One of the most recent and important phenomena observed in India is the formation of urban agglomeration, which is defined as geographic concentration of urban population and economic activities. But, there are both positive and negative impacts of urbanisation. On the one hand urbanisation leads to prosperity and development on the other hand it creates a big gap in between rural and urban facilities. The present paper is trying to highlights the prospects and problems of urbanisation with special reference to Uttorayon Township in Siliguri, district Darjeeling in the state of West Bengal. The study is based on 50 randomly selected respondents (30 males and 20 females). This is a field based study, with the help of prepared questionnaires and interview schedules the informations and relevant data were collected. The sampling methods for choosing the respondents are purposive random sampling. The socioeconomic and psychological status of the respondents before and after rehabilitation (From Chandmoni Tea Estate to Subalvita) have been analysed thoroughly.

This paper presents the review of important papers on coconut leaves cutter machine and the uses of coconut leaves. Agriculture is the backbone of Indian Economy. Agriculture is basically an energy conversion industry. This paper gives the cutting methodology used for cutting the coconut leaves. The final output of the machine which we going to obtain is in the form of chips or sticks and further it will be crushed to obtain in the powder form, which will be used as manure fertilizer

This study aims at analysing Jagmohan Mundra's film Bwander: the sand storm along with the real story of Bhanwari Devi in the background on a relatively recent act of violence perpetrated on women in India. Bawander is based on a true incident. is a potter from the village of Bhateri near Jaipur, Rajasthan; who was gang-raped by five high-class men of her village in 1992. She is still waiting for justice after twenty years, as all the accused were acquitted in 1995. Set in a Gurjjar Community of Rajasthan, the film has depicted a series of events a woman have to suffer physically and psychologically in the society after the gang-rape. Bawander is something that provokes thought for a woman who laudably has sought justice despite the horrible factors testing her faith.

Banking is the need of our time. It should be a continuous effort that maximum people involve themselves in the banking system. In this process, Interest Free Islamic Banking can play an important role, and recently the Kerala High Court has given an important judgment regarding this issue and now we may hope that a large number of people interested in interest free banking in India will involve themselves in the process of Islamic Banking. The potential for Islamic Banking in India lies in these two points namely India could be a significant market for Islamic Banking Institutions due to its large Muslim population and however, it is still subject to a favorable change in regulatory environment and increased awareness among Muslims and India.

The development of the embryo and eventually of the adult from the fertilized ovum is an extremely complicated process. The history of embryology is interesting and full of nebulous ideas, often tinctured with religious beliefs; nor is this to be wondered at, for the coming into the world of a new human being is heavily charged with emotional and theological implications.

The research article enlighten on sati system and status of woman in ancient Karnataka particularly, in Gulbarga and Yadagir. Archaeological department have been found many Maasti stones in and around Karnataka. When we search in north Karnataka number of Maasti stones in Raichur, Bellary, Gulbarga and Yadgir. Sati wasprevalent among certain classes of women, who either took the vow or deemed it a great honor to die on the funeral pyres of their husbands. Ibn Battuta observed that Sati was considered praiseworthy by the Hindus, without however being obligatory. The Agni Purana declares that the woman who commits sahagamana goes to heaven and Medhatiti pronounced that Sati was like suicide and was against the Shastras. In an age of such divergent views, women of the Deccan followed a middle path. They were not coerced, although several wives committed Sati. The majority of the widows did not undergo Sati. Mahasati stones were erected in memory of brave women who committed Sati and are periodically worshipped. The number of such stones is a few, indicating a small number of such women. The status of woman in ancient Karnataka was very poor. There are no instances of remarriage of widows

The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in humans is a growing public health concern. Concomitants include poor health behaviors and reduced psychological well-being. This study was to find out the combined and isolated effects of yogic practices and yogic dieting on stress management and interpersonal relationship of obese engineering college women students. 80 obese engineering college women whose BMI was above 30 kg/m2 were randomly selected. The subjects were assigned to four equal groups of twenty in each. The groups were assigned as Experimental Groups I (Yogic practices), II (yogic diet), III (combined) and control group respectively. Pre tests and post test scores were collected The results proved that The results presented in this study proved that there was significant influence on stress management and interpersonal relationship due to combined and isolated effects of yogic practice and yogic diet (P<0.05) The post hoc analysis revealed that combined group experimented with yogic practices and yogic diet was significantly better than isolated groups yogic practices; and control group in improving interpersonal relationship. The post hoc analysis further proved that isolated yogic practices group and combined group significantly improved stress management than control group. It was concluded that combined group and isolated groups yogic practices and yogic diet were improved stress management and interpersonal relationship of the obese engineering college students.

In the history of human development, woman has been as important as man. In fact, the status, employment and work performed by women in society is the indicator of a nation's overall progress. Without the participation of women in national activities, the social, economical or political progress of a country will be stagnated. The hands that rock the cradle, may though, as the myth goes have not yet ruled the world. The fact is that most of the women's domestic role is combined with economic activities and utilization of their skill and labour to earn the extra income for the family, which makes the difference between a reasonably decent survival and humiliating poverty. Women constitute half of the humanity, even contributing two-thirds of world's work hours. She earns only one-third of the total income and owns less than one-tenth of the world's resources. This shows that the economic status of women is in pathetic condition and this is more so in a country like India. One of the major challenge of the self-employed women in Gulbarga Slum area is that lack of financial support of the Governmental and Non-Governmental Organization and issue is that family support, finance, and occupation of mobility. This paper specially focuses problem facing Self-Employed women failed to support by Government and Non-governmental Schemes for development of self-employed women in Gulbarga slum area which is comes in North Karnataka

ष्टाचार ह्या शब्दाविषयी आपण दररोज ऐकतो , वाचतो आणि आपण डोळयाने भ्रष्टाचार होतांना बघत असतो.

Background: Cigarette smoking causes small airway obstruction (SAO) and is the harbinger of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) the prevalence of SAO varies with amount of smoking. Respiratory symptoms are reported to be not reliable for determining early airway obstruction Objective: To find out the relationship of respiratory symptoms and amount of smoking with small airway obstruction (SAO) detected by using spirometer among the smokers. Materials and Methods: 100 male adult current smokers performed the spirometry test. Results of Forced Expiratory Flow rate at 25-75% (FEF25 –75 %), Forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1) and percentage ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) i.e., (FEV1/FVC)% were used for determining SAO. A modified validated questionnaire was used for labeling respiratory symptoms of obstructive nature. Statistical analysis was done to test independence of symptom with SAO, and also of amount of smoking (in pack year) with presence of SAO. Result: 37% of the total study group (n=100) were detected as having SAO and 49% of the total as having one or more respiratory symptoms. 29.2 % of the smokers who smoked less than 3 pack years (n= 65) were detected having SAO whereas 51.4 % were observed among those smoking more than 10 pack years ( n= 35). SAO varies directly with pack year significantly (p<0.05) Association of respiratory symptoms with SAO were not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that SAO is common among smokers and can be detected by spirometry a simple tool for screening at early stage.

India is the second largest producer of tea and the biggest consumer of the beverages. Three traditional items-textiles, jute manufactures and tea accounted for nearly 54 percentages of the country exports. World tea production and export in the year 2012 was 4624.6 M.Kg and 1770.7 M.Kg, Indian tea export are 205.40 M.Kg and South India tea exports was 81.6 M.Kg. The fluctuation of tea export from South India is computed by time series of least square method and compound growth rate. In 2012, India earns foreign exchange from exporting tea is Rs.3750 crores.

Indian Textile Industry holds key position in Indian economy. It contributes about 4 percent to the GDP and 12 per cent to the country's total export earnings. It provides direct employment to over 35 million people, the second largest provider of employment after agriculture. Besides, another 54.85 million people are engaged in its allied activities. High perception assists the management to overcome several women employees' problems in weaving mills. In this paper, the researcher has made an attempt to highlight the perception of women employees in weaving mills in Ichalkaranji. The present study is an earnest attempt to assess present condition of the perception of the women employees in weaving mills at Ichalkaranji in Kolhapur district.

कुम्भ भारतीय संस्कृति के बहुरंगी अस्तित्व की एक जीवंत घटना है|हमारे देश की आध्यात्मिक , सामाजिक और वैचारिक विविधताओं का संगम भी इस आयोजन मे झलकता है|इस कारण इस आयोजन का महत्त्व पूरे विश्व के लिये एक आचार्य और उल्लस का विषय है |हमारे देश के पर्यटन सन्दर्भों में भी यह समागम एक महत्त्वपूर्ण आयोजन है|

Total Quality Management (TQM) has been widely accepted as a means of improving business competitiveness and customer satisfaction. The business organizations across industry sectors aspiring to become customer-oriented, emphasizes on quality of services will have to implement the TQM concepts. The effective implementation of TQM hinges on the identification of key TQM practices; it is interesting to know a set of TQM practices which will make improves company performances. The research paper undertakes an empirical study of TQM with regard to their implementation in hotels in Kashmir valley. Employees of hotels with more than one year of work experience have been included to gauge their views on various aspects of implementation of TQM practices in their organizations. A total number of 220 respondents have been included for the purpose of the present study. The data has been collected on TQM practices like Customer focus, training and education, employee involvement, HRM, Employee encouragement etc through a well designed questionnaire. The data collected has been analyzed with relevant statistical tools. From the result analysis has been revealed that overall TQM practices have very much importance in sample study organizations.

In this paper authors considered transient non-homogeneous thermoelastic problem with Dirichlet’s boundary condition in thin rectangular plate of isotropic material, occupying region R: where is very small as compared to . Initial temperature of the plate is and plate is placed in ambient temperature zero. The plate is subjected to the activity of moving point heat source at point moving with constant velocity where are component of velocity vector along axes respectively. The heat conduction equation containing heat generation term is solved by applying integral transform technique and Green’s theorem is adopted in deriving the solution of heat conduction equation. The solution is obtained in a series form of trigonometric function and the thermal stresses are derived.

N-dimensional Bianchi types-I (Kasner form) cosmological model in f(R) theory of gravity has been considered. The general solution of the field equations of Bianchi type-I in Kasner form with N-dimensions has been obtained by using the concept of special form of deceleration parameter. The physical properties of the model are also studied.

The US housing sector has been at the core of the financial crisis in recent times. It began due to the presence of a housing bubble from 2005-06. The inability to finance aggressive mortgages taken at the height of the bubble meant an increase in foreclosures. This paper tries to model the major determinants of housing sales through econometric model, to see which variables are significant in explaining it. We try to give a (ex-post) forecast of what is to come in the next year. We compare it with the actual values to check the accuracy of our model.

The Kadambas of Goa as a feudatory rulers of the Chalukyas of Kalyan. The Kadambas ruled Goa from 10th to the 14 century A.D. They took over the territories of the Silaharas and ruled them at first from Chandor, (modern name of Chandavuru or Chandrapur) later making Gopak or Gopakapattana their modern Capital. Goa was part of southern Konkan. Jainism was the faith of a considerable proportion of the population throughout the dominion and period of the Kadambas of Goa. The first reference to the Jain faith in the period of the Kadambas of Goa is found in the Mugad inscription of Chattayya II (A.D 1045). This family of Narggavunda chavunda was a devotee of Jain family. The next Jain epigraph, found in the Alnavar inscription of Guvaladeva III (A.D 1081). It mentioned names of the Jain teachers. Bammisetti constructed a Jain temple in this village and made grants to it. Santiviradeva was received the Grant. Jaykesi II. the famous king of this Dynasty. His first inscription is from Tambur, a village in the Kalghatgi Taluka. So many beautiful sculptures found related to Jainism during the period of Kadambas of Goa.

Transportation engineering is the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning, functional design, operation and management of facilities for any mode of transportation in order to provide for the safe, efficient, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally compatible movement of people and goods (transport). It is a sub-discipline of civil engineering and of industrial. Transportation engineering is a major component of the civil engineering and mechanical engineering disciplines, according to specialization of academic courses and main competences of the involved territory. The planning aspects of transport engineering relate to urban planning, and involve technical forecasting decisions and political factors. Technical forecasting of passenger travel usually involves an urban transportation planning model, requiring the estimation of trip generation (how many trips for what purpose), trip distribution (destination choice, where is the traveler going), mode choice (what mode is being taken), and route assignment (which streets or routes are being used). More sophisticated forecasting can include other aspects of traveler decisions, including auto ownership, trip chaining (the decision to link individual trips together in a tour) and the choice of residential or business location (known as land use forecasting). Passenger trips are the focus of transport engineering because they often represent the peak of demand on any transportation system.

The evolution and growth of corporate social responsibility in large companies in India has been well documented. Many firms have taken the initiatives of Corporate Social Responsibility practices which have met with varying needs of the society. Apart from this number of industries are unable to see any clear benefits by following it. Very few companies are studied social reports, code of conduct or ethical practices. Most of them did not have the resources to follow the prescribed Government norms. Majority companies did not give much priority for it or ethical code of conduct as they were tied down by various constraints, such as finance, marketing, information technology and counseling. The study drives that there is a need to popularize the concept of corporate social responsibility among industries, as the benefits it can bring for them. The present study has made an attempt to understand the status and progress and initiatives made by large firms of India in context to CSR policy framing and implementation. Data has been collected from the official websites of the firms; CSR variance score and rank according to the amount spend on CSR in 2011-12. Results of the study IT and Auto industry is more going for taking up CSR initiatives while other sector has focused yet not too much into the social responsibility initiatives. Tata companies' figures for who mandate an increase in spend of whopping INR 4 million as a combine. Although India has entered a transformational change by involving into new CSR initiatives, but still a lot has to be done in it.

In this study the effect of global financial crisis of 2008 has been examined during two sub-periods, a sub-period immediately after financial crisis and next subperiod further financial crisis. First sub-period is a two-year period (2008-09 to 200910) and next sub-period is 3 years (2010-11 to 2012-13) after the first sub-period. Hypothesis of the study is of paired sample type. The data is analyzed using SPSS package software and the relevant statistical methods of paired sample testing of hypothesis and correlation analysis. Sample of the study involves 79 firms from 9 industries in NSE during April 2008 to March 2013. Tobin's Q ratio has been used as the measure of performance, and the best proxy for this is market to book equity ratio. Results show a significant difference between firm value during first sub-period and second sub-period. It says that firm performance in second sub-period was significantly better than the first sub-period, which is attributed to the effect of financial crisis.

The aim of study was to assess the relationship between emotional intelligence and level of aspiration in terms of subject background of B.Ed student teachers. The sample size was 600, among them 300 are boys and 300 are girls. The tool used for this study is 'Emotional Intelligence Scale' developed by Ankool Hyde, Sanjyot Pethe and Upinder Dhar. The result revealed the Positive correlation between EI with level of aspiration. The science student teachers shows positive correlation between EI and level of aspiration. Whereas there is no positive correlation was found between EI and level of aspiration in respect of arts and social science of B.Ed student teachers respectively.

The socio-economic marginalization of Muslims can be attributed to numerous factors, but particularly the economic condition of most the Indian Muslims is unenviable. A large chunk of Indian Muslims are living with hand-to-mouth existence either by way of self-employment in petty trades or by working in the unorganized sectors, like construction workers, cycle rickshaw pullers, handcart rickshaw pullers, venders, coolies, barbers, tailors, carpenters, fitters, plumbers, electricians or welders, etc. The few significant reports such as 'Gopal Singh Report', 'Sachar Committee Report', etc. also revealed that Muslim community is the most socially as well as economically deprived community among the Indian population. Therefore, the present paper, aims to analyze the spatial variations of economic characteristics in respect of economic structure like occupation, income, expenditure, and habit of the saving of money, household durable goods etc. of Kayamkhani community in Bhilwara district, Rajasthan. The study is based on primary data collected through the field survey and direct questionnaire to the respondents in Bhilwara district. The survey was carried out during the months of February and March, 2010. The studies reveal that 80 percent Kayamkhani's live in Pucca Houses and 91 percent have their own houses. Kayamkhani are conscious in terms of technology

There is a growing recognition that ethics can have positive impact on the performance of the firm. In today's world, ethics and responsibility are very much required at workplace. This article tells how and when ethics came into light and defines business ethics and social responsibility of business. This study also tells why ethics and social responsibility are so much important in business and at the workplace, how these two concepts can affect a firm and these two terms are interrelated.

Research is purposeful activity of learning, Research is most essential and powerful tool for progress of Nation. Development in various spheres of life has taken place because of research, as it has increased quality of our life. Research. It is quest to answer unsolved questions by pushing back the hurdles of ignorance. It is based on courage and confidence and carried out with lot of patience. The importance of research is attested by various experts in all fields. Hence, research is dynamic, progressive and multidimensional concept in the modern world. Research has philosophical, sociological, psychological, technological and scientific bases. Research is learning activity, so it can be related to the domains of learning as cognitive, affective and psychomotor which leads to acquisition of knowledge, skills and the attitude, which forms the bases of personality development. Research Guide who supervise M.Phil., Ph.D. students can view research as a tool/technique along with the main purpose of research, for the development of their students personality

Poojya Dr. Appaji, believe education is a “Bramhastra” (strong weapon as per Hindu epics) as solve all kinds of problems and obstacles in individual and social problems. Education is an only solution for the all problems of the nation. “The teacher is a Brahma, the creator of the universe, he is God Vishnu protector, and he is God Maheshwar destroyer. He is entire universe, salutations to him”. – Poojya Dr. Appaji Believes from the soul. One of the biggest problems that are faced by India is poverty. India the home of 400 million poor people living even below the poverty life and poverty causes many other problems as well. Due to poverty the other problem which rose includes child labor, crime propagation and population explosion as well. To achieve all the goals and to become a modern state the solution is to reduce the poverty rate by increase the jobs ratio and another thing which is important to give equal opportunities to every citizen and to pay attention to increase the literacy rate as well. The other problems are gender biasness, inflation, illiteracy, employment and .child labor and women harassments. I feel the major problems India facing is Corruption which results into poverty and transparency in jobs 2nd major problem is education. There is no doubt about it that education system of our country is the toughest in the world but still we had archived the 65% of population educated. If the education system of country could have been achieve even 90% literacy rate, if we would have tried honestly, and our nation also considered in worlds developed country

This paper tries to project a method from the parlance of management into the arena of higher education thereby anticipating the relative improvement of quality consciousness among all constituents so as to enhance their effectiveness and competence. The Japanese concept of Quality Circle is made use of here. According to this concept, a body of employees meets from time to time under the guidance of a supervisor to discuss ways and means to improve the quality of products and services of the organization. They meet regularly to solve problems they experience at work. These are generally informal in nature. It is worthwhile to see how this concept of Quality Circle can be utilized in an institution at the higher education level. In a higher education institution, which is affiliated and aided, it has the following dimensional structure incorporating various stakeholders. The main objective of this paper is study on Indian education system and history and study on implementing the concept of Quality Circle in Affiliated Colleges

Commercial banks have been in existence in India since the 18th Centaury Earlier they were established on unlimited liability basis. Hindustan Bank" was established in the year 1770 but unfortunately it was failed in the year 1832. After 1860 banks were started on limited liability basis. Three presidency banks were established sub sequently Bank of Bengal 1809, Bank of Bombay 1840 and Bank of Madrass 1843. Imperial Bank of India was constituted in the year 1920. While amalgamating above three presidency banks into a single bank.

In the absence of market imperfections or frictions, any new information is expected to reflect in both spot and derivative market instantaneously but in reality this hardly exists. The nature of the market microstructure results in a lead/ lag relationship and one market acts a dominant while other acts a satellite market. In this study, we examine the information transmission process between spot and options segments of the NIFTY 50, benchmark index of India. The daily data files stretch from 1 April 2009 to 31 March 2014. Cointegration and related tools were used to examine the price discovery process and it was found out that spot is the dominant trading platform vis-à-vis options for NIFTY 50 index and price signals emanating from spot are being factored in by speculators to hedge their risk in derivatives market. The findings are useful for investment professionals, traders, regulators and academia.

The rapid expansion of banking facilities is to help the financial sustainability, optimise the indigenous financial resource and promote financial inclusion the effort made by in RRBs branches expansion, deposit mobalisation, rural development, credit disbursement to small and marginalised section of rural areas are appreciable. The RRBs have taken a major step for rural households to come near to banking facilities. This paper attempts to analyses the issues of regional rural banks growth in India and Karnataka. The analysis reveals that credit borrowing, loan advances, branches, credit deposit ratios continue to be unsatisfactory. It appears that the RRBs are still hesitant on various grounds to purvey credit to small and marginalized farmers. The study period covers 1990-2010 and the data has been analysed with the help of Annual Growth and Compound Annual Growth Rate model and some descriptive statistical tools of selected RRBs factors. The overall result shows that RRBs growth was not very healthy position in India and Karnataka.

In this project work an effort has been made to development of conceptual model of water pumping cross trainer which is user friendly, easy to do exercise, save &stores the energy of the users muscle efforts. When the human operates the lever and the pedal, the Centrifugal Pump is actuated and the water is pumped from ground sump to the tank. At the same time the attached dynamo (i.e., is mounted near the V-belt) operate sand the mechanical energy is converted in to electrical energy, the generated electrical energy is stored in battery with the help of wires. The stored electrical energy is used when we are needed..

Rising pressures on the environment and increasing environmental consciousness have generated the need to account for the various interactions between all sectors of the economy and the environment (Shukla, & Vyas, 2013). This paper describes the concept of introducing environmental disclosure in company's reports. It suggests the need to instigate Social or environmental reporting with financial statement. It also focuses over the various researches conducted in India and abroad regarding the environmental impression over their disclosure standards followed by them.

New Style Education Using Strategic Project Management Techniques means Building Practice made perfect. Reviewing the Education and Development globally, New Style Education has been one of the fastest growths in education during the last decade. It is hard to formatting from ‘New Style Education Using Strategic Project Management Techniques’ into work and the nowadays education of education, in particular. It is grave on New Style Education Using Strategic Project Management Techniques for nowadays education. This onionskin devotes through statistics in Hong Kong and China (Asia) and Euro how to implement New Style Education Using Strategic Project Management Techniques. There is a demand in expediting our culture of diversifying traditional education. E-learning is a pop song over tradition. New Style Education contributed in China establishes the Management Approach notion in Nowadays education concern. The results focus on an important issue of “New Style Education Management” which is critical to the success of in Nowadays education in Asia and worldwide. The Stages in the Appraisal of New Style Education Using Strategic Project Management Techniques is embraced into practice in which Building New Style Education is an urge

In the late 1960's, international trade of goods has branched into goods trade and service-oriented trade giving rise to the two types of trade and economy that we now have. With the passage of time, service-oriented trade has surpassed goods trade both in volume and speed of transaction. In service-oriented trade, its unique production entity which involves human resources, is the decisive factor for determining its comparative advantage. The level of service knowledge and technical content are the basis for its comparative advantage.

One of the most significant economic development of 21st Century was the entry of women into paid jobs.The growing participation of women in the job sector was a major trend in all most all the industrialised nations in the 21st century and that trend is proceeding at rapid rate even in the developing countries of the world.About four decades back women particularly the housewives were likely to be in the home pursuing domestic responsibilities of upbringing the family and taking care of husband and children.The demographic changes such as low birth rates, rising number of divorce cases, delay in childbearing as well as other developments such as womens rising educational status, changes in social attitudes and growingdemands of women in job sector are changing the environment at the working place.The time has come that the male dominated society of our country shoud start realising the potential of women fully so that she too can make her valuable contributions to the society and nation as a whole starts progressing towards the path of social, poltical, economic and national development and it is only then we can envision the goal of achieving an egalitiarian society.

This research article attempts to give an insight on the various labour contracts that were used in the rubber industry from 1860-1960 which also included the indenture contract. It analyses both the European and Chinese rubber industry and give a detailed account of why the indenture system came into existence and what all factors led to its decline. It shows how laws like 'Coolie Ordinance' 1880 were used for exploitation of the labourers and how did it finally get abolished.

Good teacher is always loyal and truthful to their profession and to those they serve. A teacher's perception towards teaching directly affects the student. A teacher's attitude remarkably effects the achievement of a student. Some teachers see teaching as just their source of income and show no dedication and loyalty towards their profession. teacher occupies a pivotal position in the system of education. The teacher is the backbone of the educational system, maker of the mankind and architect of the nation. Teaching is a scared profession. The society places high hopes on a teacher. Keeping the importance of Teaching Profession an attempt has made through this study by the investigators to know the attitude of school teachers towards Teaching Profession.. The present study was based on, the normative survey research method. It was found that, the attitude of secondary school teachers of is neither more favourable nor unfavourable towards Teaching Profession i.e., satisfactory or average in attitude towards Teaching Profession. Teaching is a profession that creates contributors to the future, or put another way, the future lies in the hands of teachers

The paper entitled “Human's strive to combat evil, reading Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde representing a crusade against Science” analyses the story of Dr.Jekyll, first appeared as a novel by R.L.Stevenson and the Victor Fleming's film of the same title. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a novel and film of horror focusing on events resulting from scientific experimentation. The novel contains elements of science fiction, a literary genre focusing on a fictional story of how scientific experiments, discoveries, and technologies affect human beings for better or worse.

Since long there was no specific allocation for women in the government policies and programmes, therefore, it has not led to a noticeable empowerment of women. Recently countries have realised that to remove gender gaps, persisting in all societies, and to achieve empowerment of women, there is a need to look at government budgets through gender lens. Gender budgeting is now recognised worldwide as a powerful tool to achieve socio-economic empowerment of women. Gender responsive budgeting actively addresses gender gaps in budget allocations, particularly in key areas such as education, health, employment, access to resources, etc., and ensures that government resources are allocated where they are most essential for the benefit of all. The present paper is an attempt to study the gender budgeting initiatives taken in India

In India the new Janata Alliance government under the leadership of Chandrasekhar and with the support of Congress had taken the oath on 10th November 1990, but 6th March 1991 Congress taken back the support and the elections of Lok Sabha had been declared. In this election it was clear the possibility of Congress government to come in power under the leadership of Rajiv Gandhi once again. For the election campaigning Rajiv Gandhi reached to Madras (Chennai) on 21 May 1991, he went to Perumbudur for election campaign.

The sugar industry is one of the largest agrobased industry in India. India is the second largest producer of sugarcane next to Brazil. The workers are subjected to during their working lives to an environment that affect their physical and mental health. In present investigation randomly selected ten workers from various processing units or sections were assessed for their basic characteristics, exposure period, grip strength and physical fitness score. It was found that the adverse working environment affects the health of the sorkers which results to decease in physical fitness score of the workers.

Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is responsible for 55% -70% of infertility cases caused by chronic anovulation. Clomiphene Citrate (CC) is considered as first line drug for induction of ovulation in these patients. Aromatase inhibitor has been used as new drug for ovulation induction for last decade. There are many studies related to comparative use of CC and Letrozole but results are not consistent. Aims To review the literature related to use of Letrozole and CC in infertile patient with PCOS to conclude, which is better ovulatory agent for the management of anovulation? Method A search of English language literature was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane database of systemic review and EMBASE databases. Old to most recent publications regarding Letrozole and Clomiphene for ovulation induction were reviewed.

महिलाओं की पुरुष के समान राजनितिक अधिकार एवं राजनितिक सहभागिता का मुध्दा, आज के विश्व का और आधुनिक विकसित सभ्यता का एक लोकप्रिय चर्चित एवं महत्वपूर्ण संवैधानिक समानता तथा स्वतंत्रता प्राप्त है | किन्तु फिर भी व्यहारिक रूप देश की आधी आबादी महिलाओं को उनकी आबादी की अनुपात में राजनितिक के क्षेत्र में भागिदारी का अवसर नही मिल पा रहा है |

To anyone following Dalit history and politics in Uttar Pradesh, the past month should have presented an extraordinary challenge. Consider three images from this time. First, of an earnest Rahul Gandhi stopping over for meals at Dalit bastis as part of his party's strategy to wrest back the Dalit vote from Chief Minister Mayawati. Second, of a six- year-old Dalit girl being hurled into a fire in Mathura; the latest in a pattern of daily assaults on the community. And third, of the Bahujan Samaj Party's five of five, punch- packed performance in the April 2008 by- elections — a dazzling first-anniversary reiteration of power and strength by Team Maya.

Ecological consciousness is major concern of ecocriticism that investigates the relation between literature and environment. It believes that the natural world is a living, sacred thing in which each individual feels closely attached to a particular place. George Orwell was brought up in the socio-cultural environment of England. He liked and loved the traditional English culture. However, when he observed the drastic change in both agrarian and urban England he felt restless and decided to write on the effects of industrialization and capitalism on traditional ways of life. Coming Up for Air is the outcome of these feelings. It is mainly about Orwell's ecological and anti-capitalistic consciousness. Like ecocriticism, anticapitalism also directs our attention upon the evils of the rapid urbanization and industrial activity. In fact, the destruction of nature and culture is the serious social problem of the modern industrialised society and Orwell has demonstrated this through the difference between the traditional natural England and modern capitalistic industrialised society. So the presentation of the estrangement of man from nature and culture is the main subject of the novel and the root cause of this estrangement is capitalism and industrialization. The main object of the article is to show the loss of the natural environment and agrarian culture and the evils of the rapid urbanization and industrial activity as depicted by George Orwell in Coming Up for Air.

Representing structure, key properties, software systems and behavior needs a high level abstraction for the software architectures. There are so many languages present for describing the architectures that are under research, needs to get a maturity. But there are only fewer amounts of techniques present for converting architecture to a running system. It is not an easy way to convert the architecture's core element into a system implementation perfectly. A solution that can be done is we can create an architectural framework, which supports implementing, executing, evolving and deploying. This paper supports in creating a framework, where we have some hands on experience with the family of frameworks, which supports in implementation. These frameworks that we have used are with different hard ware platforms, which include the resources and the devices. Frameworks have the property of lightweight and also have the property of extensibility, which helps in monitoring and analyzing the system at runtime. The framework which we have used will resolve all the issues that are faced in software architect for its implementation.

The chemical composition of essential oils of six accessions of white Wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba asso) collected from different regions of Morocco and domesticated in the experimental station of Errachidia were analyzed by coupling Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The results obtained allowed us to classify these accessions in two chemotypes: the first one is á-Campholene aldehyde represented by four accessions with a percentage change between 32.8% and 48.2%, the second one is Artemiseole chemotype present in two accessions with a respective concentration of 70.4% and 54.4%. These two particular chemotypes are highlighted for the first time in the species of white Wormwood.

This research paper aims to highlight the key role of one of the components of value chain; service in community development through effective management of waste. Also this study provides a conceptual model leading to effective management of waste through the use of 3R approach (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) along with contributing to community development. For this purpose study draws on extensive literature review along with various case studies. Secondary data, generated through the in-depth interviews, is also used to conclude the study. Study found that with the innovative use of 3R approach an organization can effectively meet its both obligations related to profit and society. This not only helps in projecting the positive image of the organization in the minds of its target customers but also helps it in contributing towards the overall development of community.

Environmentally sound management of hazardous substances is a key challenge before policy makers, regulators, implementers, industry workers, and the affected people. The toxic pollution unleashed in Bhopal, Bichri, Patencheru, Kanpur, and many more such toxic hotspots in India led to the strengthening of legal regime for the "Regulation of Environmental Pollution Caused by Hazardous Substances in India".

This paper examines the growing concern over the past couple of years both at the national as well as the international level: this concern is about protecting/preserving environment. The environment is not merely seen as protecting the surrounding areas, rather protecting the globe. The issues of environment are now expanded to include such issues as livelihood, surrounding, air, water, green house effect, nuclear free world, etc. More than that it is now linked to the larger issues of identity, culture, development including social categories.

In the last few years, Corruption has become a very a hot topic of discussion all over the world under social and economic issues. The situation has become so worse that even in daily news bulletins we can find a report and discussion over it. It's not only the scene of a single country you can see this practice to be prevailed all over the world. As per Corruption Perception Index 2013, out of 177 countries Denmark and New Zealand both have succeed in securing 1st rank in matter of clean corruption with 91 score. On the worst side of it Afghanistan, Korea (North) and Somalia have scored 8 with 175th rank which indicates on parameter that they are very highly corrupted countries. In between them India has secured 94th rank with a score of 36 in CPI,2013 and sharing the same position with 7 other countries and their names are Algeria, Armenia, Benin, Colombia, Djibouti, Philippines, Suriname.

This research article explains some existential content in Saul Bellow's “Herzog”. It shows that how Herzog's hero suffers from identity crisis and how he recovers himself from this crisis? This article expresses internal complexity of Herzog. It also expresses hero's attitude towards life and humanity.

The aim of the present study is to examine the Psychological Well-being of working and non working women's selected from Gulbarga. The Sample consists of 80 (40 each working and non working, Rural and Urban). The sample has administered with Psychological Well-being scale. And the data were subjected the t-test.The results several that there is a significant difference in Psychological well-being of the sample subgroups.

In sugar industry workers health and comfort get affected due to adverse workplace environment. Industrial occupational hazards, stress, lack of safety measures, irregularity of work hours, badly designed work place, unhealthy working environment, and lack of welfare schemes which affects the safety and health of the industrial workers. In the present study priority has been given to study prevalence of symptoms related to discomfort and unergonomically designed workplace. It has been observed that workers complain about discomfort and many musculoskeletal problems.

Background of the study:The nursing handover is a communication that occurs between shifts of nurses. The specific purpose is to communicate information about patients under the care of nurses. The handover directly or indirectly improves patient care, increases safety, decreases patient questioning and increases the overall satisfaction of the patient. It attempts to reduce errors and decreases morbidity and mortality, with every staff caring for a patient, beginning from where the last staff left off and being adequately informed to do so. The written guidelines or pre-prepared handover sheets will help the nurses to handover the patient details in a structured and informative way. The structured communication SBAR helps the nurses to give handover in a clear and concise format. Statement of the problem:Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding situation, background, assessment and recommendation (SBAR) handover among staff nurses working in a selected hospital, Mangalore, Dakshina kannada

The attributes and functional profile of global education system has been changed a lot due to the globalization. With the ever increasing demands of higher education, the distance education system has been emerged as a boon to global academic system. This particular paper basically deals with the application of a strategic planning tool on the LIS distance learning system to evaluate the current situation of the system. This paper tries to represent the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats of the students of library and information science domain who are pursuing their academic courses through distance mode. This situation analysis has been done through the SWOT analysis method. This particular study is confined to the northern region of West Bengal where more or less eight universities are conducting different courses of Library and Information Science through distance mode. The paper elaborately discusses the positive and the negative factors (internal as well as external) of the distance education system in North Bengal and by understanding the significance of those factors decision makers can build up a strategy to run the system effectively.

Education is the important tool of social changes and ones allround development. Education introduces ones rights and duties. By Education we can enjoy our life and education gives power to face the problems in life. Sant Kabir says “Without Education human is blind”.

The aim of the study was to evaluate an impending relationship between salivary Streptococcus mutans count, sucrose dependent glass adherence, and water insoluble glucan synthesis of isolated strains of Streptococcus mutans with caries experience among young adults between the age group of 20 to 23 years which may enable future planning of caries prevention in adults. A total of 70 dental students undergoing compulsory rotary internship were selected for the study based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. After assessing DMFT and DMFS of the subjects, stimulated saliva was collected for the above mentioned analysis. Statistical analysis was done using student t test for comparing the means of the results of the two groups. Before applying t test the variances of both the groups was tested using Levene's test. Dental caries experience was correlated with sucrose dependent adherence insoluble glucan production and salivary Streptococcus mutans count using Pearson Correlation. Out of 70 adults only 10 were caries free, with DMFT = 0 and 60 adults presented with caries experience who had DMFT of 3 to 8 with the mean value of 5.58 and DMFS of 13 to 24 with the mean value of 17.3. A strong correlation was found between DMFS and water insoluble glucan synthesis and a positive correlation was also found between DMFS and salivary Streptococcus mutans count. There was a highly significant correlation between DMFT and adherence to glass and also water insoluble glucan synthesis,

This paper envisages the morphology and function of the male reproductive system in a brachyuran crab, Sarmatium punctatum using histological and histochemical studies. The male reproductive system of S. punctatum comprises paired symmetrical structures of testis, coiled vas deferens, sac-like tubular accessory glands and narrow ejaculatory duct which open out as intromittent organ. Seminiferous tubules of the testis display two zones: germinal zone (GZ) and transformation zone (TZ). Spermatogenesis and spermatozoan maturation occurrs within the testes and subsequently reaches the vas deferens via collecting duct. Structurally and functionally the vas deferens is categorized into anterior vas deferens (AVD), middle vas deferens (MVD), and posterior vas deferens (PVD). AVD secretes glycoproteinaceous and mucoproteinaceous products which assist in sperm grouping and spermatiophore formation. MVD and PVD secrete mucoproteinaceous secretion akin to AVD and act as storage centers. The exact role of accessory glands is enigmatic. The copious amount of acidic materials secreted by these ductal glands possibly supports easy transport of spermatophores during copulation.

Decentralized governance can lead to more flexible, innovative and creative administrative set-up. In different nations or regions of the world, national governments are following decentralized governance as a strategy to strengthen accountability, political skills and national integration and bringing government closer to the people. In India majority of population resides in villages and a type of environment is required which make this large section involve in the process of rural development and democracy. Much attention should be given to the people's participation in the political and development process at grassroots level. It brings authorities closer to the people and increases transparency and accountability. There felt the need of sensitizing elected representatives at the local level. 73rd amendment has widened the democratic base of the Indian polity. The main theme of the paper is to highlight the people's participation, accountability and transparency at the grassroots level and also to emphasize the significance of 73rd Amendment act.

Agricultural mechanization is the application of machinery, technology and increased power to agriculture, largely as a means to enhance the productivity of human labour and often to achieve results well beyond the capacity of human labour. There are three sources of farm power utilized for these tools, machines and equipment, manual and animal draft, and motorized power. Mechanization also includes irrigation system, food processing and related technologies and equipment. The main problems of Indian agricultural system are lack of mechanisation, small land holding, small and marginal farmers which results in huge wastage of human labour and in low yields per capita labour force. So, Implementation and action needed to increase the availability of mechanization inputs and identification of the components of a programme to increase investments in mechanization and make plan for sustainable agricultural development. However, the full benefit achieved through the use of many advanced crop husbandry inputs such as improved seed, fertilizer, and pesticides, as well as increased use of irrigation, use of improved tools and machines. Only under certain conditions, where production increases achieved through the use of other improved inputs has come to its limits, can improved tools and equipment by themselves lead to production increases, cost reductions or improvements in the environmental sustainability of farming.

साठोत्तरी महिला लेखिकाओं में मालती जोशी का संवेदनशील महिला कथाकार के रूप में उल्लेखनीय स्थान है|उन्होंने उपन्यास साहित्य के माध्यम से अपनी निजी अनुभूतियों को यथार्थ रूप में अभिव्यक्त किया है|अपनी संवेदना और दूरदर्शिता के कारण नारी को सजग और सचेत करने का महत्वपूर्ण कार्य किया है| इनके उपन्यासों का सृजन शहरी मध्यवर्गीय नारी को केंद्र में रखकर हुआ है| मालती जोशी स्वयं नारी होने के कारण उन्हें नारी के प्रति गहरी सहानुभूति है|

साठोत्तरी महिला लेखिकाओं में मालती जोशी का संवेदनशील महिला कथाकार के रूप में उल्लेखनीय स्थान है|उन्होंने उपन्यास साहित्य के माध्यम से अपनी निजी अनुभूतियों को यथार्थ रूप में अभिव्यक्त किया है|अपनी संवेदना और दूरदर्शिता के कारण नारी को सजग और सचेत करने का महत्वपूर्ण कार्य किया है| इनके उपन्यासों का सृजन शहरी मध्यवर्गीय नारी को केंद्र में रखकर हुआ है| मालती जोशी स्वयं नारी होने के कारण उन्हें नारी के प्रति गहरी सहानुभूति है|

In most of the underdeveloped countries the girl child is discriminated against and Indian is no exception. The causes are economical, social and religious. To find a solution to the prevailing deplorable condition of girl children, the UNICEF has declared 1990 as “The year of The Girl Child.” The intention is to focus the attention of Governments and social institutions on the plight of the girls and to work towards the end of discrimination among children on the basis of sex. However, most of the efforts of the Government of India and social instituions doing surveys etc. Not much has been done to change the situation at the ground level for the girl child. A real change in thecondition of the girl child can be brought about only when the economic situation and social outlook of the family are radically changed and enough money to send all children to school, there will not be any question of discrimination against the girl child. And the spread of education will dispel superstition & religious orthodoxy that bind women in general & restrict the development of girl child.

Learning occupies a very important place in our life. It provides a key to the structure of our personality and behavior. It is a process and involves all the experiences and training of an individual which help him to produce changes in his behavior. There are various types of learning. Co-operative learning is one of them. Cooperative learning is the instructional use of small groups so that students work together to maximize their own and each other's learning. Within cooperative situations, individuals seek outcomes that are beneficial to themselves and beneficial to all other group members.

The Present paper deals with monitoring of noise pollution at different places of Visakhapatnam City (India) on the night of Deepawali & Dec 24th night (Christmas), Dec 31st night (New Year) festivals. Visakhapatnam is an industrial and sea port city located on the east coast of India. A hospital (RCD hospital), residential area (Lawson's Bay colony), traffic zone (Jagadamba junction, Andhra pradesh State Road Transport Corporation Complex junction and Seethammadhara junction) and Industrial Zone (Sea port) were chosen to monitor the noise levels. During the present study the noise levels were measured with the help of sound meter. The noise pollution is decreasing considerably for the last three years and it is recorded minimum in 2010 as compared to 2011 and 2012. The main reason of this decrement is the growing environment awareness in the people of Visakhapatnam City. Needless to say, students of most of the school in Visakhapatnam city now prefer to celebrate above mention festivals of lights without sound and smoke. The campaign for eco-friendly Deepawali is expected to catch on with people in Visakhapatnam city which has already demonstrated its commitment towards environment conservation. Mainly fire crackers are used during festivals. The present paper is an attempt to create awareness among the people of Visakhapatnam city about the bitter truth of fire crackers.

IAbsenteeism is one of the most serious concerns of a company. Manufacturing company as well as service Sector Company is facing the problem of growing absenteeism. It is a serious problem in a manufacturing or labour –intensive company as compared to a service sector company. This paper discusses the absenteeism of the employees of Ambika cotton Mill of Coimbatore, district of Tamil Nadu. The major factors derived on the basis of suggestions by the employees that affect absenteeism are- Welfare Facilities, Salary, Leave Policies, Supervisors' behavior, Present working conditions and Transportation facility.

The human rights has played very important role in the history of the second half of the twentieth century. It has achieved greater and greater legitimacy over these 50 years. It is a movement that reflects the growing positive forces of globalization and the desire of all human beings to lead their own lives in freedom and relative peace. The evolution of human rights jurisprudence is a striking phenomenon of the present century. (5)Human security is fundamentally concerned with helping people to deal with unforeseeable threats and sudden downturns, whether international financial crises, environmental disasters or incapacitating illnesses.

Everyday consumers are exposed to thousands of voices and images in magazines, newspapers, billboards, websites, radio and television, etc. Every brand attempts to steal at least fraction of a person's time to inform him/her of the amazing and different attributes of the product at hand. The challenge of the marketer is to find a hook that will hold the subject's attention. In helping to achieve this, use of celebrity for endorsement of a brand is widely used marketing strategy. In this modern age, people tend to ignore all commercials and advertisements while flipping through the magazines and newspapers or viewing TV. But even then, the glamour of a celebrity seldom goes unnoticed. Thus, celebrity endorsement in advertisement and its impact on the overall brand is of great significance. In this process, the companies hire celebrities from a particular field to feature in its advertisement campaigns. The promotional features and images of the product are matched with the celebrity image, which tends to persuade a consumer to fix-up his choice from a variety of brands. Although this sounds pretty simple, but the design of such campaigns and the subsequent success in achieving the desired result calls for an in-depth understanding of the product, the brand objective, choice of a celebrity, associating the celebrity with the brand, and a framework for measuring the effectiveness.

When we peer into the past, we see that from the Vedic era, the Hindu society was and is divided into the graded inequality and hierarchical anarchy. We should become happy, all should emancipate from the anxiety and agony, all should see the prosperity and progress of others and none should suffer any pain. These are only utopian sayings. Because of the graded inequality, the one section of Hindu society was always remained unexploited and neglected, and even that was not considered as touchable creature.

The Present paper deals with monitoring of noise pollution at different places of Visakhapatnam City (India) on the night of Deepawali & Dec 24th night (Christmas), Dec 31st night (New Year) festivals. Visakhapatnam is an industrial and sea port city located on the east coast of India. A hospital (RCD hospital), residential area (Lawson's Bay colony), traffic zone (Jagadamba junction, Andhra pradesh State Road Transport Corporation Complex junction and Seethammadhara junction) and Industrial Zone (Sea port) were chosen to monitor the noise levels. During the present study the noise levels were measured with the help of sound meter. The noise pollution is decreasing considerably for the last three years and it is recorded minimum in 2010 as compared to 2011 and 2012. The main reason of this decrement is the growing environment awareness in the people of Visakhapatnam City. Needless to say, students of most of the school in Visakhapatnam city now prefer to celebrate above mention festivals of lights without sound and smoke. The campaign for eco-friendly Deepawali is expected to catch on with people in Visakhapatnam city which has already demonstrated its commitment towards environment conservation. Mainly fire crackers are used during festivals. The present paper is an attempt to create awareness among the people of Visakhapatnam city about the bitter truth of fire crackers.

Initially my studied in depth about what is stress and stress management, we visited different colleges and approached different teachers to find out what are the various questions that can be put in our questionnaire. Now our next job was to pen down the questions we could ask teachers which should not be too harsh and direct that makes teachers uncomfortable to cooperate. After making questionnaire the next hurdle that came was what if teachers didn't knew whether they were stressed or what if they refused even though they were stressed. So we prepared different sets of questionnaire depending upon the answer of the initial question which our team asked verbally: ARE YOU STRESSED? After I was prepared with questionnaire we personally went to different colleges to get them filled. After we reached our target of getting filled around 350 questionnaires we soughed out the best 300 upon which we did our further analysis which you will get to know further as our team carries on the presentation.

Today students realize the need of effective written communication in composition writing and other writing capacities which in turn is a vital concern for educators and employers universities have moved towards more writing and have made requirements in writing stricter. Those teaching a writing course must be aware of suggestions for approaching a topic such as tenses and sentences.

The literature on dividend policy has produced a large body of theoretical and empirical research, especially following the publication of the dividend irrelevance hypothesis of Miller and Modigliani (1961). No general consensus has yet emerged after several decades of investigation, and scholars can often disagree even about the same empirical evidence. This paper aims at providing the reader with a comprehensive understanding of dividends and dividend policy by reviewing the main theories and explanations of dividend policy including dividend irrelevance hypothesis of Miller and Modigliani, bird-in-the-hand, tax-preference, clientele effects, signalling, and agency costs hypotheses. However, due to the enduring nature and extensive range of the debate about dividend policy which has spawned a vast amount of literature that grows by the day, a full review of all debates is not feasible. The paper reaches at a conclusion that the famous statement of Fisher Black about dividend policy "the harder we look at the dividends picture, the more it seems like a puzzle, with pieces that just do not fit together" (Black, 1976, p. 5) is still valid.

It is very often that forensic investigator has to tell the time since death in case where unknown dead bodies are found indoor as well as outdoor and in some cases various types of container a wrapped in a variety of materials. These dead bodies provide favorable site to different types of insect and flies for their growth. The adult female flies began to lay egg within hour after the death of an individual, so it helps in determining probable time of death since it shows a definite cycle. However exact time depends on the species and the temperature humidity condition in the surrounding. So a sound knowledge about life history of insect of an area is required before this entomological information is put into practice for criminal investigation.