The qualitative study aimed to explore pre-service student teacher’s expectations with respect to their Bachelor of Education programme. The descriptive survey method and purposive sampling technique was used. The Bachelor of Education first year (Language Group) student teachers of Regional Institute of Education, National Council of Educational Research and Training, Ajmer constituted sample of the study. Focus Group Discussion tool was used to collect data. The study found that student teachers expected holistic development of curricular and co-curricular activities. The pedagogical practices were practiced by teacher educators did not use Information and Communication Technology very effectively. The student teachers had faced problems with regard to language barrier in classroom, using of laboratory resources, and nonavailability of current syllabus books in library. All the student teachers were expected to introduce semester system in Bachelor of Education Programme.

In the present study is going to centralize on Ghunghutta Dam of Surguja district in Chhattisgarh India. The water quality status of Ghungutta dam in Surguja district were determined during June 2017 to May 2018. The Ghunghutta dam is located in Surguja district (220 94N latitude & 830 164E Longitude) of northern Chhattisgarh in India. Ghunghutta is a medium irrigation project which was constructed in 2002 across the river Ghunghutta which is a tributary of Rehar Sub basin Sone in the Ganga basin. The Dam is 14km. from the district head quarter Ambikapur. The Dam water use is domestic purposes, irrigation, aquaculture etc. The surrounding area of dam semi urban semi agricultural and to generate electricity.Present study is aimed at investigating the main factors responsible for water pollution in Ghunghutta Dam.The monthly intervals during June 2017 through May 2018 with an objective to estimate the water quality of the dam on various physico-chemical parameters Total dissolve solids, and turbidity values were maximum on all the sites in rainy months, which may be due to the gradual disturbances in sedimentation of solids as well as dust particles deposited along with runoff rainwater. The alkalinity varied during different months. The values of pH, conductivity, hardness, dissolved oxygen C.O.D. and biological oxygen demand were higher during summer months.Among the in this study, diversity, and evenness and to predict the state of Ghunghutta dam according to physico-chemical parameters.

Government implemented various programmes and developed the institutions for rural development. In the present scenario, Government have been able to create some sort of assets for livelihoods of the rural people, but so far as their assets accessing is concerned, the majority of them are not up to the mark. There is a need to revitalize and strengthen the local peoples initiatives to access the assets to achieve sustainable livelihood outcome.

he study shows the literacy rate of tribes in Himachal Pradesh since 1971. Scheduled area to the total geographical area was studied besides their brief profile. The study shows the role and advantage of higher education in the social and economic lives of the tribes in Himachal Pradesh.

Hinduism has many shades exists both in theory and practice. Indians and their tradition are depicted with multiple perspectives by foreign authors. A.K. Ramanujan has a different vision on Indian culture. What a life is to a middleclass man and how does he perceive Hinduism. Such relations and interpretations are explained in Obituary with respect to middleclass father and son.

n the early part of the freedom movement there was no active participation of women. Hence, Gandhi Jee tried to emancipate women from the clutches of illiteracy and age old social evils and to generate active participation of women in the freedom movement. His weapon of non-violence succeeded in awakening the national conscience among the women of our country and resulted in eminent women political personalities like Sarojini Naidu who became the second woman president of the Indian National Congress in 1925.

Sports and physical activities must become a culture for this ultra modern. society; an almost involuntary movement, as the heart has to beat, it beats, irrespective ones desires or constraints. Similarly, sports and physical activities in this social set-up have to become to way of life, which just happens, everywhere, every-time and for everyone.

Employees play a significant role in an organization. Among all the four resources land labor, capital and machinery, employees are considered as important and effective resource. Human resource consists of skills, knowledge, abilities and qualities of an organization. Employees are the key for the success of any business. To retain the efficient people and attract experienced and skilled workers, the business should maintain good employee relationship. Thus effective employee relationship must be maintained for an effective organizational performance. Employees in the job market today are seeking comprehensive benefits & compensation packages. Moreover, if the organization does not have good employee relationship, then the competitor certainly takes the advantage of it. Employee relationship takes care of day-to-day activities in the organization, good employee relationship programs tries: 1) to reduce the anxiety of the employee, 2) improves the communication between the employees, 3) increases the employee morale and employee performance, 4) it reduces employee turnover in the organization and attracts efficient people from outside and improves the knowledge and skills required in the organization, and 5) it also helps in reducing the conflicts among the employees and maintains organization culture and improves it. It takes cares of benefit and services for the development of the employees. Employee relationship to be complete must also include employee benefit and services administration and also identification developmental needs of employees.

One of the most complex and enduring controversies in Science and Medicine is the nature – nurture debate. These are two theoretical but very strong arguments, presenting two opposing view points where hereditary and environment account for variation in health and performance.

Kofi Anna and Jaun Antonio Samaranch, Secretary General and former President of United „Nations and International Olympic Committee respectively gave a joint statement on 23rd June, 2000, on the occasion of Olympic day Observance that "The Goal of Olympic Movement is to place sport at the service of humanity, by harnessing its great potential to the global struggle for peace, prosperity and the preservation of human dignity. The objectives of the United Nations are very much the same: it strives for the peaceful settlement of disputes, social progress and better standards of life, and harmonious relations among people and nations. Indeed, the United National General Assembly has repeatedly recognized the natural affinity between Olympic Ideals and those enshrined in the United Nations Charter and, in that spirit, has urged all member States to abide by the Olympic Truce".

Female tobacco workers are suffering from work related musculoskeletal disorders, facing severe health effects leading to deleterious health problems. Work related musculoskeletal disorders are pain full conditions of muscle tendons and nerves. This health conditions is mainly because repetitive body movements and awkward body postures. These working conditions lead to pain in various body parts at rest. Standing for prolonged period in static postures, bending, twisting of body, duration of work and inadequate rest are the causes for Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Present work describes various musculoskeletal disorders in female tobacco process workers as per age group and years of working. Subjects were compared with control of similar socio economic status and age. The present study explores the effect of work related musculoskeletal disorders in female tobacco workers.

The term "Journal" means a daily record, as of occurrences or observations. It includes a newspaper especially a daily one, a periodical or magazine published for a learned society. In the words of the American Journalists G.F.Mott, "The press is a full fledged institution in our modern world, and the various media utilized by the press are generally called by Journals and now professionally united under the common name of Journalism”. “Navasakthi” a leading Tamil Journal was started in 1920 by Thiru. Vi. Kalyanasundara mudaliar, popularly called as Thiru Vi. Ka. His nick name was ‘Tamil Tendril’- Tendril means (breeze from the south) as he was affectionately called by the Tamil world. He was a lover of Tamil language and our Nation, his editorials were pungent and fervent. The main aim of Navasakthi was to propagate the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and to inspire the people to fight for our Independence. This Tamil Journal Navasakthi offered a scope to express his sentiments to the cause of nationalism through his appeals.

When the British occupied the South India and formed Madras Presidency, the Tamil region came under their control. Madras was the headquarters of the British administrators. When the British rule was firmly established, they felt the need of the educated Indians to run the administration. As the Brahmins were the traditional elite class, they fulfilled the needs of the British Administrators, serving in various administrative posts of the British Government in the Madras Presidency including the Tamil region. The elite Brahmins even surpassed the ability of the British administrators and spearheaded the National Movement of the Indians. The rise of the Brahmins was considered a real threat to the continuance of the British rule in Madras Presidency. Hence the British civil servants exposed the preponderance of the Brahmins in the public, judicial , educational and administrative fields in Madras Presidency. Even though the Brahmins were the microscopic minority people, they influence the macroscopic majority population. The statistical data provided by the British civil servants pave the way for the birth of the Non-Brahmin Movement and the dawn of the Justice Party in 1917. When the NonBrahmin Justice party was dominated by the caste –Hindus, the backward non-Brahmins began to fight for reservation to the backward non-Brahmins in public recruitments. These events coincided with origin and conglomeration of the Backward Classes in Tamil Region.

This paper ascertains that the symbols of India in American children’s representations in their books which interprets the fundamental imageries of the Indian immigrates and its influence on children’s identifications. This analysis explores the vital characteristics like headings, pictures, and transcripts. This discovers the identification of an established principal subjects: landscape and wildlife, scarcity and adversity and facetiousness and corporate intellect perspicacity. It is to suggest that Eurocentric magnificent principles sustain to enlighten the origination of Margin, gender, and nation in U.S. children’s books. Indeed, the books analyzed maintain popular expectations about India, dictated by colonial stereotypes, the embarrassment in forthcoming multiculturalism in America, in addition to the concept of the “further” communally, temporally, and spatially detached from the “here and now.” The precarious research in the children’s books affirm the view of a one-way history of advancement, expansion, and innovativeness of Western society in their destructive reflect descriptions, immobility, underdevelopment, and custom in the “other” world, in the case of country like India.

Exchange Rate Pass Through (ERPT) in India is a crucial aspect in determining growth and inflation of the nation. In a globalised era, where India is deeply integrated in to the world economy, exchange rate affects inflation through various channels. This paper uses Johanson’s Co-integration Analysis to gauge the impact of exchange rate on domestic price level, by controlling for GDP, food inflation, oil price and interest rate. The study finds that though in the short-run there is considerable price stickiness, in the long run, the price level adjusts by almost 74%.

In this era of liberalization, the so called “culture of the fast buck” dominates the business world. Consequently fraud has become a common phenomenon that has affected almost all continents and all sectors of the economy. The offenders have not only swindled millions and billions of money but shook the very base of business, finance and accounts.

Religion is a kind of thread which set the society or community. And to understand the religion, one fine way is religious customs of any religion. George Galloway divides the religion into three i.e., Tribal religion, National religion and Universal religion. Tribal religious life is not separated or departmentalized from social, economical, moral and political life, it is all in one. Moralization of the gods and movement towards the monotheism are the main feature of National Religion. Else the process of individualizing and the monotheism is the main feature of Universal Religion. There is no doubt that the religious tradition of Borok aborigines is fall under the classification of Tribal Religion. However it is observed that there are some features of National religion in the Borok aborigines’ religious customs. The Borok are the group of peoples whose mother tongue or first language is Kokborok. Borok’s religious custom is Tribal Religion because they believed in Polydamonism, the worship of many spirits. They worships river, earth, hills, forest etc. basically they are animist and nature-worshipers. Yet there are some features of National Religion and some hidden possibilities of Universal Religion in their religious customs.

With the announcement of demonetization on 8th November, 2016 by the Govt. of India a huge cash crunch was observed as majority of the people in India depends on cash transactions to a large extend. Although the main aim of this move was to curb the black money but the government also kept an eye towards less cash economy by promoting digital transaction in the country. RBI and the Government in India is making several efforts to promote the use of digital payment devices through limiting the use of cash in the economy and demonetization is one of such major initiatives. The consequences of demonetization has experienced by many people during the first three to four months from the day of such declaration and in most cases it was very unfavorable such as making queue in front of ATMs for withdrawal, ATMs were dried up of currency and so on. This kind of post demonetization situation made cash transaction more complex in India. In the meantime, the Govt. made an attempt to popularize digital transaction and people started to deal with this for their day to day transactions. This paper is an attempt to study the impact of demonetization on the digital transaction through the usage of credit card and debit card. Data from RBI have been used for the study. This study will help to know the picture of the transactions done digitally pre and post demonetization.

Past couple of years has witnessed an unprecedented surge of innovation in various segments and transformation in many business areas in global and Indian travel and tourism industry. The global economic slowdown pushed industry players to look for new avenues to bolster the bottom lines and also provide more value add ions to end customers in order to give them a good reason to travel. Innovation has become the key to success in this age and for Indian travel sector innovation has been mainly in the form of going niche. Coastal and Beach Tourism forms one of the most important segments of a tropical country like India. Beach tourism is the largest segment used by the inbound tourists from western countries as well as domestic tourists. Locations such as Goa, Kovalam, Puri, Mahabalipuram, Pondicherry, etc. are extremely popular and well marketed. Karnatakas coastal tourism is still at its infancy. Karnataka coastline is 320 km long where 8 main rivers drain into it – Nethravati, the Gurupur, Udiyavara, Mulki and Pavange, Sita and Swarna, Haladi, Chakra, Kollur and Baindur. So therefore this study makes an attempt to examine different economic and social variables influencing demand for Adventure Tourism and also to analyses the significance of health and safety issues in the operations and management of Adventure Tourism in Coastal Karnataka.

India is currently the largest manufacturer of pesticides and the second largest producers of agrochemicals in Asia, out of 145 pesticides registered in India, 85 are of technical grade and are locally produced. Multiple cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in India causing Deaths mostly among farmers. This cross sectional study was conducted among the farmers of different villages in Yavatmal district during the period of 25th September 2017 to 15th February 2018 to know the root cause of pesticide poisoning. From this survey based analysis it was evident that most of the reported health effects were observed due to lack of knowledge about safe handling of pesticides. Although farmers had awareness about the danger of pesticides, but no protective measure were used by them, which proved to be the main reason behind inhalation and contact poisoning.

India has around 7516.6 Km (4671 miles) of natural peninsular coastline strategically located on the critical East- West trade route this connect Europe and Far East, with 12 major ports and about 180 minor and intermediate ports. Most of the major ports were established in the last few decades after independence. This major tries to analyze total container traffic, trend and compound growth rate analysis and forecasting of the same.

Special Education programs are designed for those students who are mentally, physically, socially and/or emotionally delayed. The special education teacher in today’s schools plays a very critical role in the proper education of exceptional students. If the teachers have professional values and are satisfied with their teaching and life, they can do a lot to up-lift the standards of education in schools. The purpose of the study was to identify the life satisfaction of teachers working in special school in the Southern Districts of Tamilnadu. The present study has employed normative survey method. Life Satisfaction Scale prepared and validated by the investigator was used for measuring life satisfaction of teachers working in special schools. The tool consisted of 40 items from four selected areas of life satisfaction. The findings of the study revealed significant difference in marital status, nature of school among teachers. The study recommended the teachers working in special schools to attend in-service program that help them to regulate their emotions and control them in order to have a satisfied life.

Women are in subjugated position in various socio-political structures in Tamilnadu a state considered having radical society in culture and politics among Indian states. Inspite of the emancipations achieved through education and cultural renaissance happened in recent past, gender bias persists across the society among all stratified communities. The International commission for Women has categorized the violence’s against women into few types. Almost all the categories of violence’s are found prevalent in Tamilnadu. The increasing socialization of women through opportunities emerged in economic and political spheres during the last few decades starting from 1990’s have unfortunately recorded with concomitant impact on increasing violence’s against them. The conventional problems of women in society and family had been surpassed by problems for women in working place and public spheres at present. Similarly the state and society as perpetrators of crime against women have been recorded high than the domestic violence’s a recent trend in gender question. Hence the subaltern position of women has been reinvigorated at a new phase of socio-cultural condition. This paper try explains the depth of the crisis through providing statistical data related to the last decade of 20th century. The data are observed from government publications and news reports. In-depth interviews with victims also have been used as primary data collection method. Structured questionnaires are prepared to gather information from the victims. The analysis highlights the increase in the number of incidents comparing to the previous decades.

The present research article is an attempt to probe and analyse the historical background of Indian Bureaucracy and its role towards development administration with special reference to the weaker sections of people. It may well be pointed out that the development administration is an action oriented and goal oriented administration. It is an innovative administration acquainting new skills and new ideas to encourage change and growth. It indicates a willingness to take risks in order to encourage change and growth. It attempts to change the socio-economic condition of weaker sections of people and promotes growth in their condition. It emphasizes on group performance and intergroup collaboration rather than on individual performance. Along with this individual roles are continuously changing under the development administration as the structures are shaped and reshaped according to goal requirements. It involves employing of trained manpower and improving the existing skill of the staff, using of sophisticated aids to decision-making and adopting empirical approach to problem solving as well as emphasizing on problem finding. It is thus development administration functions in a rapidly changing environment and also strives to contribute to change the environment itself. In this context it may be pointed out that it involves an interdisciplinary campaign looking for new functions and new dimensions, having flexibility, innovativeness, dynamism, participation and goal orientation as its basic elements.

Thiruvaiyaru is situated 13 kms northwards from Thanjavour. It is being watered and irrigated by the river Kaveri. The place has three greatness namely the God Murthi, the place and the holy water. It is one among the 276 places situated north of Kaveri which have been cited in the Devaram songs. There are 18 Devarapathikam sung in praise of this place. Moreover it is praised for its sanctity by the great sages like. The great Saiva Saints by Appar, Sambanthar, Sundarar and Manikavasagar, Pattinathar, IyaratigalKadavarkon, Arunagirinathar, Ramalinga Adigalar and Sri Thyagarajar have also sung about this place and called as Thiruvaiyaru considered equal to Kasi. The place claims as the only “Mukthi Mandapa” where people like Nandi Devar, Mahavishnu and Agasthiyar received the religious counsel and were able to attain “Mukthi”. The Sthala Purana says that if one goes to pray the ‘Panjaksara’ mantra in this “Mukthi Mandapa” he will get high benefits.Kodahanallur Sri Sundara Swamigal, Arutprahaasa Vallalar and Thyaharajar have also stayed in this abode for many days and prayed the Lord here. Aim of the research paper is to carryout the significant history of Thiruvaiyaru Temple.

The purpose of the study is to provide an understanding of knowledge sharing behaviour among academics in higher educational institutions and its impact on academic performance. Besides, the study aims to know the impact of KM Environment on relation between knowledge sharing behaviour and their academic performance. The sample, consisting of 136 Assistant Professors from various Arts and Science Colleges in Marthandam, selected using convenient technique from non-probability sampling. The data were collected by means of questionnaires and the collected data put into analyses through structural equation modelling through AMOS software. The major findings of the present paper are – there is a positive relationship between individual knowledge sharing behaviour and academic performance. The performance is further enhanced when the knowledge management environment influences the knowledge sharing behaviour. Therefore, when the knowledge management environment is given priority by the college, the performance of the teaching faculty could be improved.

Empowerment is one of the main procedure and concerns on addressing human rights and development. The term women empowerment refers to the increasing of the spiritual, social, political and economic strength of all women. A Self Help Group is an informal association to enhance the financial security as primary focus and other common interest of members such as area development, awareness, motivation, leadership, training and associating in other social inter-mediation programmes for the benefit of the entire community.

A pressing issue, raising questions on the existence of humanity, is Climate change. Education is considered as the impeccable weapon to address environmental problems as it trains the mind of youth to think critically and act proactively to discharge their responsibilities towards one another and the planet. Due to immense reach of education, education is laden with the responsibility of deliberating on economic, social and environmental issues. Is it possible for the education sector to effectively address the issues in disintegrated manner and bring substantial changes/improvements? Or, can we the EDUCATIONALISTS work towards building a sustainable society by adopting action orientated integrated approaches with actionable results?

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a severe, chronic development disorder, involving marked retardation of aptitudes for social interaction, communication and play (APA, 2002). Some activities are biologically driven or reflexive. But for the most part, the activity occurs because it serves a function and/or produces an outcome. Eating serves the function of satisfying hunger, and covering our ears softens the impact of the loud noise. Seeing someone cover his ears, even when did not find a noise to be offensive, can communicate that they are particularly sensitive to sound. Children on the autism spectrum see and process the world differently than children who don’t. Children with autism don’t always behave as the same way. Autism may present with more characters than others. Person with ASD doing different activities such as making odd noises, repeating phrases over and over, closing and opening doors in a repetitive fashion, might not be dangerous or destructive. And when the individual is told to stop again and again but still doesn’t, those little things can lead to big things. They may also have a harder time in socializing and understanding social cues than other children. The parents, teachers and their classmates are how can help them without knowing what autism is, or without knowing how to stop the activities. Before the identification of autism among children, it needs thorough knowledge of the nature and activities of ASDs. The peculiar characteristics of ASD can be changed through proper training. This paper explains about the characteristics of children with ASD with evidence of reviews.

The present study is conducted to examine the teaching competency profile of school teachers with respect to their gender and types of school. The five teaching competencies considered in the study are planning, presentation, closing evaluation and managerial. The multiple stage random sampling technique is used to collect data from a sample of 60 teachers of Mahendragarh. The questionnaire developed by B.K. Paasi and M.S. Lalita is used in the study. It is concluded on the basis of data that the teaching competencies of teachers don’t differ with respect to their gender (male and female) and type of school (government school and private school). However, a pattern has been observed in the performance of teachers under dimensions of teaching competency. The teachers have shown average performance (lower margin of average score) under planning and presentation skills and have shown high performance in managerial skills and the performance in closing and evaluation skills is above average.

Volleyball, an extremely popular team sports, belongs to a group of receiving sports played on teams. Two teams stand on opposite sides of a court divided into two equal parts by a net. The standard court dimensions (9m x 18), net, height (2.24 m or 2.43m) and the number of players (6 x 6) may be towards actual player development or to meet the needs of particulars groups.

MSMEs play a notable role in economic and social development, thereby providing flip to entrepreneurship, as they have inherent features of being innovative and responsive to changing market changing aspects. Here, definitions of entrepreneurship means typically focus on the launching and running of businesses, due to the high risks involved in it. There are so many institutes and organizations which are involved in entrepreneurship development activities and there are people who join these programmes as a stepping stone to become entrepreneur, but in the midst of all these system, MSMEs by giving real platform tries to promote entrepreneurial opportunity. As per the study it is certain that MSMEs are tower of strength to create entrepreneurs pool and such entrepreneurs could play a vital role in the development of the economy. In the process of its growth certainly help to create big entrepreneurs in the system. MSMEs are providing a huge platform to build sound business venture.

Amitav Ghosh, a Bengali Indian Author is mostly known for his award winning novels. The Glass Palace, The Shadow Lines, Sea of Poppies, In An Antique Land, and The Hungry Tide. The Calcutta Chromosome is one of his important novels and award winning works of science fiction. Ghosh is well known for his interest in the Indian colonial history and the contribution of the English language in the postcolonial world. In The Calcutta Chromosome he points towards an “alternative” history that makes me interested to work on this book. Ghosh’s writing style is very much inspired by the other Bengali Indian writers such as Rabindranath Tagore or Phanishwar Nath Renu. His childhood was spent in Calcutta and his representation of the geographical picture of Calcutta in the novel The Calcutta Chromosome is also influenced by his personal experiences.

The game volley ball is an excellent all round team sport and has been widely accepted as a highly competitive and recreational game throughout the world volleyball is a game played indoors or outdoors by teams whose members seek to scare points in the course of hitting a ball back and forth across a net. Volleyball according to authorized sources was invented by William g. Morgan in 1895 when he was physical direction for the Y.M.C.A in Holyoke. His object was a game too strenuous in nature that world is suitable for men.

The study lime lights the effectiveness of Experiential Learning in Learning Science at Diploma in Elementary Education. Objectives of the study: 1.To find out the problems of conventional methods in learning Science.2.To find out the significant difference in achievement mean score between the pre test of control group and the post test of control group.3.To find out the significant difference in achievement mean score between the pre test of Experimental group and the post test of Experimental group.4.To find out the impact of Experiential Learning in Learning Science at D.El.Ed.. Methodology: Parallel group Experimental method was adopted in the study. Sample: Sixty pupils of studying in Diploma in Elementary Education from Andavar Teacher Training Institute, Poravachery were selected as sample for the study. Thirty students were considered as Controlled group and another thirty were considered as Experimental group. Tool: Researcher’s self-made achievement test was used as a tool for the study. An achievement test consisted of twenty five questions. Reliability:Under this study, the reliability had been computed using test-retest method and the calculated value comes to 0.82. The value is quite significant and implies that the tools adopted were reliable. Hence the reliability was established for the study. Validity:The expert opinion of the co staff was obtained before freezing the design of the tools. Subject experts and experienced teachers were requested to analyse the tool. Their opinions indicated that the tool had content validity. Findings:1.In the pre-test, students score 21% marks in learning Science through conventional method and the Experimental group students score 79% marks. It shows the Experiential Learning in Learning Science at Diploma in Elementary Education.

The most important feature in the history of the S.P.G. was the introduction of Medical Mission. Nazareth was the village mission station of the S.P.G. Medical mission was introduced in Nazareth under the superintendence of Rev. Strachan. The first missionary work done by Strachan was setting up of a hospital. After the opening of the Tirunelveli – Tiruchendur railway in 1924 the work in the hospital was more strenuous. This made Nazareth more easily assessable from other villages. No gift in cash or kind was accepted by any member of the staff including the menials. Rev. Margoschis was the only European clergyman who had been in for twenty-seven years and in 1900 the viceroy made him a member of the order of the Kaisar-i-Hind as a recognition of his service to India.St. Lukes hospital, Nazareth was in the pinnacle of glory in providing medical service to the people for more than forty villages around Nazareth. People big and small, rich and poor, irrespective of caste or creed thronged the hospital for treatment. It was the second home for a few affluent people from Alwarthirunagari and Kayalpatnam.

The primary responsibility of a person, according to existentialists, is to define life from his choice of decisions. All the human beings have freedom to choose decisions from the unlimited choices. Choices have the ability to change the course of life. Existentialists believe that in the world of meaninglessness only the choices we make define the purpose of our existence. Novels of Rohinton Mistry consciously drive the characters to make certain decisions in their novels. The kind of choices they make actually fails to lead them to a state of happiness. Instead of that, they are forced to lead pitiable conditions but they never allow someone to define their life. In Such a Long Journey, Gustad is given a chance to accept the request of Bilimoria. After a long oscillation, Gustad finally succumbs to the snare of friendship. The decision changes the entire course of his life. Such a long Journey captures the life of Gustad and how his decision is directly connected to the fate of other characters. Unlike the first novel, the second novel of Mistry, A Fine Balance, aims to capture the fate of the four main characters and the way their life changes upside down because of their decisions in the crucial time of India. Besides, all of his characters in the novels can be treated with existentialistic dimensions.

Technology is the key to the vision of a Digital India. Social Media, Mobility, Analytics and Cloud are the foundations that will enable the Digital India visions of providing “governance and services on demand” and “digitally empowering citizens” and support the social inclusion schemes being launched by the government. The digitization has a proven impact on economy and society by reducing unemployment, improving quality of life, and boosting access to knowledge and other public services. The Digital India drive is a dream project of the Indian Government to remodel India into a knowledgeable economy and digitally empowered society, with good governance for citizens. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the flagship programmes launched and monitored under the Digital India initiatives. An attempt has been made in this paper to understand Digital India – as a campaign where technologies and connectivity will come together to make an impact on all aspects of governance and improve the quality of life of citizens.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of human resource management in educational administration. An intensive study was conducted on some educational institutions having effective working of human resource management and some lacking the involvement of human resource management. All the heads of the various departments of the selected educational institutions were interviewed and infrastructure, enrollment performance of teachers and performance of students; all recorded for the purpose of data collection. The data is analyzed using percentage as statistic. The result of the findings revealed that human resource management has very important role in the educational administration and it ensures human resources undergo different forms of training. The result also revealed that the performance of human resources has a great influence on students’ academic performance. It was concluded that school personnel should undergo training and attend regular workshops and seminars. Also the performance of human resources has considerable effects on students’ academic performance. The researcher therefore recommended that the human resources in educational institutions who are not trained professional staff should be advised to go for in-service training to acquire the required teaching skills. They should be made to understand the importance of appropriate teaching methods for specific subject areas as they help the staff perform more effectively.

Mobile internet has altered the way in which the mobile users communicate. The gadget that was once used to make wireless calls and send texts messages today, allows its users to perform multifaceted tasks like mobile banking or video calls that simplify life. Internet could be a boon or a bane to mobile phone users depending on the level of dependencies that users have over their mobile phones. The dependencies on mobile phones in the urban community especially amongst the youth is high and several research works has proven that mobile phone addiction is a real concern amongst this population. Since, mobile phone anxieties and addictions are a real problem, the issue needs to be analysed at various levels. This paper examines the uses and dependencies of mobile phones among professors in Bengaluru. This study is relevant in learning about the impact of phones use in various aspects of life – both personal and professional and to understand if smart phones have transformed their lives. To do so, interview and survey was conducted over 108 professors in Bengaluru urban district. The results of the study contribute to gaining insights about mediated learning and its impact on diverse population.

The present study was aimed to find out the relationship between academic procrastination and scholastic achievement of institutionalised children at secondary level. Survey method conducted on a stratified random sample consists of 600 institutionalised children in various districts of Kerala. Data was analysed by using r-value. Result found that there is significant negative relationship between academic procrastination on scholastic achievement of institutionalised children at secondary level.

Women empowerment is considered the key aspect of socio economic development throughout the world. SHG is one of the most important approaches for women empowerment and development and it is practiced in various countries of the world---USA, UK, India, etc. This paper aimed at investigating the roles of SHGs in empowering rural Dale women. To explicitly examine this, the study looks into activities, benefits and challenges of the groups. Methodologically the study is based on qualitative approach. purposive sampling method was used to gather pertinent information from informants. The research is cross-sectional in terms of its data versus time, and descriptive in type. The major subjects of the study are Awada rural women self help group members. Apart from intensive uses of secondary data, in-depth interview, structured observation, small group discussions and case studies were used as major tools to generate pertinent first hand information from informants. The study depicted that the scheme of micro financing through SHGs in Awada kebele has brought about economic power to the hands of women and has considerably reduced their dependence on men. This has helped in empowering women and building their self confidence, enabling them to think and act independently, and to value their dignity and participation in decision-making at family and community levels.

The presents study explored the citation analysis of Doctorial Theses submitted to the Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra in the Department of Education during the period of 2011-2018. Findings of the study revealed that ranked highest as the most Contemporary Indian and Education research subject area, while was the least research Information and Communication Technologies subject area. Books and monographs were cited more than other forms of library materials in the theses analysed. Similarly, out of the 4510 journals cited, 77 were identified as the most frequently cited. Most of the works cited by the researchers falls between 2009 and 2018.

The present study is based on analytical in nature. The information related to the deposits, share capital, reserves and total assets of the DCC Banks in Salem have been taken into the present study. The data used in this study is secondary in nature which was collected from Annual and Audit reports of DCCB, Salem and report of National Federation of State Cooperative Banks Ltd. The study has been carried out to reveals the sources of funds used by the DCCBs for mobilizing the required funds and also to examine whether the growth of deposits accompanied by similar growth of owned funds and the total assets of the DCC Banks. By using the statistical tools namely Annual Growth Rate, Mean, Percentage etc., it is found that the bank had mobilized majority of funds through deposits from the general public and it had focused more on loan funds instead of share capital and deposits in order to balance the required funds. The trend line of Deposit to Total Assets Ratio shows that the deposits as a percentage of total assets has been increased significantly during the period 2013-14 which indicates that the bank mobilized the deposits with low cost in order to increase the return on assets. Further, the deposits to Owned Funds Ratio illustrates less fluctuation which indicates that the bank spent less cost, by means of brokerage and incentive, on mobilizing deposits from the members.

Work performance is an essential characteristic of organisational behaviour directly related to the production of goods and the delivery of services. Both the effort and the outcome comprise the good performance. People in organisations learn from the consequences of their actions. As the nurses performance improves, tasks become easier. The nurses performance is influenced by the personal characteristics like skills and abilities, personality, attitudes as well as the environmental factors such as the occupational stress. The nurse performs tasks using the knowledge he acquired. When he uses the knowledge effectively, he attains a feeling of fulfillment. Thus satisfied nurses will soon contribute to their hospital, by way of giving training and sharing their past experiences to the new nurses and giving suggestions for innovations and development of their skills. Because of all these they receive higher performance ratings. The present study made an find out the Occupational Stress among Primary Health Centre Nurses (PHC) in Chennai. In the present investigation a sample of 147 nurses were selected randomly. Primary data were collected from the respondents using questionnaire developed by researcher. After collecting the data, they were coded using Microsoft excel. The data were analysed in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) ANOVA, Regression, and Correlation analysis were applied to test the hypotheses.

Education is one of the core aspects of the development of any country. Despite of all challenges and limitation India has achieved to reach up to the maximum rural area. In India, rural area is still struggling for an access and quality of education. Government is taking efforts to reach maximum number of students in rural area by providing the various schemes and programmes. Annual studies form the ASER has raised the issue of poor quality of education. In the quality education school plays important role as well as parents involvement in the same has also key importance. In rural are a level of literacy is low and that affects on the involvement of the parents in education of children. To contribute effectively to child development, the school and local community have to work in unison. To monitor the school activities there are a school management committees in primary schools of Zilla Parishad. To improve the quality of education these school management committees has to monitor and suggest possible remedies to the teachers of the school. The present study is descriptive in nature and has been conducted with an objective to know the status of school going children and parent’s attitude and involvement in the education. The study has been conducted in the Sawarde village of Shahuwadi taluka of Kolhapur district. Census survey method used for the collection of primary data. Primary data has been collected from 81 respondents by using structured interview schedule. Informal discussion with the teacher also gives insights of the issue. The present research paper argues that still the parents are not serious and their attitude towards the education of their children is casual. It has also been found that awareness and involvement of parents in meetings of school management committee is poor.

Quality of education is determined by the quality of teachers. It is said that education reflects the value of the society. Education is an important social activity, and its importance cannot be minimized. For this reason, teachers play a special role in the society (Hadley, 1985). Teacher is the heart of nation building. Their professional preparation, disposition and commitment are critical for promoting excellence in higher education (Saroha, 1993). To enhance the quality of a teacher, one must know who he/she is, and have understanding of oneself. The knowledge of oneself is one of the most important factors in the profession of teaching. The quality of a teacher is judged by his or her work and behavior which depends mostly on ones capacity to adjust him or herself with the environment. It is evident that the socio-economic status plays an important role in the process of self-concept. Generally learners differ in their self- concept and in their socioeconomic status as well. To a very great extent these two are correlated in the learning process. Some of them are very high and some are very low in their performance in any self-concept test oriented activity. The kind and type of facilities will vary from one family to other as permitted by the individual’s socioeconomic status. This article investigates the effect of families’ socioeconomic status on the self-concept development of teacher trainees. The data was collected using a questionnaire from 200 teacher trainees in Pondicherry region. Standardized tools were used to collect the relevant information. The findings suggest that the families’ socioeconomic status influence self-concept development. This was found using necessary statistical analyses. Findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between socio-economic status and selfconcept.

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: Rearing a Normal, typically developing child is stressful for many parents. It could be even more stressful when raising a child with developmental disability like Autism. The present study aims to compare Quality of life (QoL) and Burden of care (BoC) between mothers and fathers of autistic and normal children. It is hypothesized that there is significant difference between mothers and fathers of autistic and normal children on QoL and BoC. METHOD: The total sample comprised of 225 parents; 107 parents of autistic children and 118 parents of normal children. The scales used are Psychological Well-Being scale by Dr. Carol Ryff, and Burden Assessment Schedule (BAS) by Dr. R. Thara et al. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: The results show that there is no significant difference between fathers and mothers of Autistic children (t= 0.38, p > 0.1 and t= -0.41, p > 0.1) on Qol and BoC respectively and there is no significant difference between fathers and mothers of Normal children ( t= .64, p > 0.1 and t= -0.35, p > 0.1) on Qol and BoC respectively. IMPLICATIONS: Although there is wide conceptual and theoretical understanding on the need to determine Qol and BoC of Parents of Autistic and Normal Children, little empirical data is available to support these propositions especially in Indian context. Hence the present study is an attempt to explore the Qol and BoC of Parents of Autistic and Normal Children.

Time-on-task refers to portions of time during which students are paying attention to a learning task and attempting to learn. Carroll’s work is widely regarded as the beginning of modem inquiry into the effects of time factors in the learning process. His major premise was that school learning is a function of time. The purpose of the study is to investigate that impact of time-on-task on achievement in science. The study is as an experimental with quasi-experimental design with two Experimental groups and one Control group. 173 ninth grade students constituted the sample for the study. In order to measure academic achievement, ability, SES suitable tools have been used. Researcher developed observation schedule and lesson plans. Descriptive statistics and ANCOVA were used to analyze the data. The study revealed many interesting findings. The most prominent finding is achievement gain scores of experimental groups (E1 & E2) are higher than the achievement gain scores of control group. The performance of the group taught by direct instruction is better than the students in conventional method of teaching.

The objective of this research paper is to examine internal and external factors which play an important role in buying washing machine. Washing Machine, which comes under consumer durable has become necessity now a days where leading companies are investing huge money in research just to satisfy their customers. This research will help Marketer to understand consumer behavior while they evaluate and make a final decision of buying Washing machines. This research is conducted in Lucknow city.

Intellectual property (IP) contributes enormously to our national and state economies. Dozens of industries across our economy rely on the adequate enforcement of their patents, trademarks, and copyrights, while consumers use IP to ensure they are purchasing safe, guaranteed products. We believe IP rights are worth protecting, both domestically and abroad. IP rights facilitate the free flow of information by sharing the protected know-how critical to the original, patented invention. In turn, this process leads to new innovations and improvements on existing ones. Since research and development are high among Engineering College students as research is part of their academic completion, awareness on IPR is inevitable. Hence an attempt is made in this paper to anise the extent of awareness on IPR and its related concepts among them.

The year 1885 symbols an era in the history of education in Travancore. When His highness Maharaja Moolam Tirunal ascended the throne, there were besides the college 22 Government English schools including the Sirkar Girls School, the number of Government language schools was and the aided language schools 628 in addition to which there were also 158, schools simply getting inspection without grant. The educational policy pursued by his highness Maharaja Sree Moolam Tirunal is best described in the words of Maharaja spoken on the time of the annual prize distribution in the college. “There is no doubt that education has made great strides Travancore under the wise and liberal policy of my memorable predecessors, a policy of which it has been my serious Endeavour to develop Five periods of progress, the first from 1885-1892, the second from 1892 – 1900, the third from 1901-1907, the fourth from 1908 -1912 and the fifth from 1913 to the present day.

According to UNESCO (1976), “Environmental education is a way of implementing goal of environmental protection through education”. It is not a separate branch of science (or) field of study. It should be carried out according to the principles of lifelong education”. Environmental education includes three broad aspects; Education for the environment; Education through environment; and Education about the environment.

A historical review of the educational efforts of the government and the private institutions prior to independence and after, is attempted herewith to highlight the different policy changes and reforms that helped the educational development in Kerala and also to point out the major objectives of education. During the initial phase of educational expansion, education got its prominence for its intrinsic worthiness and played the role of explanation and empowerment. Government initiatives through the policy changes and educational reforms facilitated the process of educational expansion in Kerala. This also paved the way for social interventions in education and education became a social process.

In the present 21st century era, the term sustainable development and sustainability had become a buzzword across the globe. The business organizations and management education institutions are both not left aside by the deep impact of various sustainability related issues on the economic and social wellbeing of people living in our society. To end poverty, safeguard our planet and ensure fortune for all; the United Nations also came up with 17 Sustainable Development Goals in the year 2015. The premier management education institutions in India are also playing a very significant role in dealing with various issues related to sustainable development and also in bringing positive changes in the society by embracing and practicing various sustainability initiatives within their institutions. This paper examines and presents an overview of various sustainability initiatives undertaken by premier management education institutions in India. The results of the study show that although premier management institutions in India are acting as beacon of change in our society in terms of carrying out various sustainability initiatives but still there is huge scope for perfection and progression.

The early period of the Indian National Congress was the period of moderates. The credits for organizing the first meeting of the Indian National Congress goes to A.O. Hume. He was a retired government officers who had chosen to stay back in India after retirement. According to him, the middle class educated people should come forward to guide the nation. The speeches of A.O. Hume which were addressed to the graduates of the university inspired the educated Indians to form the Indian National Union in 1884. In his speech, he urging the scholers to form an association for the mental, moral, social and political regeneration of the people of India.

Caste system has been unique to Indian sub continent. It has been in existing in India since ages. Many social reformers like Ambedkar, Jyothi ba Phule, Ramaswamy Naicker tried to reform, if not, annihilate the caste system but their efforts bore no fruits.This can be partly due to low social development in the country and primarily because Indian are deeply religious. However, lot has changed in twenty first century, but still caste system has strong hold in the country. This paper mainly aims to illustrate the factors responsible for persistence of caste system in India. For example Ascriptive in nature; The Urge for Domination; Theory of Karma and Hegemony; Societal Pressure; Not highlighted at the International level; Initial, Constitutional approval led to its Perpetuation; Politicization of caste; Indian administration controlled by Brahmins; Media; Religious conversions, no solution.

Tripura, a small hilly state, is situated in the southern most part of North-East India. It is a landlocked state and its geographical limits touch International boundaries with Bangladesh and national boundaries with Assam and Mizoram. The total area of state comprises only 10491 km.

The investigator thought of students time-on-task as one variable, which could be altered by some instructional models or strategies. The Direct instruction model of teaching has operationalized engaged time or time-on-task and specifically indicates the type of learning activities to be provided at every phase of its syntax. Here the teacher plans proactively and is more concerned with teaching effectiveness and therefore is perceived to be more concerned with teacher accountability. The study is as an experimental work quasiexperimental design consisting of two Experimental groups and one Control group. 173 ninth grade students constituted the sample for the study. In order to measure academic achievement, ability, SES suitable tools have been used. Researcher developed observation schedule and lesson plans. Descriptive statistics and ANCOVA technique were used to analyze the data. The study resulted in several findings which have form implications on attitude towards science. The most prominent finding is Direct instruction is significantly more effective than the conventional method of teaching in terms of its effect on students’ attitude towards science.

Urban periphery means the edge or outskirts of a city or urban area. There is a strong contrast of land use between the urban core and the periphery. There is some markable character in land use with some problems. If the land use of urban periphery will be sustainable it will consume a maximum part of problems in a city region.

This article establishes a relationship between Emotional Intelligence & Decision Making in Organizations. Managers make decisions in an environment of uncertainty and risk and they really muddle through such as environment by making decisions which are partly rational and partly sub-rational and sometimes even irrational. The emotions which directly affect on day to day life are happiness, fear, anger, affection, shame, disgust, surprise, lust, sadness and love. Emotions are complex state of human mind involving bodily changes of widespread character such as breathing, pounding heart, flushed face etc and on the mental side a rate of excitement or perturbation marked by strong feelings. If a manager has emotional skills, it is most likely that he/she will get promoted because of good Decision Making. Emotional intelligence (EI), also known as Emotional Quotient (EQ), is the capability of individuals to recognize their own emotions and those of others discern between different feelings and label them appropriately, use emotional information to guide thinking and behavior, and manage and adjust emotions to make better decisions or achieve ones goals. This state of mental health, definitively, impacts every Decision in an Organization. Therefore, this area has attracted the attention of researcher, precisely because there is no standard method for taking an effective decision yet every decision is expected to be creative and effective. Thus, in view of the fact that, the subject invokes so much curiosity and provides so much scope to investigate Emotional Intelligence with respect to decision-making, an attempt has been made to study decision-making with Emotional Intelligence. The author developed a conceptual framework for examining the impact of EI/EQ in Decision Making in Organizations by using a questionnaire developed by Prof NK Chadha containing 15 questions and interviewing about 150 respondents.

Supportable Rural Development in India centers around addressing the necessities of the present without trading off the capacity of future ages to address their issues.The concept of sustainability is composed of three pillars: economic, environmental and social. Monetary supportability implies that choices are made in the most evenhanded and financially solid way that could be available while thinking about alternate parts of manageability. Pointless unsettling influences to nature ought to be dodged at whatever point conceivable. In the event that there is an aggravation, it ought to be moderated to the most extreme practicable degree. Social supportability depends on the idea that a choice or undertaking advances the improvement of society.

In today’s digital world, where Social Media has conquered the entire world, there is no exception for the consumers and firms too. Consumers have started to turn towards Social Media for making their buying decisions not only for luxury goods but also for FMCGs. This has made the FMCG companies to take Social Media as a major marketing tool to gear up their sales. The study aims to analyse the impact of UGC in Social Media towards fast moving consumer goods in Kanyakumari District. The study is based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected from 200 sample consumers using social media from various parts of Kanyakumari District using stratified random sampling. The study revealed that consumers are influenced by the User-Generated Contents in Social Media while making buying decisions related to FMCGs.

The term development administration intrinsically interdwined with the process of change. Here the word development is intended connote precisely the kind of planned change. That is intended in the Indian circumstance. Taken together with the concept of administration development, administration refers to the structure, organisation and organisation behaviour necessary for the scheme and programmes of socio economic and political change undertaken by the government in India. Truly development administration in the blending of all the elements and resources (Human and physical into a concerned effect to achieve agreed upon goals. It is the continuous cycle of formulating evaluating and implementing interrelated plans, policies programmes, prefects, activities and other measures to reach establishment development objectives in a scheduled time Sequence -1.

If one looks at different organizations, each appears to be unique in its own way. In some, employees pass the whole day without even a single smile, whereas, in others there is an air of bonhomie and friendliness. Some organization have employees ‘talking shop’ even during free time or lunch time in contrast with those where even during working hours there is gossiping and personal talks. Some organizations have active, dynamic and go getters as their employees whereas there are some where complacency, lethargy and conservative approach prevail. Organizational members start thinking, feeling and behaving in a similar manner. It is this which binds every organization into coherent whole and creates its unique culture.

The aim of this research article is to find out the relationship between the need factors of ix standard students and their achievement in science. In order to achieve this, the investigator used survey method. All the students studying standard IX in the secondary and higher secondary schools in Kanyakumari district formed the population of the present study. From the population, the investigator selected 774 students using simple random sampling technique. By using self-constructed tools, the researcher collected the data from the sample. Mean, Standard Deviation, ‘t’ test and Product Moment Correlation were used to analyze the data. The finding revealed that the need order of IX standard students is significantly correlated with their achievement in science. But, their need affiliation, need achievement, need change and need persistence are not significantly correlated with their achievement in science.

Two world trends are vigorously reshaping human existence: the degradation, if not destruction, of large parts of the natural world, and unprecedented technological development. Majority of the environmental, social, and moral and health issues of human life arise out of our lack of responsive, caring and compassionate disposition towards various interacting elements associated with these realms. So Scientific Sensitivity refers to individuals out look towards life. Curriculum planners, has to provide informal opportunities and experiences in order to develop Scientific Sensitivity that promotes a sense of unity between humanity and environment.

Open angle glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in the Indian context. Though there are a lot of awareness being created among the people in the recent years, there is still a lack of understanding among the people regarding open angle glaucoma. The present paper focuses on the reasons behind the occurrence and severity of open angle glaucoma and how does it affect either gender. The number of samples for the present research is 200 and they are selected non-randomly from the patients of eye Hospital, Tirunelveli. The data has been analysed using AMoS software. The findings and suggested provided in the present paper can be utilised in the prevention and cure of open angle glaucoma.

According to Binod Chaudhary-better known as the ‘Noodle King of Nepal’ ‘’There is no monopoly on wisdom by big educational institutes. I firmly believe ENTREPNEURS’ are born. There is no school on the planet which can show you business, in spite of the fact that there are courses' Entrepreneurship is the dynamic procedure of making gradual riches. This riches is made by people who expect the significant dangers as far as value, time, as well as vocation responsibility of offering some incentive for some item or administration. The item or administration itself might possibly be new or one of a kind yet esteem should by one way or another be imbued by the business visionary by anchoring and distributing the vital abilities and assets. In this way 'Entrepreneurship is a dynamic procedure of vision, change, and creation. It requires an utilization of vitality and energy towards the creation and execution of new thoughts and innovative arrangements. Basic fixings incorporate the eagerness to go out on a limb as far as time, value, or profession, capacity to figure a viable endeavor group, imaginative ability to compose required assets , the crucial expertise of building a strong field-tested strategy and, most importantly, the vision to perceive opportunity where others see disarray, logical inconsistency, and perplexity.'

The development of human resources is one of the most crucial factor in the process of economic development. According to Prof. Frederick Harbison“ Human resources constitute the ultimate basis for wealth of nations. Capital and natural resources are passive factor of Production, human beings are the active factor who accumulate capital exploit natural resources, build social,political and economic organisation and carry forward national development.” So human resource development is associated with investment in man and it is creative and productive resources.

The present study assessed superstition among national female players. This study was conducted on 200 national level female players (Ave. age 24.08 years). The chosen female players were participants of national level team and individual sport events. Purposive sampling method was used for selection of sample. To assess superstition among national female players, Superstition Scale prepared by Dubey and Dixit was used. The classification of subjects into superstitious and non-superstitious categories, were based on technique suggested in authors manual. Results reveal that majority of the national female players (82%) were superstitious while 18% were non-superstitious. It was concluded that highly uncertain outcome of the result leads national female players to superstitious rituals.

This paper is attempted to find out the relationship between Environmental pollution awareness and Environmental behavior, Environmental pollution awareness and Academic Achievement, Environmental behavior and Academic Achievement. It is a descriptive correlation study. Researchers conducted a survey on 346 sample students from college level. Two sets of questionnaire were framed for data collection. One questionnaire for measuring the Environmental pollution awareness, which consists of 25 multiple choice type questions from six dimension of pollution. Another questionnaire for measuring the Environmental behavior consists of 25 questions from six dimensions. The validity and reliability were checked by appropriate methods. Researchers constructed 15 null hypotheses for this study. Product moment method was used for estimating the correlation among different variables. After data analysis, researchers finally found positive correlation between Environmental awareness and Academic Achievement. Six null hypotheses found significant out of 15.

Christianity was brought into India by St.Thomas, an apostle of Jesus Christ in 52 A.D. By calling themselves as St.Thomas Christians and Syrian Christian, they occupied the highest position in Kerala where they played an active role as agriculturists, traders and soldiers in the army. They enjoyed many rights and privileges from the rulers. They were noted for their adoption to the customs and manners of the native people. When the Portuguese arrived on the Malabar Coast following the discovery of sea route to India by Vasco da Gama in 1498 A.D. they were welcomed by the St.Thomas Christians. There arose enmity between them, due to the Synod of Diamper which was convened in 1599 A.D to Latinize the St. Thomas Christians. Following St. Thomas many religious Orders came to India for the spreading of the Gospel to the natives. Among them, the Jesuits contributed much for the propagation of Christianity. But active propagation began only after the arrival of the Jeuits. St. Francis Xavier, Robert de Nobili, John de Britto and Constantine Beschi were the most important Jesuits who contributed a lot to the expansion of Christianity in India. They followed their own methods to convert the people into Christianity. The adoption method was followed by Robert de Nobili, the founder of the Madurai Mission. The methods adopted in the Madurai Mission attracted a huge number of people and they become Christians and contributed a lot to the society.

India has had a long history with various savings schemes. Amongst all the schemes one of the most popular and widely used savings schemes are chit funds. It is a savings cum borrowing option cum investment. Investment is one of the far most priorities for every individual household. The present study attempts households savings awareness and various investment mode regarding NBFC for chit funds at Nagappattinam District in Tamilnadu. A sample of 186 respondents was selected in 8 blocks in the study area. This study aims that to analysis the awareness level for investments using the SPSS simple percentage, mean, standard deviation and ANOVA. Further to investigating major findings and provides the suitable suggestion for this study.

The present article analyzes the different dimensions of the informal sector in Karnataka. Further, it focuses on the issues and challenges of informal employment in State. Employment is pipeline of the economic development. It decides the strength and status of person. It also plays a key role in the progress and prosperity of any state. When employment increases, income increases, when income increases purchasing power of workers increases and ultimately the standard of living increases. Therefore, employment is correlation between well-being and happiness of workers. It increases the status of workers and also curtails the anti social activities. There is a famous proverb in this regard the ‘empty mind is devil’s workshop’. Therefore, purpose of every planning of the Country is to provide the employment opportunities for the workers. This paper based on secondary date and theory, critically examines the relevance of informal sector in Karnataka. The paper exposes the problems and prospects of informal sector. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of informal activities in the generation of employment opportunities in the state and evaluate the problems of workers in the informal sector. Workers employed in informal sector are mostly local, tradition based and unorganized. These laborers are facing the challenges related to work and work place, which can be listed as follows; Do not have fixed hours of work or salary and work agreement, low productivity of enterprises and large-scale unemployment, absence of Labour laws to protect the labour rights and inadequate social security measures to protect the labourers working in the informal sector. The Informal sector has not remained isolated in terms of its growth in Karnataka. In other words, similar to the all India perspective the informal sector has registered a steady growth in the state. For instance, there has been tremendous increase in workforce from 1981 to 2001 census that means the workforce increased from 149.14 lakh in 1981 and 235.21 lakh in 2001, and 457.5 million in 2011, which is increased by 93 percent. It is one of the important sectors of economy and provided livelihood for majority of workers. State should take urgent action to anticipate the skills needed for the transition to greener economies and provide new training programmes.

Libraries functions are that, to collect, store and dissemination of information to the end user or reader along with desired format at desired location. In this library perspective, data warehouse can assist to library management system for making decisions and setting policies. This article is focused on the concept of data warehouse, its need, its characteristics and its functions. It is also discussed on difference between data warehouse and operational database and data warehouse and data mining.

The present paper analyzes the different dimensions of the informal sector in Karnataka. Further, it focuses on the trends and growth of informal employment in State. Employment is pipeline of the economic development. It decides the strength and status of person. It also plays a key role in the progress and prosperity of any state. When employment increases, income increases, when income increases purchasing power of workers increases and ultimately the standard of living increases. Therefore, employment is correlation between well-being and happiness of workers. It increases the status of workers and also curtails the anti social activities. There is a famous proverb in this regard the ‘empty mind is devil’s workshop’. Informal sector is a part of Indian economy. It plays a crucial role in the growth of economic development and augment of employment opportunities. The workers of a country are its most valuable assets. The strength and prosperity of the Nation lies in its workers who are healthy, education and economically self-reliant. Workers are pillars and future of every country and also backbone of the economy. The development of the country depends upon ability and capabilities of workers. There is no restriction for entry and exit of this sector. This paper based on primary and secondary resources. Primary data collected from the workers through interviews and secondary data collected from published journals, articles, Government reports, census report and books etc. Present paper discusses about the trends, growth, problems and policy issues. It focuses the constraints of workers in getting even the minimum wages. . Gulbarga is a feudal oriented district in the Karnataka State. There was no land reform policy implemented. And present reforms of the State are concentrated on acquiring land for Airport, establishing the Electrical Power Generation Company, High Court Bench etc in Gulbarga. Due to these developmental programmes the farmers had sold their land to Government. So, people have become landless. These landless farmers have become workers in informal sector. Therefore, the Government must stop the land acquisition from the farmers instead of work for land reforms.

Organizational communication is defined as ‘the sending and receiving of messages among interrelated individuals within a particular environment or setting to achieve individual and common goals’. Organizational communication is highly contextual and culturally dependent. Individuals in organizations transmit messages through face-to face, written, and mediated channels. Organizational communication largely focuses on building relationships and interacting with internal organizational members and interested external publics. For organizations to be successful, they must have competent communicators. Effective communication is a building block of successful organizations. In fact, communication acts as organizational blood. Communication is significant for managers in the organizations so as to perform the basic functions of management, such as Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling & most importantly Decision-making. Communication serves as a foundation for Decision-making. Organizing also requires effective communication with others about their job task. Similarly managers must communicate effectively with their subordinates so as to achieve the team goals. Managers devote a great part of their time in communication. They generally devote approximately six hours per day in communicating. Decisions may be made by a single leader, a committee or a large group of people, depending on the nature of the organization. Each of these models is more or less appropriate depending on the nature of the decision and the context in which it is being made. When communication is thorough and accurate, decisions tend to be more informed and effective. The challenge for businesses is to channel these myriad communications so they serve to improve customer relations, bolster employee satisfaction, build knowledge-sharing throughout the organization, and most importantly, enhance the firms competitiveness. There is no formal history of business communication systems. It has existed in some form since the first business owner hired the first employees and issued the first instructions. The author found this area immensely interesting where a research could be carried out to assess how communication styles are different in males & female managers in the organization. The researcher also proposes to probe the communication styles adopted by different levels and different level in experience of managers, in an organization. The present study deals with this versatile area.

India’s central position and geo-strategic location in South Asiaplays a significant role indetermining its foreign policy towards neighbouring countries and vice versa.In this perspective, India-Sri Lanka relations are not different.The issue of Tamil ethnic minorityhas remaineda major contested issue between them.In 2009, Sri Lankan government successfullyconcluded the war against LTTE by the military offence; social, economic, political and security issues remained unaddressed. The Tamil Nadu politics also play an important role in determining of bilateral relations between two countries.Besides, the growing role of extra-regional powers in Sri Lanka, cause anapprehensions for India in the various dimensions. India’s absence during the final waragainst LTTE in Sri Lanka created a vacuum filled by China. Considerably, during Mahinda Rajapakshe regime, India-Sri Lanka relations remained unfriendly due to his inclination towards China. However, Maithiripala Sirisena became a president in 2015, selected India as his first official trip created new chapter in India-Sri Lanka relations. Substantially, four agreements were also signed in whichnuclear cooperation became remarkable as it selected India over Pakistan and China.It followed by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who became the first Prime Minister to visit Jaffna in 28 years after Rajiv Gandhi. It shows the major shifts and transformations in India-Sri Lanka relations.Therefore, thispaper tries to find out major shifts and trends in Indi-Sri Lanka relations. It also focuses on transformations occurred particularly in the post-LTTE period. Finally, it gives more emphasis to the issue of divergence and convergence between two countries to develop prospects for shaping their bilateral relations in an effective manner to reduce the presence of extra-regional powers.

The national sample survey (NSS) on the situational assessment of farmers undertaken in 2003 reported that on an average, 48.6 per cent of farmer households in the country were indebted. It was as high as 82 per cent in Andhra Pradesh and the average loan per household was RS.23, 965 (NSSO, 2005). The adverse effects of the climate change, drought increase the cost of cultivation and decrease the returns on the agriculture leads to intensive care in farmers livelihood. It cannot be stopped with single stroke and it needs a holistic approach with cooperation from not only all sections of the society but also with cooperation from all the countries throughout the world.

The present investigation was an endeavor to discover the distinction in emotional wellness among sportspersons partook at area and state level titles. Eighty sportspersons (40 region level + 40 state level) players were taken as an example based on irregular testing strategy. Emotional well-being Battery by Arun Kumar Singh and Alpana Sen Gupta was utilized to gather the information. Mean, SD and t test was utilized to investigate the information. It was discovered that sportspersons took part at state level titles have preferred emotional well-being over sportspersons taken part at locale level title.

The present study assessed superstition among national female players. This study was conducted on 200 national level female players (Ave. age 24.08 years). The chosen female players were participants of national level team and individual sport events. Purposive sampling method was used for selection of sample. To assess superstition among national female players, Superstition Scale prepared by Dubey and Dixit was used. The classification of subjects into superstitious and non-superstitious categories, were based on technique suggested in authors manual. Results reveal that majority of the national female players (82%) were superstitious while 18% were non-superstitious. It was concluded that highly uncertain outcome of the result leads national female players to superstitious rituals.

The present paper is a modest attempt at analyzing the ways in which subaltern issues find their presentation in the novel of Manju Kapur. As the paper progresses, it addresses the questions of subalternity and ways intended, they found their manifestation in the novel A Married Woman. It should also be noted at the outset that the present work is not so much about the debates emerging about the intellectual worth of the subaltern aspects as much as about the artistic handling of these issues by Manju Kapur. By adopting a certain intellectual position within postcolonial discourses, the study examines the question of marginality and the voices of the unheard reconfiguring in subaltern theorization.The term “Subaltern” might mean different things in different contexts and hence it is important to clarify the sense in which the term is used in the present paper and also justification as to why a subaltern approach is found appropriate in analyzing the novel of Manju Kapur.

This paper discusses or analyses trends in Osteoarthritis Knee research during from 2006-2010, the data have been collected from web of science database. Aim of the study to analyze source wise research output, year wise publications, and country wise research. The study finds that articles occupies first place among various forms of sources, during the study period in the year 2010 published highest research output, USA have published highest publication among the Osteoarthritis Knee, majority research papers published themes of Osteoarthritis Knee in medical field.

Dr. Md. Iqbal, a multi dimensional personality, a philosopher of human alienation and freedom, a philosopher poet is a staunch believer in Islam and its creed. But in his approach of the religion, he is markedly different from some other orthodox religious thinkers. His religious experience may be termed as ‘mystical experience’ as well. Freedom and creativity are the two basic components of his poetical endeavour. In this paper an attempt has been made to trace some of the significant elements in the thought system of the outstanding poet philosopher Sir Md. Iqbal. Some of the prominent and basic features such as emphasis on man’s existence and his personal involvement, responsibility, freedom, creativity, anti-intellectualism and anti-impersonal functionalism etc. are the features of philosophical insight of Iqbal.

Preparing students for lifelong learning requires new approaches to education that incorporate technologies increasingly a part of students’ everyday lives. While the importance of reading, writing, and arithmetic still holds true, educators need to look at these and other subjects in new ways, using readily accessible technologies to engage and inspire students to take a more active role in learning. This paper describes that digitalized content (e-content) is one of the best facility available for good learning outcomes.

The present paper is a moderate attempt to explore into the labyrinths of culture and philosophy as reflected in Raja Rao’s novel The Cat and Shakespeare. The culture and philosophy are Indian and it entails that the study should be carried out with this perspective in mind. This is very obviously true and the researcher has tried to probe into the Indian cultural and philosophical facets in this novel, yet it is important to note that Raja Rao was an Indian writer who got his higher education in the West, worked as a professor in reputed American universities and earned prestigious position as a writer and philosopher in the West. A huge Western background of culture and philosophy that his fictional work reflects and the interventions that are made by the colonial rule in India entails a cursory learning of some of the basic ideas of the Western culture and philosophy. Rao’s fictional world thus requires a subtle understanding of the Indian culture and philosophy but simultaneously a cursory knowledge of the Western culture and philosophy is also necessary. It is sensible to sneak into the Western philosophy to know the backdrop of Rao’s selected novels.

The researcher carried out the study with the objective of finding out the investors attitude towards online share trading in Tirunelveli city. The researcher is interested in identifying the major factors that contribute to the investors attitude in the area of online share trading. The researcher used the Descriptive type of research design in her study. The researcher used the Primary data collection method in her study by framing a structured Questionnaire. The researcher performed with the convenient type of sampling method in her study. The sample is taken as 120 by the researcher. For the purpose of analysis and interpretation, the researcher used the statistical tools namely Simple Percentage Analysis. Based on the analysis and interpretation, the researcher arrived out with the major suggestions in her study and conclusion are given in such a way so that the investors can attain the wealth maximization.

The paper attempts at a comprehensive study of speech organs and their role in the production of speech sounds. Humans are capable of producing numerous speech sounds but they are confined or limited to languages. Speech organs are vital in the production of speech sounds and the study of these sounds is carried out in an academic discipline called Phonetics. If the speech sounds are to function in proper way, organs need support from airstream mechanism. The airstream is inevitable for the production of speech sounds. The organs like, tongue, teeth, nose, teeth-ridge, hard palate, soft palate (velum), lips, larynx, vocal cords, trachea and lungs play a predominant role in producing speech sounds. Some organs play a direct role and a few are used passively in the speech process. All these organs collectively are responsible for the proper articulation of speech sounds.

Human rights are the rights inherent to all humanbeings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human rightsinclude the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many more. The world today, has accepted the notion that all human beings are entitled to and are empowered for a dignified existence. It is a common phenomenon that human beings everywhere, demand the realization of diverse values to ensure their individual and collective well-being. However, these demands or rights are denied through exploitation, oppression, persecution, etc, in many countries of the world.The temple entry movement is a kind of social movement aims to make a total change in the social and cultural system. It was an effort to secure human rights for certain sections of the society or a movement for the entry of untouchables to temples. The temple entry movement was of primary importance in the agitation against the eradication of untouchability.

Githa Hariharan is one of the most influential Indian English women writers who have been producing a body of Indian literature that is committed to feminist and social issues. Her first novel, The Thousand Faces of Night (1992) won the Common wealth Writers Prize for Best First Book in 1993. She has four novels to her credit :The Ghost of Vasu Master (1994), When Dreams Travel (1993), In Times of Siege (2003) and Fugitive Histories (2009).

India plays a major role in handicraft products to the art world. In fact the Indian handicraft market hub for handicraft products. Handicrafts have a great potential to provide employment opportunities to millions of artisans spread over length and breadth of the country, as most of the artisans have inherent art to be converted in to occupation. Men and Women of Uttara Kannada are very prosperous in the art of ‘Needle and Thread’. Generally they are used to do such work for their domestic use. But now a days, such products are demanded everywhere. They require professional touch as per the requirement of demand of the market. Government tries to uplift the art and artisans through various programmes and policies. Despite of various government and non government efforts, the reality is not satisfactory. The handicraft artisans suffer a lot due to being unorganized, lack of education, low capital, poor exposure to new technologies, absence of market intelligence and a poor institutional framework. This paper highlights the details of Indian handicrafts business and its extensive artworks.

Culture as a society is maintained through traditions that are framed and maintained by a small group of people who persuade the masses to follow them willingly or unwillingly. As time passes by, these traditions are challenged due to various influences both internal and external. Oppositions are identified in the beginning itself and are checked tactfully then and there. When challenges or oppositions gain strength, there occurs a struggle to maintain and acquire the ruling position between the representatives of the opposition. The struggle is sometimes for a short period and other times for a prolonged period, depending upon the strength of the opposition. The one who gets defeated is either co-opted with the winner or destroyed. Such actions and reactions produce dislocations during the struggle which affects the society. The phases before and after the dislocation are a sort of torture for those who are involved in the challenges and also those who are around them. Relocation takes place slowly either by replacement or adjustment. This dislocation and relocation is a cycle and is always on the move. Gramsci used the term ‘hegemony’ to refer to the dominance of one social group over the other. This research paper is an attempt to apply the Gramscian concept of hegemony in Manju Kapur’s novel Difficult Daughters to find out the principle and purpose on which it was written.

Time management is important for maximum health and personal effectiveness. In one’s life, feeling of being “out of control” of their time is the major source of stress, anxiety and depression. Teaching is considered a high stress profession, where approximately one quarter of school teachers view teaching as extremely stressful. The objective of the present study was to measure the level of Time management and Stress of B.Ed. Teacher Trainees. And also to find out whether B.Ed. Teacher Trainees differ significantly in their Time management level and Academic achievement & Stress level and Academic achievement with respect to Gender, Locality, Type of Family, Qualification of Father and Qualification of Mother. And also to find out the significant relationship between Time management level and academic achievement, Stress level and academic achievement and Time management level and Stress level of B.Ed. Teacher Trainees. The method used in the present study was Normative Survey. By using Stratified Purposeful Sampling Technique 266 samples were collected. Investigator used modified Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ) for measuring the stress level and Time Management Scale (revised) for measuring Time Management of B.Ed. teacher trainees. Mean, Standard Deviation, t – test, F – ratio were used for analyzing the collected data. Results showed that Time management level is high and Stress level is Moderate among B.Ed. Teacher Trainees. Time management level with respect to Qualification of Mother, Stress level with respect to Type of Family and Academic achievement with respect to Gender, Qualification of Father and Qualification of Mother of B.Ed. Teacher Trainees were found to be significant at 0.05 level. B.Ed. Teacher Trainees show significant and negative relationship between Time management and Stress level and significant and positive relationship between Stress and Academic Achievement at 0.01 level.

Ladies play a huge and pivotal job in rural improvement and united fields. It is most shocking that the job of ladies in agribusiness has not featured. By and large they have remained invisible workers. Therefore, efforts were made to analyze the work performed by women in agriculture. The study was undertaken in Dharmapuri district of Tamilnadu. A sum of 200 homestead ladies chose as respondents through proportionate irregular inspecting. The chose respondents were met expressly utilizing pre-tried very much organized meeting plan. The information were examined utilizing suitable measurable instrument. The discoveries demonstrated that cutting, picking, cleaning of grains, drying of grains, stockpiling, handling, weeding, winnowing are the real homestead activities principally performed by ranch ladies. Interest of ranch ladies in agribusiness was essentially influenced by financial factors like – age, family salary, arrive holding.

Human Resources are the key resource in today’s world for all Organisations whether it is in the Public or Private Sector. It is the key to financial results as productivity of an Organization is directly related to the productivity of its Human Resources.

The objective of the present study was to find out the awareness of social networking media in commerce among higher secondary students. Survey method was used. The sample consisted of 240 higher secondary students. Data was analyzed by t-test, F-test and Chi-square test. Results showed that there is significant difference in the awareness of social networking media in commerce of higher secondary students in respect of gender, type of school and parental qualification. Findings also indicated that there is no significant difference in the awareness of social networking media in commerce of higher secondary students based on locality.

Health care institutions these days want to deliver their best by adopting innovative practices and latest technology. There has been an increase in the competition among the hospitals to give quality services at an affordable price. A hospital accredited at the national or an international level is bound to maintain a quality control department. Although quality management techniques like total quality management practices have their origin in manufacturing industries, they are being adopted in the hospitals too. The present paper identifies the major total quality management practices through a review of related literature in Indian healthcare for the past twelve years. The results of the analysis present the major TQM practices considered as necessary for hospitals of India.

Teachers are indispensable within the teaching – learning process. Hence, they constitute a majorinput in the accomplishment of educational goals and objectives in all nations. In India, teacher education has been bedeviled with a lot of challenges in the modern day technology of imparting knowledge in the teaching and learning process. In today’s Indian educational systemInformation and Communication Technology (ICT) is relatively a very new development. It plays a significant role in teacher education. Hence, the objective of this paper is to discuss the prospects ofICT in teacher education as well as its challenges in India. The findings via descriptive research revealed that many teachers in India are not using ICT facilities in teaching learning process due to some challenges which include high exorbitant price of ICT facilities, lack of knowledge to using technology, lack of infrastructures in the areas of electricity supply, lack of adequate trained manpower for the development, maintenance and operation of ICT facilities, lack of commitment on the part of government towards the development ofICT, inadequate funding of internet connectivity and lukewarm attitude of many teachers to be computer literate among others. This paper proffers some probable ways of improving ICT in teacher education in India. It concludes that the importance of ICT in teacher education to improve the quality of teaching and learning process in schools cannot be overemphasized.

Teaching is a profession that requires a highly skilled person who knows the ‘know-how’ of teaching and has the power to motivate the young mind continuously. It is never an easy task as many people think. A good teacher is a conglomeration of a bulk of qualities which requires higher potential manpower and continuous upgradation of qualities and qualifications. Among many qualities of teacher the topic here focuses on two important concepts: humane aspect and reflective practice. When we say ‘humane’ our focus is on the philosophical underpinning and the values one teacher must cherish to evolve himself/herself into a successful practitioner of his/her profession. And when we say reflective practices, it means the compendium of skills and processes required for bringing higher output in teaching. When we want a teacher to be more humane, what we want is a positive change in attitude and temperament so as to become more inclusive and adaptive. And making a teacher reflective practitioner requires training and mastery over skills like maintaining daily dairy of teaching, accepting students’ feedback, responding to a higher set of expectations etc.

Cauvery is one of the major rivers of the Indian Peninsula and is the most important river of Tamil Nadu State. This is held in high esteem by the people of Tamil Nadu as the nature’s precious boon. This referred to as ‘Dakshina Ganga’or Southern Ganges in the Vedic lore and finds mention in many a piece of literature, epic, poetry and drama that have been made in this land. The beautiful orchards that line up its banks, the fertile lands in its delta which yield heavy harvests have all been sung by poets and bards infused with religious fervor. Over centuries the people in the Cauvery Delta have been enjoying its bounty and all the fine arts flourished in its rich valley.

Man made small water bodies in parks and gardens are not only attractive places for the tourists, but they also attract the birds. Sayjiraje park is one of the recreation and adventure park in Solapur district with a small man made water body. Throughout the year many birds are found at this place. In the present study a check list of birds found in this area is prepared. The study area is nearly about 130 kms away from district place and about 15 kms away from tahasil place. The study is carried for 12 months i.e. from the period of June-2016 to May-2017. On an average every month, bird watching camps were conducted at study site during the study period. Total 58 species of birds belonging to 26 families have been recorded from the study site. They were categorized as residential, local migratory and migratory, aquatic and terrestrial. It is concluded that varieties of birds are noticed in all season and maximum number of species of birds were recorded in the winter season.

Objective:- To Investigate the Life Satisfaction among Working and Non-Working Women. Hypothesis:- 1) There will be no significant difference between working and non-working women on dimension life satisfaction (Health, Personal, Economic, Marital, Social and Job). Sample:- 100 women were selected from Aurangabad city for the present research. Among them 50 were working women and 50 were non-working. Age range of women 20 year to 40 year. (Mean = 32.25, SD = 4.56). Purposive Non-Probability Sampling was used. Conclusion: Working women have significantly high life satisfaction than the nonworking women. High stress among non-working women is due to the fact that non-working women occupy multiple roles which are inconsistent and create conflicting situations. Our society still demands the traditional roles of women as homemaker.

This research paper is an attempt to find out the best predictor of Burnout of teachers. Teachers in the performance of their professional roles and responsibilities often encounter a range of interpersonal and task demands, some of which tend to be quite stressful for them. They respond to situations in which they find that either outcomes are uncertain or these give rise to negative emotional states and outcomes, by making a variety of attributional, behavioural, physiological and psychological responses. The cumulative effect of these responses becomes apparent in adverse effects on the teacher commitment to remain in the classroom and the teaching profession. Eventually, the level of stress experienced may reach a level high enough to be labelled burnout. Burnout has an impact on not only the teacher, institution and the students but also the family of the teacher. In this study data was collected from 300 teachers using Burnout Inventory for Teachers. Finally the data was analysed by statistical method - multiple regression analysis (ANOVA) technique. The finding of the study reveals that the best predictor of burnout of teachers is emotional exhaustion

The importance of physical fitness was well known to our ancestors. In 360 B.C. Plato amply described the importance of physical fitness in the following words “Lack of activity destroys the good condition of every human being while movement and methodical physical exercise save it and preserve it.” Though it is a matter of fact that primitive man recognized the physical fitness is necessary to his survival. But it does not mean that the importance of physical fitness has been diminished to the modern man The modern man cannot afford to complacent and forget its importance is it not only maintains his efficiency and happiness but also it is the way o his survival in a highly competitive environment. The right kind and right amount of physical exercise develops organic and muscle power, stamina, vigor and the activity skills related to his development. There is a direct relationship between physical exercise and physical fitness.

The working conditions of the sanitary workers have remained unchanged for over a century. India has a serious sanitation challenge; around 60 per cent of the world’s open defecation takes place in India. The issues of poor sanitation, which seep into every aspect of life – health, nutrition, development, economy, dignity and empowerment. The sanitary workers faces many difficulties during work because of various factors that create severe psychological and health issues because of their unhygienic work environment.The Objectives of the Studyis to understand the Socio Demographic Profile and Economic Status of the Sanitary Workers in Coimbatore, to find out Health Status of the Corporation Sanitary Workers, to know about the Occupational Safety of the Sanitary Workers. The researcher conducted the study in the central zone of the Coimbatore Corporationwhich isthe second major city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.Accidental Sampling method was used in this study.

This paper examines the impact of motivational factors among women entrepreneurs who started various business Units in Tirunelveli district and also seeks the obstacles faced by the women entrepreneurs in running their businesses. To achieve the objectives of the study, 70 women entrepreneurs involved in manufacturing, Trading and Service Units in Tirunelveli district were identified as the sample by adopting the purposive sampling technique. All hypotheses were tested using Henry Garrett’s Ranking Scores and ChiSquare test. While the result of this study found a significant effect on motivational factors. The research will help improve strategy for women employees to explore opportunities for start-ups and would aid in better positioning the significance of the above factors to train women to explore the opportunities for becoming entrepreneurs.

In the recent decades film has been dynamically interfacing with literature and life in a rapidly changing cultural context. It is also the medium with immense mass appeal. It is a polyhedral phenomenon which is influenced by the different cultures and influences other cultures. Gender representation is at the heart of such cultural negotiation. Central to such negotiation is the figure of Woman, which has long served as a powerful and ambivalent patriarchal symbol, heavily over determined as an expression of the male psyche. The notion of identity is neither stable nor permanent. It is a continues process of construction and reconstruction. When it comes alive as in the case of women the process get entangled with the age old customs and traditions which were originally be maintained in order to curtail the freedom of women. The central idea of male gaze embodies woman as a spectacle. Varathan (Outsider) is a 2018 released Indian Malayalam language movie directed by Amal Neerad which is an unofficial remake of Straw Dogs (1971) by Sam Peckinpah. Based on the dictum of male gaze the paper analyses how the Malayalam movie Varathan (Outsider) visualizes the aspects of male gaze.

The practice of both information and communication technology (ICT) have a plentiful competence to improve teaching and learning process. Currently, computer is measured as a super teaching appliance. Computer based instructional system assimilates inspecting, learning and doing and henceforth, making learning much effectual. Now, software packages are additional accessible and humanizing. Learners can currently learn at their own haste without esteem of the level at which they are supposed to be. Though, these computer programs are mainly beneficial in teaching those topics with which learners typically have problems. This study attempts to find the impact of Web-based instruction in learning of mathematicsparabola among higher secondary students.

Background: Yoga has a very positive effect on our health . It has been proven by research and science. Pranayama means regulation and restraint of breath. The ancient sages of our India have discovered such breathing process that keep the mind and body free of tension. The Transcendental Meditation technique release accumulated stress in your body, improves your health, and reverses the effects of aging. Materials and Methods : The study was Conducted on thirty two (n=32)male high blood pressure patients were selected at random from Farrukhabad (U.P.) in the age group ranging between 35 to 50 years. Further, the subjects were grouped into three experimental groups and a control group (Eight subject each) randomly. After giving 12 weeks training the Post test was taken .Sphygmomanometer used to measure blood pressure during training.Results : The result of the study indicated that there was no significant differences Between experimental groups and a control group on pulse Rate and it was also found that there was no significant improvement on pulse rate due to the Pranayama and Transcendental Meditation training .Conclusion : In case of Resting Pulse Rate Pranayama , Transcendental meditation and Combination of Pranayama and Transcendental Meditation had not shown significant improvement among experimental groups as compared to the control group.

Generally the Human Resource Management work managed or furnished initiative and counsel to manage all worker driven issues in an association. With the evolving times, the focal point of HRM is additionally evolving. HRM is gradually moving far from the customary organization. The capacity is currently expected to perform esteem included undertakings by deliberately using workers and guaranteeing that the different representative projects are suggested and executed in a positive way which impacts the business in quantifiable ways. The research paper highlights on the concept of Human Resource Management with brief introduction and definition. It throws light on changing role of Human Resource Management in corporate strategic management.

The purpose of the paper is to determine the effectiveness of student-teachers. A well structured questionnaire was administered to the student-teachers. Initially the tool was constructed with 40 statements posing questions which are Yes or No type. To standardize the tool the researcher used t-test. Based on the t-value finally 34 statements were retained for the final study. This paper discusses about the development of the scale to measure the teacher effectiveness among student-teachers.

This paper examines the agriculture finance system for the inclusive growth of farming, food security and rural development.

The present study investigates the effectiveness of programmed learning material for teaching map skills in high school students. The major objectives of the present study are to develop, standardize and find out the effectiveness of programmed instruction material for teaching maps in History for high school students. The investigator used the research tools of PIM of maps of hills and voyages of sea routes. A sample of 35 students from City Corporation Higher Secondary School, Coimbatore and 32 students from T.V. Sekharan Memorial Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Kovaipudur, Coimbatore was chosen for the study. Data was analyzed by t-test. Results proved that programmed instructional material is one of the appropriate and effective methods for teaching maps in history to the students.

Social work is a profession help people help themselves. Professionals are received their training in recognized university or institution by qualifying the examination. Social workers are likely to work with society to eradicate the problems. In this regard social work profession guides to build self-esteem and selfconfidence among individuals. The objective of the study is to find out the problems encountered by social worker while performing their duties and responsibilities in Vijayapura and Raichur. To fulfil the objectives the study has involved exploratory research design. Sample size was 100 and samples were selected with the help of snowball sampling method. The universe of the study is the social worker those who are working in government and non-government organizations. The study has restricted to Vijayapura and Raichur district of Karnataka. To collect the data researcher has used semi-structured interview schedule were used. The above table shows that result regarding gender differences, male and female in demographic data. 62% of the Male respondents are participated in the study, 49% of the respondents belongs to 30-40 age group and 48% of the respondents are under 30 years. The majority (89%) of the respondents participated in the study, those who have completed a Master of Social Work (MSW). The majorities (57%) of the respondents are private employees. 84% of the respondents belongs to Hindu religion. 77% of the respondents are satisfied with working environment and 72% of the respondents are satisfied with work.

The purpose of the paper is to determine the effectiveness of student-teachers. A well structured questionnaire was administered to the student-teachers. Initially the tool was constructed with 40 statements posing questions which are Yes or No type. To standardize the tool the researcher used t-test. Based on the t-value finally 34 statements were retained for the final study. This paper discusses about the development of the scale to measure the teacher effectiveness among student-teachers.

Flexibility is important for completing everyday activities with ease.To investigate this study 42 men players from various department of KSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, forty two men players were taken as subjects. The subjects were administrated to find the Flexibillity. Flexibillity can be defined as the driving force behind all the actions of an individual. Flexibillity is based on your emotions and achievement-related goals. The subjects were randomly divided into three equal groups they were high level performance and low level performances. The tool was sit and reach method was using to collect the measurement was in (centimeter) carefully analyzed with a separate scoring scale and the collected data were calculated with one-way analysis of (ANCOVA). The result showed that there was a significant difference in the Flexibillity among high and low performance.

DigitalIndia is an umbrella campaign by the Government of India, under which the whole aim of the government is to focus on digital development of the country by providing the citizens with such facilities and services so that they are all connected to each other and get benefits of government schemes easily, especially in remote areas, by improving online infrastructure and by increasing Internet connectivity. This ambitious program was started on 1st July 2015. Various schemes have been exposed under this program such as digital locker, digital payments, e-education, e-health, e-signature etc. This program will help in creating employment opportunities which will lead to increase in the GDP and per capita income, and the life style of people can be improved. The paper highlights the impact of on growth of Indian economy and its potential for creating employment opportunities.

Information technology has created significant impact on accounting services. IT systems and PC frameworks have abbreviated the lead time required by bookkeepers to plan and present monetary data to the board and partners. Not just data innovation has abbreviated the lead time required to show monetary data, however it likewise has enhanced the general productivity and exactness of the data. Advancements in technology have dramatically improved accounting systems and quality of information. The transformation of information to the required users has been made very easy and simple. Computers and other digital technologies have increased office productivity facilitating the rapid exchange of documents, research, collaboration with far-flung partners and the collection and analysis of data. With the introduction of technology in accounting and in many business applications, those business areas that involve repeated tasks which are often monotonous and akin to human errors are increasingly being simplified and done accurately. The accountants have to have technological knowledge along with accounting knowledge.

Food safety considerations related to hygiene of food, food pesticide residues, policies, import and export rules, certification system etc. are scientific discipline to avoid potentially severe health hazardous issues. Food Safety Act denoted the consumer practices, safe to consume, safe delivery and safely preparation which in the end transmitted to the consumers. Hence, it is important to consider on the awareness level of consumers and manufacturers for the Food safety Act and Regulations while taking all the factors into account in purchasing and manufacturing. This study is an analytical in examining the awareness level of manufacturers with regard to Food Safety Regulations Act, 2006. For this study, 100 consumers and 100 manufacturers were selected and responses were solicited through self-structured questionnaires. Their opinions were measured based on the five point likert scale. The study concluded that Government should organize campaign in disseminating the level of awareness among the consumers and manufacturers of rural and urban areas.

In the cutting edge advertising condition shoppers are ending up increasingly requesting since the market is glutted with unlimited items and tremendous brands and offering them rich decisions. In pursuit of achieving the best possible value for their money, modern day consumers are gradually becoming quite choosy about products/services on the basis of their essential value. Gone are the days of the marketers with the composed assumption that a market once won is theirs. In view of the same, marketers of today frantically search strategies to maintain a set of consumers who are loyal to the products/services that they are offering for sale. This phenomenon is particularly significant for the low priced, daily use, non durable products which are purchased repeatedly by the consumers at frequent intervals popularly termed as fast moving consumer goods (FMCGs). The purchase behavior of the consumers for such products is of special interest to the marketer since these items are purchased repeatedly and it is this purchase that results in generating volumes and profits. chapter being introductory in nature, spells out the nature, scope objective and methodology adopted for the study along with a review of the empirical studies on brand loyalty The sample profile and their buying behavior, the existence and extent of brand loyalty among women skincare cosmetics consumers in the state of Tamil Nadu, the familiarity of the consumers with the term brand loyalty and its relationship between familiarity and loyalty, the perception of the consumers about the meaning of the term brand loyalty, the relationship between Personal and Product related factors and Brand Loyalty of consumers, the perceptions of women cosmetics consumers about the factors causing brand loyalty and switching, the brand buying behavior of women skincare cosmetics users and the important factors that influence the purchase of skincare cosmetics products by women are all analyzed. Finally, the major Findings, Conclusions and Suggestions emerging from the study are presented

Nirad C. Chaudhuri is a critic and interpreter. He stands as a great solitary and the most outstanding writer of prose during the post-independence period in India. He belonged to a tradition of prose writing in English in India that can be traced back to Raja Rammohan Roy. He stands as a towering literary personality in the domain of narrative non-fictional English prose. This paper makes an attempt to illustrate the prosperity of Indian traditional clothing, the influence of foreign invasions and the British rule which formulate revolutionized changes in clothes and costumes and losing the original traditional purpose of the clothing. Fashion becomes a passion at present. Fascinating toward fashions, the cultures or traditions are completely neglected. The cloths and costumes are madly adopted by the western countries. Most of Indians feel that wearing westernized dress in India is stylish and pride-felt simply forgetting the use of the clothes or costumes. This study mainly focuses on the cultural and traditional degradation of cloths and costumes.

The present study was aimed to find out the attitude towards e-learning of B.Ed. teacher trainees. The sample consisted of 548 B.Ed. students from Pondicherry region. Attitude towards E-learning Scale by Rajeshkumar (2009) was used for data collection. Data was analysed by t-test and F-test. Results found that there is significant difference in attitude towards e-learning of B.Ed. teacher trainees in respect of gender, optional subject and e-mail id. Findings also indicated that there is no significant difference in attitude towards e-learning of B.Ed. teacher trainees with regard to age, type of institution, knowledge in computer, computer access, internet access and e-learning facilities in the institution.

This study focused on female’s experience with involuntary childlessness and its effect on their selfconcept. Asmotherhood is the most important aspect of a woman, so her inability to conceive makes her the first and foremost victim of childlessness. Childlessness is looked at with cultural and social perspectives, and the childless woman becomes victim of such perspective. It creates problem of self-realization, self - actualization, self -respect. Particularly for woman, it is very harmful. Due to lack of motherhood, her selfconcept is affected badly. She may experience depression, frustration and helplessness. Further she may suffer from a feeling of incompleteness.This study encompassed 160 females (80 childless females and 80 females with children). They were examined by using Self-Concept checklist cum rating scale and Personal Adjustment inventory. The effect of childlessness (independent variable) was seen on the self-concept and personal adjustment (dependent variable) of the females.There was significant difference between childless females and females with children in case of self-concept and personal adjustment. Results indicated that childless females have low self-concept and poor personal adjustment as compared to females with children. The correlation of self-concept with Personal adjustment was positive and significant.

Purpose of the Study: To Investigate the anxiety among arts and Commerce college students Hypothesis: There will be significantly difference between arts and Commerce college students’ dimension on anxiety Sample: Total 80 senior arts and Commerce College students were selected study among them 40 subjects were senior arts college students and 40 subject’s senior Commerce college students belonging to Vivekanand College, Aurangabad. The age range were 18 to 22 years (M =20.78, SD = 2.81). Non-probability purposive sampling was used. Tools SINHA’S COMPREHENSIVE ANXIETY TEST (SCAT) This test is developed and standardized by A.K.P. Sinha and L.N.K. Sinha. The test consisted of 90 Items. Conclusion Commerce Students had significantly high Anxiety than the Arts Students.

This research paper is an attempt to find out the best predictor of Burnout of teachers. Teachers in the performance of their professional roles and responsibilities often encounter a range of interpersonal and task demands, some of which tend to be quite stressful for them. They respond to situations in which they find that either outcomes are uncertain or these give rise to negative emotional states and outcomes, by making a variety of attributional, behavioural, physiological and psychological responses. The cumulative effect of these responses becomes apparent in adverse effects on the teacher commitment to remain in the classroom and the teaching profession. Eventually, the level of stress experienced may reach a level high enough to be labelled burnout. Burnout has an impact on not only the teacher, institution and the students but also the family of the teacher. In this study data was collected from 300 teachers using Burnout Inventory for Teachers. Finally the data was analysed by statistical method - multiple regression analysis (ANOVA) technique. The finding of the study reveals that the best predictor of burnout of teachers is emotional exhaustion

This research paper is an attempt to find out the best predictor of Burnout of teachers. Teachers in the performance of their professional roles and responsibilities often encounter a range of interpersonal and task demands, some of which tend to be quite stressful for them. They respond to situations in which they find that either outcomes are uncertain or these give rise to negative emotional states and outcomes, by making a variety of attributional, behavioural, physiological and psychological responses. The cumulative effect of these responses becomes apparent in adverse effects on the teacher commitment to remain in the classroom and the teaching profession. Eventually, the level of stress experienced may reach a level high enough to be labelled burnout. Burnout has an impact on not only the teacher, institution and the students but also the family of the teacher. In this study data was collected from 300 teachers using Burnout Inventory for Teachers. Finally the data was analysed by statistical method - multiple regression analysis (ANOVA) technique. The finding of the study reveals that the best predictor of burnout of teachers is emotional exhaustion

Development of Human Capital of nations will fetch multifaceted progressions in the economy. This study aims to discover the status of Human Capital in the Asian Countries. Twenty countries are selected according to availability of data and nine human related proven indicators are assessed from these countries to formulate an index i.e. National Human Capital Index (NHCI). This index ranks the countries according their Human Capital scores and provides an inferential view about the existence of people related assets in the Asian nations. Then, a correlation study is done by taking scores of NHCI and Per Capita Income of the selected nations. The result of correlation study provides a high correlation result between the economic indicator and Human Capital. Eventually this study reiterates the importance of qualified residents of a nation for the all-encompassing development of a nation.

Education is widely acknowledged as one of the most vital undertakings in individual’s life to live smoothly. The mastery over the indispensable educational skills like reading, writing and arithmetic is prerequisite for accomplishment in both school and in society. Notwithstanding all individual are not same doer and consequently some are superior and some are average or above average. Unfortunately we all usually deny the child who possesses less ability in doing work due to their dullness. An outsized proportion of children suffer from these difficulties and hence they cannot acquire these academic skills. It may occur in child due to the neurological dysfunction of brain structure. These difficulties in writing, reading and speaking are often termed as Learning disability due to what they have been ignored in their society. Nonetheless they may able to perform different activities rather than learning even in more creative way, yet we do not accept them due to our ignorance about learning disabilities. Thus it is needed to know about learning disability and its various aspects. Therefore the present paper aims at providing a comprehensive knowledge on the same which will contribute the parents and teachers to way-out for tackling them as it should be.

Hindus believe that God’s presence and energy is particularly focused in shrines and temples the devasthanams where the Divine is honoured every day.Paul Thieme suggests from passages in the Ramayana that the word puja referred to the hospitable reception of guests and that the things offered to guests could be offered to the gods and their dwellings. Every family will have a deity worshipped for generations. They follow a specific method of worshipping. This deity should be worshipped before doing any puja or even daily pujas. Most of these village deities have shrines on the periphery (border or out skirts) of the village as a representation of their village Guardian position. After death, the funeral ceremony also requires Agni, God of fire. Research Gap is explained as follows. The practice of marketing of puja materials has been in force for more than a century now. Infact it is an organized and unorganized trade today. The thesis is proposed to be made of seven chapters.

This study called “A study on how CBD will be a potential channel in bridging the geographical barrier in insurance sales for ICICI Prudential life insurance “was conducted in Coimbatore for ICICI Prudential.This research has been done among a partial group of people in Coimbatore with reference to ICICI Prudential life insurance co.ltd., it focuses on ascertaining the awareness and potentiality of the new channel CONSULTANCY BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT in bridging the geographical barrier in insurance sales.The main objective of this research is to study the response of target audience to the CBD channel by estimating what proportion of surveyed target in Coimbatore city expresses keenness to join the scheme.

Entrepreneurship is bound to play a critical and pivotal role in the growth and development of the economy in the coming years. It has been acknowledged as one of the essential factors determining the growth and development of any country. Entrepreneurs and enterprises contribute to build a competitive and dynamic knowledge based economy capable of sustainable economic growth and greater social cohesion. Entrepreneurship is an intention, which inclination to the creation and management of a new organization designed to pursue a unique and innovative opportunity. It involves measures to encourage individuals to become entrepreneurs and equip them with the necessary skills to make successful business. Entrepreneurship is currently being encouraged and embraced by educational institutions, government, policy makers, society and corporations. It is high on the agenda of policymakers of higher education in order to encourage students in developing entrepreneurial skills in their area of specialization and thereby increasing their employment opportunities. In addition, today’s world with its burgeoning population offers limited venues of employment. This makes entrepreneurship all the more necessary for self-employment and creating more employment opportunities. The main purpose of this study is to determine the factors influencing attitude of MBA students of Anna University Tiunelveli and Kanayakumari zones towards entrepreneurship. The study also investigates how inclination and dimensions of inclination affect the attitude of MBA students towards entrepreneurship.

The insects have been a great help to humans by performing certain vital activities like, Pollination, Scavenging, source of edible products, etc. Inspite of serving human kind, some insects have become major pests of household commodities and have added to the economic losses incurred by man. These insects have targeted the food security and have become endemic in various parts of the world. Most of these insects have become worldwide in distribution and have managed to invade various habitats around human dwellings. The study of Household insects from Jammu district is first ever investigation done by the author during the year 2017-2018. From the present study, the author enlisted 41 Household insects belonging to 10 orders thathave been enlisted in the form a checklist. Stored grain insects comprised of 16 insects belonging to 2 orders, Insect Vectors comprised of 11 insects, belonging to 4 orders while the General household insects comprised of 14 insects, belonging to 8 orders.

Advertising methodologies for brands have moved its emphasis on connections and esteem creation that straightforwardly connections to mark dedication, is the primary focal point of this paper and two key elements: mark devotion and brand responsibility, inside car part, are researched to inspect relative connections. These elements have just been built up to have an association with brand dedication. In any case, as brand responsibility comprises of both emotional and duration duty, it is still fairly vague about which of these parts of duty has the best, or most imperative effect on brand unwaveringness. Accordingly, continuation duty was found to not have any impressive effect on the shoppers devotion towards a brand, it is accepted that components, for example, cost and other accessible choices does not impact this craving to keep up said relationship.

Imidazoles are heterocycles with five-part ring structure heterocyclic mixes have increased truly astounding spot as of late in light of their uncommon pharmacological exercises. The imidazole core is a principle manufactured system in medication revelation. Imidazole is a planar five-part ring framework having N iota at 1 and 3 positions. The fundamental name for the compound is 1, 3 diazoles, one of the N bear a H molecule and other to be named as a pyrrole type N. Imidazole was first named as glyoxaline. It is amphoteric in nature, and it has defenselessness to be assaulted by electrophile and nucleophile. It is a constituent of the purine core and histidine amino corrosive, 4-amino imidazole-5-carboxamide found normally as a riboside. This intriguing gathering of heterocyclic mixes has wide range natural exercises, for example, pain relieving, mitigating anticancer, antiviral, anthelmintic, anticonvulsant, antiulcer, antimicrobial, hostile to unfavorably susceptible action and so on. Different techniques utilized for the blend of imidazoles and their concoction structure responses offer gigantic extension in the field of restorative science.

Civics is one of the branches of Social Science. Learning Social science has a major role in the formulation of civic sense. For the growth, development and sustainable existence of a society Civic Consciousness is essential. But it is difficult to develop civic consciousness in all individuals. The easiest way to accomplish this great mission is by ourselves becoming civic conscious. The aim of the present study is to find out the relationship between Civic Sense and Spirit of Nationalism among Secondary School Students in Kottayam District Performance. Descriptive survey method was used for this study. The data were gathered through Civic Sense Test and Spirit of Nationalism Scale from 400 Secondary School Students. The findings of the study were: Most of the students have average Civic Sense and Spirit of Nationalism. The result shows that there is a substantial relationship between Civic Sense and Spirit of Nationalism of Secondary School Students.

The present study examines Geographical issue on Education in Papumpare district of Arunachal Pradesh. A qualitative survey method was adopted where 12 schools, SCERT, RMSA, Secretariat (Dept. of Education) and 1 B.Ed. College (VKCTE) were selected (purposively) as a sample of Papumpare district. Institute records, questionnaire and interview schedule were used to examine the factors affecting educational development, comparison with other student and the student belonging from geographically back warded region and remedial measures in minimizing the geographical factors that effect on educational process. The qualitative analysis of interview data revealed that major geographical factors like; climatic change, youth geological landscape, environmental instability, remote location, lack of natural resource are mainly impact on the proper development in education. It is also found that students belonging from the geographically back warded region are much more lagging behind as per compared to students from other region of the country in the field of education.

The significance of peroxy radical (RO2) science in the troposphere is researched utilizing the STOCHEM-CRI worldwide science and transport display. The oxidation of VOCs prompts the arrangement of RO2 radicals which are overwhelmed by CH3O2 (83%), RCO3 (5%), isoprene inferred peroxy radicals (6%), and terpene determined peroxy radicals (1%). A decent connection amongs model and field estimations for aggregate RO2 for the vast majority of the chose stations recommends that they are proper foundation locales as the air processesoccurring at these stations are illustrative of the science occurring inside the whole model lattice square in which they are found. The regularity displayed by RO2 has been considered, with very much characterized cycles (most elevated in summer and least in winter) seen in the two halves of the globe. Peroxy radical-water edifices, while not spoke to utilizing Chemical Transport Models (CTMs) already, are proposed to irritate RO2 science. The criticalness of water bunches (RO2.H2O) is researched utilizing the STOCHEM-CRI demonstrate and uncovers that at 300 K the extent of RO2 taking part in complexation with water is roughly 12% in the tropics. Isoprene inferred radicals are the most unequivocally bound of RO2 species examined and their level of complexation at approx. 300 K far outperforms that of the nonexclusive peroxy radicals by 3– 5%. At higher heights (approx. 8 km) portrayed by sub-encompassing temperatures, the division of RO2.H2O complex that can exist is roughly 17% in the upper troposphere above Mace Head (Northern Hemisphere), 14% above Cape Grim (Southern Hemisphere), and 8% above Mauna Loa (Tropics).

The dawn of political and social consciousness among the western educated Indians in India and England ultimately paved the way for the ameliorative measures for the for the socially and economically depressed classes by the British Government in India. The economic divide between the land-owning higher castes and landless lower castes was justified and accepted by the fatalistic streak in the world view of the Tamil society. In other words, this world view sanctified by the sastric injunctions through caste hierarchy prevented the servile castes from even contemplating or liberating themselves from their landless and status deprived position in Tamil society. Therefore, help had to come from outside the sastric sanctified system and this outside help paved the way for the development of the political and social consciousness among the Depressed Classes Labourers.

Education is the hope and dream of every person. Education has to prepare man to face the unknown, unpredictable and uncertain tomorrow. Husain and Idris (2010), state that education is the only means by which the personality of people and society can be developed. Education is responsible for the holistic health of an individual in terms of physical, social, mental, emotional and spiritual development. Development in the field of education has provided human beings with countless means of ways to improve quality of life.

The Criminal Tribes Act of 1911 was brought by the British Government to bring the criminal tribes under the control of the law and administration. In practice , it was very strictly followed by the Colonial Government to suppress the activities of the Kallars, Maravars and Koravas in the erstwhile Madras Presidency, The Act controlled the free movement of the Kallars in Madurai District and Maravars in the Ramnad and Tirunelveli Districts. The British had to wage a fierce struggle against the Marava Polligars and Kallar Kavalkars in the second half of the Eighteenth Century. After the end of the Poligar Wars , the British brought the Marava Poligars and Kallar Kavalkars into submission and converted them into Zamindras. The British even formed the Madras Presidency in 1802. By nature the Kallars and the Maravars possessed martial qualities. Even though they were suppressed by the Criminal Tribes Act, their inborn spirit of independence could not be annihilated. The British considered them as real threat to their existence ad survival in the Tamil region. The Kallars and the Marvars also furnished a strong native resistance and expressed their nationalistic and patriotic sentiments against the British now and then. In this regard ,the role of U. Muthuramalinga Thevar was remarkable .He enlisted the support of the Kallars and the Maravars against the implementation and working of the Criminal Tribes Act in Tamil region.

Chagas disease was named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas who discovered the disease in 1909. It is caused by the parasite Trypanosomacruzi, which is transmitted to animals and people by insect vectors and is found only in the Americas. Still the disease is prevailing in the Americas. The bibliographic databases like Medline, Scopus etc use two variant forms of author names as author name and full author name. This creates discrepancy in listing the high productive authors. For example, the names Charle, Elizabeth having 5 publications and Charle, Eric having 8publications will be listed as charle, E with 13 publications. Hence, ranking of authors according to short form and full will have two types leading to an ambiguity in identifying high prolific authors. This study illustrates this ambiguity in ranking of authorsusing scientometric analysis of Chagas disease research as case study.

As of now in India, the national economy and marketplace are experiencing quick changes and change. An extensive number of reasons could be credited to these changes. One reason in these adjustments in the Indian Market Scenario is Globalization, and the consequent and coming about touchy development of worldwide exchange and the international rivalry. The other explanation behind these adjustments in the Indian Market Scenario is the innovative change. This is an essential factor on the grounds that the mechanical intensity is making, the Indian market, as well as the worldwide marketplace vicious. In the Indian Marketing Scenario, the market achievement goes to those companies that are best coordinated to the current ecological goals. Those companies that can convey what the general population need and can enchant the Indian clients are the market pioneers. Today the companies are working in such a marketplace where survival of the fittest is the law. So as to win, the companies are turning out with different new and advancing methodologies on the grounds that the Indian market is likewise changing quickly. It is to catch the Indian market, that the Indian and the Multi-National Companies are utilizing the majority of their assets. The Indian market is never again a dealers market. The champ is the person who offers some benefit for cash. An extensive number of companies have immense inactive limits, as they have wrongly determined the market estimate and introduced tremendous limits. This has additionally added to changing over the Indian market into a purchasers market. The Indian Marketing Scenario is one of the greatest shopper markets and that is exactly the motivation behind why India has pulled in a few MNCs. These expansive Multi-National Companies have understood that to prevail in the Indian market-put they have to enlist Indian delegate who are substantially more mindful of the Indian monetary, political, lawful and social substances. In the Indian Marketing Scenario, it is the MADE FOR INDIA marketing methodologies that work.

Initiative is the possibility to impact conduct of others. It is likewise characterized as the ability to impact a gathering towards the acknowledgment of an objective. Pioneers are required to create future dreams, and to spur the hierarchical individuals to need to accomplish the dreams. Administration is the capacity of a director to prompt the subordinates to work with certainty and energy. Leadership is a process by which an executive can direct, guide and influence the behavior and work of others towards accomplishment of specific goals in a given situation.

As stated by David Crystal (1980), “Negation (Negative) is a process or construction in GRAMMATICAL and SEMANTIC analysis which typically expresses the contradiction of some or all of a sentence’s meaning.”

Co-operative banks are the banks whose main objective is to provide financial assistance to economically weaker sections of the society.Cooperative banks differ from other bank by their organization, their objectives, their values and their governance. They are often regulated under both banking and cooperative legislation. They provide services such as savings and loans to non-members as well as to members. Indeed, even the movement of agreeable banks in urban regions has expanded incredibly as of late because of the sharp ascent in the quantity of mainstream helpful banks. Cooperative banks extend all types of credit lines to customers in cash as well as in kind, to anticipate consumer loans, extend banking services in rural areas, mobilize deposits, control the use of loans, etc.

There is a growing concern for the environment in present times amongst consumers. Additionally, pressure from regulatory bodies which verbalize guidelines to meet societal and ecological apprehensions to enable growth of business and economy are compelling organizations toadopt environmentally friendly practices to sustain the growth in this competitive era. One of the approaches to exhibiting the concern for the environment is through implementing the Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices in the organization. The literature is available but it is yet to illustrate a broad frame for the GSCM. This article is an attempt to classify the concept of GSCM in detail which will help researchers, academicians and industry in understanding GSCM from a broader perspective.

Women are embracing the concept of empowerment because of their situations - their disempowerment and their unmet needs. As women have increasingly discovered their commonalities through improved means of communication and through international conferences such as the 1995 NGO Conference in Beijing, they have attempted to understand the global and local, political, economic and cultural forces that shape these situations. While there are many factors that play a role in gender based satisfaction an examination of international development during the past half century provides insight into some of these factors.

S.R. Ranganathan was called as the Father of Indian Library. He belongs to Tamilnadu. He was born in Nagapattinam District. His early education in Sirkali high school. He graduate in Chennai Christian college. In his college life he participated in various conference. He was interested in reading books and journals. He was a Mathematician, but his interest in library science.He worked as a professor and librarian in Banars University. In his tenure he allotted funds to develop the library throughout India. He introduced the new system to develop the library. He also worked in Delhi University and the member Board studies in the University. Due to his contribution the Government of India honored him as Padmasree awarded. His attitude should plays throughout the world.

Basketball is the most practiced game in the world. Basketball is considered an intermittent high intensity sport that requires a well-developed physical fitness to be successfully played. Authors consider lower-limbs explosive power and aerobic fitness as main factors in basketball physical performance and training. Specifically, a good level of lower-limbs explosive power is considered useful to perform powerful accelerations and winning jumps during the game. The study was designed to investigate the “effect of specific training on motor fitness parameters of college level men basketball players”. To achieve these purpose of the study, 30 college level basketball players were randomly selected from, Coimbatore district. They were divided into two groups. The group I was considered as experimental group and group II was considered as control group. The investigator did not make any attempt to equate the group. The control group was not given any exercise and the experimental group was given specific training for five days per week. The experimental group was given training for the period of 8 weeks of specific training. The following criterion variables were chosen namely speed, and leg explosive power. All the dependent variables were assessed before and after the training period of 8 weeks. The collected data on motor fitness parameters due to effect of specific training was analyzed by computing mean and standard deviation. In order to find out the significant improvement if any, ‘t’ test was applied. 0.05 level of confidence was fixed to test the level of significance. The study revealed that the motor fitness parameters were significantly improved due to the influence of specific training of college level men basketball players.

Punnaikayal played a very dominant role in South Indian Catholic Missions. Many Jesuits have been visited this place. Among them, Francis Xavier, Mansillas, Criminale and Henriquez were notable missionaries. The settlement of the Portuguese paved the way for the missionary activities on the fishery coast on a large scale. Punnaikayal is a big fishing village situated on the estuary of river Tamraparni (also known as Porunai), the chief river of the Tirunelveli district. Xavier was the first Jesuit in South India to establish a commanding influence on the newly converted Christians. He was considered the political and spiritual agent of the Portuguese of the Fishery Coast. Colonisation and the spread of Christianity went hand in the Pearl Fishery Coast. The Franciscan missionaries spread Catholicism in the fishery coast even before the arrival of the Jesuits. Francis Xavier, a Jesuit missionary arrived at the coast in 1542. He was followed by several missionaries but very few missionaries have left great impact on the people. The work of the Jesuit missionaries who strengthened the faith of the Paravas in Catholic faith and who upgraded the economic position of the Paravas. The religious zeal of the Jesuits gathered the people of different caste, creed and religion. Thus the services of the Jesuits missionaries were notable and valuable in Punnaikayal.

Diverse types of heteropoly acids (HPAs) and supported ones on solids with different nature and textural properties were used in some reactions in order to obtain quinoline derivatives. This conversion has been preceded by tungsto-phosphoric acid supported on silica, KSF and activated carbon as optimized catalysts in high yields and short reaction times. The general applicability of this method is demonstrated by using various substrates including ketones, ketoesters and diketones. These catalysts were found to be reusable and considerable catalytic activity could still be achieved after the runs.

The Constructive Programme of Gandhi and Congress were started soon after the Chaui Chaura incident during the Non-Co-operation Movement. Among the items of the Constructive Programme, Khadar Campaign was directly connected with the economic activity. When the British economically exploited the Indians, the Kahadar Programme gave a succor the village industries. To promote Khadar , the Congress volunteers involved in the picketings of the shops which sold foreign cloth. Boycott of foreign cloth occupied a central stage in the Khadar Campaign in Madurai, other parts of Tamil Country and even in the Madras Presidency. Many volunteers were arrested and severely ill-treated in prisons. The Khadar campaign was less successful in Non-Co-operation Movement and much successful during the Civil-Disobedience Movement in Tamil Country. This Movement became a flourishing campaign in the Gandhian Era . In the independent period, the Prakasam Ministry promoted Khadi Scheme with the full-fledged patronage of Gandhi.

Heterocycles incorporating a 2(1H)-pyridone framework constitute an extensively studied class of compounds owing to their diverse biological activities ranging from anti-HIV, antibacterial and antifungal to free radical scavengers. Pyridin- 2(1H)-ones are known to possess a wide range of biological activities such as analgesic, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, phytotoxic, antitumoral and antiviral properties. We have tried to designed a novel class of phenylacetic acid isomers possessing N-difluoromethyl-1,2- dihydropyrid-2-one pharmacophore attached to its C-2, C-3 or C-4 position for evaluation as antiinflammatory agents.

Different antibiotics were used for efficacy viz. chloramphenicol, Cloxacillin, erythromycin, ampicillin, kanamycin against Rhizobium nepotum was studied in vitro at 10, 15, 30 µg and 10 unit. Chloramphenicol, ledermycin, gentamycin, cephalosporin,streptomycin, tetracycline and kanamycin inhibit the growth of Rhizobium nepotum (LT56076) at all concentrations while cloxacillin, erythromycin, ampicillin, amoxycillin and penicillin were ineffective.

Pesticides are used for effective protection of plants from pest. Extensive use of pesticide result into disturbance in natural biological system. Pesticides used to control the pest can be harmful for nitrogen fixing bacteria. The objective of present study is to assess the effect of 2,4- dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, Atrazine, Glyphosate on the growth of Rhizobium nepotum (LT56076) isolated from Aeschynomene indica in vitro. The Rhizobium nepotum (LT56076) morphologically characterized on CRYMA medium and authenbticated by using 16s rRNA sequence. Rhizobium nepotum (LT56076) was treated with 10,20,30 ?l/ml Atrazine and Glyphosate inhibit the growth of Rhizobium nepotum (LT56076) and compared with control.

There has been renaissance in the field of Indian poetics in the recent times. Applying different theories of Indian poetics has been attracting considerable attraction. According to Indian Acaryas “literature does not aim merely to give pleasure but it is to create rasa to relish (the aesthetic pleasure) in us, through the process of Rasanisptti’, it is the main function of literature. The oldest book on rasas is regarded is ‘Natyasashtra’ composed by ‘Bharat Muni’ in the 6th century. In the 6th and 7th chapters of ‘Natyasashtra’ delineation of rasa is described in details.

Thoughts play an important role in strengthening the mind and inducing chemical changes in the body. When the mind functions through the five senses and take the shape and qualities through experiences, man forgets his real nature. Even when the sixth sense starts developing, man does not wake up for this slammer. Evil thoughts harm the body and the mind producing chemical changes, wastage of life energy and bio-magnetism. Evil thoughts should be avoided and noble ones to be allowed to grow in the mind so that one’s personality can be transformed the more we understand the wonders of the mind, the greater will be our happiness, satisfaction and peace.

The broad objective of the present study is assessing the effectiveness of industry centric curriculum with competence - contribute - support model, which is newly designed by the researcher. Hence the curriculum designed by the University and four autonomous colleges those who introduced the course were selected for the study. There was no sampling technique used because the first batch all final year students of B.Com BPS and BBA BPM (N=150) were taken for the study. All the teachers handling industry institute curriculum from four colleges were contacted for data collection to identify their contribution in inculcation. Separate structured questionnaires were designed for students and faculty members to elicit related information. The collected data were consolidated and analyzed using Structural Equation Model. The constructs taken for the model were infrastructure facility and course design, support of faculty, industry contribution and students competence were used to measure the outcome of industry centric curriculum. The Chi-square degrees of freedom value is 0.000 which is less than 0.05 which indicates perfectly fit. Here GFI (Goodness of Fit Index) value and AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index) value is greater than 0.9 which represent it is a good fit. Based on the results obtained from structural Equation Model for the present study to assess the effectiveness of industry centric curriculum B.Com BPS/BBA BPM, it is concluded that the four important factors that contribute towards the effectiveness of educational innovation are infrastructure facility and course design, support of faculty, industry contribution and students competence.

The quinoline-5,8-diones are an important class of compounds with a wide spectrum of biological activites. Over the past three decades many variously substituted derivatives of quinoline-5,8-diones have been synthesized and reported. Our lab has developed several procedures for the Knoevenagel condensation and reduction of aldehydes and ketones with malononitrile. When this reductive alkylation procedure was attempted with quinoline-2-carboxaldehyde, a crude product was observed by NMR spectroscopy. This product rearranged upon attempted purification via recrystallization or column chromatography.

The Souras are an ancient folk inhabiting the mountainous regions of southern Odisha. Leading an isolated life from the main stream of modern civilization, they are the most conservative and traditional loving people. The religion and the religious life of the Souras is an enigma. More enigmatic are their system of worship, religious ceremony and rituals. Perhaps the religion of no other tribe is so elaborate and complicated as that of the Souras. Although the Soura’s pantheon has incorporated within itself a number of gods, goddess and demi-gods, their original belief system centers round the worship of ancestors and spirits. An attempt has been made in this paper to exhibit to the world the distinct nature of their religion and religious belief.

A close reading of the twentieth century and the twenty first century novels shows that they predominantly deal with double consciousness, inability, sarcasm, instability, immoral, and unethical issues, and inequality. Postmodern literature is characterized by narrative techniques. The techniques are fragmentation, stream of consciousness, paradox, symbols, the unreliable narrator, and style. Postmodern writers will in general commend chance over art, and further utilize metafiction to undermine the essayists position. Another characteristic feature of postmodern literature is the questioning of ethical dilemma through the use of pastiche, the combination of subjects and genres. The postmodern principles are highly connected with Ian McEwan. Ian Russell McEwan is a multifaceted Postmodern British novelist, short story writer, children writer, playwright and screenwriter. He has won the Man Booker Prize for his novel Amsterdam (1998). This paper tries to analyse Sweet Tooth as a postmodernist novel.

In India, there are many libraries where library automation and use of new information technologies are in planning stage. Librarian and library managers are making effort to automate their libraries. Authors of this paper try to accommodate each and everything, which required for successful library automation. This plan describes the Basic elements of managing the automation planning process in primarily special and R & D libraries. This write-up provides a detailed overview of a planning process designed to help to make decisions about library automation. Practical suggestions are offered on how library manager can effectively organize the process of library automation. Library automation and serves as a framework of establish the need for evaluation research related to automated systems.

Micro Finance and its main service micro credit are emerged as a visible credit channel to the poor mainly in micro enterprises. Microfinance means the broad spectrum of financial services such as loans, insurance, savings etc. provided to the people of low-income groups. Conversely, Microcredit focused to a small loan provided at a low-interest rate to the persons of below poverty line to make them self-employed and also help to the small entrepreneurs start their own business. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the impact of micro finance in women micro enterprises. The primary data were collected through structured interview schedule covering 100 women micro enterprises from Waynad district of Kerala. Conclusion of the study show finance and its products provide a positive impact on the development of women micro enterprises, it also enhance the development of entrepreneurs.

A bank is a financial institution that provides loans, advances and accepts deposits along with other financial services to its customers. There are also non-banking institutions that provide certain banking services without meeting the legal definition of a bank. Furthermore, Banks are a subset of the financial services to industry. A banking system also referred as a systematic cash management for its customers, reporting the transactions of their accounts and portfolios. It is not enough that the banking system in India should not only be the hassle free service, but it should be able to meet the new challenges posed by the technological advancements, internal and external factors. For the past few decades, Indian banking system has witnessed several marvelous achievements. In other words, the Banks are the main participants of the financial system in India which offer several financial facilities and opportunities to their customers. A bank safeguards the money, valuables and provides loans, credits and payment services, such as checking accounts, money orders, cheques, payment of bills on behalf of its customer, investment and insurance products, etc.

In the present time language is one of the blazing issues in India. Language plays a vital role in our life. Therefore after independence, various education commission of India emphasize to language learning in their recommendation. The present scenario of India is the first and second language teaching is also measured but the third language teaching naturally neglected. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of multimedia presentation on achievement in third language learning among upper primary students. As the present study intended to see the effectiveness of multimedia approach in teaching third language. So the investigator had to conduct an experiment. For the purpose of the present study the investigator selected parallel group procedure. A sample consisting of 100 students of class viii was selected. Out of 100 students, 50 students were boys and 50 were girls selected for the purpose of the study in order to confine the study to a specific age and educational level. Traditional method of teaching was used to teach the controlled group. The selected topics of third language (Sanskrit) were taught in the same sequence. While experimental group was taught with multimedia approach. ‘t’-test and standard deviation were used to compare groups on mean gain scores. Thus the investigators conclude that the girls taught through multimedia approach showed better results than the girls taught through traditional method.

School climate refers to the quality and character of school life. It has been described as the heart and soul of the school. School climate is very important factor is student success and learning. As a teacher, it is important that they understand what school climate is and how it’s assessed so that they can be sure they are positively impacting their school’s learning environment. The sample constitutes 105 teachers from the corporation schools in Coimbatore Corporation Area, Tamilnadu by stratified random sampling procedure. The researcher used the CFK Ltd. School Climate Profile (Fox) for data collection. The result revealed that Female Teachers were better than that of Male Teachers in Corporation Schools in Coimbatore Corporation Area in respect of School Climate. There is no significant difference between Male Teachers working in Girls Schools and Mixed Schools in Coimbatore Corporation Area in respect of School Climate.

Manju Kapur belongs to the category of women writers such as Shashi Deshpande, Arundhati Roy, Githa Hariharan and Shobha De live in India and write in English. These novelists present in their writings the realistic social and political conditions which are very special to the Indian life and culture. Her debut novel Difficult Daughters, which won her the Commonwealth prize for first novel,(Eurasia Section),based in the late colonial period highlights the lives of four generations of women. Indian Women’s fiction posits the varied relationships within the family and the mother-daughter relationship with its ambiguous pains and pleasures have become an integral part of women’s fiction. The story of Virmati in Difficult Daughters is not all new; it almost happens in every household, where the eldest daughter has to carry on the lifelong duties of nurturing and looking after the younger siblings. Their education remains secondary. The mother-daughter relationship undergoes added conflict in the adolescent years. Thus Manju Kapur’s Difficult Daughters captures the complex relationship between mother and daughter over a period of three generations.

Angela Carter was a famous English novelist and journalist. She depicted in ‘The Times’ list of ‘The fifty Greatest British Writers Since 1945’. Her writings incarnate a vow to feminism and also incorporated shades of magical realism. As a young girl, she was enthused to take up journalism, following the path of her father and was soon appointed with ‘The Croydon Advertisement’. After a concise spell as a journalist, she started writing short-stories and fictions, the famous ones being, ‘The Infernal Desire Machines of Doctor Hoffman’, ‘Fireworks: Nine Profane Pieces’ and ‘Nothing Sacred’. To motivate herself, she roamed all around the sphere, drenched in all the dissimilar cultural diversities and knowledge, which she took back with her for her writing endeavor. Soon, her works began to echo a sense of feminism. She took her first step as a innate suffragette by espousing the works of Marquis de Sade, offering generally positive reviews about her work.

The basic factor bringing change in a society is availability of health care facilities. This paper accounts for the health care facilities available in Cuddalore district and the development trend in the health status of the people in the region during 1947-67. This article highlight the changes occurred in the sphere of public health due to availability of health facilities. The maternal and child health services are discussed in this article. This article finally concludes with extensive development in public health care in cuddalore district in 1947-67.

Sugar production has occupied a major place in the world’s market as other commodities. Many of the farmers are completely depending on the sugarcane production for their livelihood. There is a significant difference in the production of sugar in different countries of world. The present study has attempted to examine the level of sugar production in the selected Asian countries and also examined the trends in the sugar production for the period 2010-2016.

The man of voracious reader in American literature is Walt Whitman. He became a well-known writer even though once he was a trader. He is known for his book “Leaves of Grass”. This is the compilation of poems about celebrating self. The failures he faced in his life wrought him as a new man and he started his career as a school teacher. Later, he turned himself as journalist and editor. He uttered the slavery marketing in the journal called “New Orleans”. He started to write the poetry in new method and published in the news paper called “free soil”. The sole style of Walt Whitman gave a stimulation to Ralph Waldo Emerson.Whiteman got the patent of “Leaves of Grass” in 1855. It is the collection of a preface and twelve untitled poems. The second edition of “Leaves of Grass” consists of thirty three poems. He built-in a letter from Emerson and the reply to that letter by Whitman incorporated in the second edition. He celebrates self in his writings. He writes it as: ‘I Sing the Body Electric’, ‘The Sleepers’, and ‘Song of Myself’ are fetched the renown for him. The present paper seeks to reside upon Whitman’s appearance of one’s self within the poetry form, and he says, “celebrate myself/and what I take for granted you shall assume/For each atom own to me as good belong to you”. Here, Whitman thinks himself, first and foremost jointly with his plan of theself, his recognition of self with others, and ultimately his association with the nature and the universe. Normally, the poems of Whitman depict the Indian philosophy and particularly of the teaching of the BhagavadGeeda. It is the most famous religious text in Hinduism, and at the similar time he voiced the Western philosophy of Kant, Hegel, and Emerson in his writings.

In every society, there is a great demand for leaders. Every society, for its survival, asks for more and better leaders. The insistence on the demand for leaders is evidently due to the pressing needs of the environment. There needs to be talent for leading. Everybody cannot lead and every person cannot effectively handle organized human relationships. Keeping this in view, leadership problem is a matter that concerns about every number of societies. Leaders try to influence the behavior of others for attainment of some specified goals and objectives. Leadership behavior is in great demand in various fields of life situations – social, political, cultural, educational, and so on. Leadership is, therefore, a very important feature of many spheres of human activity. The purpose of this study is to establish the reliability and validity of the tool Leadership Preference Scale. The study has revealed that the reliability and validity of the tool was ensured.

The importance of social-emotional functioning in teacher trainees is justified for the reason very soon they will take up the job of teaching in primary schools, the starting point of formal education. As theoretically shown, the social-emotional learning programmes develop social-emotional competencies which when put into practice in practical situations; it turns out to be social-emotional functioning. The analysis reports the existence of strong relationship between social-emotional functioning and ego-resiliency. Finally, ego-resiliency has emerged as significant factors predicting the nature of social-emotional functioning.

Point bar is a typical depositional landform of fluvial process. Point bars are found in abundance in mature or meandering streams. They are crescent-shaped and located on the inside of a stream bend, being very similar to, though often smaller than, towheads, or river islands. Point bars are composed of sediment that is well sorted and typically reflects the overall capacity of the stream. This physical feature is commonly found in the lower part of the Hooghly river. Point bars are very suitable location for brick kilns. There are many causes for choosing such a fragile landscape to set up this industry. Brick industry is an ancient industry in India. It is a distinctive type of enterprise of point bars and of inland vacant area as well, throughout the country. However, gradually the point-bar kilns are becoming a sick industry. The basic opportunities to set up the point-bar kilns have been highlighted in this article. Besides that, the article is also concerned about the problems coming out of the function of the point-bar kilns along with some probable remedies.

Marketing is a vital part of any business and therefore deserves utmost attention. With the world changing at the split of a second the marketing methods are undergoing a fundamental transformation. Consumers and businesses are increasingly shifting their attention from traditional marketing media like television, radio, and print publications to the digital marketing media like Internet, wireless devices, etc. Digital marketing is fast gaining popularity and is in many ways more influential than traditional marketing due to enhanced level of efficiency, speed, greater focus on customer, more cost effectiveness etc. Besides social networks and social media, digital marketing are giving a tough challenge to traditional marketing.

Udalguri was an important trade place of Mangaldai subdivision under the district of Darrang. Bhutia traders of Towang and other hills tribes used to come down with their products to Udalguri for trading in winter season of every year. Therefore, the colonial authority established civil station at Udalguri to communicate with Sath Raja of Kuripara Duar as well as Deb Raja of Towang. The British government established annual trade fair at Udalguri, which started from January to March in every year. Udalguri trade fair become largest fair in the whole frontier areas of Darrang district where Monpas of Kuriapara and Bhutanese of Bhutan as well as the Tibetans and the people of Assam visited. The district authority of Darrang hold a Darbar at the time of last day of the trade fair to distribute posa to Deb Raja of Towang as well to meet the Sath Raja of Kuriapara Duar to discuss common issues of the frontier.

Organizational citizenship behaviour characterized by individuals voluntarily extending contributions that are above and beyond their respective job duties, is regarded as a factor influencing an organisation’s effectiveness (organ 1990). A better management system must encourage extra behaviour that enhances organisational effectiveness. This extra behaviour is called Organisational Citizenship Behavior. Employers and managers, in general, would want their employees to go beyond their defined roles, be a sport and promote their organization to outsider’s at the same time maintaining good healthy working relationship within the organization. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of HRD functions On Organisational Citizenship Behavior.The study was conducted in sugar companies across Gadag and Halyal.The purpose of the paper was To determine the implications of Training and Development on OCB, To study the impact on Performance Appraisal on OCB, To identify the impact of Compensation on OCB, To measure the impact of Grievance management on OCB, To know the implication of Employee Empowerment Policies on OCB and To know the effect of Health and Safety practices on Organisational Citizenship Behaviour. Accordingly the hypotheses weredesigned. Questionnaire was developed using Thurston Scale and was administered to all the 335 employees of different sugar companies located in Gadag and Halyal.Regression Analysis was used to analyse the data.The regression test revealed that HRD functions in an organisation have a positive impact on OCB levels that the employees display in the company. Educational Qualification has a significant impact on OCB levels that the employees display in the company. Experience has a significant impact on OCB levels that the employees display in the company. Training has no significant impact on OCB levels that the employees display in the company. Appraisal has no significant impact on OCB levels that the employees display in the company. Compensation has no significant impact on OCB levels that the employees display in the company Grievance management practice has significant impact on OCB levels that the employees display in the company. Health and safety has no significant impact on OCB levels that the employees display in the company. Employee Empowerment has impact on the OCB levels that the employees display in the company.

Feminist is too elaborate expression to encapsulate within a specific one-line description. In other words, it can even be said that Feminism has not been defined in any precise manner. In short, feminism does not have a particular label or definition of any kind and this is well expressed by Alice Jardine, Yet in a broadly laid perspective it is a purposely structured stand against patriarchal exploitation of any kind and an attempt to recover a female identity and selfhood lost through time. For a proper inference of feminism, it may be interpreted as bid to extend membership in universal human nature, there by gaining eligibility for human rights, to that category of ‘being’ named ‘woman’. This is perhaps the exact point conveyed by MARY WOLLSTONECRATT’s title to her book a vindication of the Rights of Woman. Feminism thus tries to establish woman as not an object or a relative entity of man, instead it categorically insists on assimilating women to the class of human race. Thus feminism claims at not differentiating woman as a separate category but in incorporating and unifying her to whatever it is to be human, women are that too and therefore eligible for the rights that human beings are entitled for.

The present investigation attempts to find out the relationship between infographic skills and Blended Learning Environment among the maths faculty members of the technical and technological institutions. For which, the normative survey method was used as a method of the study. The 200 teachers constituted the sample of the study and they were administered the tool that correlate their infographic skills and blended learning environment. The results shown that the infographic skills and blended learning environment are positively correlated each other.

This research article focuses its attention on the perception of bank employees working in the nationalized banks in Tirunelveli district on the electronic banking. In order to achieve this, the researcher used survey method of research. Using a self-constructed tool, the data were collected from 800 bank employees in 8 taluks of Tirunelveli district using simple random sampling technique. Mean, Standard Deviation and F test were applied to analyze the data. From the findings of the study, it revealed that significant difference is found in the perception of bank employees on the transaction data, factors contributing better services, difficulties in working with E-channels and core banking solution with respect to certain demographic variables like age, annual income and years of experience.

With the introduction of British administration in the Naga Hills taxation in some form or other became a necessity. It had two fold purposes. Firstly, the payment of revenue was a manifestation of loyalty to the government. In case of the Nagas particularly the Angami this measure was of special significance because Angami had for long time refused to submit to the British rule. Secondly, the British administration in India was colonial in character. It began with East India Company whose primary purpose in the country was to trade and profit. This mercantile nature of the British government in India didnt totally change even after the transfer of the power from East India Company to the British crown in 1858. The British intention in India was to meet the expense of the administration out of its own revenue and even save a portion of revenue for remittance to England.

Demographic issue is one of the most important phenomena in relation to the existences of a community or nationality. Demographic changes always affects the genetic, ecological, historical, geographic, social, cultural, religious and political aspect of a society.1 On the one hand, normal demographic change in a society is effected through the interaction of the three factors, namely demographic structure, demographic process and social structure. On the other hand abnormal demographic expansion in a state may be effected by sudden or compulsion migration internal or external.2 In the present paper focus is being made on the normal demographic changes as migration has little significance in the growth of population in the Naga Hills due to the Inner Line Regulation Act and the Nagas in general seldom leave their native village.

The study of human behaviour is incomplete without its affective aspects,feelings and emotions. Self Concept and anxiety are the psycho dynamic factors of human behaviour. The objective of the present study is to find out the relation between Self Concept and Anxiety of NSS and Non NSS higher Secondary Students. The sample comprised of 200 Higher Secondary Students which 100 NSS and 100 Non NSS students. Standardised tools,namely Muktha Rasthogis Self Concept Inventory and Tailors Manifest Anxiety Inventory are used. The study reveals a high relationship between NSS and Non NSS Students. And it is found that NSS students have high Self Concept And low Anxiety as compared to Non NSS students. The study highlights the effectiveness of NSS programmes in developing Self Concept and reducing Anxiety among Higher Secondary Students.

The present study was conducted to find out the learning styles of teachers at secondary level. Survey method was conducted on a sample of 636 secondary teachers in Mandya district. Learning Styles Inventory by Honey and Mumford was used for data collection. Data was analysed by using percentage. The findings were discussed in the study and relevant implications were given.

This Study was conducted to identify the Socio-Economic status of farmers living in Salem district especially Ayothiyapattinam and veerapandi block who using thirnumanimuttar river for agriculture activities. Sample selected from simple random sampling technique and a structural quietionarise was prepared for collecting the data. This study revealed that sex ratio, community status, family size was high in Ayothiyapattinam block but age wise classification, income and educational status were high percentage in veerapandi block. Recycling process of thirnumanimuttar river reduce the impacts faced by farmers life especially veerapandi block.

The present article on R.W. Emersons "The American Scholar" concentrates on its relation to Emersons life and a ideas, but a notable exception is Richard P. Adams article, which provides an excellent investigation of Emersons use of the Organic metaphor, specifically the formula derived from the living plant. Adams article provides a stepping-stone to closer examination of Emersons literary technique in The American Scholar a careful reading of which indicates that, although vestiges of more formal features of discursive writing images which collectively serve as a structuring motif. This imagery, particularly as it finally relates to the notion of the One Man, represents Emersons experiment with a mode of internal organization.

Social media is defined as a media for the society, for people to get more social and start a conversion. Social media’s connectivity is maintained through the thought, opinion, picture, video and quote etc. Social media allows an interactive platform to everyone from common man to any citizen, politicians to actors, and editors to opinionators in political, social and economic field. Today, the approach to campaigning in any election, championing any social cause, or seeking opinions has similarly moved to new platforms. Social media is not just change in technology; it is a change in how people communicate. This generation, especially has been brought up in a World of hyper-communication. It means that, social platform are an excellent place to engage youth. This change has to be reflected in youths behave, not just online but in family and everywhere. Now a day the attachment of youth with World is dispersed largely but he has no leisure time for his family.

India, with a vast population of over 1,000 million individuals, is facing the gravest problem of the century in the form of unemployment of worthy and productive citizens. This includes unemployment and under employment of the young and the old. This results in low productivity and nil or very low incomes. This also leads to the further degradation of household standards. The poverty is perpetuated. Again, the violent measures taken up by the youth agitations and individual frustration, which reaches a new pinnacle everyday are its results. According to the latest estimates, there are 40 million people on the streets and seek employment in one form or the other. There is an addition of 7 million people to this figure every year.

In this society, as there are various rituals to welcome the birth of a new one, similarly there are various rituals to show our respect, love and sorrow towards one’s death. Even there has been an inherited concept about the fact that one’s life beyond death depends on his day to day’s karma.

It is a well-known fact that advertisement plays a major role in increasing the sales of any product introduced in the market. Particularly advertisement that uses the image of a celebrity has huge impact. But as the trends change, the current trend is to use the celebrities from the field of sports. Using sports celebrities in the advertisements in order to reach wider audience has become a trend in the Indian context and moreover huge amount of money is being spent for this purpose. That is the reason why the present research has focused on this particular area. The major focus of the present research is to identify the impact of sports celebrity advertisements on the purchase intention of the consumers. It has included both high involvement product as well as low involvement product. Mixtures of 450 U.G. students and faculties from 10 colleges which are affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli have been selected for analysis. The respondents were chosen using convenience sampling method. the present research has suggested that in the case of Low Involvement Product sports celebrity advertisements can be used to increase the purchase intention of the consumers. But in the case of High Involvement Product, sports celebrity advertisements can be used only while introducing new products and for popularising it.

Common Property Resources (CPRs) accessible to collectively owned/held/managed by an identifiable community and on which no individual has exclusive property rights are called common property resources (Jodha 1986). This results that co-users of the resources are a well-defined group of persons. The proponents of this approach hold that “a resource becomes common property only when the group of people who have the right to its collective use is well defined, and the rules that govern their use of it are set out clearly and followed universally”. In general those people who are depending on Farming or doing Labour are more likely to dependent on Common Property Resources as CPR constitute major income source and generated livelihoods in the forms of fuel wood, medicinal plant, use of common grazing land for cattle and pets, getting access to fallow or barren land. Self-employed, business and Govt. employee class of people in general do not depend on CPR for their day to day livelihoods as their economy is largely not depends on it. Occupation of respondents is directly related with CPR use and access. CPR owned or held by an individual or a family or an organization like a company or corporation or co-operative institution is not being considered as CPRs. This study was carried out in 5 blocks namely Oddanchatram, Reddiyarchatram, Dindigul, Sanarapatti and Vadamadurai. These blocks were identified based on the high level of CPR present over there. From each of the above mentioned identified block 5 village Panchayats have been selected. The required data was collected from 1000 rural dependent households with the help of a pre-tested interview schedule prepared exclusively for this purpose. To understand the nature of the data, firstly, frequency tables were prepared, and subsequently the analysis and tabulation have been carried out using research techniques based on the requirement.

Health is considered as a fundamental human right and a worldwide social goal. A healthy person is an asset to any society. However, the illness caused by HIV and its possible fatal consequences is a major health challenge.

‘‘In any country, the faith and confidence of the minorities in the functioning of the State in an impartial manner is an acid test of it being a just State”.

Now a day Public Libraries plays an important role in the development of local community. Public Libraries act as institution of society as well as community. In this article discusses the present status of public libraries in Dibrugarh and Sivasagar Districts, Assam. The study also reflects the contribution of public libraries towards community development in those surveyed public libraries.

The present paper deals with the various wild vegetable plants used by triabls of palghar district. During present study 30 species of plants have been studied. These wild plants are either consumed full plant or particular part of the plant. They are consumed either cooked or raw. Present study reveals the use of leaves as vegetable of 12 species, rhizome of 03 species , fruits as vegetable of 07 species and other part used as vegetable of 08 species .Villagers believe the reported plants to be are very nutritious. Therefore recording and conservation of these wild plant resources is must for the nutraceuetical studies as well as to protect and conserve plant biodiversity.

Trends and patterns of population growth is a significant demographic study as it form essential part of socio-economic development planning. This paper is aimed to analyse the trends and spatial patterns of population growth of Malda District of West Bengal. This work is based on the various sources of secondary data such as Census of India, District Census Handbook, District Statistical Handbook etc. The growth rate of population is measured in terms of arithmetic rate of increase. It is observed from the study that the population of Malda District is increasing at an alarming rate and tends towards population explosion. The decadal growth rate of 1991-2001 and 2001-2011 of this district was higher than the state and national averages. As per 2011 Census, this district recorded second highest decadal growth rate in population in the state, however, the population growth rate is not uniform throughout the district. The block level analysis of population growth shows that the growth rate is highly uneven and also varies significantly between rural and urban areas. Moreover, differential in population growth is observed by religion in the district.

The tribles in india are characterized by the dominant groups as distinactive with their comparatively more isolated habitation in the hilly and the forest areas, and their distnct social, economic and cultural lives. The connotation ‘tribe’ attributed to certain ethnic groups in india is the lagacy of the british colonial rule. The term continues to be used in dealing with the exotic indigenous people of india who live outside the cities and townships. In the present day, tribes are found to live in forests, hills, and forest terrains which are the repository of minerals, hydraulic and forest resources with their exotic culture which is peculiar to modren day people. Therefore, the outsiders designate them with various names.

Despite of the fact that there are a huge number of engineering graduates passing out from the college every year, they are unable to get any decent job in the recent years. Therefore, engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu today are facing a crisis and their seats remain unfilled. The teachers are the most affected due to this problem. They face a lot of stress in their job and because of this reason retaining them in the colleges has become very difficult. The major focus of the present article is to analyse the relationship between job stress, job engagement and job retention. It is located in Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu and the total number of respondents is 427. The data was collected from these respondents using multi stage area sampling techniques from probability method. In order to analyse the data tools like anova T-test, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling and mean score ranking analysis were used. One of the major finding of the present research is that job stress leads to a decrease in job retention, but when the mediator job engagement interferes, there is a huge impact in job retention. Therefore, the present research has suggested that in order to increase job retention among the teaching faculties of engineering colleges, they will have to increase the job engagement factor among the faculties.

This study aimed to identify the spatial efficiencies of distribution of public health care centers in Mysuru city, focusing on the maternal and child healthcare servicesrelated to slum dwellers in Mysuru city. The present study has used both primary and secondary sources of data and used GIS software ArcMap 10 for locational analysis and to map urban primary health care centers in Mysuru city.

The main objective of this study was to find out the significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of higher secondary school students. In this study, survey method was used. A sample of 200 students was chosen in Dindigul district. Emotional Intelligence by Dr. S.K. Mangal & Mrs. Mangal was used for data collection. Data was analyzed by t-test and r-value. Results found that there is significant difference in emotional intelligence and academic achievement of higher secondary school students with respect to gender and locality. Finding also showed that there is significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of higher secondary school students.

Training is fundamental for the advancement of any law based nation. India is a democratic nation. The soul of the Indian Constitution is to give parallel chance to each resident to develop and accomplish their potential, independent of rank, religion or gender. Everyone has a sexual orientation character. In India there are three sex; male, female and transgender. In a historic point judgment, the Supreme Court of India on April 2014 made the "third sexual orientation" status for hijras or trans sexual orientations. According to statistics 2011, there are around 4.9 lakh third sexual orientation in the nation who faces social segregation and harassment. Trangenders were regarded before in the general public however circumstance has changed and they presently confront segregation and provocation. Presently, transgenders will examine in schools and universities with all office favoring their confirmation under the classification of "distraught gathering" characterized by the Right to Education Act2009 (RTE). Transgenders are qualified for twenty five percent reservation under the monetarily weaker segment (EWS) and distraught students class for affirmation. They are socially and financially in reverse. Transgender will be permitted affirmation in instructive organizations and given work on the premise that they had a place with the third sexual orientation category. The Supreme Court said nonattendance of law perceiving hijras as third sexual orientation couldnt be proceeded as a ground to segregate them in profiting parallel open doors in instruction and employment. The Supreme Court said they will be given instructive and work reservation as OBCs. Transgenders are denied of social and social investment, are evaded by family and society. This paper is as a stage towards upgrading the investment of transgender in standard instruction including advanced education, proficient training and business. The paper has dissected the present instructive, social furthermore, business status of transgender network in India.

In the present scenario, bringing joy to learning process is indeed essential for creating an active community of student, through which it’s easier to improve learning process successfully and also achieve a much higher order of school satisfaction and societal happiness. Joyful learning is possible when it depends and related with pleasing life situation. It boosts up with the students level of confidence, creating interest, meaning, love, value, creativity, appreciation, fun etc. These are altogether developing the student’s pursuit of excellence. But fostering excellence through equity and inclusion is important for the sustainable development in education.If the pupils with disabilities excluded separately from the main streem, it will make them more conscience about their disability and it leads them towards inferiority complex that will be a barrier towards their learning process and social integration. Inclusive education is the single most effective instrument for social and economic transformation. So inclusive education is necessary for the development of normal social adaptability, and keeping the disabled children away from discrimination against in regular schools, But in reality, many obstacles for the inclusive education from the side of the parents of the normal children who feels it as degraded and object to the system where their children are educated with the students of disabilities. Inclusive education requires ongoing support and collaboration of teachers and parents. In order for disabled children and normal children with different levels of cognitive ability and behavior to come together for learning and play, more preparation and supervision are required than the classroom only for normal children. In particular, in order for disabled children and normal children to harmonize naturally and promote social and emotional interactions, efficacy enhancement through a verity of intervention strategies and support are urgently needed.Suggestopedia, the suitable methods of “humanistic approaches” developed in 1970 by Bulgarian educator Lozanow. This paper focuses on how to deal with the relation between mental potential and learning effectively through suggestopedia, the pedagogic application;especially it is suitable method for development of teaching and learning process of inclusive classroom, in particular with teaching English as a second language. Even though the educational policy and practices are highly contrasted in different local contexts and it is in these struggle over value and purposes of education that hope lies.

The objective of this survey is to create awareness among the people about genetically inherited characters. Mendelian traits such as shape & colour of the hair, body hair, skin colour, white forelock, baldness, eye colour, ear lobes, nature of lip, size of the eye, size and shape of the foot were analysed from the individuals of coastal villages around Tiruchendur, Thoothukudi District. During the survey, the research team discussed with common people about their genetical characters and hereditary diseases. People were advised to avoid marriage between close relatives and before marriage each one must get medical report from authorities.

This study deals with single-vendor, single-buyer inventory control system with imper-fect production under individual management. The defective rate is a random variable. The model is developed for imperfect production process with perfect and partial infor-mation about the lead-time demand distribution. Here we first assume that the lead-time demand follows a normal distribution and then this conjecture is remove by the assump-tion that the first and second moments of the probability distribution of lead-time demand are known. These models are mixture production inventory models with backorder and lost sale in which the lead-time, order quantity are viewed as decision variables. For each case an algorithm is developed to find the pareto optimal ordering policy for the buyer and hence the production policy for the vendor. Some mathematical properties of the profit functions are analytically derived. Some numerical examples are also presented to illustrate the results of the proposed models.

The paper briefly introduces and explains the essence of indigenous Oromo conflict resolution institutions and an example of African Indigenous institutions that are relevant for the current condition of Africa in general and Oromo society in particular. It also illustrates how Oromo Indigenous institutions had functioned as a socio-political institution by preventing conflict oppression and exploitation and by promoting relative peace, security, sustainable development, and political sovereignty, and how those Indigenous institutions organized Oromo society around economic, cultural and religious institutions. Finally, the paper explores how the Oromo Indigenous Institutions play a role in preventing conflict and achieving sustainable peace for multinational democracy and struggles to revive and revitalize the Oromo democratic tradition.

Yoga is a kind of work out in which you move your body into different positions in order to become fit and flexible to get better your inhalation and to relax your mind. The reason of the present study was to find out the impact of yogic practices on muscular strength and flexibility of male physical education students. To attain the purpose of the study, 30 male students were selected from department of physical education and sports sciences, Annamalai University which serves as subjects. The age group was ranged between 21 to 23 years .The selected subjects were divided into two groups, experimental group (N=15) and control group (N=15). The experimental group goes through special training programmer of Yogic practices, for three days in a week, for the period of six weeks. The control group was not given any special training programmer apart from their regular activities. The physical variable which was examined during study was muscular strength and flexibility. All the collected data was analyzed with the help of statistical procedure in which Standard Deviation, Mean and “t” ratio were employed. The level of significance was set at 0.05 level of confidence. The result of the study showed that the six weeks training program had showed significant improvement on muscular strength and flexibility of male physical education students.

Physics is a very important subject for both board exam and competitive exam. The school physics syllabus from classes IX-XII is playing a vital role in various competitive examinations. To have very standard presentation in exams the students should prepare short notes for important derivations. The diagrams, circuits and graphs should be practiced well. This paper assesses the examination presentation style of +2 students with respect to physics subject. The sample consists of 850 +2 Physics students in Sivakasi District. Simple Random Sampling Technique was used. Examination Writing Style Inventory developed by the investigator and guide was used to collect the data. The statistical technique used was mean, standard deviation and ‘t’ test. The findings of the study were: i) The level of examination writing style of +2 physics students is low. ii) There is significant difference between male and female +2 Physics students in their examination writing style and iii) there is no significant difference between Tamil and English medium +2 Physics students in their examination writing style. Survey technique was adopted for this study. The educational implications and suggestions for further study are also given as per the findings of the study.

A comparative evaluation of social intelligence of national, state and district level male Kabaddi players has been carried out in the present study. To serve the purpose of the present study, 25 national male Kabaddi players (Average age 27.09 yrs), 25 state level male Kabaddi players (Average age 22.09 years) and 25 district level male Kabaddi players (Average age 20.91 years) were chosen as sample. SIS constructed and standardized by Chadha and Ganeshan (1986) was used to evaluate social intelligence of selected male Kabaddi players. One Way ANOVA indicate that social intelligence of national male Kabaddi players was superior as compared to state and district level male Kabaddi players. It was concluded that in team sport such as Kabaddi, social intelligence is the key for unified effort to achieve success.

Educational methodology is much significant part of teaching learning process. The world of education is moving from teacher centred education method and to student centred education method. This study explores a self learning technique Jigsaw in which educator acts as facilitator only. The technique employs groups to work on small problems they collate into a final product. More specifically, an in-class assignment topic is divided into sub topics. Students are then split into groups of four or eight members, typically corresponding to the number of topics in the assignment. Each student is assigned to represent a single topic within his or her group. Working individually, the students learn more about their topic that they present to their initial group for discussion and questions. Next, students change groups to speak with members from different groups who only represent the same topic. In same-topic groups, students reconcile points of view and synthesize information. They create a final report. Finally, the original groups reconvene and listen to presentations from each group member. The final presentations provide all group members with an understanding of their own material, as well as the final findings that have emerged from topic-specific group discussion.

Children with autism experience qualitative differences in social interaction, functional communication, and linguistic difficulties. They suffer from inadequate supply of words and responsive communicative skills. This impairment in social cognition makes them reluctant and mentally passive towards communication with the outside world, and hence they deem isolation as their preferred survival mechanism. Previous researches have revealed that, autistic children respond positively towards music and perform exceptionally well towards musical activities. Music could thus be used as an innovative pedagogical tool in the cognitive development process of autistic children, and it could also initiate and encourage their accommodation in normal academic institutions which would promote inclusive education. Music as a pedagogical tool nurtures diverse cognitive resources such as visual-spatial processing, memory, motor programming, auditory and verbal processing. Therefore, it could be utilized as a stimulus to analyze and develop the various cognitive skills of the children suffering from autism. The present study intends to experimentally demonstrate the impact and level of influence of music towards the internal cognitive development of the autistic children, and also, to explore the use of music as an effective tool towards the enhancement of their social cognition, and to augment their social presence.

Thoothukudi is well known for pearl and fishery. Fish is an important source of multi nutrients providing with cheapest cost. The major constituents of fish muscle are proteins, fats, minerals and ashs. The percentage of water is good indicator of its relative contents of energy, proteins and lipid. Sardinella longiceps is easily available, low cost, and unpalatable having rich protein with alpha fatty acid, and carbohydrate etc. There may be group specific or even species difference in the biochemical composition. Even within a species, variations occur for individual fish or lots of fish taken at different times or under different conditions. Another type of variation in proximate composition occurs between different parts of the same fish. There is generally an increase in the oil content of the muscle from the tail portion towards the head. Similarly the light and red muscle will vary in the biochemical composition. It is against this background that we have to view the data on the biochemical composition of fish. The outcome of this study is expected to help in the elucidation of exact nutritional constituent and the nutritive value available in fish.

This paper describes the changes of improvement on percentage of body fat.40 men students from polytechnic college, were selected as subjects and they were equally divided in to 2 groups acted. Each group consisting of twenty each male student. Group I as experimental group and who underwent Circuit Training for twelve weeks and group-II considered as control group did not undergo any special training programme. Percentage body fat using was measured by Skin fold caliper by individual was recorded of pre and post test were conducted. The results of the study shows: There was a significant improvement on percentage body fat and however the improvement was in favour of experimental group due to twelve weeks of Physical training practice.

Sports performance at the highest level demands control of emotions so as to achieve peak performance as and when required. The ability to achieve peak performance at the right time embedded in emotional intelligence. The present study evaluated sports emotional intelligence of national male judo players of Chhattisgarh. This study comprise of 60 national male national / interuniversity judo players of Chhattisgarh. Sports Emotional Intelligence Test prepared and standardized by Agashe and Helode (2008) was preferred for evaluation of sports emotional intelligence among selected national male judo players. The results reveal that only 35% of the selected subjects possess highest magnitude of sports emotional intelligence, 48.3% exhibited moderate level of sports emotional intelligence while sports emotional intelligence of 16.7% subjects was poor. It was concluded that national male judo players of Chhattisgarh lack sports emotional intelligence to excel at highest level and need a psychological training to address the same.

The present study focused on the impact of socio economic status of the sports players on their psychological factor aggression behavior, the researcher chosen one hundred sports players for the research study and divided them into two groups based on the socio economic status of the sample through the standard socio economic scale, the high socio economic and low socio economic status groups were compared in their aggressive behavior, the researcher has taken the standard socio economic scale and Mathur aggression scale, the research questionnaires were distributed to the sample and given the needful instructions of the study, the major objectives of the research study, to know the impact of socio economic status on the aggressive behavior among the sports players, to find out the significance difference in high and low socio economic status in their aggressive behavior of the sample. The statistical techniques like, mean, SD, t test were used to find the result of the study.

The term ‘diaspora’ has evolved over time. Earlier it signified the migration and collonisatin of the Greeks and later referred to Jews in exile who were expelled from many countries, thereby taking on both positive and negative connotations. Today, however, the term loosely describes people of one nationality or common origin living outside their home country.Non-resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin (NRI-PIO) also called Overseas Indians or Indian Diaspora, are the people of Indian birth or descent who live outside the Republic of India. As per Ministry of External Affairs report there are approximately 31.2 million Indian Diaspora residing outside India. India has the largest diaspora population in the world

Generally speaking the instructions provided by a teaching machine or programmed textbook is referred to as programmed instruction or programmed learning. Programmed learning involves instruction with carefully specified goals and skillfully arranged learning experiences which are self-instructional and self corrective. Thus programmed instruction is a new path towards automation and individual leaming/instruction. Smith and More (1962) “Programmed institution is the process of arranging the material to be learned into a series of sequential steps, usually it moves the student from a familiar background into a complex and new set of concepts, principles and understanding”. Leith (1966) “A programme is a sequence of small steps of institutional material (called frames), most of which requires a response to be made by completing a blank space in a sentence. To ensure that required responses are given, a system of cuing is applied, and each response is verified by the provision of immediate knowledge of results. Such a sequence is intended to.be v/orked at the learners ‘own pace as individualized self-instruction”

The paper presents historical background to spatio-political organisation of Himachal Pradesh with a focus on voting cleavages. The upper and lower regions of Himachal Pradesh are historically different because the nature and types of movements in these areas were different. Historical differences in these two regions have given birth to a very strong territorial cleavage, which divides Himachal Pradesh into two distinct almost equal parts with different socio-economic set ups and political centers. The politics of the State have been influenced by territorial cleavage to a considerable extent. Both the Congress and the BJP are exploiting this cleavage. The Congress Party is dominating in horticultural or upper or old areas and the BJP has an edge in agricultural or lower or new areas of the State.

Reading is as essential tool citizen Ship. Reading can Satisfy intellectual Political demands. Students use reading to acquire Knowledge which in related to Success indeed our young People View. This is the primary motive for reading. In this paper it has been discussed about the newspaper reading habits among the Arts & Science College Students in Kovilpatti A total of 220 Questionnaires were administered to the Students and 174 were received the response rate was 79%. From the analysis it was discovered that majority of respondents reading newspaper daily (66.09%) and time spent less than 30 minutes are 92(52.87) using the Library for newspaper Reading.

The present study was intended to find out the sleep pattern among higher secondary students with physics as one of the main subjects. Survey method was adopted for this study. The simple random sample consists of 850 +2 Physics students in Sivakasi District. Self-made tool was used to collect the data. Data was analyzed by Percentage and t-test. Finding indicated that the level of sleep pattern of +2 physics students is low. Results also found that there is significant difference between male and female +2 Physics students in their sleep pattern and there is no significant difference between day scholar and hosteller +2 Physics students in their sleep pattern.

Wittgenstein’s philosophy can be divided into two parts, the first part is based on his famous book the Tractatus and the other one is based on his posthumous book the Investigations. Wittgenstein aim of philosophizing is entirely different from contemporaries and predecessors. The whole aim of his philosophical thinking was to investigate the actual nature of the philosophical problem and method of solutions on the basis of the logic of language. His conceptions of philosophy are different from traditional philosophy. It is a matter of controversy to know the relationship between early and later Wittgenstein’s philosophy. Further, the matter is to understand their relationship which is a negation of each other or complementary, how can we understand their relations. The aim of his philosophical thinking in both the periods deals with the problems of philosophy. Here, this research paper is trying to do a comparative study in the context of philosophical problems in Wittgenstein’s philosophy to investigate the relationship between both the periods of his philosophizing.

In this research paper I have made an attempt to study the glorious Quran in the light of feminism and Marxism. Recently it was narrated that Islam does not give equal rights to women as it has given to man. The burning issue of triple divorce was highlighted in electronic and print media. It was tried to define that Islam confines woman by limiting her area around the kitchen. Those who do not know about Islam or have not read the holy Quran, only they create such false stories. Islam as a religion gives rights not only to women but every human being or animal living in this world anywhere. The concept of Zakat, one of the five pillars of Islam enrich the poor, downtrodden and suppressed people of the world. Islam does not believe in caste, creed, community and colour and on these grounds no discrimination should be done with anyone.

The Indian textiles industry is very diverge, right from hand-spun and hand-woven textiles at one end, while the capital intensive sophisticated mills sector at the other end of the spectrum. Before the period of 1980 Ichalkaranji was purely famous for cotton saris, cotton poplin and dhoti. In middle of 1980, weavers of the Ichalkaranji town started producing denim, chiffon, canvas, and fabric for school uniforms which is also known as khakhi. Fabrics like seersucker, Oxford, ripstop, tweed, chambray, and twill made in and around Ichalkaranji city are used by many domestic as well as international fashion brands like as Raymond’s of India, John Player and international brands like Armani, Banana Republic, Hugo Boss, and Paul Smith. In Ichalkaranji looms have been gradually upgrading from handlooms, to power looms to semi-automatic looms, to fully automatic looms. The author analyzes production, labour, finance, marketing and managerial problems faced by the auto-loom owners in Ichalkaranji. Ichalkaranji said as “Manchester of Maharashtra is sunk itself into textile industry.

The objective of this survey is to createawareness among the people about genetically inherited abnormal charecters. Some specialised characters such as hypertrichosis, polydactyly, syndactyly, hare lips and cleft palate were analysed from the individuals of coastal villages around Tiruchendur, Thoothukudi District. During survey, the research team discussed with common people about their genetical character and hereditary diseases. People were advised to avoid marriage between close relatives and before marriage each one must get medical report from authorities.

People often take sex and gender as synonymal terms. They don’t mark any demarcation between them. But there is a big difference between sex and gender. Sex is biological phenomenon of being male or female while gender, cultural and social. The former refers to the anatomy or physiology of a man or woman while the latter refers to dress, manner, behavior, role, activities and attributes. From the very beginning of civilization our society portrayed only man and woman in gender frame because they were highly influenced by the binary concept of gender given by the West. On 15th April 2014 the Apex Court of India in its verdict treated hijra as third gender which collapsed the wall of binary gender.

The present study was aimed to investigate the level of achievement in chemistry and test anxiety of higher secondary students. Survey method was conducted on a simple random sample of 800 higher secondary students in Cuddalore District. Test Anxiety Inventory by Ganesan, P. (2006) was used for the study. Data was analyzed by Mean, SD, t-test, F-test and r-value. Results found that the higher secondary students have moderate level of test anxiety and shown high achievement in chemistry. Findings also indicated that there is significant difference between male and female students & rural and urban students except the other sub-samples i.e. type of school and religion with respect to their achievement in chemistry; in case of test anxiety, a significant difference found between male and female, rural and urban & government and private school students except religion. Further the study has also showed a significant negative relationship existed between achievement in chemistry and test anxiety of Higher Secondary Students.

In the present paper, the author has defined the fractional differintegrations of Aleph ?-Function in association with different functions of one variable. Corollary and some examples are also given.

The rural banks have always played a vital role in economical development and rural development of India. The general role of rural banks in economical growth of India, because most of the people live in rural area, they are away from the banking services. The banking is the one of the most essential & important parts of human life. The rural banks with a view to developing of agriculture trade, agriculture businesses, industries and other activities. There are many other banking services which are providing by the banks. In this research paper there are valuable facts and information has been put by the researcher related to rural development of India.

In the post-Soviet period, Ukraine emerged as an indepen dent state along with other 14 republics. However, its internal social set up, geographical location and possession of the worlds third largest nuclear weapons made it center of European geopolitical attraction.

Kolkata is experiencing the “Autocracy” as “Auto-rickshaw” is main mode of public transport. This study concentrates on the current socio-economic condition, the prospects and problemsauto-rickshaw drivers in Kolkata. Road fatalities, air pollution and frequent congestions are very common to Kolkata metropolitan city but the chaos is the muddled socio-economic system of auto-rickshaws. Despite, the status as mega city, Kolkata metropolitan region with unusual combination of high population density, was chosen because it arguably has the most varied & complex set of transport system. 200 auto-drivers and Autoowner-driversof north Calcutta were surveyed to understandtheir economic and lifestyle stature, expectations, problems and need for reforms.“The formal economy of auto-rickshaws is social-economic problemas many people get into this profession with hope of earning a decent income for the benefit of themselves and their families” considered and the situation becomes in-formal economics according to today’s observation. However, the life of auto drivers is one of financial struggle with earnings and savings. The study reveals the situation of the govt. introduced different social security scheme for the informal labour sector asKolkata “Auto-rickshaw” drivers are the very prominent in transport sector.

Throughout the decades a little change has occurred in the development of women in the region of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship fills in as an impetus of economic development of the nation. It is one of the biggest segments for capital aggregation. Truth be told economic development is the after-effect of the endeavours taken by the entrepreneurs. Also entrepreneurs can manage the economic development by their activities and choices. Presently many have started to understand that for accomplishing the objective of economic development, it is important to advance entrepreneurship both subjectively and quantitatively in the nation. Just dynamic and eager entrepreneurs completely investigate the possibilities of the nations accessible assets – work, innovation and capital.. There is some enhancement in the execution of the women drove endeavours. Be that as it may, they are confronting number of issues for advertising their items because of absence of access to outside assets and so forth. Women inclusion in family leaving little vitality and time for business. Stretching out credit offices to women entrepreneurs is especially expected to support women entrepreneurs in India.

Indian healthcare service quality need largest attention because, health is an essential factors which improving human resources and quality of life and ultimately for the society and economic development of nation. Mahatma Gandhi once said India resides in its villages. The objective of the study is to examine the service quality of hospital from patients and provide better suggestion which in turn helps for the faster growing Healthcare services Industry by providing better healthcare services, products towards the nonmetros and village’s development and for the development of economic growth in whole nation.

The present study is an attempt to develop and validate the Mathematics achievement (Power) test for higher secondary school students in Vellore district of Tamil Nadu. A multiple choice test 50 items from XI standard Mathematics syllabus was selected with the help and advice of Mathematics exports. The test was administrated to a sample of 100 Maths group students of 3 schools of Vellore district of Tamil Nadu. Then all the administer test papers 100 students were scored carefully, the test papers were arranged in the descending order from the highest to the lowest score. Then the top 27% and bottom 27% of the total score has been taken for the item analysis. Through regular method of item analysis, difficulty index and discriminating index were calculated as well as the reliability and validity of the test as a whole. Thus the tool is reliable and valid for the sample.

During the last sixty years the Indian family planning programme has grown manifold. A review of the financial outlays for this programme indicates steep rise in expenditure in successive five year plan periods. Over the period, physical infrastructure and manpower in family planning programme have considerably been strengthened. Though the very size of Indian family planning programme and the extent to which it has penetrated in to the countryside constitute a remarkable organizational accomplishment, the programme as a whole has not yet reached its goal of reducing overall fertility rate in the country to desired level.

In India, there is a paucity of reliable data on the nature and magnitude of the impact of socio- economic change on food choice. This study explores some of the determinants of food choice in rural and urban area particularly in Villupuram District in tamilnadu, south India.

The main aim of conducting this research study is to know about Investor’s satisfaction on investments in Alangulam. In order to conduct this study and to achieve the objectives, the primary data has been collected by using structured questionnaires. Moreover, secondary data has been collected from published reports, journals, periodicals, newspapers, books, magazines, and other published literature. For collecting the primary data Convenience sampling method is used. To undertake this study, the sample sizes of 200 respondents were taken. It was found that most of the respondents are investing their money into the bank fixed deposits. They are not having much knowledge about securities market, Mutual fund, hedge funds, private securities etc., Hence, it is concluded that every investor before choosing an investment to collect relevant information and analyze it first, Most of the respondents were satisfied with their investments even though some of them are not satisfied. Investment companies, brokers, agents, SEBI and Government etc., to take the necessary steps to educate the peoples about various investments. It will help to develop our nation.

The traditional Judicial System of Manipur had no elaborate or well defined system of procedure. There was no serious investigation before the trial of law of justice in pre-colonial period. The hill areas of Manipur are inhabited by different tribes. These tribes had their own hereditary chiefs.

Manipur, which is located strategically in North Eastern part of India represents a land of immense variety of climate, land-scape, inhabitants, culture and tradition. Known through various names in the region between South Asia and South-East Asia, history records its existence as a Sovereign Asiatic kingdom since ancient time. Known as Kathe to the Burmese, Meklee to the Ahoms, Mooglei to the Cacharies, Cassey to the Shans, the people of this land have undergone several ordeals in the course of its long drawn civilizational history.

In the historical period of India Mahatma Jyotirao Phule has emphasized on the education system i.e. All human beings must have equal rights and equal opportunities for education. Without education there is no progress for the human mankind.

Settlements often appear on maps as a dots, sometime dot pattern are often difficult to describe and they shows variation in distributional pattern. Obtaining distributional pattern of fair centres in the study region ‘Nearest Neighbor Analysis’ has been applied.

This work is concerned with normed space, which is the subspace of a vector space. In linear algebra, functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a norm is a function that assigns a strictly positive length or size to all vectors in a vector space, other than the zero vectors. A simple example is the 2- dimensional Euclidean space ? ? equipped with the Euclidean norm. With a norm it is possible to measure the distance between elements, but it is not possible to look at the position of two different elements, with respect to each other.

Indian Constitution is not only a living document and but growing and evolving with the time. The evolving nature and growth of the Indian Constitution is the result of the specific provisions relating to the environmental protection in the Constitution itself. It is the basic human right of every individual to live in a pollution free environment and therefore issue of environment protection is directly connected with the basic human right of every individual which raised the status of Indian Constitution.

Present Paper is based on the History and Archaeology of Bharatpur District Rajasthan: A Study. This paper discusses the Introduction of Bharatpur district, Problems and prospects, Research Methodology, Geographical features, Explorations, Previous work, Settlement Pattern, Study of Pottery, Study of coins and Inscriptions, Study of Art and Architecture, Study of miscellaneous and History of the Region.