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The success of the Open University of the United Kingdom encouraged Indian Universities to adopt the concept to make education more accessible and innovative. A major break through in the mode of higher education in the form of imparting distance education through correspondence courses and Open University system took place in sixties. This mode of higher education attempted to open up the higher education facilities to those who are at home; in the service; those who wanted to pursue higher education at their own place.

Today every child wishes that the study should be like amusement not a saddle on him. He wants to learn the subject matter in play way manner. He enjoys inventive methods of teaching more as compared to traditional method. He prefers to read the content with the help of smart board or screen, in place of books. In the classroom he likes to thrash out his problems with his friends and peers since he is hesitate in involving discussions with the teacher. Having discussion with the friends is acknowledged as peer group learning or peer tutoring.

The study of socio-economic background of individual representatives who represent a social organization is as essential as the study of structure and functioning of the urban local bodies itself for a systematic analysis of their views, attitudes and actions. This is more so in respect of representatives in the urban society, as they constitute an element of urban local bodies and represents the urban population keeping this in view,Hence, the present study proved its significance in exploring the socio-economic background of women representatives of urban local bodies.

This study investigates the stigma of rural and urban caregivers of schizophrenic patients. The population sample of the present research was chosen from private and Civil Hospital, Jalgaon district. The research sample consists of 120 caregivers out of 60 rural and 60 urban Schizophrenia patients’ caregivers. Researcher used Stigma scale. Data was analyzed with the help of statistical techniques. Researcher used mean, S.D. and t test. Data was analyzed with the help of SPSS. Result showed that stigma affects more on rural caregivers than urban caregivers of schizophrenic patients.

Indian government has taken a daring call on note ban on 08/11/2016. Central government was a considered, well-thought out and well-implemented step, and whether or not it would very eradicate all the present black cash. Here I have utilized the opinions of great expert on economics, financial economist and intellectual politicians. This study will help us to know about the positive and negative impact of note ban decision taken by Indian government. This study is purely based on secondary data, which is collected from news papers, magazines, websites from internet, some useful books related to topic etc.

Metarhizum anisopliae known as Entomopathora anisopliae. This grows naturally in soil throughout the world & cause disease by the fungus is called “Green muscardine disease” because green colour of this spores. The fungal concentration increase and the time increases the mortality of the larvae increase . Maximum mortality was seen at 3.5ml at 48hour. Cabbage pest –cabbage looper,cabbage aphid, cabbage maggots are found .The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae grow on PDA medium. site of collection of agriculture filed at cabbage farm at Mulshi, dist – pune .

Metarhizum anisopliae known as Entomopathora anisopliae. This grows naturally in soil throughout the world & cause disease by the fungus is called “Green muscardine disease” because green colour of this spores. The fungal concentration increase and the time increases the mortality of the larvae increase . Maximum mortality was seen at 3.5ml at 48hour. Cabbage pest –cabbage looper,cabbage aphid, cabbage maggots are found .The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae grow on PDA medium. site of collection of agriculture filed at cabbage farm at Mulshi, dist – pune .

As Gandhiji said “Panchayat Raj represents true democracy realized. We would regard the humblest and lowest Indian as being equally the ruler of India with the tallest in the land.” As India being the largest Democracy in the world the need for the sustained development of Panchayat is very important for the socio-economic and political development of the country. In the process of sustained development, the efficacy of the stakeholders is very important as they play an indispensable part in the same. The need of the hour is to know whether the programmes and policies of the government are reaching the grass root level or not. Panchayat Raj system was advocated by Mahatma Gandhi as the foundation of India’s Political system, as a decentralized form of government in which each village would be responsible for its own affairs. Panchayat Raj system is a process of good governance. Panchayats have been the backbone of Indian villages. In this space age, new socio-economic and political order, large sections of the people, especially the rural, domestic populations, are getting marginalized and cut off from the decision making process catering to the interests of the power elites. There is vast need to systematically rethink and remodel the concept of Good governance. In this process the stakeholders and government should be brought on one platform and it can be made possible with the help of media. Mass media has a vital role to play in educating the stakeholders of their rights, duties and responsibilities. Media and Publicity scheme is of tremendous help in taking the programmes to the rural population. With the burgeoning technological development, the day is not far where we can have “rurban” - rural areas with urban development. Here comes the curtain raiser for the stakeholders to work on efficacy.

The year 2018 celebrates the Golden Jubilee of the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between India and Bhutan. Marking the completion of 50 years, Bhutan opened a Consulate in India’s north-eastern city of Guwahati last month. The two countries also launched a special logo in New Delhi to celebrate their enduring partnership. A series of special commemorative initiatives, cultural activities, exhibitions and seminars will continue to take place throughout the year. A tiny landlocked state located in the Eastern Himalayas, Bhutan has historically shared deep religio-cultural links with India. Guru Padmasambhava, a Buddhist saint who came to Bhutan from India, played an influential role in spreading Buddhism and cementing traditional ties between people in both nations. Bhutan was a protectorate of British India and came under the British suzerainty in 1865. It signed the ‘Treaty of Punakha’ with the British in 1910, which set the stage for any future contact between the two countries after the British left the subcontinent. Throughout this time, India’s relations with Bhutan were handled by a Political Officer based in Sikkim. This continued until 1948, when a Bhutanese delegation visited India and wished to revise the treaties previously signed with the British. Though the Anglo-Bhutanese treaties continued to guide the bilateral relations, Independent India signed a fresh treaty with Thimpu in 1949 - the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation. This treaty formed the basis for the beginning modern relations between the two neighbors.

This paper focuses on the shifting “lived experience” and cultural practices of the indigenous communities of Sundarbans, the largest delta and mangrove forest in India and Bangladesh. Although, there are a number of literary works portraying the lived experience of the different indigenous communities of Sundarbans, but scant attention has been paid regarding the interpretative apparatus that often ‘filtered’ their customs, practices and beliefs in accordance to hegemonic upper class, upper-caste interpretation. By engaging with the category of the “subaltern”, taking into consideration recent contributions to this topic, this paper seeks to reconsider the lived experience of these indigenous people, since this affects what Gramsci calls their “common sense”, their understanding of reality or, their “philosophy”. There is little doubt that the enquiry into the “Subaltern Question” in India today cannot ignore the question of ‘Adivasi’ or indigenous people as the political unconscious of Indian society. Hence, it is important to understand how the conditions and relations of the past influence the present and future development of their lived experience and in what way upper class and upper caste literary mediations have translated that lived experience of indigenous communities and migrant-tribes in Sundarbans. Parallel to close textual readings of literary works revolving around Suandarbans, this paper draws from the year-long field work in the Sundarbans to understand those “conditions and relations of the past”, and the “integral history”, which takes into account political, socio-economic, cultural and religious dynamics, in which the “integral historian” is able to identify the totality and complexity of the historical process, from the tendencies of the economic structure to the forms of popular culture that shape the consciousness of the masses. Thus, this paper referring to the indigenous communities of Sundarbans not only accentuates the precarious position of these groups as subalterns, but also provides a critique of the interpretative apparatus of hegemonic literary practices.

The liberalization, privatization and globalization in Indian Economy has evolved more vibrant progress in Industrial Development and Growth with new challenges, especially in more manpower oriented industries, even private sector organizations compete with each other to deliver the business results by handling one of the most significant and complex problems of the industry through establishing proactive industrial relations among employees and employer in the modern Indian Industrial Society. Industrial progress is not possible without harmonious industrial relations, co-operation and coordination of employees. Based on the perception of the respondents the study indicates that poor industrial relations existed in the study unit. Further, semi-skilled worker and unskilled workers expressed low perception about the industrial relations prevailing in the study units when compared to skilled workers.

Kudumbashree Mission is getting strong among the tribal population in Kerala. Out of the 127987 tribal families in Kerala, 106162 families are active members of Kudumbashree NHGs. It was found out from the tribal survey that 5962 NHGs are actively participating in the tribal areas. It was in 2007, that Kudumbashree tribal special livelihood project was launched associating with Scheduled Tribes Development Department to address the issues faced by the tribal population in Kerala. The tribal population of Kerala is 454302 and there exists a total of 5484 tribal clans in the state. The present study focused on the obstacles for the introduction of Kudumbasree developmental programmes on Kadar women in Anapantham Colony. The data were collected from various age categories of women of Anapantham Colony. The various aspects of changes among Kadar women’s life and with its major constraints experienced by the respondents are studied. The perception of Kadar women regarding the influence of development programmes, their level of awareness about policies and programmes, the participation in the development activities of both government and voluntary agencies, extent of utilization of the support services and linkages in their life situation, and the effectiveness of development programmes in their settlements is examined.

Tourism over the years has cropped up to be the worlds largest and fastest growing industry It is a major phenomenon of the modern society. Tourism development is perceived by almost all countries of the world as a potent ingredient in the economic developmenta1 strategies. It is considered as a quick and easy means to economic development.

The purpose of the study is to find out the status of psychological performance among Pre University College Students of Udupi District. The study was chosen as descriptive survey method. To achieve this purpose, one hundred forty four pre university students from age range between 17 to 21 years studying government, private aided and private unaided colleges of Udupi District, Karnataka were selected. The population comprised of pre-university students of both male and female equally and they were studied in Pre University first and second year courses of arts, science and commerce streams. The criterion variable selected for the study is Psychological Performance and intervening variables such, gender, locality, type of college management and type of stream. Psychological Performance Inventory developed by Loehr (1986) was used to know the status of psychological performance of pre university students in terms of Self Confidence, Negative Energy Control, Attention Control, Visual/Imagery Control, Motivational Level, Positive Energy Control and Attitude Control. In the present article, overall psychological performance considered to identify the psychological performance among students. The Independent ‘t’ test and One-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) along with Scheffe’s Post Hoc Analysis was utilized to know the significant differences in the Psychological Performance among pre university students with regard to gender, locality, type of college management and type of stream. The statistical results were obtained with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) Software Version 20.0 and MS Excel 2015. The level of significance was fixed at 0.05 level of confidence. The Results concluded that psychological performance of pre university students shows significant differences due to variations in their gender, locality and type of college management. The government and private aided colleges should take precaution to developing psychological skills among their students by utilizing proper training and conducive environment and develop attitude and awareness about positive thinking, visualization, anxiety control, goal setting and attention control among students.

Green computing focus mainly on design, manufacture, use and disposal of computer and other related devices in an eco-friendly way. “Green Computing is defined as the study of designing, manufacturing, using and disposal of computer and associated sub products in a way to reduce their environmental impact.” Improper usage of computers causes energy waste. The unwanted waste parts of computers are termed as e-waste. E-wastes contain toxic chemicals that pollute the soil and contaminate groundwater when dumped into landfills. Most motherboard components contain rare earth minerals and metals, including gold, silver and copper. Present generation students are using computers more than the previous generation people. This study discusses the green computing awareness between Engineering and Arts Students in Tirunelveli District. The study deals with the Engineering and Arts Students awareness on use and disposal of Computers. 50 samples were collected from Engineering and Arts Students. Percentage Analysis, Chi Square test and Weighted Average method tools were used to analyze the data with the help of Microsoft Excel and SPSS.

World is changing very fast, every passing day new innovations are coming into the society and these are deciding the new directions for society. Now in the globalized era when whole global world has become a global village development has become important destiny for the countries of the world.It becomes the vital objective for the third world countries to keep themselves in pioneer position for the development. For development it is necessary to have basic required infrastructure and these infrastructure can be built only through land.Therefore demand for land has increased manifold and almost third world and developing countries lacks in these basic infrastructures. Government of India has enacted various laws at different point of time to acquire land from peasants after paying adequate compensation and providing other assistance to the farmers. However it is necessary and need of the hour to develop infrastructure for faster development but to fulfill the requirement of land agricultural lands are also being acquired and agricultural land for food are shrinking and these are creating other problems like unemployment for peasants who were once dependent on land and other major environmental problemslikeclimatic change, global warming, deforestation are emerging. This paper has analyzed the issue of development, scarcity and availability of land in India and problem emerging after deforestation.It also discusses the efforts of government through various provisions in Land Acquisition Act related to acquisition of agricultural land by the government including other emerging issues.

As women and historically subjugated communities have started to gain a toehold into the mainstream through positive active and political representation, the male crisis is further aggravated. Faced with escalated competition on all sides, the male identity is harshly threatened. Violence perpetrated by men against women and the rape culture are all part of a backlash against perceived threats to male supremacy. Anita Nairs The Better Man can be considered a perfect tool to study the male crisis in Indian men. In her effort to define the women in their subordinate position, she brings out the male crisis that deplorably exhibits itself in the process.

The aim of the present study is to evaluate self-confidence of female hockey players of Chhattisgarh. To conduct the study, 100 intercollegiate female hockey players (Average age 21.10 years) were selected as sample. The selection of intercollegiate female hockey players was done from colleges coming under the jurisdiction of Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G.). Random sampling was used in the present study. To assess self-confidence of female hockey players from Chhattisgarh, self confidence inventory prepared by Pandey (1983) was used. It was found that majority i.e. 52% female hockey players had low level of self confidence whereas 20% had moderate and 28% were high in self confidence at .01 level of statistical significance. It was concluded that intercollegiate female hockey players of Chhattisgarh lack confidence in their own abilities and needs to be psychologically trained so that they can excel at national level.

Raghunatha Nayaka was the most illustrious of the Tanjore line of Nayaks, As well as the main prop of their fame and glory. His rule was one of peace as it marked the revival and development of the many sided, Economic as well as Cultural activities for which Tanjore had been famous through the ages.

Working Capital is considered as the life blood of any business organization. The business organization cannot make progress without sufficient working capital. Insufficient working capital means shortage of inputs, while excess of working capital leads to extra cost. So the amount of working capital to be maintained in each and every organization should be neither more nor less than what is actually required. The management of the organization has therefore to see that funds invested as working capital in their organization earn return at least as much as they would have earned return if it invested anywhere else. Hence, management of working capital plays an important role in the success of business organization because of its effect on profitability and liquidity.India retained its place as thethird-largest energy consumer in the world with oil and gas accounting for 37 per cent of its total energy consumption in the year 2017.The oil and gas sector is among the six core industries in India and plays a major role in influencing decision making for all the other important sections of the economy.The Oil and Petroleum Industry in India is one of the highly competitive and fastest growing industries in the country. The purpose this study is to analyze the relationship between the working capital and profitability of the selected oil companies in Public Sector in India. Secondary data collected from the three oil companies in public sector in India for the ten year period was used for analysis. Pearson’s Correlation and Multiple Regression were applied to analyze the data. The study found that there was a moderate relationship between Working Capital and Profitability of the select oil companies in India. The study recommended the management to take active steps to maintain adequate working capital and manage the same in order to increase the profitability of the oil companies.

Productivity enhances the profitability of any bank and provides structure for long term survival. Reliability of customers for any particular bank also depends on it. Efficient productivity and profitability of banks are significant for shareholders, depositors, employees and for whole economy. In this paper, an effort has been made to analysis of productivity and profitability of Yes Bank (which is sixth largest private sector bank as per market capitalization, operating in India). It is well known that sound productivity and profitability of any bank is required for increasing positive attitude of the customers for the banks and also beneficial for capital enhancement for the bank in future. It also helps in supporting present and future operations of banking for any bank. The assessment of productivity and profitability of Yes Bank has been done by using various accounting ratios.

The present study makes a coordinated approach to employee’s performance and working Condition therefore, a modest attempt to fill the existing research gap to some extent. No comprehensive study has been made so far covering different dimensions of performance. It is intended to carry out the study in Maharashtra State Electricity Board (MSEB).

The present study aimed at finding the relationship between multiple intelligence and academic achievement of higher secondary students. Survey method was used. A simple random sample of 300 higher secondary students was selected from Pondicherry. Thomas Armstrong Multiple Intelligence Inventory used for data collection. Data was analyzed by using t-test and r-value. Results found that there is no significant difference in the multiple intelligence of higher secondary students based on their gender, locality and group of study. Further the study revealed that there is significant relationship between multiple intelligence and academic achievement of higher secondary students.

Stimulants are drugs that invigorate the focal sensory system. At the end of the day, they increment the action in your cerebrum. Despite the fact that every stimulant has exceptional impacts, all stimulants affect your pulse rate, circulatory strain, and body temperature. By expanding the electrical action in your cerebrum, stimulants cause you to be increasingly alert, decline exhaustion, and effects on physical action. Stimulants can likewise improve your mindset and increment fearlessness. Further the feeling of anxiety of the players, which can effect on his performance at the time of his main event. For more outcomes in less time, the players devour drugs utilized by specialists which influence them to seem to improve. But world anti-doping agency has banned such medicines which can help to improve, enhance sports performance in the tournament.

PANI –Ag nanocomposite was successfully synthesized by simple wet chemical route by colloidal chemistry. PANI –Ag nanocomposite exhibit the significant blue shift. PANI –Ag nanocomposite is well crystalline with average crystallite size. For preparation of Ag nanoparticles two stabilizing agents are used sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) & Citrate of sodium used.Ag2NO3 used as metal salt precursor & stabilizing agent Hydrazine hydrate solution used in conc.ranging& citrate of sodium solution used as reducing agent.Citrate of sodium also used as stabilizing agent at room temperature. Thetransparent colourless solution was converted to the characteristics pale yellow and pale red colour when citrate of sodium was used as stabilizing.

The sambuvarayas were a feudatory family like the bana, the kadavaraya and the Telugu Cholas. Sambuvarayas flourished during the 14th century A.D. when VijayanagaraEmpire was established these sambuvarayas would have also been commenced, before 14th A.D. sambuvarayas remained loyal to the Cholas. They were good administrators, let us analyses some of the administrative work of the sambuvarayas based on Thiruvottur temple inscriptions.

There should be no discrimination in providing banking services to the entire population in an economy. However, In India the banking system has not been successful in providing basic banking services to all the segments of the society. The term ‘Financial Inclusion’ means ensuring basic banking services to all the segments deprived of the banking services at affordable cost. The Government has been working on this since long and has increased its efforts year on year for achieving the task of financial inclusion. Still the levels achieved have not been up to the mark especially in case of the unprivileged and lower segments of the society.

The seasonal variation in protein content of fresh water fish Cirrhinus reba from Godavari River at Nanded region, Maharashtra state were observed form January 2018 to December 2018 .the obtained results showed that protein content was high in the month of July (16.9+ 1.20), the lowest was high in the month of January 16.16 and December 15.63,then there was a slight increase in the protein content in the month of February,March,April, May and June which ranges 16.17,16.70,18.42,18.62,19.30 tissue respectively. Variation of protein content during different seasons of the year helps. Nutritionists & researchers who are striving to improve the nutritive value, processing & marketing of endangered fish species & in fishing industry.

India has the potential to extend the quantity of employees in producing and also the contribution to the world to overall growth. But its future development path is unlikely to mimic that witnessed in East Asia like Japan, Taiwan or even in China. In the case of manufacturing China could improve its share considerably in GDP but not in employment. Some lessons can be learnt from East Asia. But, India has to forge its own path that will rely on both manufacturing and services as growth engines. Fourth Industrial Revolution, Digital Age and Robotics: Industrialists and others at Davos meeting said that we have to be ready to approach a fourth industrial revolution which includes advanced manufacturing, quantum engineering, 3D printing and robotics. It may lead to some disruption in the established sectors and may lead to some inequalities. But, overall net employment may rise with fourth industrial revolution including robotics.

The present examination reveals the level of Secondary School students environmental awareness in the area of Moradabad in view of locale of study, gender and medium of direction. Random sampling was utilized to choose 165 secondary school students from Moradabad District. Standardizing review technique was utilized for the present examination. Environmental Awareness Scale developed and approved by the investigator was utilized. Figuring of means and standard deviations and trial of significance was applied. Total scores of environmental awareness remained at a low level (<50). The study reveals that young ladies environmental awareness is more prominent than young men; urban students awareness is more prominent than rural students and English medium students awareness is more noteworthy than Hindi medium students. Environmental education is a procedure for expanding environmental information and awareness is fundamental for the eventual fate of this world. This considers assesses awareness about nature among students to cure lacunae in existing circumstance.

This paper is an attempt to analyse the position of women in puducherry region in terms of education and labour force participation. This paper also discuss about the present status of women in puducherry region followed by the various problems faced by the women of Pondicherry region. This paper also throws lights on various policies and programs undertaken by puducherry government to enhance girl children. For the study secondary data were used and in order to interpret the secondary data simple statistical techniques were used. The finding of the study reveals that there is a huge difference in the participation ratio of male and female labour force in Pondicherry region especially in the field of industry and other works. In terms of women and education it was found that still the girl children are denied from educational opportunity. This paper also suggests few remedies in order to minimize the problems faced by women.

This paper intends to focus on the development of women’s cricket in India from the perspective of social history.It locates to unexplored dimension of the history of sport to add a new aspect of existing debates on women, sports and patriarchy. The paper begins by providing an historical background of women’s presence in the Cricket ground as a cricketer as well as spectator describing the patriarchal notion of the relationship between sports and Gender. While dealing with the pre-independence period, it contextualisesthe development of women’s cricket in the light of Victorian ideals of sports-gender relationship.In post-independence epoch women exceeded domestic stereotypes and took part male controlled sporting space of Cricket though women’s participation in cricket ground was manipulated by gender hierarchy. By mentioning contemporary literature which acknowledges this shift this article would try to analyse how cricket’s massive popularity led to the development of women’s cricket in India. As women became follower of the game, they condemned out reliability as Cricketer, Cricket Fans, Cricket commentator and Cricket writer also.

Economic reforms were initiated in mid-1991 because of issues like insurmountable external debt, unmanageable balance of payments circumstances, high chance of acceleration within the rate of inflation and therefore the underlying fiscal problems. The peripheral factors like the Gulf war and the disintegration of the Soviet economy have also contributed a bit to this disaster. With a view to tide over the unprecedented economic crisis and ensuring the sustainability of the growth process, it was considered necessary to introduce certain major policy reforms on industrial, trade and public sector fronts, almost simultaneously with measures of stabilization for reduction in fiscal and current account deficits. The reforms aimed at fundamental shift towards greater reliance on the market mechanism to allocate resources and influence decision making. In the initial budget speech in 1991 by the finance minister Dr. Manmohan Singh said that the idea of the emergence of India as a front ranking powerhouse of the world economy was an idea whose time had indeed come". Quoting Victor Hugo, he furthermore mentioned that no power on earth can stop an idea whose time had come.

India began on big-bang economic reforms Twenty five years back in 1991. It is well-known that Gross Domestic Product growth has been a lot of higher within the post-reform period. However, GDP is only one metric. Ultimately, the success of reforms depends on whether or not the well-being of individuals, particularly that of poor, increased over time. In this milieu, it was examined the impact of economic reforms on poverty and inequality. There are two conclusions on trends in poverty. The first one, shown in a World Bank study by Gaurav Datt and others, is that poverty declined by 1.36 percentage points per annum after 1991, compared to that of 0.44 share points every year before 1991. Their study shows that among different things, urban growth is the most important contributor to the rapid reduction in poverty even though rural areas showed growth in the post-reform period. The second conclusion is that within the post-reform amount, poverty declined faster in the 2000s than in the 1990s. The official estimates supported on Tendulkar committee’s financial condition line shows that financial conditions declined solely 0.74 percentage points per annum during 1993-94 to 2004-05. But financial condition declined by 2.2 percentage points per annum during 2004-05 to 2011-12. Around 138 million individuals were upraised on the top of the personal income line throughout this era. This indicates the success of reforms in reducing poverty. The poverty of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes also declined faster in the 2000.

Bangalore city is 5th largest city in India. It has 1.2 crore population in an area 704 km2.There are 198 wards which have about lakh households. They generate 4 to 5 thousand tones of solid waste per day. Collection and disposal is becoming unmanageable owning to the very size of the solid waste generated on one hand and lack of coordination and mismanagement of the BBMP perennial in handling solid waste. The issue is looked conceptually from handling solid waste to disposal. Emphasis is laid on the issues related to base level workers (Powerkarmikas) comprehensively keeping their participation lifting and disposal of solid waste.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of low and high intensity circuit training on muscular and cardio-respiratory endurance of junior basketball players. One hundred and five junior Basketball players (13-15 years) were selected on a random purposive sampling from Vimla Public School Thodupuzha, Kerala, India. The study was formulated as a factoral design and the subjects (n=105) were equated into three groups (n= 35). Group I served as control, group II was exposed to low intensity circuit training programme, at a sub-maximal load for a period of twelve weeks for three days per week. Group III was subjected to high intensity circuit training programme, for a period of twelve weeks at a sub-maximal load for five days in a week. The effect of low and high intensity circuit training on the junior basketball players were tested before and after the experimental treatment and data was collected on the criterion measures (push-ups, sit-ups, half squat jump and twelve minutes run and walk test). The analysis of covariance was applied to the data. The initial mean among the group were adjusted with the final means to determine the significant ‘F’ratio between the paired mean. The level of confidence was fixed at the 0.05 level of significance. The ‘F’ ratio was tested for mean significant difference at the 0.05 level of confidence. The Post hoc – test of Scheffi’s correction was applied to determine the confidence between the paired mean groups. Our results showed that the circuit training program was effective to increase and maintain both muscular and cardiovascular endurance among basketball players. Further high intensity circuit training program significantly enhanced the endurance of players. Therefore, such study will help physical education teachers design programs that impart physical fitness among basketball players.

Time banking is a value-based process for reciprocal service exchange through the recognition of individual talents to meet the needs of the community. It values all services equally and systematically. The unit of exchange and account is simply the hours spent giving or receiving services. It can be provided at an individual level or as a group. The idea of which is to minimize the dependency on conventional resources and put into actions and use the resources which we as humans can provide. The time and services that are being exchanged puts into account the productivity of the individual and group. It is not only the services that are being rendered but the knowledge, experiences and satisfaction that come along with it. Through the exchange process, time bank helps in building social relationships and strengthen communities to build itself a healthy neighbourhood as it provides individuals with job opportunities, self development and achieve recognition and rewards for contributions that are made.

The Neill Statue Satyagraha launched in Tamil Nadu in 1927 was as an act of opposition exposure by the statue of general Neill at public gaze at Mount Road, Madras. General Neill was a military chief of Madras Presidency during the time of Sepoy Mutiny of 1857. This research paper is focused on A Historical Analysis of Neill Statue Satyagraha in Tamil Nadu. The history of Indian freedom struggle is replete with a number of anecdotes revealing the patriotic fervor of the Indians. One such historic incident focusing much of the fervour is the Neill Statue Satyagraha of 1927. There was an agitation for the removal of the statue of General Neill, which was at Mount Road, Madras. The general Neill suppressed the Mutiny of 1857. The Madras Presidency Government erected a bronze Statue for him in 1860 opposite to the Madras club, Mount Road, Madras. The Congress activists of the Tamil region considered the Neill Statue as a standing insult to the self-respect of the citizen of India as he indulged in of many barbarous and blot thirsty acts of revenge such as wholesale burning of villages shooting and burning alive the thousands of men, women and children during the Mutiny of 1857. Hence, the Congress Activists of Tamil Nadu insisted that the Government should not be allowed to stand in the public view. The Congress activists were inspired by Nagpur Flag Satyagraha in the Central Provinces and the word Satyagraha in Madura decided to deface the statue. Gandhi himself approved of their activities ad considered that the statue represented terrorism and falsehood of the British in India.

The rising urbanization and economic performance of urban local bodies is matters of concern in India. In most of states of the nation, urban area has been increasing rapidly since last two decades i.e. post reform period. India is going under transition from rural to semi urban society. More than 31% population is now living in urban area. Urban local bodies play very significant role in functioning of democracy and efficient administration of government in a large country like India. It is the symbol of decentralization of political and economic power and which is a great requisite of democracy. Population and economic growth has promoted the urbanization which led to rise in the number of urban towns and cities have radically increased.

Adolescence is a period of developmental transition between childhood and adulthood entailing major aspects in physical, cognitive and psychosocial changes. In this stage, they are mostly affectionate to gender oriented fluctuations. The major problem among the student is controlling their emotions, stress that causes behavioral problems. The students selected for the study belongs to the age group final stage of adolescence. The study was carried by survey method; random sampling technique was used to collect data from 400 college students studying in government and private college in Salem district by self constructed and standardized questionnaires. The findings are gender, locality of student, stream of study, residential mode and locality of institution bring significant differences among college students with respect to academic stress and only gender for coping strategies. The study reveals that the parents and teachers encouragement is very essential for the student’s achievement by promoting group motivations like helping, socialization etc that can inculcate progressive growth in their academics as well as healthy citizens for the society.

Bangalore city the capital of Karnataka has a huge area of around 600 km2 with a population of about 102 million (2018).City has 198 BBMP wards and they have been further sub divided into eight corporation zones for the purpose of urban administration including solid waste management. Unfortunately continuous growth of city both in its area and population and also rising consumption management of solid waste is a challenge to BBMP. Added to this influx of people from different parts of India like Orissa, Bihar and Uttarpradesh and increase of apartment, malls have added there share of burden to the solid waste management. Present article on scenario of solid waste in Vijayanagara zone in Bangalore city. A case study forms a fraction of the whole problem of solid waste management.

Due to the adverse effects induced by global ecological crisis, the issue of indigenous environmental ethics has got the attention of philosophers and scientists. As it has been highlighted in this article, different ethnic groups in Africa have insightful wisdom towards the natural resources. Despite the negative views of some scholars about African indigenous environmental ethics, the study finds out that various cultural groups in Africa have profound and systematic worldviews which designate a friendly relation between humans and non-human entities. The ever-increasing trend of globalization, which promotes homogenization of cultures and worldviews, has posed a serious challenge to indigenous African environmental worldviews by destroying the specific cultural traits under the guise of economic development and the interference of foreign values and beliefs.Thus the main objective of this research is to assess the Indigenous Environmental Ethics status at Harana Buluk and Dinsho woreda. To realize this purpose, qualitative method is implemented.Relevant information has been gathered from both primary and secondary sources. The study reveals that Indigenous Environmental Ethics is the set of values and beliefs of individuals or group relating to environment.

The Present Study on reading habits of students is based on a user survey carried out at Vasant Dada Patil Collge, Patoda. Factors affecting the reading habits, average time spent in library, sources used in library; etc were studied, in this study

The main objective of investing is to earn good returns on investment to guard against the inflation. But at the same time the investors also has to consider the safety, liquidity of the funds. All these factors are generally in reverse direction. That is if rate of return is to be high the investor has to take the risk of lesser safety. Even the liquidity is also not possible as the investment has to be for longer term period. Investors has to give priority to one over the others while taking the investment decisions. This study aims at finding these preferences which form the basis for investment in IDBI Mutual Funds.

When one tries to measure the amount of success of a person in a specific field or area of accomplishment, then it is said to be his or her achievement – this may be in a school situation, or in a bank, or in a company or in a factory or in any sort of academy. Academic achievement has become an important index of student’s caliber in today’s competitive world. Academic achievement is the ultimate product of an educational process. Everyday tries to increase this index. It has become an important goal for students, parents, teachers and even institutions. The study of personality is at once one of the most fascinating and one of the most difficult problems of psychology. One approach to the person has been primarily analytical. We tried to study the various forms thinking that human of behaviour like perceiving, learning, imagining and beings show and the principles that govern such behaviour. We may now attempt to understand what the person is as a whole. A study of the total human behaviour is called the study of personality and since such a study covers the whole field of psychology, the term psychology of personality has lately become almost synonymous with the entire field of psychology. Personality is not just one form of behaviour that human beings show, like learning, attending or perceiving; it is rather the totality of all these forms of behaviour that manifest themselves in a person.

Movements for Autonomy have marked the political discourse in Northeast India for the last decades. The aim and purpose of the autonomy movement is not only to bring about change in the existing system but also to augment legitimate expressions of aspirations by the people having a distinct culture, tradition and common pattern of living. In the post colonial period, Assam which is a land of diverse ethnic communities has witnessed a serious of autonomy movements based on the political demands for statehood. The autonomy movement of the Hill Tribals in North East India in general and North Cachar Hills District and Karbi Anglong District of Assam in particular is a continuous effort and struggle of the Hill Tribal to protect and preserve their distinct identity, culture and tradition and to bring about a change in the existing socio-political arrangement. Although the Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution has provided for Autonomous Councils in these two districts but much improvement could not be achieved due to limited power of the Autonomous District Council and the State government’s apathy. Their demand for an autonomous state is rooted in the long history of similar movements in the north east and has been demanding a separate state for the Dimasas and the Karbis in the name of ‘Dimaraji’ for Dimasas and ‘Hemprek’ for Karbis.

Meeting growing global demand for food, fiber, and bio fuel requires robust investment in Food Processing industry. India is one of the fastest emerging as a sourcing hub of processed food. The nations preparing segment is little and handling of nourishment to consumable models in India has achieved just 10% as of late. Indias offer in fares of handled sustenance in World exchange has stayed at about 1.5 percent or $3.2 billion Indias nourishment preparing part incorporates foods grown from the ground; flavors; meat and poultry; milk and milk products, etc. The objectives of this study are: To study the market share of food processing industry, To find the demand and supply of food processing products and To find the yield of major crops in India. Secondary data was collected and the same was used for the analysis purpose. It was found out that there is a huge gap between the demand and the supply of processed food.

In this paper an algorithm is given to solve a multi level programming problem using a linear preemptive goal programming model. A goal programming problem is formulated which is equivalent to given multi-level programming problem.

Housing is a basic requirement of human beings and very important need for every citizen. Adequate shelter for each and every household is a fundamental pre-requisite for a healthy living in any society. From a social point of view, Housing not only provides economic security but also provides status in the society. Good quality of house leads increases physical, mental and psychological strength along with standard of living. A house also protects a poor household from the vagaries of nature, in the absence of which they are forced to take to streets and live in open.

Stress is simply the body’s non-specific response to any demand made on it. Stress is not by definition synonymous with nervous tension or anxiety. Stress provides the means to express talents and energies and pursue happiness; it can also cause exhaustion and illness, either physical or psychological, heart attacks and accidents. The important thing to remember about stress is that certain forms are normal and essential. As the body responds to various forms of physical or psychological stress, certain predictable changes occur. These include increased heart rate, blood pressure and secretions of stimulatory hormones. These responses to stress will occur whether the stress is positive or negative in nature. It is known as the ‘flight or fight’ mechanism.

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the corporate social responsibility activities carried out by top Indian public sector and private sector banks from the year 2014-15 to 2016-17. We select this time period because 2014–2015 was the first year of operations after Companies Act, 2013 came. These banks are selected on the basis of highest market capitalization during the year 2016-17. It has been found that these selected banks are involved in limited number of CSR activities. It has also been observed that public sector banks contribute more than private sector banks in corporate social responsibility activities.

The paper analyses condition of ground water depth of district Sirsa in 2005 and 2015. Ground water is the most important resource used as drinking water, for irrigation and for other household use in the district. The results show big change in the use of ground water from one block to another. The depth of ground water is continuously declining. Ground water is mostly exploited by growth of industries, agriculture, and municipal sectors. In all the blocks ground water depth is declining. The stage of development is 154 percent which implies that the annual water consumption is more than annual ground water recharge. Alarming situation of ground water resource of Sirsa district highlights the need of immediate action required for its conservation in the district. Government has to take strong action against over exploitation by industries/factories, over use in irrigation and wastage in households. So, the future of ground water in Sirsa district is in danger, if emphatically action for its preservation is not taken immediately.

Cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films synthesized by chemical bath deposition CBD by using UV visible absorption spectrum. The optical band gap of the semiconductors is an important parameter plays a major role in the construction of photovoltaic cells.In the present work the optical properties of CdS deposited on glass substrate.The optical properties of a structure using the visible absorption spectrum and its shows band gap energy of thin film 2.42 eV.

Women empowerment is the most debatable topic in developing countries. In this paper, an attempt is made to explore the impact of socio economic factor on women empowerment through self help group with special reference to Meerut district. Sample consisted of 240 respondents from 120 SHGs from Meerut Sardhana and Mawana tehsiles of Meerut District in Uttar Pradesh. The empirical results showed positive impact of socio economic factors on women empowerment. In this study, apart from positive impact, it is also identify the level of impact of individual factor on women empowerment through self help group. This supports the economic opportunity available to the woman increases their power. Finally, it is concluded that these significant factors influences empowerment of women, so one can focus on these determinants to increase and enhance womens role in our society.

It’s beenmore than a year to unexpected move of demonetization. Basicallyit hit the E-Commerce business positively as it gave way to different e-wallet to come up as new business ventures and step towards cashless economy. This move triggeredpeople to use online payment-portals certainly a step towards digitalization. It is not that, digitalization was absent in India but this move of government made people switch towards less cash economy. But is the scenario the same after one year of demonetization?havepeople shifted back to cash payment? What is the tendency of people in using online payment-portals.The study seeks to find out whether the decision has led to digitalization and changed thepattern of payment structure. Hence the major aspects of study are: ? Has there been consistent use of e-wallet after demonetization? ? Has demonetization increased the usage of e-wallet and how has the customer behavior changed.

The main objective of this paper is to philosophically evaluate and comparatively analyze the aims or subject-matter of philosophy and literature, and also the differences and similarities between the aims and, methods, of philosophy and literature. Every area of study has its own aims which are different from the aims of other areas of study. From the perspective of common people, the aims of philosophy may seem to be similar to that of literature. But there must be some significant aims which are delved within the scope of philosophy which are dissimilar to other disciplines. From a broader approach, philosophy is quite different from other disciplines, and this research will focus on its differences with literature. This work will discuss on similarities as well as differences between the two forms of study while acknowledging the significance of a rich exchange between philosophy and literature. The study will broadly engage with the literary works of Plato, Rene Descartes, with a prime focus on Jean-Paul Sartre’s literary work the novel Nausea (1938). Thus, this research willexplore the following questions; what are the aims of philosophy and literature? What are the differences and similarities between the aims of philosophy and literature? Why do we need philosophy or literature or both?

The economic concepts relevant to urban development are collectively known as urban economics. These urban economic concepts are modified tools of analysis developed to help in identifying urban problems before they assume proportions and become untraceable and to devise solutions and evacuate their likely effects for consideration by government, politicians, experts and general public. The urban economic analysis also pays due attention to physical environment, social, political and legal considerations. In Karnataka, Hyderabad-Karnataka region is considered as backward region According to D.M.Nanjundappa committee report. The Kalaburagi city comes under Hyderabad Karnataka region. So the researcher has felt the Kalaburagi city is economically backward. Hence the researcher undertook the study on “Role of Local Self-Government in Urban Economic Development Kalaburagi Municipal Corporation.”

At temperatures T = (303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15) K, Ultrasonic velocities, viscosities and densities in a binary liquid mixture containing Aniline with o-Xylene are measured over the entire mole fraction range of aniline. Ultrasonic velocities have been evaluated theoretically by using Nomoto (UNOM), Impedance (UIMP), Van-Dael and Vangeel (UVDV), Junjie (UJUN) and Rao’s specific velocity (URAO) models. Experimentally measured values and theoretical values are compared with each other and deviations from experimental values are analyzed in terms of molecular interaction parameter. U2 EXP/ U2 IMX is also estimated for non-ideality in the liquid mixtures. The results arrived at in the comparison are discussed and represented graphically

Women entrepreneurs can play ineluctable role in Indian economy development. But the business culture in economy is dominated by males because of mindset of people that business is only meant for man and there is little for women entrepreneur for effective networking that support business advice, mentoring, learning and creating resources. In order to overcome this problem, government of India and many institutions came up with many schemes, policy initiatives since economic liberalization,1991 so as to promote entrepreneurship among women. It results in continuously increase in entrepreneurship among women because more and more women start associating with entrepreneurship every year. The analysis for the present study is made from MSMEs annual reports which are available on website of Ministry of micro, small and medium enterprise where year, 2017 is being touted as the year when country’s women professionals will finally break through the glass ceiling, there is imprudent increase in women entrepreneur (more than double) in fiscal year 2016-17. The study concludes that women entrepreneurship not only help in more domestic production but also help in more employment generation, empower women in addition to it they make particularly strong contribution to the economic well-being of the of the family and community, poverty reduction, thus contributing to the Millennium Development Goals.

The development of information technology or cyber infrastructure had growth which is very fast in production a wide range of computer products cause some medium sized organization are confused and ambiguous as to what should be done or the IT infrastructure. He cyber security play important role ensure that the IT components or infrastructures execute well along the organizations business successful. The paper will present a study of cyber security threat and management model to guideline the security maintenance on existing cyber infrastructures. In order to perform security model for the currently existing cyber infrastructures the implemented cyber security maintenance within security management model in a prototype and evaluation it for practical and theoretical scenarios.

Beyond the Horizon is the first collection of poems by Prof. Dr Annie John who has been working as Head, Department of English in A. R. Burla Womoen’s College, Solapur, in the state of Maharashtra in India. She has authored and edited over twenty textbooks and reference books so far. She is in the editorial boards of many esteemed journals. Beyond the Horizon is her first book on creative writing which contains heart-touching and thought-provoking poems on varied subjects. They deal with various themes. However, the present paper aims to explore only the theme of love in this collection of poems. It is an attempt to study various facets of love as delineated in it.

Entrepreneurship may be considered as the vital force which is driving several nations’ economic growth. Moreover, it is widely accepted fact that tourism can be used as a means to provide cultural understanding by bringing people from diverse cultural backgrounds together which further leads to the development of peace in the region. Also, Peace through tourism is precisely the reduction & hopeful elimination of the conditions that lead to the violence. And the participation of youths of the country is a very important component in the overall development of the same. More so, during recent years, entrepreneurial motivations are increasing among youth as there is an expansion of scholarly interest and activity in the field of entrepreneurship due to various factors such as support from governments’ end and urge for economic independence among youth. With the onset of several training programmes initiated by Government of India in the terms of skill development, lot many youths are getting attracted to have their own start ups. In this context, the present study discusses about the role of youth taking up entrepreneurship for developing peace building process. After several years of unrest, the youth at present shows an interest towards the peace building process rather they want to be considered as the ambassadors of the peace building process. The statistical tools applied in this research study are Percentage Method, Mean, Standard Deviation, ANOVA, Correlation and Regression.

The State Government Employees are the unic part of administration since the establishment of colonial rule in India but they face many trouble from their European bosses. After independence the condition remain unchanged. Meanwhile in early 1920 government employees organized themselves and formed some employees association for demanding their rights. Such as Indian telegraph association (1906), All Bengal Ministerial officers Association (1920), High Court Association (1923), Bengal Secretariat Association etc. But in early 1930’s there was economic depression and then outbreak of Second World War as a result the condition of state Government employees become critical. The scenario was didn’t changed even after the independence In this situation the ‘Opty’ employees (Hindu employees who gave their option to work under W.B, government) face critical problem. As a result they organize themselves in militant action against the government. Government also took strongaction against them and dismissed many employees. But the employees didn’t panic, they formed West Bengal State Government employees federation in 1947 for organize better movement. This movement get a huge boost up when state govt. employees formed ‘state coordination committee’ in 1956 and this was a great land mark in the history of state government employees movement.

Empowerment of teachers is vital for implementing the best educational practices in order to meet the diversified demands of the educand. It is also a necessary factor in the success of the school outcomes which works towards a common goal for effective functioning. Teachers with high empowerment are more likely to implement innovative approaches in the classroom practices and adequate teaching methods that encourage students’ autonomy and responsibility to manage classroom problems. Therefore, a study is intended to know whether the empowerment of school teachers is adequate to the present scenario. A normative methodology, survey technique, and simple random sampling technique have been applied to a randomly selected 400 higher secondary school teachers as a sample in Cuddalore, Thiruvallur and Kancheepuram Districts of Tamilnadu. The Teachers Empowerment Scale (TES) used for the present study was developed and standardized by the investigator based on the Likert’s summating five point rating scale. The descriptive statistical analysis has been used for the interpretation and explanation about the normality (normal distribution of scores). The findings revealed that the distribution of scores of empowerment of higher secondary teachers was normal and the overall level of empowerment of teachers was average in nature. Only 18.7 percentages of teachers had high empowerment.

India which is second only to the United States in terms of number of listed companies, has a securities market which is remarkable for the sheer number of market participants, the number of listed securities and the volume of transactions. The National Stock Exchange of India Limited is the third largest exchange in the world in terms of the number of equity transactions, after the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ.

Sanskrit is said to be one of the systematic language with few exception and clear rules discretion.The discussion is continued from last thirtythat language could be one of best option for computers.Sanskrit is logical and clear about its grammatical and phonetically laws, which are not amended from thousands of years. Entire Sanskrit grammar is based on only fourteen sutras called Maheshwar (Siva) sutra, Trimuni (Panini, Katyayan and Patanjali) are responsible for creation,explainable and exploration of these grammar laws.Computer as machine,requires such language to perform better and faster with less programming.Sanskrit can play important role make computer programming language flexible, logical and compact. This paper is focused on analysis of current status of research done on Sanskrit as a programming languagefor .These will the help us to knowopportunity, scope and challenges.

In the present study an attempt has been made by the investigators to study the relationship between phobia and academic achievement of eight grade students in Uttar dinajpur district, west Bengal. The investigators have used Descriptive method in the present study .The sample includes of 200 students from 4 selected secondary school which are situated in Uttar Dinajpur district , West Bengal .The purposive sampling technique has been used for the selection of sample .The investigators have developed one questionnaire on phobia for collecting data .For the analysis of data mean , S.D and r by product moment method have been used in the present study .At the end of the study ,it has been concluded that no relationship between phobia and academic achievement of student at rural and urban areas .

Medical Tourism sector is considered to lead the Indian success story after Information Technology. Medical Tourism is new format of tourism market. A travel industry that has remained unaffected irrespective of global economic slowdown is Medical Tourism. Today only Thailand precedes India in world ranking as medical tourism destination. India’s share in the global medical tourism industry was around 3 per cent by the end of 2013 and has reached to 18% by the end of 2017. The Indian health care industry is destined to grow rapidly following the mammoth Indian population growth, reduced mortality rate and the feature of low cost quality services with a repository of tourist destinations. According to Josef Woodman, the CEO of U.S. based medical travel consumer guide ‘Patients Beyond Borders (PBB)’, the world medical tourism market is accounting a growth rate of 25-35 percent per year. It is expected to become a USD 280 billion industry by 2022 with an annual growth rate of average 30 per cent which currently accounting for 13 per cent. Further, globalization and resulting trade liberalization in health services have caused an upsurge in cross-border flows of health care professionals creating scope for Indian players in abroad too. The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) signed as a part of World Trade Organisation (WTO) agreement also paved the opportunities for member countries like India to explore new markets in health services by further liberalizing trade in services. Siliguri is the gateway to north-eastern India and shares its border with Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, and Nepal. It is a very important trading hub of North-Bengal and popularly known as Chicken-Neck of India. The Tea, Timber, and Tourism are three main sources of income for the people in Siliguri. Thus, there are two implications of this research, one being economic implication whereby the concerned hospitals and auxiliary institutions get economically benefitted by the tourist which put impact also on the tourism sector. The other social implication is that whether the accessibility and affordability of medical services in Siliguri are satisfactory from the consumers’ point of view. This paper seek to explore the perception of Siliguri people about Medical Tourism potentialities in Siliguri and also to suggest some measures to policy makers for augmenting the growth rate of this industry on a sustainable basis.

India has officially 22 recognized languages where Hindi is the most commonly spoken language .There is still a lot more work to be done towards developing applications and tools in our National language .Therefore , there is a need to gather and integrate all the research work done in Hindi text to provide the compact understanding for researchers . The present paper draws an attention of researcher to report systematic review focused to identify the challenges or troubles faced by universal teams during the translation or normalization of Hindi text .We have also recommended best tools that will be beneficial to understand the detail of this language.

The present paper is an endeavor to make here to comprehend the underestimated voices based on sexual orientation. Sexual orientation assumes a critical job in our lives for the main inquiry when a youngster is conceived is a kid or a young lady? and our lives are molded by our sex resulting in sex predisposition. Regardless of supporting in the progression of human advancement ladies down the ages have been enduring utter separation. In Indian male centric set up with the man at the Center, the lady is pushed to the edge, for he puts stock in vanquishing and overwhelming with the uninhibited power in his grasp. In the event that unfit to use his capacity outside to its fullest, he fulfills his self image by controlling it at home. Eventually, it is the lady at home who needs to hold up under the brunt of his disappointments. With this as a canvas an endeavor is made to portray and tune in to the calls of a couple of misled ladies characters, in Anita Desais epic "Fasting, Feasting".

This paper reflects a few ideas of Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray as a literary masterpiece. Wilde’s aesthetics of a classic as moral commentary through Dorian are discussed in this paper. The background, genre, writing style, some of the literary devices, plot and characterisation are also studied in this paper briefly.

After suppressing the mass upsurge of August-September 1942, the British lapsed into euphoria for some time, assuming that they had effectively removed the Congress from the centre of Indian politics. In a state of disarray and disorganization, the Congress was thought to have been rendered incapable of posing any threat to the Government. As early as 10th September 1942, Prime Minister Churchill declared in the British Parliament that the Congress party does not represent all India. It does not represent the majority of the people of India. It does not even represent the Hindu masses. It is a political organization built around a party machine and sustained by certain manufacturing and financial interests. Ninety million Muslims, fifty million depressed classes or untouchables, and ninety-five million Indians of Princely India, Churchill contended, were fundamentally opposed to the Congress. He included the Christians and the Sikhs, too, in this category of anti-Congress elements. The Congress as such was a non-representative and powerless organization which could do no harm. That the situation in India was normal was proved by the fact that 140,000 new recruits had joined the army during the time of the disturbances.

Every man is a child of his age. He is influenced by it though if he is man of letters, he may influence it also. An author belongs to his race and age; the spirit of his race and age finds expression through him. A writer is generally said to be “not of an age but of all ages”. A creative thinker is by definition a sociopolitical being. Her or his significance lies in preparing and fostering certain principles, which make the earth a better place to live in. The writers, therefore, cannot confine their words merely for leisure activity; they require to be in touch with more solemn and concerned issues in the society. They are a reflection of the society. They return to the society what they receive from it. They not only reflect the various discourses of the society they live in, but also mediate to mend it as well by their own efforts. Therefore, they cannot escape from the spirit of their own age.

Administration as an activity is as old as society itself. But as an area of study it originated with the publication of Wilson’s essay on study of Administration in 1887. As a process, administration occurs in both public and private organisations. It occurs in such diverse institution as settings as a business firm, labour unions, religious or charitable organisations, educational institutions, etc. Its nature is affected by the sphere with which it is concerned.

Dalit short fiction is the emerging form of Dalit literature marked by a great quantity of writing. Moreover, Dalit short fiction is not simply short fiction but it is associated with a movement to bring the change in individual and social life. The main purpose of Dalit short fiction is to show the material and psychological situation of the Dalit living. Besides this, Dalit short fiction strongly conveys the ‘differentness’ of Dalit literature on the national platform. Thereafter, Dalit short fiction gives a glimpse of how Dalits wishing to live honorably and with respect in terms of quality. Most of the Dalit Short stories which were written by Dalit writers portray the position of Dalits in the society, their unquenchable thirst for a new identity and a constant fight for human dignity. Thus, it is necessary to bring out the unknown facts of Dalit short fiction into the light.

The present investigation deals with the effect of acute treatment of sodium fluoride on the histochemical components of the oesophagus from freshwater fish, Tilapia mossambica (Oreochromis mossambicus). This freshwater fish acute toxicity for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs. exposure of LC0 value 35.0 ppm and LC50 value was 65.0 ppm for 96 hrs. There observed increased depletion of neutral mucosubstances and glycogen and highly increased in acidic mucosubstuances, sulfomucins in oesophageal mucous cells of mucosa ,connective tissue and muscle fibres .The histochemical changes indicate sodium fluoride is toxic to growth and survival of the species .It is essential to know sodium fluoride is hazardous pollutant. It is essential to make awareness about water pollution.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of Yogasanas and pranayama on selected physical variables of the adolescents. The subjects for this study were fourty girls students randomly selected from BLDEAs Girls High School Vijayapur. The age of the subjects ranged between 14 – 16 years. The subjects were equally divided into two groups namely experimental and control group. The treatments to the experimental group were assigned randomly; Asanas and Pranayama the treatment schedule was prepared for twelve weeks. The experimental treatments were employed for 45 minutes a day in six days in a week for twelve weeks duration. Pre and post-test data of all the subjects from two groups were collected before and after the experimental treatment period of 12 weeks. The selected variable were Flexibility and Bodyweight . The data was analyzed by employing analysis of covariance at the 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study indicates that practice of both Asanas and Pranayama had significant effect on Flexibility and Body weight of the subjects.

The economic reforms have not only placed China among the fastest growing economies of the world, but also brought about many socio-economic changes. Unlike other Communist countries like Soviet Russia and Eastern Europe which were not able to support reforms and ultimately broke down to democratic structure, China has stood out as a distinctive case. Chinese political system still remains authoritarian but succumbing to the growing demands of globalization and market economy, there are certain areas where Chinese government has found it difficult to govern its highly differentiated and complex society. The rise of social sector outside the Party/State structure in this context becomes inevitable. But adhering to the Leninist nature of the Chinese state, the growth of any such organizational sphere as a sector independent from state seems to be a distant idea.

Labour is the main asset for the vast majority of the poor in India and as a result expanding employment opportunities should be the focus for not only sustained poverty reduction but also for improvement in human development. The absolute number of unemployed and underemployed has consistently increased in spite of the fact that there was an improvement in the gross domestic product of the economy.Agriculture has proved to be a losing proposition in the country. The larger agrarian crisis has a terribly adverse effect on farm households. The increasing numbers of farmers committing suicides reflect the symptom of this crisis. Because of the failure of agriculture, which happens to be the largest employer in the rural areas, unemployment and underemployment are quite rampant in the rural areas and it is incumbent upon the government to address this issue. It was perceived that there was a dire need for programs that generated employment directly and wage income to the poor. Especially, during the absence of opportunities of employment in the rural areas, these employment generating programs provided income transfers to the poor in India. Many schemes have been conceived of and implemented for the welfare of the weaker sections of the society since independence. Hence, we can say that India has a protracted history and experience in implementing wage employment programs. The National Rural Employment Generation Act 2005 (NREGA) makes a clear departure from the previous employment generation programs. It is unique in the sense that MGNREGA being an Act is also a right. It has a ‘rightsbased’ framework which gives a legal guarantee for work, as opposed to a typicalgovernment program which could be withdrawn at will by a government.

Labour is the main asset for the vast majority of the poor in India and as a result expanding employment opportunities should be the focus for not only sustained poverty reduction but also for improvement in human development. The absolute number of unemployed and underemployed has consistently increased in spite of the fact that there was an improvement in the gross domestic product of the economy.Agriculture has proved to be a losing proposition in the country. The larger agrarian crisis has a terribly adverse effect on farm households. The increasing numbers of farmers committing suicides reflect the symptom of this crisis. Because of the failure of agriculture, which happens to be the largest employer in the rural areas, unemployment and underemployment are quite rampant in the rural areas and it is incumbent upon the government to address this issue. It was perceived that there was a dire need for programs that generated employment directly and wage income to the poor. Especially, during the absence of opportunities of employment in the rural areas, these employment generating programs provided income transfers to the poor in India. Many schemes have been conceived of and implemented for the welfare of the weaker sections of the society since independence. Hence, we can say that India has a protracted history and experience in implementing wage employment programs. The National Rural Employment Generation Act 2005 (NREGA) makes a clear departure from the previous employment generation programs. It is unique in the sense that MGNREGA being an Act is also a right. It has a ‘rightsbased’ framework which gives a legal guarantee for work, as opposed to a typicalgovernment program which could be withdrawn at will by a government.

There are many factors which are responsible towards the success of wildlife conservation; these could be the attitudes of the local population, the understanding and implementation of the strategies by the conservation organizations and many others. However, there is a feeling among the local people that wildlife conservation declines them access rights to Park’s resources, but at the same time the local people are also concerned about the annihilation of this natural heritage in the near future. For the present study Questionnaires and participatory rapid appraisal approaches were employed to generate data and facts from the people living around the protected area of Ranthambhore National Park (RNP). A total of 300 people in seven villages of the Ranthambhore National Park (RNP)were selected and questioned in regard to this study.

Young people work for young organizations. India has one of the largest and youngest population entering the industry. An estimated 1 million young Indians are entering the job market every month. This generation is technology freak and is open to learning. This generation is breaking the old norms rapidly in terms of choosing the jobs or the career paths. The generation no longer bends for the corporate jobs but they pay attention to their interest and are ready to take the risk to shape their talent. If we see at the trend that was there with the previous generation people, we will find that the people at that time were more inclined towards job security, remuneration, and the position attached with the job. Those people see the satisfaction of life with the parameters that symbolizes one’s prosperity and the position in the society.

To improve the economic status, there is need to concern about the low income population prevails in the economy Microfinance, is one of the most important tool for helping those people who are financially poor by giving micro credit to them. To bridge the gap between the formal financial institution and the poor people microfinance institution came into existence. It is an organization that provides financial services to the low income population. Micro financial institutions (MFIs) provide micro finance to see individuals and small business to help them to become self sufficient. Microfinance includes micro credit, small loans to poor clients, savings and checking accounts, micro insurance and payment system. MFI came into existence in the 90’s because formal institutions reluctant to lend to the poor people without knowing the credit history.

Comic Books have been one of the most successful forms of entertainment for more than a century. Apart from being a medium of expression comic books had also ceased to be just a book for comic relief and diverted to represent the society. The people, their culture and the manners they behave have been represented in Marvel Comic books since the World War days. However the sexuality which they present their characters has become questionable as the superheroes in Marvel Comic book have been over represented or sometimes under represented considering the societal standards. Women characters have been hyper sexualized in their drape. Stan Lee the mind behind Marvel chose to put his superheroes in the extremity of either masculine or feminine standing. Men were shown to be too manly and women too womanly. Even Aliens are reduced to follow some of the Earthly livelihood ways that included being muscular for menfolk or being curvy for women. Women were mostly depicted as an object of desire or some detachable side kick who had no mission of her own but followed from some higher male agency. Moreover the American way of life is represented in Marvel Comics in minute details many of which would have been better if these had been done away with.

India became an independent sovereign state, after experiencing prolonged 200 years of British colonial rule in 1947. The homogenization of Indian national identity after independence marked the beginning of identity politics. Before the advent of British rule, the primary units of identity among the Nagas were the clan, family and village. Certain factors like the Naga’s Traditional Self Governing Institutions to which the Nagas were only loyal, Government of India Act of 1935 which designated the Naga Hills district as an ‘excluded area’ with an Inner Line Regulation were perhaps the first stages of Naga Identity formation. The Nagas became part of the Indian Union in accordance with the Hydari Agreement. Naga National Council (NNC) the first ever Naga political organization, have become the nerve centre of Naga tribes as an all Naga political organization and had played a tremendous role in the Naga Identity politics. The Naga identity emerged and expanded under the elaborate administrative, economic, religious and educational policy of the British, which forged to develop a feeling of solidarity and unity among the Nagas. Modernization and education has awakened them and the formation of the state of Nagaland in 1963 was the outcome of the Naga identity politics. The present Naga identity formation is of recent origin, due to a common religion, English Education, Administrative measures such as creation of districts and State, Economic and Development activities and the failure on the part of the government to bring out the desired results.

The purpose of this study was the head teacher leadership style at the secondary level in Kolkata, relation to their background characteristic as such – age , gender , educational qualification,experience. Background characteristic were used as dependent variable and leadership style used as independent variable. Sample for the researcher were selected amongst head teacher, teacher from Kolkata. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5X) were used to measure leadership styles of head teachers at the secondary level respectively. After coding and analysis the data with SPSS software, Leadership presented by on employed scale (minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis.) for further normality test Q-Q plots was used. In the second part of the statistical analysis researcher mainly focus on hypothesis testing such as t-test.

Advancements in technology are dramatically changing all the sectors of the economy. Banking is not an exception to it. In fact the E-banking system has become the heart and soul of banking activities and operations. E-banking is providing a smooth and quick platform for funds transfer. The present study is an attempt to know the bank employees’ perception towards E-banking vis-à-vis Operational issues, Customer related issues, and Technological issues. The researchers have taken six banks consistingof three Public sector banks and three Private sector banks for their study.Thesample size comprises of 100 employeesof Kalaburagi city in which 62 are male employees and 38 are female.

Background: Meditation, the world-renowned concept is serving the people over lot many centuries. Irrespective of being the very old technique, the concept of meditation is getting updated over generation around various countries of the world.Osho dynamic meditation is a form of fast, intense and a thorough way to break old, repressed patterns in the body-mind that keep one put away in the past, and to experience the freedom, the witnessing, silence and peace that are hidden.Aim: To evaluate the effect of dynamic meditation for 7 days on attention, working memory, anxiety, self-esteem and stress.Methods: Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Digit Memory Test, Letter Cancellation Sheet, and Perceived Stress Scalewere given to 20adults.The above tests were administered among the same samples as pre-test, post-test and immediate test after intervention being stopped.The participants were selected using random sampling method. Results: The analysis showed that practice of dynamic meditation has resulted in a positive variation in the functioning of memory, self-esteem and attention. It also resulted a decline in level of anxiety and stress among the participants.Conclusion: The present study concludes that practice of dynamic meditation among the adults had been found more effective.Hence, dynamic meditation could be opted for the adults with high level of perceived stress or anxiety or adults with low self-esteem. It can be also used among the normal population of adults to improve their memory and their attention.

Individual health and hygiene is largely dependent on adequate availability of drinking water and proper sanitation. Therefore, a direct relationship between water, sanitation and health.Consumption of unsafe drinking water, improper disposal of human excreta, improper environmental sanitation and lack of personal and food hygiene have been major causes of many diseases in developing countries and India is no exception to this.Sanitation is one of the basic determinants of quality of life and human development index. Good sanitary practices prevent contamination of water and soil and thereby prevent diseases. The concept of sanitation was, therefore, expanded to include personal hygiene, home sanitation, safe water, garbage disposal, excreta disposal and waste water disposal. The present research aim to study sanitation practices followed by the household in the PanhalaTaluka. For the study hygiene index was prepared and household sanitation practices were assessing. The study result reveals that households are following the hygiene practices in terms of defection and hand washing habits, however the score is less in terms of water related hygiene practices and domestic waste management.

Indian Stock Market is one of the indicators for the economic development. Developing countries like India attract Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) every year. It also plays a significant role in the development of Indian stock market. In this context, the paper attempts to assess the impact of foreign Institutional Investors and Domestic Institutional Investors (DIIs) in Indian stock market. The study is conducted using monthly data on BSE Sensex and FII and DII activity over a period of 9 years spanning from April 2007 to April 2015. It provides the evidence of significant Causality between FII activity and effects on Indian Capital Market, where DII effect is very less. The analysis also finds that the movements in the Indian Capital Market are fairly explained by the FII net inflows.

Emotions play a central role in sport performance. Accordingly, it is important that athletes are able to draw on a range of strategies to enhance emotional control. An athlete’s emotional state may also affect the outcome of a competition by influencing performance both during training and while competing (Butler, 1996). This topic is to outline a range of psychological strategies that could be used by athletes to enhance their emotional control, resulting in improved performance levels. The first discusses how emotions arise, along with the characteristics of an emotional response follow by describes how emotions may impact sport performance, and a number of psychological strategies that could be used by athletes to enhance emotional control will be describes at the last section.

Food is a basic necessity of life. Its importance is seen in the fact it is a basic means of sustenance and an adequate food intake, in terms of quantity and quality, is a key for healthy and productive life. The important food is also shown in the fact that it account for a substantial part of a typical Indian household budget. A country’s economic development is dependent on is factor endowment. This includes the nonhuman and human resources. The productive capacity of the human resources is however a function of how well fed they are. Food problem, with regards to quality and quantity, is one of the characteristics of developing countries like India. Public Distribution System in India is a major intervention aimed at ensuring food security to all the poor, especially the vulnerable sections of the society. It not only essential commodities, including food grins, to more than 6 million families on regular basis, but also ensures the prices stability in the market.

This manuscript has been designed to assess the rural-urban differential in child sex ratio (CSR) of Muslims in particular and total population in general. The main objectives of the present study are to trace out the decadal change in extent and degree of rural-urban CSR difference of Muslims and total population and to investigate the determinant factors affecting such difference. The present study is dealt with the data collected from census of India (2001 and 2011), Indiastat, and DLHS – 4 report, 2012 – 2013. RUDI model and linear regression analysis have been used to represent the proposed objectives. The result reveals that the disparity in Muslim CSR has reduced highly in southern Bengal as compared to northern Bengal while the overall rural-urban CSR difference has fallen down during 2001-2011. Female child deficit in sex ratio and the concerned differential are the matters of global concern especially in underdeveloped and developing countries.

The basic unit of any language is the sentence. Praninskar, Jean (1980) says every language has systematic structural constituents. Analysis and synthesis of the constituents of the structural patterns help for better communication. Without the background knowledge about the structural patterns, communication becomes incomplete; consequently comprehension does not happen among the learners. Adequate basic structures would enable learners to comprehend better. Hence an intensive training on tense and voice is necessary for better comprehension. In this present study, the investigator has adopted (pre – test and post – test) experimental research method. Using purposive sampling technique two hundred and forty students from eight elementary schools were included in the investigation. From the analyses and findings it could be decided that intensive training on tense and voice forms has positive effects on comprehension.

In recent years the use of renewable resourses’ in the fabrication of various polymeric materials has been re-energized because of the environmental concerns. This review present the synthesis of epoxy composites based on vegetable oils using natural fibres. Vegetable oils are good renewable source of raw materials. It is readily available and inexpensive. They are used to prepare various types of polymers. They have high contents of unsaturated fatty acid and can be converted into epoxy fatty acids by epoxidation. Epoxy composites were prepared from epoxy resin and natural fibres. The properties of resins and epoxy composites were examined by NMR, FT-IR, TGA, DTA, SEM analysis.

The common property resource (CPR) is a part of environmental resources. Temple forest is one of the common property resources. Research in the area of common property resources is to unfold many facts of natural resources and its problem thereof. The proposed study would bring the knowledge of the use and access to temple forest; these resources were largely under the control of local god temple’s administration such as Madurai Veeran, Iyyanar, Karuppanaswamy, Muniyappaswamy ect.. There will be an encroachment of resources ultimately degrading the CPRs and depriving the rural poor. But in case of temple forest is protected due to some values. The natural resources is a free rider for the over exploitation of CPRs

Azo dyes are used to enhance the intensity of color to beautify food items. Azo dyes are widely used in cold drinks, cakes, ice-creams, chocolates, medicines, alcoholic beverages, juices etc. Azo dyes contain (N=N) group as chromophore which on reduction yields amines, phenols and other toxic materials, which severely affect human & animal health. Hyperactivity, asthma, restlessness, suffocation, allergy, skin diseases etc. are some of the proven side-effects of usage of these dyes; further, the development of tumours due to these is also being studied. Effects of four most widely used azo dyes Amarnath, Tartrazine, Red 40, and Sunset Yellow and their side effects are discussed in this paper.

The present study was an attempt to find out the relation between students academic achievements and their seating position in classroom. Thirty students of class-X were selected as sample of the study. The study was experimental in nature therefore, “The pre-test-post-test Equivalent Groups Design” was used for the collection of data. Sample students were divided into two groups i.e. control group and experimental through a pre-test and each group was composed of 15 students. Students of the experimental group were seated on the first three benches of the classroom for next one month. After statistical analysis of the data, the researchers concluded that there is a positive relation in between the students’ academic achievements and their seating position in classroom among the students of secondary schools.

Yoga is a group of physical, mental, and spiritual practices or disciplines which originated in ancient India. Yoga is a mind-body practice that has many components such as physical postures, exercises to promote strength, breathing exercises to enhance respiratory function, relaxation to release tension and stress, and mind body awareness to improve attention and regulation skills. The bases of the yoga practice are five basic principles are proper exercise, diet, breathing, relaxation and meditation. When children practice yoga it increases their confidence, builds concentration and strengthens growing bodies. For children with behavioral issues, yoga can improve their impulses in a positive direction and provides them with an outlet as a way to manage their behaviour.

Mobile technologies, and in particular tablets and smartphones, with their innate versatility are presented as an opportunity to progress in the teaching-learning process contributing to the success and also to minimize learning difficulties. Mobile phones have a potential of improving the teaching and learning processes as the tools are cheap compared to other ICTs which can be used for teaching and learning. Mobile devices integrate a series of features used in various learning environments. Basic elements of mobile learning are learner, teacher, environment, content and assessments. Mobile learning has different characteristics. The core characteristics of mobile learning are ubiquitous, portable size of mobile tools, blended, private, interactive, collaborative and instant information.

The term ‘Non – Alignment’ is usually used to describe the foreign policies of nations which have not allied themselves with either of two blocs – communist and western which appeared on the international arena after the Second World War. This policy was first adopted by countries like India , Burma, Ceylon and Indonesia and became so popular in the course of time that most of the Afro – Asian Countries which gained independence in subsequent years also became adherents of this policy . It is noteworthy that most of the countries who adopted non- alignment as their national interest to join either of the two blocs and obtained necessary assistance in the solution of their problems. This world have undeniably led to curtailment of their freedom. But these states preferred to retain independence of action and decided to keep out of power blocs. The consideration of playing more active role in the shaping of their policies in the international sphere also promoted them to adopt this policy.

Leather Industry is one of the oldest and traditional industries in India. It has massive potential for employment generation, production of leather products exports and contribution to gross domestic product. The industry has huge opportunities for development because of conducive policy of the government and globalized market, but at the same time there are certain challenges of modernization and competition by multinational companies. In order to promote and support to the entrepreneur engaged in leather industry, the government of India and state governments have undertaken special policy measures and created a good network of developmental agencies in the country.

Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India has becoming one of the giant corporate entity of the Indian economy. It has nearly about 2048 branches providing services to the peoples. And it has about 19 crore policies holders. For the last five decades LIC is in the mass service provider to the people of the country. India has a rapidly growing middle class of roughly 300-500 million who in the opinion of some experts can afford to buy life insurance, health insurance, pension plan project etc. It can be explained that the attraction of the Indian market holds for the foreign insurer who is been putting pressure in India, to open its market in the rules and regulation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). In the changed environment LIC has to face different challenges it has to project the interest of the shareholders. Though facing the challenges it has to project the interest of the stakeholders. To run the insurance business by having the economically and ensuring financial viability and stability are not very simple. Different factors can put a strain on company’s balance sheet such as establishment cost, business pressure, different pattern of claims settlement, cost of system development etc. On the part of the LIC to meet these problems requires a tremendous skill. Keeping in mind the social and economical needs of this country LIC has brought very much type of insurance products. The important social responsibility of LIC was for the economically weaker section of the society to provide the social security. LIC invest 82% of its investment in public sector and the rest in both private and the co-operative sector. Because of this LIC is a major driver of the state government expenditure contributing for the welfare of the people and it is also one of the major investor that drives the growth of corporative sector.

Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India has becoming one of the giant corporate entity of the Indian economy. It has nearly about 2048 branches providing services to the peoples. And it has about 19 crore policies holders. For the last five decades LIC is in the mass service provider to the people of the country. India has a rapidly growing middle class of roughly 300-500 million who in the opinion of some experts can afford to buy life insurance, health insurance, pension plan project etc. It can be explained that the attraction of the Indian market holds for the foreign insurer who is been putting pressure in India, to open its market in the rules and regulation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). In the changed environment LIC has to face different challenges it has to project the interest of the shareholders. Though facing the challenges it has to project the interest of the stakeholders. To run the insurance business by having the economically and ensuring financial viability and stability are not very simple. Different factors can put a strain on company’s balance sheet such as establishment cost, business pressure, different pattern of claims settlement, cost of system development etc. On the part of the LIC to meet these problems requires a tremendous skill. Keeping in mind the social and economical needs of this country LIC has brought very much type of insurance products. The important social responsibility of LIC was for the economically weaker section of the society to provide the social security. LIC invest 82% of its investment in public sector and the rest in both private and the co-operative sector. Because of this LIC is a major driver of the state government expenditure contributing for the welfare of the people and it is also one of the major investor that drives the growth of corporative sector.

Social competence is the means for the achievement of efficiency in social interaction. It is the capacity to consider other’s perspective concerning a situation, learn from past experience and apply that learning to the changes in social interaction. In the context of present time it is of utmost importance for the teachers to be socially competent, because they are the only who have been entrusted to build the young minds. Anyone who is interested in teaching profession should have social competence as an essential criterion. As such the teachers should try to enrich social competence to make complete development of the students. Nowadays the students are found to have problems in social interaction and social adjustment. They often hesitate to face social situations. All these reveal a crisis in their social behaviour. In this regard the teachers have the supreme responsibility towards their students. Their effectiveness of social competence has positive impact on students’ social behaviour. The present study was conducted with the aim (i) to know the social competence of pre-service B. Ed students and (ii) to compare social competence between male and female pre-service B. Ed students. For this study 36 pre-service B. Ed student were selected. The study revealed that 61.11% pre service B. Ed students have average level of social competence in relation to social leadership. The comparison between male and female B. Ed students also revealed that the difference in social competence in relation to social maturity, social relation and social leadership.

As the excellent source of various nutrients as well as due to the medicinal properties, the use of soybean based food in the daily diet is proved to be essential for good health. The poor population of India is facing the problem of protein-energy malnutrition. They may be benefited with the soy-rich diet. Soy food helps in lowering blood pressure, good for diabetics, prevents cardiovascular diseases, protein-energy malnutrition, overall health promotion. Tofu which is also known as soy paneer is one of the best soy food. Tofu has its functional health benefits especially for those who suffer from lactose intolerance. The use of soybean products in the feed and food industry has increased steadily. The world soybean production is currently 346.02 million metric tons out of which India produced 10 million metric tons constituting about 5% of the total world production. Out of this production, less than 10% is directly used for human consumption.1 In the present study, the tofu is prepared by the traditional method. Calcium sulphate is used as a coagulant, which is beneficial to increase the calcium content of the tofu. This will help in the development of tofu with excellent nutritional value. The tofu is rich in proteins, various vitamins, and minerals and it is cholesterol free. The calcium content of tofu is increased after fortification. Tofu prepared using home appliances is healthy, nutritious and affordable as it is low in cost.

This study encompasses the growth pattern of population and its impact on the economic structureof Murshidabad district of West Bengal. A meticulous study through time-series analysis has been done to explore both positive and negative impact of population growth on the economy and the pattern of change of the economic system.Both secondary and primary data base have been employed to conduct the study. Secondary data has been collected from the Government and Non-government offices and institutions, while the primary datahas been generated through questionnaire survey in the field. Personal contact with the local people was made and perceptions of the people have been recorded. Some selected villages were taken into account to generatefield data.

The locus of control is the persons trust on the self abilities or external forces like god, luck, fate, etc. it is showing the type of the personality which believes self or external forces. Before we see the meaning of Locus of control, first we see the meaning of Control. The self control over the situation or pre decided about the result and having complete control over the situation. The word Latin “Locus” means “Place” or “Location”. Hence, Locus is defined as a point, place, situations, the present research investigation had done to know the impact of locus of control on the sports performance among the sports players of Kalaburagi district. The major objective of the research study to measure the locus of control among sports players, to compare the locus of control sports players than divide them into internal and external locus groups among sports players, to conduct the speed, agility and strength tests to find out the sports performance among the sports players. The research hypothesis stated that there would be significance difference in locus of control among the sports players, there would be significance difference in speed, agility and strength tests among internal and external locus sports players of Kalaburagi district. Total one hundred sports players taken as sample of the study than divided them internal and external locus groups through the standard scale of locus of control developed by Roma pal, the basic statistical techniques like, mean, SD, t tests used to measure ad analysis the data of the research study.

The self confidence is the one of the most powerful psychological factor effecting on the sports players performance in the sports field. Many research studies have been proved that the psychological factors influence on the sports performance. The present study intended to reveal the effect on self confidence on the sports performance of the players or sample of the study. The investigator interested to test the research hypothesis of the study Research tool used - The self confidence questionnaire is developed by M. Basavanna (1971). This questionnaire consists of 100 items. The items are scored according to scoring key. Accordingly the one who scores high is said to have lower self confidence and vice-versa. The add-even split half reliability was calculated and reliability co-efficient as corrected by the Spearmen Brown properly formula was found to be 0.94. The data was collected by the both respondents and analysis through the statistical tests like mean, SD, t tests to prove the research hypothesis of the study.

Milk Producers Cooperative Societies in Kanyakumari District is functioning at the village level, where milk producers get registered as members. The co-operative movement in Kanyakumari district has played a vital role in the social and economic development of the district, particularly in rural areas. Dairy co-operative movement in the district has contributed significantly towards the considerable increase in milk production. The main focus of this paper is to highlight the financial performance of Kanyakumari District Milk Producers Cooperative Society. For this research purpose the researcher used Current Ratio, Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, Quick Ratio, Return on Investment and Return on Assets. The result reveals the fact that the financial performance of Milk Producers Co-operative Societies in Kanyakumari District is well in all position of business transactions. As there is wider scope for the procurement as well as consumption of milk and milk products in the district, efforts can be made to reduce the cost and to maximize the profit to make the milk society a vibrant and viable one in the district and state.

Technology can be imperative for individualized instruction in order to bridge the gaps between teaching and learning. The Kothari commission report asserts that if history subject is poorly taught and badly learned, it is a little more than burdening the mind with dead information. It could even degenerate into new superstitions. In India, history teaching needs overhauling. To understand the real concept of history, classical face-to-face teaching methods may have to be supplemented by innovative methods. Developing Multimedia is emerging to be an innovative method which could help the learners visualizes the materials so as to make them be creative and productive learners. The multimedia are developed with the integration of Multimedia components such as text, audio, video, animation and image which are set to ensure a better understanding of history by the students. In that way, multimedia on cloning was developed for finding its impact on learners. 60 ninth standard students from both genders were taken as a sample. Results revealed that the multimedia package has a positive impact on history learning among students irrespective of gender.

This study is related to calculate and compare the profitability performance evaluation of Bajaj Auto Ltd. and Hero motocorp by using DuPont Model. It is technique assessing a companies return on equity splitting in to three parts that is Profit margin (Profit /sales ), Total Assets Turn over (sales / Assets) and equity multiplier ( Assets/ Equity).This study was conducted on Auto mobile company listed in NSE and period of Study was 2014 to 2018.In this paper secondary data is use. Public Annual financial statement is use for Data collection. DuPont Analysis is very important tools for making operation monetary performance. DuPont Analysis depends on analysis of Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Investment (ROI).Operating Monetary performance is sign of the earning power of the firm. Assets Turn over (Operation Income*Total Assets ) And Profit Margin(EBIT*Operating Income) are under return on investment. The Automobile companies are significant at there level. ROE and ROI help to measure the profitability of firm.

Marriage as a social institution not only regulates and legitimizes sexual relationship between males and females but demonstrates role and status of women. Marriage as a social institution has many gender dimensions which are generally ignored or taken for granted by people. In most of the tradition societieswomen has either no say or very little role in the affair of marriage and related practices and ceremonies. The marriage of Pashtuns popularly known as Pathans is largely governed by Pashtunwali a code of life determined by Patriarchy. There is almost uniformity in the practice of marriage among Pashtuns across the globe, however some studies have also brought forth the “changing face of marriage for Pashtun Diaspora” (Rahman, 2015). The present study analyses the practice of marriage among Pashtuns in Kashmir and explores the gender dimensions of marriage among Pashtuns in Kashmir by employing ethnographic method. On the bases of micro observations and analyses study found that the institution of marriage is highly influenced by gender and women is at receiving end.

The present petrified bilocular capsular fruit was collected from the locality of Singhpur of Chhindwara dist. M.P., India. It is stalked and formed from bicarpellary syncarpous, superior ovary with free central placentation.Fertile locule is large in size and incorporates single seed while sterile locule is small in size and is undeveloped.The present fossil fruit shows close affinities with the living family Gentianaceae.

This critique is an appraisal of an investigatorto unveil the feministic consciousness in Ernest Miller Hemingway’s To Have and Have Not. Though Hemingway is occupied with war and violence in his life, he never led his life devoid of woman. The status of women in our social order even today is excruciatingly painfuldue to the male ascendancy. This male supremacy is made in all realms irrespective to the race, religion, language, and caste. The portrayal of women bears a gigantic change according to the mores, and ethnicity of the society. The delineation of women is not a stationary one. The women community sweats to maintain a sanguine representation in the familylife. Hemingway’sperceptions of women in this novel show that he has a least botheration about the empowerment of women. Women are portrayed as subordinate in his novelTo Have and Have Not.A societal governance of the male community is seen unbutton on the portico of the novel. The symbol of the women in the writings of Hemingway discloses the unenthusiastic thought of the society on women. On the other side Hemingway unearths the significance and the optimistic representation of women in his writings. Hence, it is a stab of the pollster to discharge the representation of women in the life of American writer Ernest Hemingway.

As a part of digital marketing strategy, search engine optimization is driving customers towards business through online platforms. For effective marketing search engine optimization plays a significant role. Organizations are enjoying profitability due to the implementation of SEO on their company website which is increasing client visibility as well as market reputation. In this report, the importance of search engine optimization in digital marketing has been assessed. Customers now-a-days are progressively more turning to the web prior to make any purchase in verticals like technology, furniture, autos and real estate. Through setting clear and specific objectives the assignment has been generated. Based on primary and secondary data collection method the key concepts followed by advantages and working methodology have been briefed in this assignment. Moreover, through the conductance of the survey process, the contemporary market scenario has also been enclosed. By the end, certain limitations in terms of data collection method and analysis have also been detailed with making suggestions for future research.

This ResearchProposal focuses on the Analysis of Mutual Fund’sPerformanceby taking Open Ended Equity Mutual Fund Schemes. Three categories of mutual fund schemes (Equity Small Cap, Equity Mid Cap & Equity Large Cap) with reference to the commercial banks are selected for the study. (State Bank of India, Bank of India & Bank of Baroda- Public Bank, HDFC Bank& ICICI Bank-Private Bank).The objective of this research is to analyse theperformance& measure the risk of mutual fund schemes through the Statistical Parameters, Ratio Analysis& Returns. The outcome of this research is concerned with the returns on the mutual fund investment with the risk. The preference is determined by the comparison of the Statistical Parameters & the Returns. This comparison helps to measure the risk & the performance of the Mutual Fund.SBI Mutual Fund is the most preferred in the public sector. HDFC Mutual Fund & ICICI Mutual Fund are the most preferred in the private sector. The research will help the investors for their investments in mutual fund schemes& change the preference & habit of their investment.

Present study was planned to investigate the role of personality traits in internet addictive behavior of young adults as previous researches shows that this is the stage in which people are more prone to use internet. A purposive sample of 108 young adults of both the gender with the age range of 20 to 25 years was taken in present study. The minimum educational qualification of the participants was graduation and they have ability to read write and understand English language. To achieve the purpose of the study Internet addiction Test (IAT; Kimberly Young, 1998) and NEO-Five Personality Factor Questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1992) were used in the present study. To examine the role of personality traits in internet addiction correlation and multiple regression coefficient analysis were computed. Results of the present study showed statistically strong association between personality traits and internet addiction. In multiple regression coefficient neuroticism factor of personality emerged as a positive predictor of internet addiction while extraversion factor determine or predict internet addiction in negative direction.

The recent rise in a number of calamities and terrorist acts has brought much attention to the vulnerabilities of supply chains. Having passed through many hands that span continents and entities, the reliability and timeliness of freight delivery become increasingly difficult to be assessed. Particularly, at seaports which is an indispensible node in global supply chains and where complex sea and land interfaces come into play, the role of ports in maritime supply chain disruptions needs to be explored. The changing functions of ports and the current supply chain trends denote implications that when identified, will allow better development of mitigation strategies for ports. Despite the importance of this issue, most literature focuses on generic disruptions in the supply chain and those that addresses port-related disruptions do not provide a holistic view of risk management in ports. This research thus aims to fill the literature gap by describing guidelines for port management to operationalise by way of a management model constructed through a comprehensive review of previous research and real life cases and in-depth interviews with management from a port and a port user based in Singapore. The aim is to build a more resilient and sustainable port in the light of challenging evolvement of supply chain trends in the dynamic maritime climate. The management model encompasses three fundamental levels of the port, with strategic responses tailored for the institutional, management and operational levels. Implications to the operations and management of ports in the supply chain context are drawn and future research opportunities are discussed accordingly.

In India healthcare sector goes through many changes over a period of time. In last one decade government introduced many policy initiatives in the healthcare sector such as NRHM, RSBY etc. These policy initiatives have significant impact on the overall healthcare sector. NSSO conducted a nation’s wide survey to map these changes. This paper analyses NSSO 60th round and 71st round data to see the changes in level of morbidity and trends in ailment reporting behavior of healthcare seeker during this time period. The decade from 2004 to 2014 brings many changes in ailment reporting behavior among inpatient as well as outpatient healthcare seeker. In 2008, launch of RSBY has increased inpatient hospitalization but this remain a cause of concern due to inefficient healthcare infrastructure in healthcare services utilization in our nation. In India, prevalence rate of morbidity reported 89 and 118 in rural and urban respectively. There is gender inequality in incidence of ailments reported morbidity and it was visible as the reported morbidity prevalence rate was more in females (99 rural and 135 urban per thousand populations) than in male counterpart (80 rural and 101 urban per thousand). The occurrence of morbidity was higher among lower age group (0-4) and in the higher age group (above 60) which displaying U shaped relationship over a period of time. But in the age group up to 24 years it declining and henceforth it starts increasing. This paper tries to find out the trends in reporting of morbidity among different socio-economic background persons over a period of time.

The present paper aims at scrutinizing the caste stigma as abundantly found in Tagore’s worldacclaimed social play Chandalika that chronicles the insurmountable pangs and sufferings of an untouchable girl Prakriti. Being born into a socially segregated family, Prakriti is portrayed as an epitome of the fractured psyche who is torn between the caste stigma and the new spirit as enlightened by Anandha, the Buddhist Monk. Prakriti is the cynosure of the play who lives on the fringes of a human society that segregates her for just being born as untouchable- who are much prone to undergo humiliation, indignities, injustices, atrocities as leveled against them by the narrowed caste-ridden Hindu society. Prakriti remains a victim to her socio-culturally determined selfhood as she internalizes the social stigma attached to her caste and class. By addressing the theme of untouchability through the character Prakriti, Tagore is making an extremely bold socio-political statement about the perils of untouchability with the aim of visualizing an egalitarian society. Hence, Rabindranath Tagore is a staunch supporter of castless society that is quite evident from his acclaimed play Chandalika.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of brand communities in the context of business schools from the perspective of a service organization and study its actionable antecedents and outcomes for strategic decision making. The paper has used a single cross-sectional descriptive design and is based on data collected using a structured online questionnaire filled up by 210 MBA students belonging to top business schools in India. Data was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in order to validate the theoretical framework. The findings of the study support the assertion that brand satisfaction predicts brand community both directly as well as through brand trust. The research also lends support to the argument that brand community builds brand engagement.

The British rulers make a social political changes and scientific imparted regularity of medical system, institutionalization and medical practitioners in India. Historians argued on colonial administration used western medicine as a tool in India. This articles emphasis on the Indigenous medical physicians or experts. The Indians were trained in western medicine as native doctors in the medical service. Medical institutions were training in western medicine imparted in local Indian languages. Though, the Native doctors were comprised with the training ranging from western medical education in English or vernacular on appointed in the company hospitals. This paper emphasis on emergence of native medical community and specialize on the medical field.

In recent years there has been enormous progress in understanding the entropy and other thermodynamic properties of black holes within string theory going well beyond the thermodynamic limit. It has become possible to begin exploring finite size effects in perturbation theory in inverse size with highly nontrivial agreements between thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Thermodynamic fluctuation theory also has applications to a wide variety of thermodynamic parameters of black holes supported by other methods. In this research paper some thermodynamic parameters of black-holes such as the entropy has been supposed to be determined by application of fluctuation theory applied in thermodynamic equilibrium state of the system. The decisive results have been found to agree to a good approximation with the reported results in the literatures.

The study is designed to evaluate the marketing strategies in SBI life insurance service sector & how these strategies boost sales & marketability of a product which ultimately lead to customer satisfaction.

This article is an attempt to study feminism in the novels of Doris Lessing and Anita Desai. Their characters in the novels appear to be seeking freedom from male domination by speaking out, reacting against social norms, naming and defining themselves. Doris Lessing and Anita Desai fiction focuses on women’s problems i.e. search of identity, independence and inner self. Although they both belong to western and Indian culture, they portray the same problem of women in their novels like motherhood, marriage, and emotional dependence.

Stress is related to cognitive, physiological and behavioural responses of an individual during demanding contexts. The modern students experience more stress due to unhealthy competitions, faulty examination system, over loaded syllabus, peer jealousy and lack of recreational activities. This affects their physical and mental health and academic performance. Therefore, it is high time that we should learn how to manage stress effectively to improve mental and physical health of the students. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy has been used to the treatment of stress, and other personality disorders. This study investigated the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in reducing stress of class IX students of Kozhikode district. The design of the study was a pre-test, post test non equivalent group design. A stress scale validated by the investigators was used for collecting data. The collected was analyzed using t test for independent large sample and analysis of covariance. Results showed that Cognitive Behavioural therapy was highly effective in reducing stress among class IX students.

Mobile technology, in the form of phones, tablets, and notebooks, is making our lives better than ever before. It does this in many ways, not the least of which is making communications routine. We can be in touch with those we need to reach, whether work-related or personal in nature. We can send important files almost anywhere in the world in seconds so business is addressed when it is critical. We can collaborate with co-workers in real-time no matter how spread out they may be. We can get confirmation or approval of vital decisions on the spot. Mobile technology has changed the way we do business for the better. Mobile technology is spreading its tentacles everywhere. How far it is helpful to the teachers/ is the mute question here. Hence, the present study. The objectives of the study were: to find out the level of mobile technology competency among high school teachers, to find out the significant difference in the mobile technology competency among high school teachers in terms of Gender and to find out the significant difference in the mobile technology competency among high school teachers in terms of marital status. The random sampling method was used for the study. Mobile technology competency test with 60 items were used for the study. The findings of the study are: the high school teachers are having mobile technology competency at average level. The variables gender and marital status do influence the mobile technology competency of high school teachers. The female high school teachers have better mobile technology competency than male teachers. The unmarried high school teachers have more mobile technology competency than married high school teachers.

Punjabi culture is very vast and colourful which can be seen in Weddings that continue for many days. Among Punjabi’s, weddings have their own significance and charm. Punjabi weddings are famous for their rich culture and traditions. For a girl it is always a dream to look her best as a Bride. In this context, the study focuses on the Buying Behaviour of Apparel and Accessories by the girls of Punjab for their wedding. A Sample pool of 60 girl respondents of age group between 18 to 30 years who belonged to Punjabi Culture was taken for the purpose of investigation. The study concluded that on an average most of the respondents would spend an amount of 10 to 70 lakhs on entire wedding, 1-20 lakhs for their wedding apparels and more than 5 lakhs for their jewellery (real and artificial) as they may see it as an investment.It has been seen that Mehndi, Sangeetare the main functions girls want to have in their wedding. New emerging trend of Bangal ceremony is also observed. Study reveals that most of the girls would like to have a traditional wedding. Girls would like to buy their wedding apparels from Designer Boutiques, and their Jewellery/Accessories from Branded Showrooms.Ideal wedding dress style most preferred is Elegant. Colors mainly Shades of Red and Pink are favourites among girls. Lehnga-Choli is the most liked silhouette.The Punjabi girls are becoming more aware of fashion trends and there is a huge scope for fashion designers in this field of designing wedding apparels and accessories.

The Local Authorities Loans Act, 1914 regulate the municipal borrowings. Most states generally allow municipalities to secure their borrowings against revenue/funds and not immovable property. In early days financial needs of the urban infrastructure meet by budgetary allocations and borrowings from state-owned institutions like HUDCO and LIC backed by state government guarantees. The commercial sources and volume of borrowings are Government Institutions, Capital Markets, Specialized Infrastructure Finance Entities, Sector Specific Municipal Development Funds/Facilities, and Tamil Nadu Urban Development Fund (TNUDF).

Any sort of technological advancement, has both its pros and cons in the context of social change. Technological advancements, especially the changing role of the media, have a lasting impact on molding cultural attributes—ways of thought, attitude and lifestyles. Whether this impact is healthy or not from the viewpoint of developing a ‘culturally’ sustainable society is a crucial question. But the fact is that in Assam media has also its negative impact on the society which cannot be nullified. This paper is an attempt to study on the status of the social responsibility of media in Assam and it impact on the society at large. There is also an acute awareness that the media should be responsible in what and how it report and also clearly distinguish disseminating information from analysis and opinions. The role of news media is very significant in Assam, and Assam has a very vibrant news media. It is strongly vocal about the policies and programmes of the government. However, “Assamese” as a community has always been quite emotional and thus being easily moved by sentiments. This has induced political leaders and other vested interest groups to easily motivate the masses for their own selfish motives by using the news media and mass media directly or indirectly. At times media persons are also seen going against the rules by glorifying political leaders or political parties thereby misleading the people and the society. Therefore the concept and status of media ethics in context to news media holds prime value for the overall development of the society.

Indian culture is based on traditions and festivals. As per the Indian environment, there is a history that woman teaches good lessons of our religion to her foetus in the period of pregnancy. But now in this globalized world, pregnant women attend workshops for the purpose of nurture. This is due to changing thinking towards our traditions. Majority of the new generation thinks that, affection towards tradition shows our mental & educational backwardness. Nevertheless, as per today’s requirement, it is our responsibility to introduce our tradition in a scientific and economic way to our new generation.

Health insurance services means all services that we receive from insurance players including such services as “Issuance of policy, innovative products, customer care and facility, resolving complaints, treating new customer, respect to senior customer, solving problems and queries, after sale services, answering questions and respecting customers, reminder and notices, claim settlement, faster services, revival of policy, continuation of policy, facilities for payment of premium, mode of payments, infrastructure and up keeping front office, hospitality basic facilities for customers like water, chair, fans etc to focus on health on the customers”

The present scenario students are facing new challenges in education. Academic stress is mental and emotional pressure that occurs due to various demands of teachers, parents and self. Academic stress is due to the need of perfection, worry about grades and peer group competition. In particular, frequent curriculum change, writing many record works, assignment, seminars, staff student ratio, innovative methods of teaching and preparation of instructional materials pressurized the students in colleges of education. New strategies like integrating ICT, Outcome based teaching and inclusive educations are giving more stress on B.Ed. students. After completion of B.Ed. degree, eligibility examinations, competitive examinations, coaching classes, unemployment due to more self-finance colleges and very low salary at matriculation schools also stress the B.Ed. students. The stress affects the student’s health and well-being. Sometimes academic stress affects student’s mental health also. Academic stress is an important factor accounting for variation in academic achievement. This study aimed to measure the Academic stress of bachelor of education students in relation to gender, subject of their study and year of the course.

Prior to 1991, the industrial relations systems in India sought to control conflicts and disputes through excessive labor legislations. These labour laws were protective in nature and covered a wide range of aspects of workplace industrial relations like laws on health and safety of labours, layoffs and retrenchment policies, industrial disputes and the like. The basic purpose of these laws was to protect labours. However, these protectionist policies created an atmosphere that led to increased inefficiency in firms, over employment and inability to introduce efficacy.

The exchange rate is the ratio of one currency to another currency. Exchange rates are also determines the value of one countrys currency to another currency and the balance of payment is statistical that comprises transactions between residents and non-residents during a period. The purpose of this study is to examine exchange rates impact on the balance of payment (BOP).the secondary data where use from the RBI (central bank of India) from 2001 to 2018. Indias export, import, trade account balance, current account balance and overall balance data were collected for various years. Therefore, this paper analyzes the relationship between exchange rates and balance of payment and how exchange rates affect the balance of payment with the help of data.

Wole Soyinka is a Nigerian Playwright, Poet and Essayist. He was awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in literature, the first African to be honored in that category. A deep chasm divided the African life and the materialistic modern life, which the Africans have assimilated. In Wole Soyinka’s, ‘The Lion and the Jewel,’ Baroka the lion fights with modern Lakunle over the right to marry Sidi. The conflict between modernity and tradition has been clearly delineated through the European tongue. It presents the conflict between Baroka the lion and Lakunle, the school master. The most prominent theme of this story is the rapid modernization of Africa, coupled with the rapid evangelistic of the population. Modernity is always for the reformation of the world oddities and misconceptions. Lakunle is portrayed as the civilized antithesis of Baroka and unilaterally attempts to modernize the community and change its social conventions for no reason other than the fact that he can. There is a clear cut clash between tradition and modernity. Lakunle, the village schoolmaster stands for modernity, westernization, newness and progress. Sidi stands for tradition and beauty and Baroka stands for power, strength, tradition and cunningness. It presents the conflict between Baroka the lion and Lakunle, the school master.

The study attempts to find out whether there is any effect on Social Adjustment among adolescents after giving Life Skills Training. The method adopted for the study was Experimental method with PretestPosttest Non-equivalent group design. The sample consisted of 60 adolescents selected from MD Seminary School in Kottayam, Kerala. Bell’s Adjustment Inventory was used to measure the variable under study. Life Skills training was given as an intervention programme. The statistical techniques used was t test, The results revealed that there was significant difference denoting the effectiveness of Life Skills training programme on Social Adjustment among the adolescents.

Rural India underwent several major transformations during the period of globalization. The traditional set up of the human community is shaken up in rural area. The human values and life styles of rural people are changing in process of urbanization/industrialization/globalization. The present paper focuses on an authentic presentation of changing human values and lifestyles of rural people in the select short stories of Manoj Das. He depicts various facets of human existence in his stories against the background of rural India and glorifies traditional rural values and condemns the vices of urban culture.

The present study was conducted on a sample consisting of 400 students – males and females – studying in degree classes of several colleges located in Deoria district of Uttar Pradesh. Of these 400 subjects, 200 subjects were from Muslim community and 200 subjects were from non- Muslim (The Hindu) community. The sample was incidental in nature and care was taken that both male and female students stemming from Muslim and non- Muslim communities, rural and urban residential areas and varying in family income levels might be included. The subjects fell in the age range of 18-22 years. For measuring level of modernisation the ‘Comprehensive Modernisation Inventory’ constructed by Ahluwalia and Kalia (1985) was used. Analysis of data revealed that the non – Muslim group was significantly higher than the Muslim group on Modernisation. Income level of subjects influenced their level of Modernisation. Urban subjects were found significantly higher than rural subjects on the level of modernisation. Sex factor was found significantly influencing level of modernisation only in non – Muslim group.

Cancer is one of the most important causes of death in the world and also in India. Excluding a few diseases like AIDS, most of the major killers of the world as well as India are on the decline. Cancer is, however, on the rise. India is now the highest Cancer burden country in the world. The data regarding Cancer has been collected from vital statistics published by government of Maharashtra. The present study attempts to evaluate the Spatio-temporal analysis of cancer mortality in major urban centers of Marathwada region of Maharashtra state. The objective of this research paper is to study the distributional pattern both spatially and temporally, The researcher proposes to analyze the available data at various stages is being calculated using various statistical methods. The distributional pattern of Cancer is to be investigated at urban centre wise. The data collected for 35 years period has been analyzed by locational graph methods, Standard Mortality Rate (S. M. R.)and simple ranking technique is used for understanding comparison and distributional pattern. The study reveals that various physical and cultural factors of the environment associated with the occurrence of the Cancer in the urban centers of the study region. Moreover, various factors such as urban pollution, smoking and chewing of tobacco and betel pan, consumption of alcohol, malnutrition, poor post natal care and poor maternity services, poor genital hygiene, early consummation of marriage, multiple pregnancies, and contact with multiple sexual partners, dietary factors, life styles, occupational exposure, vitamin deficiency, water and air pollution, sunlight, radiation, pesticides and medications. Lack of application of screening techniques, adequate treatment facilities and lack of public awareness about cancer are some of the causes responsible for cancer mortality in the study region.

In this study, the investigator made an attempt to find out the friendship of student teachers in Kanyakumari district. The objectives of the study were, i) To find out the level of friendship of student teachers. ii) To find whether there is any significant difference in friendship of student teachers with respect to their Gender, Subject, Educational Qualification and Marital Status. Survey method was adopted for the present study. The population for the present study consisted of all student teachers studying in Colleges of Education in Kanyakumari district. Using simple random sampling technique the investigator selected a sample of 510 student teachers. To interpret the raw data, analyses were done using percentage analysis, mean, standard deviation and t-test. The findings revealed that, most of the student teachers seem to have average level friendship. There is significant difference between male and female student teachers and married and unmarried student teachers in their friendship. There is no significant difference between U. G. and P. G. qualified student teachers and arts and science subject student teachers in their friendship.

Dignity and self-respectare the essence of human rights. Common threat to dignity and self-respect is a violation of human rights. Human rights are integral part of human beings. They are born with men in the sense human beings get them by birth.

Retail banking is that division of banking industry which deals with the largest part of any country. India has a more than 200 years history of retail banking. During this tenure, banking sector has gone from so many developments and turnarounds which have changed the total face of a retail bank in India. In the current market, service sector is gaining importance day by day. Banking services are one of those. Evolution of new and innovative banking services are giving birth to the demand for more in this sector also. With the diversified portfolio, Banks are not only doing the lending and depositing work; rather they are into the much more complex and dynamic areas like, Investments, Payments, and Insurance. So it is always required to check the awareness level of the customers about these diversified offerings. This diversification of banking also invites different threats and challenges. The current cases of frauds and scams and increasing number of retail banking threats makes it essential to know about your bank. This paper explores the awareness level of the banking customers about their retail bank.

In this paper author has try to highlight the pros and cons of the globalization. The government efforts in the way of globalization have been discussed and suggest the ways through which our government school will become the part of global education system.

The present study aims at finding the influence of emotional stability on academic achievement of low vision students studying in inclusive schools. Emotional stability is one the psychological traits involved in personality studies. Due to visual limitation, low vision students are many times emotionally disturbed. This emotional disturbance affects academic achievement. The positive emotions are to be developed among low vision students in inclusive schools in order to make them adaptable to the sighted environment. For the present study, Simple Random Sampling technique was used to draw a sample of 180 low vision students from classes VI, VII & VIII in the inclusive schools at Salem district. Normative Survey method was used. Emotional Stability Scale for Low Vision Students was prepared and standardized. For academic achievement, quarterly, half yearly and annual marks of each student were collected and made average out of 500 marks. The results of the study revealed that negative emotions of low vision students did not significantly predict their academic achievement. Positive emotions of low vision students did significantly predict their academic achievement. The study recommended to should include activities for emotional development of the students in the school curriculum.

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The RBV’s development happened between 1984 and the mid-nineties. In today’s competitive world it is very difficult for organizations to survived in the competition. To survive organization should build competitive advantage over other organizations. Organizations should able to develop the system in their organizations which will help them to gain sustainable performance. Cost reduction with help of technological change, new products launch, innovation is very essential for organizations. Meeting market requirement to supply various products and services with efficient production system is very much important. Pfeffer (1998), for example given importance to innovation, organization ability to manage change and get adapted with change and speed. Pfeffer (1998), given less priority for organizations ability to capital, huge production with the help of economies of scale, access to advanced technology as well as large numbers of patents to create entry barrier for other firms. Pfeffer (1998) to achieve all above goals resources in organization plays a very important role. Human capital is key for success of the organization. Contribution of human capital and importance is huge in organizational growth. (Huselid 1995; Bae and Lawler 2000; Inchniowaki 1997; Boxall and Steenevald 1999). Human capital plays a strategically active role in success of organizations. Impact of human capital is huge and it is considered as valuable asset when it comes to measure firm’s performance and creating efficiency (Barney 1996, Wright, Dunford, Snell 2001)

There has been continuous changes in the buying behavior of customers with the social and technological changes. It has become very important to study the recent trends in the buying behavior of the young generation because there is digital revolution everywhere in the world. As a result, young generation is under influence of new technology to a great extent. It has brought many changes in the marketing strategies of almost all the companies in all the sectors of economy. They have started to do online marketing of their products. O line marketing has changed almost all the marketing strategies. There has been continuous increase in the use of smart-phones by the young generation. It has become need of young generation. They can easily purchase any commodity online by using their smart-phones. It has changed their buying behavior to the great extent. Life in big cities has become very fast. Many people living in big cities don’t have time to go to market for shopping. Online purchasing has saved their time. Almost all the commodities are available in this online market. It has brought the market very close. Home- delivery of commodities and payment after delivery etc. are some of the important features of online purchasing.

The present study was an attempt to study the value pattern of adolescents in relation to their academic backgrounds. A sample of 120 was drawn randomly from Govt. Senior Secondary School, Sector20, Panchkula. Efforts were made to make the sample as fairly representative as possible. Variables like gender, socio-economic status and intelligence level were considered on the basis of which division of the total sample was considered. t-test was computed for data analysis. Result found that there exists significant difference in the value profile of arts and Science group. The study also revealed insignificant differences between arts and commerce group, science and commerce group.

The current paper sheds light on the analysis of the Indian Telecom Industry and the impact of privatization on it. The telecommunication industry of India is one of the vast and leading industries in the world connecting different parts of the country through various modes like telephone, radio, TV, satellite and internet. The telecom Regulatory Authority of India governs this industry by providing a regulatory framework and favourable environment for its efficient operations. The telecom industry stands as the second largest in the world due to its rapid advancement and is in cut- throat competition with the telecom industries of the other developed countries. On the other hand privatisation is the process of switching the authority from the government to the private sector. Privatization is the process that has huge impact on the telecom sector in India. Data for the paper is the secondary data which is obtained from different annual reports of Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) and from Google.

During the era of coalition/minority Government, the prime ministerial Cabinets that had operated under Nehru after Patel’s death in December 1950, under India Gandhi in the 1970s (excepting the Janata Party rule), and Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi during the 1980s became a thing of the post. Instead, a more collective Cabinet system came into existence. The difference between the 1970s and the 80s only was that the Congress state Government especially in the non-Hindi speaking rim-lands. During the latter half of the 1980s, a more differentiated party systems at the State level dotted by non-Congress Governments also differentiated configuration of party representation in the Lock Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. The Congress Governments could manage. By the 1990s Congress and non-Congress coalition Governments managed to somehow muster majority in the Lok Sabha, but the Rajya Sabha was invariably controlled by the parties or coalitions in opposition.

At midnightof 8th November, 2016 everyone thought about the passing various important bills through rigours discussionin the winter session of parliament. But our Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi had announcedthat, ‘the old Rs.500 and Rs.1000 notes are cancelled and it will be no more acceptable as legal tender’. After this, it has created many problems and on the first day of winter session of parliament argument and chaos had started. The demonetization decision was one step to remove black money from Indian society. In the implementation of demonetization our country has started new journey towards thecashless economy. The developing country like India, low level of internet penetration, uneducated farmers, unbanked population, lower level of awareness among rural inhabitants and cyber security are the major challenges before cashless economy in India. One can say we need to improve above mentioned obstacles to increase cashless economy in India.

Economic development of a nation needs capital formation. To achieve development plans a high rate of capital formation is aimed at in all developing countries. To stimulate and guide capital formation, the growth of capital market is a prerequisite. An efficient capital market helps the investors in getting information about various investment opportunities making sound investment decisions and to diversify and reduce risk. Accounting plays a very crucial role in creating and sustaining the level of confidence needed for the success of capital market.The whole aim of accounting is to keep systematic records of financial transactions so they can be communicated to the various stakeholders. The way this information is communicated to the relevant parties is through financial statements.Financial statements’ analysis and reporting are one of the bedrocks of modern business.The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has issued Schedule III which laysdown a format for preparation and presentation of financial statements byIndian companies for financial years commencing on or after 1st April, 2014.This Schedule III has some significant Conceptual changes such asCurrent/Non-current distinction, primacy to the requirements of theaccounting standards, etc.Thequalitative characteristics of financial statements mainly areunderstandability,Relevance, Reliability and Comparability.This paper discusses about the qualitative characteristic of “comparability” and tries to find out whether Schedule III improves the comparability of Financial Statements.

Background:A team is a collection of individuals who are interdependent in their tasks, share responsibility for outcomes in an institutional or organization. Team effectiveness can be defined as the ability the members of the team has to perform a particular task in an effective way.The present research takes the lead in assessing the team effectiveness scale in vernacular language (Tamil) will help the workers to easily understand and check how well their teams interact with the organization and make a benefit to the production and profit of the organization.Aim:To translate the team effectiveness scale in Tamil by in order to assess the level of interaction among the team members in the local industries. Methods: The Tamil adaptation of the Team Effectiveness Scale by Upinder dhar and Santosh dhar was done using language conversion and corrected regarding the soundness and linguistic precision of the translation.The translated scale was given to 68 workers based on purposive sampling method and was standardized. Results:It is found that the Tamil adaptation of team effectiveness scales seems to have high internal consistency reliability and content, construct validity.Conclusion: The Tamil translation of the Team Effectiveness Scale among the local workers in small scale industries is found be highly reliable and valid which can be further administered to various industries to assess the team effectiveness and for further researches.

This study was undertaken to identify the constraints in the use of government policy implements related to unemployment in general as well as the review of condition of rural labour reform in particular in the state of Bihar. It was observed that the condition of rural labour is not up to mark because, here one side, the problems faced by the labour class peoples are that Decrease in Cottage Industries and Village Handicrafts, Uneconomic Holdings, educational backwardness, increase in population, Indebtedness etc. but the other side rural labour market is undergoing significant changes mainly due to rising employment opportunities outside agriculture. The real wage rate for farm as well as non-farm rural labour is moving upwards. The movement of workers outside the agriculture sector was found to be influenced by a complex set of factors such as the pattern of economic growth, inter-sectoral differences in the wage rate and worker productivity, government programmes, education, and socio-cultural factors prevailing in rural India. It was also seen that More than 70 per cent of workforce is engaged in agriculture or other agricultural pursuits. Faster and inclusive growth needs special attention to the informal economy. Sustaining high levels of growth is also intertwined with meeting the need of those engaged in informal economy in terms of credit, skills, technology, marketing and infrastructure etc. The attempts have been made to suggest various recommendations to over-come these problems.

Man is a social being. He gets fulfilled both physiological and psychological needs in groups. Family is a basic institution and primary group in which its members enjoy love and affection, warmth, care, solace during crisis, security, being nursed during illness etc. There is a saying which goes “There is no heaven like home”. Hence home is the place where a person relaxes, have people to love and to be loved, to trust, to share, to fight with etc. These privileges are not relished by people who don’t have families and even if they have one, when they don’t stay with the families, it is unfortunate to miss these beautiful moments in their lives. One such unfortunate group is prisoners. Due to an unprecedented situation, their life turns into chaos by the time they realise what had happened in their life they be incarcerated missing all the advantages and liberties in their life.

Every successive programme starts from human mind. Attitude is a predisposition of human mind to response any situation and it is an important factor to success of inclusive education. This study is investigated the attitude of Pre-Service and In-Service teachers towards Inclusive Education at secondary stage and their difference. Descriptive survey method is used in this study. A self made questionnaire is used for data collection. The questionnaire is distributed to 110 secondary school teachers, in which 60 Pre-Service and 50 In-Service teachers of Birbhum district. The findings are revealed that maximum secondary school teachers both Pre-Service as well as In-Service have positive attitude towards Inclusive Education. This study is also focused that a very few Pre-Service and In-Service teachers have negative attitude regarding Inclusive Education.

Objective: - Happiness is a positive emotional state. It involves the detailed evaluation of one’s current position in the world. It is the sum total of positive effect and general life satisfaction. Happiness is one of the leading pursuits among university students. The present study examined effect of gender and course of study on happiness among university students. Method: - This study is based on sample of 60 university students divided into two groups 30 males and 30 females. In each group 15 students have science & 15 have arts subjects. Samples were selected through snowball sampling method. The Happiness among the students was measured using Happiness Scale constructed by Dr. Rastogi and Dr. Moorjani . Mean & ANOVA were applied for data analysis. Results: - The results of the present study demonstrated that male student’s shows higher happiness than female students as the mean score of male students (278.00) is more than mean score of female students (238.20). Results also revealed that students from arts faculty have also high happiness tendency than science students as the obtained mean scores of arts students (269.23) is more than mean scores of students of science faculty (246.97). Conclusions: - Male and arts students have high happiness than female students and sciencestudents.

After liberalization, privatization and globalization in India, there have been tremendous changes in human resource management policy of industrial sector. Recruitment of employees on contract basis is one of the important reasons. Now there is lack of permanent jobs in industrial sector. There is keen competition among employees to sustain their jobs. There is need of motivation and incentives to these employees. Loyalty and commitment of these employees is of utmost importance for the survival of industrial sector. Performance of an organization is directly depends upon human resources of that organisation. There is need of proper training to the workers who directly work on huge machines. Office work also needs some other skills which must be enhanced in human resources by the top level management of the organization. There is need of ling term strategic planning for overall development of human resources. Proper health facilities should also be made available to these workers. It will certainly motivate them to show their best performance.

The present research study was undertaken to examine the Social Skills and General Mental Ability of Adolescents in School. Descriptive Survey method was adopted for the study. Social Skills Inventory constructed by the investigator and Revan’s General mental Ability test were used for Collection of data. Percentage Analysis, t-test, Person Product moment correlation techniques were used for analysis of the data. The result showed that Majority (68%) of adolescents were found to posses moderate level of Social Skills only (18%) of adolescents were found to posses high level of Social Skills, Majority (64%) of adolescents were found to posses moderate level of General Mental Ability only (18%) of adolescents were found to posses high level of General Mental Ability, No significant difference was found in Social Skills of male and female adolescents. No significant difference existed in General Mental Ability of male and female adolescents; No significant relationship was found to exist between General Mental Ability and Social Skills.

During last two decades, extensive attention has been paid on the management of environmental pollution caused by hazardous materials. In this study, we chosen three investigated species, Ulva fasciata, Sargassum hornchuchii and Pterocladia capillacea, which were collected from Abu Qir, Alexandria were subjected to concentration of 50% of water soluble fractions (WSFs) of crude petroleum oil by varying exposure time to 2,4 and 6 days. Analyses were performed to study the effect of WSFs of crude petroleum oil on the contents of amino acids, some enzymes activities and ultrastructure of the investigated algae. The results indicated that the total amino acids contents decreased significantly (at P < 0.05) in all algal samples during the exposure experiment. Treatment with WSFsof crude petroleum oil increased the activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase of the three treated algal species. The study also shows that treatment with WSFs of crude petroleum oil also affect the ultrastructure of all the treated algal species.

This study aims to observe the conditions of Human Development among the SAARC Countries, to examine the trend, pattern and composition of the indicators of human development along withHuman Development Index (HDI) among SAARC nations. Secondary data is used to analyse this study from 1990 to 2017. Since 1990, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has been preparing the global Human Development Report (HDR).Every year the HDRemphases on a distinct issue that effects on measuring the multidimensional human development. HDIis getting popular to measure the development of a country. It combines three critical indicators namely, Education, Life expectancy, and Standard of living. The highly developed nations are with higher HDI scores.In the year 2018, Niger has scored 0.536 whereas Norway got 0.953in HDI score. Therefore, Norway will be considered more developed than Niger in Human Development. Obviously, when compared with the previous year’s status all South Asian nations registered positive growth. India’s HDI value has been increased from 0.427 (1990) to 0.640 (2017), i.e., a sharp increase of HDI value of 0.231. These remarkable achievements achieved by India next to Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India ranks third in SAARC region and 130th rank in the world among 189 Countries and territories. This study has been attempted to throw lights on the progress which is addressed systematically to the promotion and protection of human development.

Floods and Cyclones are the most destructional and widely spread disasters among all the Natural Disasters along the coastal plains of Orissa. It is clearly understood by Looking at disaster events in Orissa of the last few years, It is evident that Natural Disasters are inevitable and it is almost impossible to fully recoup the damage caused by the disaster. But it is possible to minimize the potential risk by developing disaster early warning strategies, preparing and implementing developmental plans to provide resilience to such disasters and helping in rehabilitation and post disaster reduction. Some of the lessons learned in the last several years given clear indication that the availability, management and presentation of GeoInformation plays a crucial role in disaster management. Today Geographical Information System (GIS) takes an important role for Intelligent mapping through analysis and data sharing which is vital for preparing pre-plans to reduce the problems and better monitoring when disaster takes place and post disaster management. The analytical capabilities of GIS support all aspects of disaster. In this paper an attempt has been taken to delineate the vulnerable Flood prone areas and Cyclone prone areas with its risk assessment basing on secondary source data and finally with some suggested measures on its pre-plan preparation to minimize the problems of Ganjam District in GIS Environment.

Basic infrastructure like safe drinking water and social infrastructure such as schools to provide education, to establish the health care providers are essential to promote better utilisation and by improving the economic growth and quality of life in the villages particularly among the rural poor and also among those who are settled at the remote places away from the access of the physical infrastructure. It is very essential to strengthen infrastructure facilities such as transportation, communication, health and so on among the rural people. In fact, Indias high rate of economic growth will be difficult to sustain if infrastructure development does not increase and keep pace with the demand for the same. This study entitled 'The Physical infrastructures of Rural People in Kalvarayan Hills Block”, helps to find out the situation of rural infrastructure, the status of living conditions of rural people in the study area and the existence of relationship and impact between infrastructure development and rural livelihoods of Kalvarayan hills block. As this is one of the underdeveloped blocks in Tamilnadu, in Villupuram District, one-third of population live under absolute poverty. Kalvarayan Hills is landlocked and bordered by three districts Salem, Villupuram and Thiruvannamalai. In the block most of the territory remains as high mountains and a little small part of the area is terrain. Because of its landlocked nature and formation of territory, the economy is mainly agriculture based; besides, tourism is an alternative and also a potential sector for economic growth and livelihood.

Adolescence is the transition period in which an individual attains the skills necessary to become a productive adult. Near a quarter of Indias population are contributed by Adolescents forming the largest ever cohort in human history. This paper aims to unfold the scope of social work practice with Adolescents with special reference to Health Seeking Behavior. The study involves quantitative approach of collecting data from 300 unmarried adolescent girls in Chennai slums using a structured interview schedule. The major findings show that 57% of the respondents have poor health-seeking behaviour. The need for social work intervention is depicted through model.

While in Congress organization, E.V.Ramasami (E.V.R.) Periyar stood for the cause of the nonBrahmins. He waged a crusade against social discrimination and constantly demanded communal representation. By dint of his ability, he was acknowledged one of the important leaders of the Tamil Nadu Congress. From a Congress volunteer, E.V. R. raised his position as the President of the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee. E.V.R made long tours and his eloquence increased his name and fame. . He was the Secretary of Tamil Nadu Congress Committee (T.N.C.C.) and he remarkably worked to improve the membership and image of the Gandhian Movement. As a congress leader, E.V.R was against social disparity and stood for social acceptance of the downtrodden people . In his speeches he almost insisted a casteless society aiming at equal opportunities to all. The Cheranmadevi Gurukulam issue illustrated his fighting spirit against social ill in the Tamil society.

In India, agriculture contributes around 21 per cent to the gross domestic product while providing employment to around 60 per cent of country’s work force. Agricultural development in 21st century faces some unprecedented challenges in the face of steady growth in the world population, which is expected to reach 10 billion marks in 2020.and with nearly 800 million people not having enough food to eat. In India, vegetables occupy an important position among various food crops from the view point of healthy diet since a sizable population of the country consists of vegetarians. India is world’s largest producer of vegetables after China, and grows a wide range of vegetable crops under varied production systems. Vegetable production is no exception to this rising trend in input use. The increasing awareness among the people regarding healthy diet and importance of vegetables has been responsible for augmentation of vegetable production in the country over the years. This increase in vegetable production has been possible due to the expansion of irrigation facilities and wide use of other inputs like seeds, fertilizers, pesticides etc. For example, vegetables alone consume 12.13 per cent of insecticides used in production systems in the country. Therefore, this paper examines the changing scenario of horticultural production and marketing in India.

The increasing water scarcity with running days has been one of the common problem over a period of time. On top of it, when the area is a part of rain shadow zone, water conservation activities are must. The study demarcates potential sites for water conservation structures. Using GIS and Remote sensing, thematic layers of slope, geology, geomorphology, soil texture, soil erosion, soil depth, stream density, lineament density and LULC have been produced. Using ranking weighted method, the thematic layers were ranked and weighted. The weighted sum gave suitability zones using which, the area with the scope of sites for water conservation structures were located. The area already had a few existing structures and the study added to a few more sites to it. This will contribute in increasing groundwater level thus, more irrigation to agriculture fields leading to well productivity as well as supply the water in areas with water scarcity.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the issue of Academic achievement and its relationship with Collaborative learning among secondary school students. The investigator has taken a sample of 100girls from Government senior secondary school students of 9th grade of Bhiwani district. The study was experimental in nature so random samplingmethod was used. The quasi experimental design has been used for the present study. The design consisted of two groups one experimental and one control group taking as pre-test and post-test measures. Experimental group was taught English grammar through problem-based learningof collaborative Method (PBL)and control group was taught same units of English grammar for the same duration of time through traditional method of teaching (TTM). At the end of the treatment, both groups were compared and it was found that students taught through collaborativelearning method gainedhigh academic achievement comparatively to those students who were taught through traditional method.

Information search behaviour is an integral part of buying decision process. In the present study information search behaviour of budget segment car consumers of Indore, a commercial capital of Madhya Pradesh has been evaluated. To conduct the study 200 budget segment car consumers from Indore city were selected as sample. A simple survey based questionnaire was used to assess information search behaviour of budget segment car consumers. In the present study cars within the price bracket of 4 to 7 lakhs were considered as budget car. Results reveal that 100% respondents have collected information and researched extensively before purchasing a car. It was also observed that maximum percentage i.e. 40% respondents source of information towards their preferred car came from family and friends while 20% respondents obtained relevant information from advertisements on electronic media, 15% from company sales person at showroom and 25% respondents obtained it from reviews and other social electronic media.It was concluded that apart from information obtained from family and friends majority of respondents rely on reviews and other social media as well as advertisement to collect information about a particular car. It may also be concluded that marketing strategists should focus more on advertisements and social media so as to influence buying decisions of budget segment car consumers.

The US-led “Operation Iraqi Freedom” which began on 19 March 2003 to remove Saddam from power, changed the entire history of Iraq.The US invasionwas set to change the status quo of Iraq and it opened the Pandora’s Box of socio-economic and political crises in Iraq. The major objectives claimed by the US while invading Iraq and after were: to remove Saddam from power, to unearth the Iraq’s possession of Weapon of Mass Destruction (WMD), and to establish democratic form of government. While it succeeded in removing the Ba’thist regime of Saddam, but at the same time it failed to find WMD in Iraq. Further, the US is also wary of claiming that Iraq has become a democratic state because today Iraq is far from real democracy. One of the major reasons behind this was that many of Iraqi intellectuals and secular middle class fled the country, who could have played a major role in forming an inclusive government.The case of Iraq in unfolding its political transition and regime change has been very different from other countries.

Entrepreneurship development is inevitable for the economic growth of any country. It leads to rapid industrialization, which is much indeed in a state like Kerala, where the educated unemployment is in severe form. As we know, Kerala is a state in southern India, which has a unique development experience of its own. This state has achieved improvements in indicators of social development, even though the state’s per-capita income is low in comparison to them. This is termed as a paradox to the existing understanding of economic development. In Kerala, the economy is experiencing a substantial shift of employment from the primary sector to the tertiary sector. It is mainly due to the factors like low wage rate which was prevailed in the primary sector, mechanization in agriculture, increasing educational standers of the people, and changing attitude towards employment of the people..etc. From the decade of 1970s onwards, there has been an increase in the labor supply particularly due to the increase in the number of women seeking employment. Though the supply of job seekers increased, the demand for them did not increase, which resulted in rapid rise in unemployment in Kerala. So the present study focused to understand the status of women in Kerala along with initiative taken for women entrepreneurship development.

According to the census 2011, India has 55 million potential workers between the age group of 15 – 35 years in rural areas. At the same time, the world is expected to face a shortage of 57 million workers by 2020. This presents a historic opportunity for India to transform its demographic surplus in to a demographic dividend. The Ministry of rural development implements DDU GKY to drive this national agenda for inclusive growth, by developing skills and productive capacity of the rural youth from poor families. There are several challenges preventing India’s rural poor from competing in the modern market, such as the lack of formal education and marketable skills. DDU GKY bridges this gap by funding training projects benchmarked to global standards, with an emphasis on placement, retention, career progression and foreign placement. So the present paper gives an emphasis on SWOT analysis of DDUGKY in India.

The color removal of raw sugar is important step of sugar manufacturing. In addition to current methods of color removal, our objective is to provide alternative, better and more efficient method for the removal of unwanted color, turbidity and suspended solids. As cationic polymers are used as good decolorizing agents, attempts have been made by grafting laboratory made cationic liquids on certain plant residues such as rice husk, and passing the raw sugar solution through the beds of this grafted rice husk. Rice husk was chemically treated to delignify and then it was stirred with Cationic Imidazole and Pyridine ionic liquids for fixing the ionic liquids to the rice husk. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure the porous structure of rice husk after delignification and after grafting the ionic liquid. The decolorization done by phosphotation followed by the grafted rice husk was around 95%. It was better than an combination with ion exchange which is 90%. The decolorization shown by PAC and GAC is very poor comparativelywhich shows that adsorption process fails to decolorize sugar solutions with a high degree of efficiency. .This treated rice husk was used for the removal of color from raw sugar by varying its concentration from 0.25 to 1 gm in 50 cc of 50 brix solution for 30 min. The maximum color removal was in range of 90 % using only 1 gm of the treated rice husk. During decolorization there was no change in the polarization of melt. As these cationic liquids contain N, CHN (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen) analysis of untreated and treated sugar solutions with grafted rice husk was done to check for cationic liquid leakage and N present in the solution was found to be absent. Thus this method doesn’t involve the use of any direct addition of chemicals to the melt as in traditional methods and is eco-friendly and just involved the use of biomass which is readily available, cheap, and economically attractive.

During the modern period, the police agency is a much needed and essential one for maintaining law and order. To enable the people to lead a peaceful life the well maintained and disciplined police force is an imperative need of the hour. Due to terrorism , violence, political trend , communalism , regionalism etc. The fear of problems and troubles arise. So to avoid such calamitous occurrences police force is of essential need. The same trend prevailed even at the dawn of Indian Independence. The police force was also at the stage of reorganization to suit the needs of the independent Indian situations. The police men had to obey rules and regulations and should maintain discipline and morality. As derived by the common police he had to protect the people by executing the security duties . He had to guard them and their prosperity throughout day. He had to be alert and watchful regarding the movement of anti social elements , wicked and evil minded breakers of law.

Hyderabd -Karnataka have a great history in India.The role Hyderabad-Karnataka is a fentastic against the british rule and Hyderabad Nizam administration.In the during of 1947 August 15 Indian independance movement hyderaba-Karnataka area was under the Nizam of Hyderabad.Some organizations, educational institutions, Womens,Students, Farmers are goes to movements against the Hyderabad Nizam.

Quaid-e-Millath was born in Tirunelveli at Pettai. His original name is Muhammad Ismail Sahib. He was the leader of Indian Muslim League after Independence. He was a great leader, Patriotic, Reformer and Social Worker. He spoke salient features of Madras Legislative Assembly to the people in the year 1946-47. First Session of the Second Legislative Assembly under the Government of India Act, 1935 (5th August, 1946). Debate on Maintenance of Public Order Bill (1st March 1947), Khadi Movement. This message help to know about legislature to them.

The present research paper deals with bibliometric analysis to find out the authorship pattern and citation pattern of articles that appeared in Edusearch Journal – Journal of Educational Research. The study covers issues from the year 2010 to 2013 (4 years) has been carried out. The present study reveals and attempts the various aspects such as year-wise distribution of articles, length of the articles, forms of cited documents.

E-learning is the use of electronic media, educational technology and information and communication technologies in education. E-learning can include training, the delivery of just –in-time information and guidance from experts. E-learning can be done using an internet connection, a network, an intranet or a storage disk. It uses a variety of media like audio, virtual environments to present the learning content and such a learner could gain rich learning experience. E-content is the advancement of technology to design, deliver, select, administer and extend learning. It is a progressive step towards the digital presentation of a subject matter. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate e-content on the topic Reflective journal for Prospective Teachers which is highly useful for the Prospective Teachers.

Education is an active and dynamic process helps in individuals’ all round development throughout life. It is also considered as a process and product as well. Various theories are developing in the field of Education and they are in practice for the betterment of educational process. Constructivism is an example of these theories. The students construct their new concept based on their previous knowledge. Science is the subject where previous basic concepts act as the bricks of developing new concept. Respiration is one of the basic chapters in the subject of life sciences. Students start to learn this chapter from the early years of schooling but because of the abstract nature of content the students feel difficulty in understanding the whole concept and memorize or skip without understanding and develop misconceptions regarding respiration. The undergraduate students of life science branches must have appropriate knowledge of respiration as many other chapters are closely related. In this paper the researchers investigated the undergraduate students’ misconceptions in respiration. Total 30 undergraduate students of B.Sc. first, second and third year were selected as samples by using purposive sampling technique. A self developed questionnaire was administered for collecting data and were analyzed qualitatively. From the investigation, it is found that the undergraduate students of each year having misconception that respiration and breathing are same process. They also have less understanding about Glycolysis process and the functions of the enzymes used for this process.

Violence against women is an international phenomenon. In India, rape, sexual assault, physical and verbal abuse become especially pervasive given their strongly roots in India’s history and societal norms. The issue of violence against women grows increasingly urgent, statistics illustrating that violence against women is on the rise. Between the years of 2001 and 2011, the number of crimes against women has risen an alarming 59%, the number one crime being rape. Women in India have always been issues of concern. The folks and society at large consider women as second class citizens. Though we admire and preach them in the name of Durga, Saraswati, Parvati and Kali, we also abuse her in the form of Childmarriage, Female infanticide, Sati, Sexual harassment, Dowry and so on. The status of women in India has been subject to many great alterations over the past few millenniums. From a largely unknown status in ancient times through the low points of the medieval period, to the promotion of equal rights by many reformers, the history of women in India has been lively. The status of women has varied in different time periods. Savagery against ladies is incompletely an aftereffect of sexual orientation relations that expect men to be better than ladies. Given the subordinate status of ladies, a lot of sexual orientation brutality is viewed as ordinary and appreciates social assent. Appearances of viciousness incorporate physical hostility, for example, blows of shifting power, consumes, endeavored hanging, sexual maltreatment and assault, mental savagery through put-down, mortification, pressure, extortion, monetary or passionate dangers, and command over discourse and activities. In extraordinary, yet not obscure cases, passing is the outcome. These outflows of savagery occur in a man-lady relationship inside the family, state and society. Generally, household animosity towards ladies and young ladies, because of different reasons stay covered up. Social and social variables are interlinked with the improvement and spread of savage conduct.

Aging was a stage of respect in earlier days which has turned into curse due to lack of time and willingness among children to take care of their parents is normal phenomenon in contemporary society in the country. Apart from this challenge in the families, due to self-preferences and lack of compatibility among married couples, children are increasingly becoming victims due to dissolution of marriage, subsequent remarriages and remarriage. The children of re married couple and their compatibility issues complicates sometimes peace of mind in the family.

Underrepresentation of women in business has been a challenge for a very long time; and to solve this issue, Indian government had taken several initiatives to empower women and to encourage women entrepreneurship through several government schemes. Aspiring women entrepreneurs, as well as women entrepreneurs, face many obstacles and constraints related to management & entrepreneurial skills, availability of capital investment, collaterals/guarantee for obtaining loan, lack of family support, lack of risk-bearing attitude and fear of failure. The present research focused on the obstacles faced by women entrepreneurs in the beginning stage of the business as well as in the running stage of the business. This research further investigated and differentiated the major obstacles faced by women entrepreneurs based on the type of enterprise (micro enterprise and small enterprise). SPSS 23 version was used to analyse the primary data of 500 respondents collected through questionnaire/schedule survey method. for the data analysis, factor analysis was performed to identify the major obstacles in the beginning stage as well as in the running stage of the business for micro enterprise and small enterprise and T-test was used to find out the difference between the perception of women entrepreneurs based on the type of enterprise.

Rural entrepreneurship implies emerging of entrepreneurship in rural areas. In other words establishing industries in rural areas refers to rural entrepreneurship. Rural entrepreneurship creates sizeable employment and production of different products. This study has been attempted to check demographic profile of rural entrepreneurs, factors influencing their performance, opportunities to them, and various financing schemes of government. Findings showed that demographic profile plays significant role in the management of finance through itsproper selection. The performance of rural entrepreneurship is highly influenced by finance crises, market problems, personnel issues, operational difficulties, external forces and personal problems. Various factors are responsible for creating opportunity to the operation of business. Government is strongly assisting for the development of rural entrepreneurs. It is concluded that financial institutions and government should support rural entrepreneurs in order to attained balanced development in rural areas.

Due to skimping and changes in the banking sector in India, rural finance is in back foot. Financial exclusion is a global issue in the under developing and developed nations, To keep the smooth drive of the growth at present level, banks needs to serve the financial services to the excluded masses to bring them into the main stream of developmental process. For the successful implementation of an inclusive financial system is the promotion of a policy in a priority basis in the country. The role of Public sector banks, Private sector banks and Post office in Financial Inclusion is inevitable. They will not only benefit in terms of cost effectiveness but will also facilitate transparency, effectiveness and monitoring also. However, it requires continuous improvement and up-gradation and dissemination of various policies to the general public to make it a real success. This research paper is an attempt to analyze the various role of financial models to solve the problem of financial exclusion in the country.

A tribe is a collection of families bearing a common name, speaking a common dialect, occupying or professing to occupy a common territory and is not usually endogamous, though originally it might have been so. A tribe is a group of people in primitive or barbarous stage of development acknowledging the authority of a chief and usually regarding themselves as having a common ancestor.The Indian tribal communities have economic pursuits ranging from hunting to settled agriculture and urban or industrial callings. Tribal communities near or within the forests have to collect a number of commodities such as fruits and vegetables, fuel wood, fodder, timber for construction and repair of houses, medicinal plants and a lot of minor forest produce (MFP) items. Minor forest produce items are obtained without felling the trees. Minor forest produce items are the major avenue of employment and income for the scheduled tribes in certain areas. It is estimated that non-wood forest produce provides employment for 28 to 30 million tribals per year. However, at present due to several restrictions imposed by the state governments on the collection of items of non-wood forest produce and also due to rapid deforestation, the stock of items of non-wood forest produce is much reduced.

Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population and is an important social indicator to measure the extent of prevailing equity between males and females in a society at a given point of time. It may be noted that the sex ratio is expected to be almost at parity in nature. According to experts sex differential in mortality, sex selection out-migration, skewed sex ratio at birth are the major contributory factors that influence changes in sex ratio.

Self-Helf Groups are a small group of individual members who voluntarily come together and form an association for achieving a common objective. In most cases, SHGs are constituted by persons known to one another and coming from the same village community or neighborhood. SHGS area small in size with membership ranging from 10 to 20 and are homegenwous. SHGs have certain pre-groups binding factor. These groups start with saving and not with seeking credit from the group, then uses its savings to extend loans to SHG members to meet their emergency and other attendant needs. The member factor in many parameters to prioritize loans like savings per member, maximum size of loans, guarantee, mechanisms in loan sanctions. The empowerment of women through SHGs would gives benefits not only to individual women also for the family and community as a whole through collective action for the development.

Tourist motivation is a sign to destination selection hence insight on destination choice determinants would go a long way aiding service providers. However application and investigating tourist motivation has been cumbersome job nevertheless for the researchers. Research on tourist motivation has led to development of various topologies and models. It has been widely reported that content tourists tend to convey their positive experience to third persons as well as repeating their visit. The interplay between motivation and revisit intentions is thus the main subject of this research.The present study mainly focuses on the interplay between motivation and revisit intentions. To address the objectives of the study we surveyed a sample of 545 domestic tourists who visited world-famous Kashmir. The findings indicate a significant association between tourist motivations and revisit intentions. Therefore, understanding the motives behind an individual’s purchase behaviour marks the core basis upon which sound market appraisals can be built by the destination marketing organizations.

Financial performance measures the results of a firm’s policies and operation in monetary terms. It is a subjective measure of how well an organisation can use assets for its primary mode of business and generate revenue. Sound financial health/position of a bank and financial Institutions is the guarantee not only to its depositors but is equally significant for the shareholders, employees and whole economy as well. The basic and most crucial form of analysis the financial statement of any concern is concluded from the Income statement and position statement through different financial ratios such as profitability, solvency, activity and liquidity ratio. In this paper the financial efficacy of Exim Bank of India has been evaluated by using certain specific ratios which usually used in banking and financial institutions. From the study of ten year (2008-09 to 2017-18) it is deduced from the analysis that the capital adequacy, asset quality and earning efficiency of the bank is comparatively poor performing in the recent past as far as liquidity position of the bank is favourable among whole period of the study.

In the present Research study on SC/ST and other casts students. Home environment Analytical Study on High school students of Chitradurga and Davangere district, The researcher selected the Govt. Aided and Unaided 24 High schools nearly 600 students were selected for his study.to collect the data he refer the Dr.Karunashankar Mishra Home environment constructed tools are used. Data analysis home environment scores by applying independent t-test, one way ANOVA followed by Tukeys multiple posthoc procedures for analysis tools are used. In this study SC, ST High school students Home environment find is equal. Compare to these two groups the other students home environment is for better and compare to the boys, Girls Home environment is good. And researcher find out that compare to Rural students Home environment of urban students is better. Govt students and Aided students Home environment is good But the Un-aided High School students have more facilities so for better to other groups students. Further the researcher find out that when he compare to Chitradurga district high schools students Home environment and Davangere District Home environment is for better level. These results find out in his study.

Given the fact that India enjoys a Demographic dividend which is expected to last till 2030, it is necessary to examine where we stand as far as developing this dividend is concerned. In spite of the fact that India has a number of advantages in this area, like the youngest population in the world, high market potential, large number of universities, it is necessary to pause and give a thought to what is the status of employment and specially so the employment in higher education.

Marginality is an experience that affects millions of people throughout the world, as well as in our country. People who are marginalized have relatively little control over their lives, and the resources available to them. This results in making them handicapped in accessing benefits from the society and delving contribution to society. A vicious circle is set up whereby there is lack of positive and supportive relationships. They are prevented from participating in local life, which in turn leads to further isolation. This has a tremendous impact on the development of human beings, as well as on society at large. As the objective of development is to create an enabling environment for people to enjoy a productive, healthy, and creative life through education, it is important to address the issue of marginalisation. Development is always broadly conceived in terms of mass participation of people of different sections. Hundreds of millions of children live in slums, many deprived to basic services. Slums are highly unhygienic and disease prone. These areas are also breeding ground for various anti-social activities like crime, theft, burglary and drug-addiction and so on. This leads to different kind of problems in children living in urban slum. Many of these problems are of transient nature and are not even noticed or sometimes neglected or unaccompanied. The most important problem of them is access to Education in General and Higher Education in Specific terms. The problems of access to education faced by slum dwellers are fundamental. There are substantial areas lacking access to education. Urban migration is exacerbating the problem. About 33% of the urban population of developing countries resides in slum. The proportion of students who never entered Higher Education in urban is double that of the rural people. Hence this study aims to find out the problems of the slum students in accessing Higher Education among the marginalised group. Normative survey method was adopted with face to face interaction and Educational Enrolment Senses also taken as secondary data. Cluster sampling method followed for the sampling. The sample population are slum Households, Higher Secondary students, Higher Education Students and NGO’s involving in the slum development. Tools to be used are Observation Schedule, Interview Schedule for slum households, and Questionnaire on Problem to access Higher Education for students of slum, and Awareness Model which is prepared and standardized by the investigator and it is validated by the experts. For data analyses Mixed Method found more appropriate for this study i.e., Qualitative and Quantitative analyses. Hence the competitiveness of the country depends on the productivity of this work force. Thus there is a strong Economic Growth argument, as well as a Social Justice argument and a Human argument, not to neglect education for the urban poor. The result of this survey can be used to understand the Problems of marginalised group with special reference to Slum Dwellers in Accessing the Higher Education.

Government and private insurance companies are facing extensive competition in recent years. All the insurance companies are striving to snatch the market share of one another. In such an cut throat competition, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has become a major strategic approach of the insurance services providers to satisfy and retain consumers.Only service quality and consumer loyalty can play a major role in the long-term success. In order to have competitive advantage, focus of the insurance companies ought to be on the understanding, managing& implementingCRM strategies most effectively and efficiently. This paper will address the issue of CRM strategies especially the impact of consumer retention strategies and personalised approach strategies on consumer loyalty in insurance industry.

The success of an organization depends not merely on its technical efficiency, updated machinery, good plant layout, dynamic organization etc., but also depends upon its human resource. A satisfied, happy and hardworking employee is the biggest asset of any organization, including banks. Workforce of any bank is responsible to a large extent for its productivity and profitability. So, for the success of banking, it is very important to manage human resource effectively and to find whether its employees are satisfied or not. The high level of satisfaction will surely pave the way for improvement in their work which would result in projection of a positive image of the organization. Job satisfaction is very important not only for employees but also for the success of the organization as the dissatisfaction will increase the attrition rate of employees which is nothing but an increased cost. In this highly competitive world, cost reduction plays an important role in the existence of any organization. Hence it becomes necessary that the employees are made to have a high level of job satisfaction.

Public enterprises are conceived as an important instrument for achieving rapid socio economic transformation of our economy. While greater emphasis is laid on the expansion of public enterprises, it is necessary to ensure that public enterprises increase their productivity. It is evident from factors productivity analysis that the Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation in Kumbakonam division was functioning in good position. Average productivity of capital, Average productivity of labour, Marginal productivity of capital, marginal productivity of labour, capital labour ratio show that the Kumbakonam division is having a potential to have good performance in future also.

Jalpaiguri district is mainly a tribal based area18.87% scheduled tribe people out of total number of scheduled tribes of West Bengal exist at present here. The tribal people of the district of Jalpaiguri can be divided broadly into two groups one of which is the early living resident group the Indo-Mongolians like- Mech, Rabha, Garo, Toto etc. and second is tribal settlers they were Santan, Oraon, Munda, Ho etc. Many authors have described the meches differently.They have their own social system and ethnic culture. But their life is changing with time.In my article I have tried to explore the present condition of mech women. Though some development are seen in their present status but the overall condition has not yet been sufficiently improved due to various reasons. I have studied two different type of villages and tried to find out the propor image of their present reality.

The seasonal variation in protein content of fresh water fish Notopterus chitala from Godavari River at Nanded region, Maharashtra state were observed form January 2018 to December 2018.The obtained results showed that protein content was high in the month of July (19.05), the lowest was high in the month of January 16.10 and December 15.07,then there was a slight increase in the protein content in the month of February,March,April,May and June which ranges 16.05,16.15,18.10,18. 10,19.00 tissue respectively. Variation of protein content during different seasons of the year helps. Nutritionists & researchers who are striving to improve the nutritive value, processing & marketing of endangered fish species & in fishing industry.

Pimpri Chichwad area is well developed industries are concerned there is no parallel in the state of Maharashtra. Industrial Township located in this twin town at Bhosari, Chinchwad. Due to increase of IT Industries in Talwade,and ,Hijawadi which lies mostly in the outskirts of the city, the employees of the industry prefer housing complex with basic amenities near their work place itself. Industrial advancement in the mobile phone communication is attracting a wide range of users. This paper states the customer satisfaction towards 4G. Though there are more number of service providers in the market, Airtel is first playing a vital role in attracting a huge number of customers through the advancement towards 4G services. Out of the various network providers Airtel stands first in providing 4G services in India. Pimpari chichwad is an industrial town where almost all the networks are used by the people. Hence the researcher studies about the customer satisfaction towards Airtel 4G services in Industrial Township Pimpari chichwad, Pune Maharashtra

A teacher’s attitude is a very significant feature in improving a student’s love for reading. Wherever possible, opportunities should be given to read for enjoyment in the classroom. This world provides each pupil an excellent opportunity to exploit his need to improve his reading skill. Reading becomes a habit when love to read and read when we have the free time. All educational activities are built upon Interests. Almost whole of life is a long continuous activity in the line of one’s own interest. Whatever one does, he does for some kind of interest in it. An interesting work or activity means a lifeless burden. Thus interest is of great significance in education. One of the major difficulties in any scientific study of a commonly practiced process like reading is the lack of an adequate vocabulary.

Biodiversity, other than its environmental essentialness gives a financial and money related advantage for the nation.Human culture relies upon organic assets, their assorted variety and the biological systems that support them to give fundamental products and ventures. It has been evaluated that in excess of 50 million types of plants, creatures and miniaturized scale living beings are existing on the planet. Out of these, about 1.4 million species have been recognized up until now. Every specie is adjusted to live in explicit condition, from mountain tops to the profundity of oceans, from polar ice tops to tropical downpour woodlands and deserts. This decent variety of life is kept to just around one kilometer thick layer of lithosphere hydrosphere and air which structure biosphere. Decent variety among living beings incorporates both hereditary assorted variety and species decent variety.

In the present study the researcher studied the relationship between academic achievement and achievement motivation of 8th Standard students of KGBV Schools. Researcher selected 14 KGBV Schools as sample and conducted a test on achievement motivation by using the tool developed by Prof. Prathiba Deo and Dr. Asha Mohan (2011). Researcher himself designed a tool on the academic achievement. By using these two tools required data was collected. To analyze the data t-test, one way ANOVA, Karl Pearson Product Moment correlation and Tukeys Multiple posthoc procedure were used. As a result of data analysis there is a positive and significant correlation between academic achievement and achievement motivation. Urban 8th Standard students achievement motivation is better than rural 8th Standard students of KGBV Schools. Urban KGBV students academic achievement is better than Rural KGBV 8th Std. students. As the KGBV School students have low, medium and higher level of achievement motivation students who have low level of achievement Motivation their academic achievement is less students who have medium and high level achievement motivation their academic achievement is good compared to students with low achievement motivation.

With technology prevalentall over the world nowadays,the best initiative that teachers of English have taken up till now is to implement media technology in ELT classroom. It helps in improving the motivation of the learner’s, creates a self-learning environment and also integrates language skills.This study aims at statistically exploring EFL learner’s reaction towards media technology in general and to also explore the impact of the internet and technology and the role of a teacher in improvising the learner’s writing skill.

Healthcare industry will unanimously tell you that health insurance is the best care for the India’s healthcare problems and the recent surge in premium for health insurance policies certainly conforms to that view. In spite of being a loss making proposition for most insurers, for an industry that is only a couple of decades old in India there is certainly a lot of optimism about its future prospects. Though health insurance came to India in the form of Central Government health Insurance Scheme for government employees and the Employees State Insurance Scheme for employees in the private sector.

Education is thought to be the social process accompanied by various social agencies. Many social factors affect it directly and indirectly. Family and home environment affect the education much more than any other factor because the child spend lot of its time with his family members. Parents play a key role in his educational success. They are the role model as well as guide in his life. Many responsibilities depend upon the parents. Here the paper discusses about the main features of parental involvement in the life of children and benefits of the involvement.

A business valuation compares a firms value with its competitors to determine the firms financial worth. There are various business valuation models but Relative valuation model is a very useful and effective tool in valuing an asset, businessman may use relative valuation models for determining whether a companys stock is a good to buy of not.

The objective of the study is to provide the platform to psychoanalytical inventions in the poem of Tagore, “Mother, and Remembering You”. The poem is a travel into the mind of deprived individual’s emotional feelings expressed through linguistic process by creativity. It is a kind of expression which brings down into simple terms to stabilize literary application to the mental health through reading poetry. It is possible only through the reading of Tagore’s poetry. There are various tools used to treat severe abnormalities of the human body. The poem is a direct psychological treatment on the abnormalities that are rooted in the unfulfilment of needs. Thus this paper focuses on the treatment of mind through psychoanalytical mechanism through reading a poem.

For centuries, the artist was thought of someone who holds a mirror up to nature. Informed by the imitation theories the seminal feature of art was based on the principle of representation, which amounted to the objective depiction of the outward appearances of the things or objects or the external world that we inhabit. The authority of imitation theory guided the course of art right from Plato’s concept of mimesis up to the impressionist credo “we paint what we see’. By late nineteenth and early twentieth century, on the one hand satiated with the imitation theory because camera can do better, and on the other hand confronted with the impermanence of the world outside and uncertainty of life in the midst of post-war crisis, artists were wanted to see the world afresh. Artists, seemingly, turned their back towards the objective outside world of appearances and, instead, plunged inwards into the world of subjectivity. Abstraction not only dominated as a general tendency of modernismin the west but also had a discernible presence in other non-western cultures. And whether this presence was received as an influence or impact or inspiration or difference remains to be a matter of contestation that the present paper tries to address.The present paper aims to re-visit the discourse of abstraction in the western modernism and locate its position in the modern art in India.

It is beyond doubt that physical education holds a considerably significant place in our modern educational system. Now-a-days, education of a student is deemed incomplete without proper physical training because such a student has unifacet and unsound personality. That is the reason that special efforts are being made to develop and popularize the physical education along with other factors of education-teaching methods, aim of education, syllabus, text books and education etc. Physical activities are distinct, yet inseparable part of human nature and physical education programmes are organized in our schools with a view of nurturing and developing this basic human nature. Physical Education is rightly recognized as an integral part of education. The existence of man is primarily physical. The first lessons that a human child learns are lessons of physical activity. No education, so ever ideal and exalted in its objectives, is complete without emphasis on motor activities. The human body is a sacred gift of Nature. The growth, development and efficiency largely depends upon the quantity and quality of motor activities it performs.

The concept of human rights incorporates in itself the element of Universality. The notion of human rights becomes meaningless if we fail to apply it to all the human beings on an equal platform. However cultural diversity is challenging the universalism of human rights. The religious fundamentalists and the cultural relativists are rejecting the Universalist theory of human rights by branding them as western values. They see it as the cultural imperialism of the west. On the other hand advocates of the doctrine of universal human rights argue that certain rights are inherent in all the individuals irrespective of their cultural and religious background.

In any work place, conflict must be considered as an unavoidable and inevitable challenge. The effective organisations or institutions accept this fact and take proactive measures to manage it. It is better for an individual or any organisation / institution to research on the causes of conflict beforehand. Knowing the causes of conflicts may reduce the chances and intensity of conflicts. This research is conducted to study the major causes of conflicts in different institutions such as medical colleges, engineering institutes, management institutes, degree colleges & other institutes. This research also analysed the association between Variable (types of institution) and the various causes of conflicts. Factor analysis was performed to identify the major causes of conflicts and chi square test was used to ascertain the association between the dependent and Variables. As a final point it can be said that government and private organizations have conflicts and the attitude of the teachers and management executives is different while handling with prevailing conflicts.

Anisotropic issues are of prevalent significance than the partners and here LALAP is L-Alanine Lalaninium picrate monohydrate precious crystals is utilized to converse to the PL study and observed to be 398 nm of outflow and a,b,c and beta are 8.2691 Å, 7.5135 Å, 15.5266å and 101.15o for the monoclinic idea of the example. The mass other worldly information and CHNSO and AFM, convergence and shaft uprooting of the precious stones are additionally considered for the example and announced, found that LALAP are of NLO of second order and straightforward with yellow hued example is integrated and the PL emanation is because of carbonyl gathering low esteem contrasted.

In India public transportation facilities are very poor and people rely on two wheelers for 50 to 75 KM travel per day. It is a Primary transportation vehicle for entire families. More or less, Indian Two wheeler’s Product design & execution is driven by economy rather than performance and power. India has got presence of strong home-grown players competing against Global majors and very strongly Two Vehicle plays a crucial role in the transportation. Many motor vehicles are competing and producing many numbers of models in order to attract the customers. Though there are a wide range of companies producing motorcycles, studies about the socio economic profile and various reasons for buying . The present study indicates customer expects from Activa two-wheeler and what difficulties the customers are facing while using it. Activa has its own customer brand loyalty . Company designs the business strategies to remain no one position in the automobile market.

Unprecedented growth of market-oriented economy and the consumerist culture of the people is leading to unmanageable waste generation. Till now such a situation is seen in most cities and towns that were characterised as fastest growing economies. But now this problem has creeped into the rural areas. The peripheral areas of cities and towns are bearing the brunt of indiscriminate and unmanageable waste generation. Sanitation and street cleaning is one of the basic functions of a Gram Panchayat. This paper focuses on the role of Gram Panchayats in implementing the Solid Waste Management in the light of Swatchh Bharat Mission.

Disability and post-colonialism are two significant, and interlinked, discourses in the social formation of the nation and of those bodies deemed worthy of social responsibility rights. The aim of the present paper is to examine the ways in which Rushdie depicts physical and mental abnormality in Midnight’s Children. As a literary celebrity and public intellectual with significant influence over the way in which western media frames discussions about the East, Rushdie’s modes of representation deserve critical scrutiny. Midnight’s Children remain in the top of the bestseller lists for weeks after its publication, but it is also credited with inspiring and enabling the success of several other prominent, contemporary South Asian authors. Its success ultimately provided Rushdie with a platform from which to comment on contemporary events, culture, and politics. The present study tries to envisage Rushdie’s politics of representation, reevaluating the early works that made him famous and analyzing his more recent works for comparison as well as to examine Rushdie’s position as a contemporary author and public intellectual.

Present research paper on “A study the effectiveness of ICT in education of Nagpur Division” is intended to investigate the impact of new methodology on UG and PG student’s empowerment. ICT have greatly influenced every dimension of personal and public life. The concept of language laboratory recently evolved in arts faculty. Medical and engineering students also make great use of ICT.

Distance mode of learning is one of the highly acceptable approaches to disseminate knowledge and skills in different professional field including teacher education. Its’ flexible and ‘reach at the job’ nature make it special. This is not to deny that full-fledged infrastructures along with adequate number of competent human resources are requisite to maintain the quality in distance learning. Diploma in Elementary Education was a major intervention in the field of teacher education which chose distance learning mode for providing professional training to untrained teachers. To maintain the quality in this programme, NCTE fixed some measures in the context of availability of physical and human resources at study centers. This study intended to know whether those advices were followed by the planner at the time of establishment of study centers or not. For this study 15 study centers were visited and the coordinators of those selected study centers were interviewed. Along with this, Check list was used to evaluate the presence of recommended resources. Opinions of stakeholders were also incorporated to increase the validity of result. The result revealed that most of the study centers had so many deficiencies while only DIETs (identified study centers) were fulfilled the required resources at some extent. Apart from this all the identified study centers had prescribed number of academic and nonacademic staffs however they had no longer experience of distance learning. Meanwhile most of the study centers faced the shortage of resource persons in second phase of training. Stakeholders were also said about the shortage of necessary resources. So for the betterment of the programme and to maintain the quality it is suggested that planner must be ensured the availability of all the mandatory resources before the commencement of the programme.

With the adoption of new technologies, the entire world has turned into a global village. In the globalised world, technology is one of the key factor and useful tool of social change and progress. Technology performs a vital role in creating new ideas and reducing the barriers among the people of nation. In the recent decade, the term “Digital Divide” has been variously used as well as researched and became an attractive area among the people. The term Digital Divide basically refers the gap between the people who have access the ICTs along with digital services and who do not have access the same. This initiates the exclusion and affects the economic growth of the country. The various initiatives which have been taken by the Government of India for bridging the digital divide are also discussed in this article.

The present study makes a coordinated approach to job satisfaction and organizational commitment therefore, a modest attempt to fill the existing research gap to some extent. No comprehensive study has been made so far covering different dimensions of Job Satisfaction Factors of life insurance Corporation The data collected has to be analyzed in order to show a meaningful relationship between the questions put and the responses received. The total number of respondents taken for the study is 250. The Human Resource Policies, Performance Appraisal System, Employee’s Motivation, Organizational Commitment and satisfaction of the executives and employees shall be analyzed separately.

The term Work Life Balance is sometimes used interchanging with the term Work-Family Balance. However, the later term is very limited in its scope including only the responses of work and family. Job Satisfaction is the most studied variable in organizational research, Job Satisfaction describes how much content employee’s are with their present job. It is defined as ‘a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experiences’. The appraisal involves various elements related to job such as salary, working environment, relationship with colleagues and superiors, career prospects and intrinsic rewards related to one’s job Job Satisfaction refers to one’s feeling towards the job. It is determined by how well the outcomes are meeting ones expectations. Satisfaction results in increased commitment and enthusiasm towards the job. This study evaluate work life balance and job satisfaction of female IT professionals working in IT companies in Mumbai.

The main aim of the research paper is to understand the influence of consumer buying factors internal and external biasing purchase decisions connected with measurement of consumers satisfaction. Consumption expenditures are with determination subdivided according to the classification made by the Statistical office of the European communities. Purchaser Buying Behavior items alludes to the purchasing conduct of a definitive customer conduct. Numerous variables, specificities and character impact the person in what he is and the purchaser in his basic leadership process, shopping propensities, obtaining conduct, social conduct individual mentalities, the brands he purchases or the retailers he goes. A buy choice is the aftereffect of every single item one of these components. An individual and a shopper conduct is driven by his way of life, his subculture, his social class, his enrollment gatherings, his family, his identity, his mental elements his salary, and so on. Whats more, is an affected by social patterns just as his social and societal condition. Customer conduct is the conduct of definite purchaser. The buyer purchasing conduct choice procedure is impacted by numerous inward and outer components think about. A buy choice is the result of every one of these variables inner and outside. The present paper centers around main considerations impacting buyer purchasing conduct fulfillments. This perplexing purchaser purchasing conduct does, hence, require a basic examination by the specialists in each alcove and corner of the world. In India, a great deal of studies have been attempted by different specialists on changed items in fits and begins.

The hypothetical construct, probabilistic orientation was coined by Narayanan, a psychologist in 1977. It consists of seven factors viz., unbounded expectancy, sensing unlimited possibilities, insight into bias, healthy skepticism, unconditional acceptance, appreciation of chance and awareness of probability. Probabilistic Orientation refers to the relatively long enduring personality disposition of an individual to have an openness of perception that enables him to be aware of the predetermined harmony of nature and accept occurrence of every event as a natural outcome of the random order inherent in stochastic unflodment of the nature. In short, it focuses on the random nature of events and represents the phenomenological style of life of an individual.

There are several factors which influence the Buying Behavior of the Consumer. They are grouped under 5 categories. They are 1.economic 2.personal 3.cultural 4.sociall 5.psychological. Again, all these are sub grouped. Under Psychological factors, Motivation Perception, Learning/Experience, Beliefs, Traits and attitudes are included. Reference Groups, Family, Roles and statuses are included under Social factors. Culture, Sub Culture and Social Class comes under Cultural factors. Age and Life, Cycle Stage, Occupation, Life Style, Personality, Self-Concept are grouped under Personal factors. Personal Income, Family Income, Income Expectations, Consumer Credit, Liquid Assets of the Consumer, Savings comes under Economic Factors.

Education is a necessary element of human life. But from early ages, due to gender discrimination, women are less preferred to get even basic education for the survival. With respect to India, women are always considered to remain in home and confine themselves to do household chores and take care of family and children. Though this thinking of people is changing with the development of society, still gender discrimination prevails in many parts of India. Specifically, in rural India, women are still remaining backward. They are unable to get proper education because people think that spending money on the education of women is waste. And adding to it, if women belong to SC category, imparting education is no more than a dream in rural India. Thus, reservation has become necessity for women education, especially for women belonging to SC category in rural India. With reservation, women can get a bundle of benefits, right from paying low fees to getting good remuneration. The study undertaken deals with the importance of providing reservation to the rural women belonging to SC category. This will be helpful for the academicians as well as the officials associated with education department in India.

With the revamping enhancement of every field of knowledge it has also been a need to train teachers towards humane and reflective attitude to continue the virtuous effects in the rapid advancements and innovations in education. The practice of humane reflective teaching is not only to come to the level of children, solve their problems, being sensitive towards their social, cultural, emotional, physical and educational development but a metacognition to be critically reflective to their own professional practices and constructively responsive to the students’ needs and problems through selfobservation and self-evaluation. It inculcates the awareness of the beliefs and values they bring to teaching by acknowledging the demand of students, take part in curricular development, involvement in the productive changing efforts of school and being responsible enough for their own professional proficiency through maintaining diary, peer observation, students’ feedback, recordings etc. Therefore, a teacher needs to be humane and reflective towards his/her profession for excellent output, which is possible only when they are trained so. Hence, the teacher education programme should have all the practical, content, contextual, pedagogical, personal and reflective features to formulate student-teachers’ behavior quality oriented towards humane and reflective practices. Thus, this research paper is an attempt to analyze the concept of Humane Reflective Teacher, their characteristics, needs and productive suggestions in the light of teacher education for excellent consequences.

Every human being engaged in work and only work for satisfying his basic needs and esteem needs and for his survive I Observed work culture of banking industry very closely. I am compelled to write down my observation in this article about work life balance in banking sector. With every passing year, the work pressure in Indian banking industry is increasing manifold and as a result. Work-life balance in the life of bank personnel has become an area of concern. It is evident from several studies that bank employees undergo a lot of stress, depression and frustration during their career. One very important reason behind this is an over competitive work culture, over indulgence in work and not giving adequate time to family and personal life goals. In this article work life imbalance in banking sector and steps to bring to gather for betterment of concerning human employee as human for building human capital gets job satisfaction of employees and success in life is narrate.

The disadvantaged position of women in society has always been asserted by some philosophical interpretation. Women’s inferior status has been construed based on the argument that both men and women are essentially different and this contrast determines the lower status of the female sex. Whether western or eastern, philosophers and their teachings have most often been antagonistic to ‘the second sex’. Confucianism proved to be one such constraining religious doctrine for women. As inspired by the teachings of Confucius, Chinese men discussed gender in terms of yin and yang: women were yin i.e. soft and submissive whereas men were yang, who were tough and dominating. This conceptualization of differences between men and women naturalised the gender roles and the artificially created social relations. This paper attempts to examine how the Chinese-American writer Lisa See successfully draws the picture of imperial China and the oppressed state of women there. See not only endeavours a realistic portrayal of the sorrowful history of women but also tries to bring forth the mysterious realms of female friendships and their resistance to the imperious men around them.

Financial inclusion of all the sections of the society has been a challenge for the Indian government. Policy decisions regarding financial inclusion are focused on inclusive growth and the principle of equity. Achieving comprehensive financial inclusion goal is not an easily accessible destination due to complexities and heterogeneity of the Indian population. Financial institutions including commercial banks are the major support of the overall financial inclusion vision in India. Commercial banks play an essential role in the economic development and financial inclusion and simultaneously focused on how to enhance their future financial status. Still, a large section of the Indian population, especially the weaker sections, and low-income groups, do not have access to the most basic facilities and services provided by the commercial banks in Uttar Pradesh, India. The present research study addressed the issue and identified the most important problems & challenges faced by commercial banks in practising financial inclusion from consumers as well as bankers’ perspectives. A survey was conducted on 500 consumers of commercial banks and 100 bank officials. The impact of Socio-Economic Reasons, Bank related Reasons & Service Process related Reasons ((independent variables)) on the Satisfaction Level (dependent variable)was also analysed. For the analysis of the data, IBM SPSS Statistics 23 version software was used to perform Frequency Analysis, factor analysis and Multiple linear regression analysis.

The present study was intended to explain the interpersonal intelligence of higher secondary students in Kanyakumari district. It aimed to find the level of interpersonal intelligence and the influence of gender, locale and educational qualification of father on it. The study used normative survey method. Interpersonal intelligence scale was used to conduct the study. The data were collected from the sample of 400 class XI higher secondary students from 12 different schools in Kanyakumari. The findings of the study revealed that most of the students possessed medium level of interpersonal intelligence and also the gender variation and the variation in educational qualification of father had a influence on their interpersonal intelligence.

Commerce education is highly famous career choice in India and it develops students and makes them to use available scarce resources rationally and it is highly skill oriented. More than half of under graduate students have moderate level of problems in learning commerce. Significant association exits among profile of under graduate students and problems faced by them in learning commerce. Problems in learning commerce and academic performance of under graduate students are negatively, moderately and significantly correlated. To solve the problems of under graduate students in learning commerce, colleges should teach effective learning methods to them and make them to access supportive learning materials through library and online sources. Besides, colleges should give sufficient scholarships or assistance to financially poor under graduate students and family must support and show adequate interest on their studies.

In An Antique Land, Amitav Ghosh shows how history can be enriched by imaginative reconstruction without damage being done to historical fact. The narrative deals mainly with Bomma, a low-class Indian, bought by a Jewish merchant who comes to India in 1130 AD and lives in Mangalore for seventeen years, before returning to Egypt. This turns into a travelogue when Ghosh recounts how he came across a reference to Bomma, when be gone to England to do research in social anthropology. He actually goes to Egypt to investigate the matter, and he records his encounter with Egyptians, which generate much humour, arising mainly out of cultural misunderstanding. The narrative moves back and forth from India to Egypt and from twelfth to the twentieth century. It is much more than a historical novel. Syam S. Agarwalla deals in detail with Ghosh’s art of characterization in the book In An Antique Land. Towards the end of his article, he traces incidents of compassionate humour in the Article.

An attempt was made to study the organizational climate and job satisfaction of A.P. model school teachers. Survey method was conducted on a stratified random sample of 310 A.P. model school teachers. Self-made Organizational Climate Scale and Job Satisfaction Scale by Dr. Meera Dixit were used for data collection. Data was analyzed using r-value. Finding indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction of A.P. model school teachers. Results also showed that there is a positive significant relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction of A.P. model school male teachers, age group, marital status and subject teaching and there is no significant relationship between organizational climate and job satisfaction of A.P. model school female teachers.

In this article, an attempt has been made to explore the theme of perpetual quest for identity in Samuel Selvon’s novel “A Brighter Sun.” Identity is regarded as never fixed or constant, especially, in the postcolonial Caribbean society. It is fluid and constantly in the process of evolving with the passage of time (Stuart Hall, 110). Similarly, Tiger, the young protagonist of “A Brighter Sun” goes in search of prosperity, awareness and to top it all establish his identity in the society. He leaves Chaguanas, and suburban Barataria at the age of 16 along with his child bride, Urmilla. He begins his journey of life very early with meagre resources like a cow, a mud hut and 200 dollars. In the beginning of the novel, Tiger is naive, illiterate and innocent. He represents the Caribbean man, who is a victim of colonization, rather than a creator of history. Selvon portrays Tiger as overcoming all the obstacles that come his way and taking challenges head-on with the help of awareness, knowledge, wisdom and experience. He also depicts the West Indian man in the form of Tiger as a brighter sun, who eventually goes on to achieve a lot and thereby establishes his identity as an enlightened and humble person. In “A Brighter Sun”, Selvon want s to give a new identity to Tiger, who represents the Caribbean man, through the process of Creolization. Creolization is the amalgamation of many cultures and traditions and it is also regarded as ‘new ethnicity.’ Selvon himself admits : “I was creolized from an early age, which is a good thing, in my opinion as a mixing of tradition makes for a more harmonious world.” (Michel Fabre, “Critical Perspectives on Samuel Selvon”, 70) Tiger finally reaches a stage, where he looks forward to politically independent and racially integrated Trinidad. He establishes his identity through masculinity, self education, knowledge and wisdom.

Several pieces of research have proved that the relational effects and outcomes of service quality have a positive and significant impact on consumer satisfaction, consumer retention, consumer loyalty and consumer advocacy. The present research analysed the impact of seven relational outcome constructs on the consumer satisfaction and found that Consumer education, Physical evidence, Emotional intelligence, Social competence and Product policy, have significant and direct impact on overall consumer satisfaction The other relational outcome constructs, personalized relationship between individual customer and service employee, consumer retention and consumer loyalty have important direct effect on overall consumer satisfaction, and these three outcomes also have a direct effect on consumer advocacy. Hence, it was concluded that service quality, consumer satisfaction and consumer loyalty are positively correlated and have a significant and positive impact on consumer advocacy. The research was conducted on 300 consumers of the insurance industry.

Development of educational technology emphasizes the change in traditional methods of teaching. Effectiveness of any system depends upon the quality of product. In classroom teaching, one of the important measures of product is realization of objectives. Similarly, individualization instructions, selfpaced learning are the demands of modern education. The main objective of this study was to prepare a self learning material in the subject of Information and Communication Technology at M. Ed. level on the topic of operating systems and to study the effectiveness of self-learning material. The sample comprised of about 50 M. Ed. students. The single group pre-test and post-test research design was adopted in the present study. A teacher made achievement test was the tool to judge the performance of the M. Ed. students. ‘t’ value was used for measuring effectiveness of the self-learning material. Self-learning material was prepared step-wise, i.e. (1) Need assessment of the students. (2) Selection of the topic. (3) Content analysis (4) Framing the objectives (5) Making introduction (6) Explanation of teaching points. (7) Summary (8) New terms or concepts (9) Assignments (10) References for detail reading. (11) Preparation of booklet. (12) Evaluation of booklet. (13) Finalization of booklet. As a result at learning throughout the use of self-learning material the student was scored significantly higher (at the 0.01 level) in the post-test as compared to the pre-test.

Education is a conducive process which develops children individuality in its entire aspects physical, mental, emotional and social. Education largely suffers from the gap between its content and living experiences of the learners. Judge Jury techniques in economics are a central one among the present scenario of economics education. In almost all the impact of modern trends and technique is seen. Even economics education cannot stay away from them. The need and significance of economics education with regard to judge jury technique may be increase the higher order thinking among students. It attains high involvement of teachers in the recent development. The Judge Jury technique enhances the quality of teachers, helps in professional growth among the economics teachers. This discourse enhances the job and ability of students in participating the controversial issues in the social, economic and political field. This can be done only through class involvement and group activities such as panel discussion, debates etc.

Women have been drawn into direct economic role as wage earners in factories, construction sites, homes and even in farms. Women are employed as cheap substitute manual labour where the situation is pitted heavily against women workers and in favour of their employers. Women work in a situation which is sometimes not bearable but they are forced to do their job for the better life style. Unfortunately they are illiterate and unaware about social status and reluctant to protest against the misconduct or prevailing situation at the workplace. The unorganized sector is most vulnerable, ignored and diverse and women workers in unorganized sector constitute a sizable number. Therefore, this paper identifies economic condition and problems faced by women construction workers in the selected study area of Chennai City.

Increasingly, computer technology has been and is becoming more powerful tool in all over the world for changing the strategies of teaching and learning in classrooms since its introduction in education in the 1960s and 70s. This has been necessitated by the conceptions of techno-reformers (Papert, 1980) that computer technology can revolutionalise the educational landscape. Nowadays, computer technology (e.g., the Internet, iPad, MOOCS, 3Ds, blackboard, MOODLE, etc.) has become a common tool in many schools and institutions in both developing and developed countries; and are being used to teach all subject areas (Khorrami-Arani, 2001) in different modes including distance teaching and regular teaching. The intention is that computer technology can enhance classroom teaching for development of 21st century competencies. Home is the first and the most significant place for the child’s inclusive growth and development. It provides not only the hereditary transmission of basic potentials for the development of the child, but also the favorable environment in terms of interpersonal relationship and cultural pattern. The present study was explored to find out the computer self efficacy and home environment among higher secondary students. Survey method was conducted on a random sample of 1000 higher secondary school students. Data was analyzed using F-ratio. Results found that there is significant difference in computer self efficacy and home environment of higher secondary students based on type of management.

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, plays an important role in normal development and homeostasis of adult tissues. Apoptosis has also been linked to many disease states, including cancer. One of the biochemical hallmarks of apoptosis is the generation of free 3-hydroxyl termini on DNA via cleavage of chromatin into single and multiple oligonuleosome-length fragments. The TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay exploits this biochemical hallmark by labeling the exposed termini of DNA, thereby enabling visualization of nuclei containing fragmented DNA. This article outlines a conventional method for in situ TUNEL staining of cultured cells and tissue sections which is highly effective in analysing PCD in broad range of test sections.

The Folk song of the Bodos is being discussed hereby. There are many folk songs in the Bodo community. The songs are mostly related to the life of the people. Through the song a tribe’s work style, food habits, sorrows and happiness, thinking pattern, rebukes, jokes, religion, and cultural attics are showcased. The songs are composed by the people living in the villages. The main source of livelihood of the Bodos is agriculture. Along with the natural environment: birds, woods and forest, mountain, rivers and streams, season’s festive moments and surrounding everyday’s lifestyle, the songs are sung and celebrated. The songs are musical, soothing to the ears and endowed with enchanting melody. Through the songs a community’s character and face value is showcase and it strengthens a community in the long run to be alive. Therefore in order to develop the Bodo folk songs it has been analysed hereby.

Urbanization is the process of change and its consequences, when a society gets transformed from an agrarian economy to an industrial economy and from a small homogeneous society to a large heterogeneous society. Indian urbanization has proceeded as it has elsewhere in the world as a part and product of economic change. Along with the urbanization slums also expands and it becomes an integral part of the today’s urban world. As about 32 percent of the world’s total urban population live in slums; some 43 percent of the urban population of all developing regions combined live in slums; and about 78 percent of the urban population in the least developed countries live in slums, while only 6 percent of the urban population in developed regions live in slum-like conditions. In this paper, the scenario of slums and problems related to it in the state of Uttar Pradesh and specifically two metro cities of the state that is Agra and Varanasi with the help of primary survey data along with Census of India, 2011 data and MLE India Baseline and Endline (Measurement, Learning and Evaluation (MLE)) data sets, is being taken into account. The chapter is organised in the following way, firstly a comparison is being made between the two cities along with the state of Uttar Pradesh.

This article endeavours to study the attempt made by Samuel Selvon to portray the theme of homecoming in his novel Turn Again Tiger. The theme of homecoming or tracing the roots is one of the important themes in the postcolonial Caribbean literature. In Turn Again Tiger, Selvon highlights Tiger’s need to reconcile himself with his peasant roots in order to understand his present situation. This novel begins with Tiger in dilemma, both attracted and disgusted to his unpleasant past i.e., the experience of Cane, where his Caribbean community has shed lot of sweat, blood and tears. Tiger, eventually, returns to his peasant roots which is completely opposed to the stand taken by him in A Brighter Sun, which is a sequel to Turn Again Tiger. Trinidad is t he background of the story of Tiger who returns to the canefields of Five Rivers to help his father to manage an experimental cane project, keeping aside his experience, knowledge and wisdom acquired in Barataria. He even sacrificed his political ambitions to return to his roots in order to confront his past and also to set right the equation. He, in fact, wants to challenge the persisting ghost of colonialism, which is the root cause of all the evils that plague his Caribbean society. By working along with other cane workers, Tiger comes to understand his own current position and the world around him in a better way.

Digital technologies, such as Internet and mobile technologies have made entire industries transform and create new ways of operating and organizing firms. There are strong motives for implementing these rapidly evolving technologies, such as to reduce costs and improve customer relationships, but for small and medium-sized companies that often have limited resources, digitalization can be challenging. The main objective of the study is Factors influencing digital entrepreneurs in Kanyakumari district. The major findings of the study are the factors influencing the digital entrepreneurs in Kanyakumari district, Social Media Marketing with the mean score 118.5 ranked I and Other Entrepreneurs (mean score 60.5) ranked VI. The factors affecting the digital entrepreneurs in Kanyakumari district, Lack of Education contributed first place and other Factors (6) is contributed sixth place.

The paper ascertains the weakness of conventional banking and explores the customer awareness, use outline, satisfaction and preference for E-banking. The internet Banking plays an important role in people’s the daily lives, and it should be considered as a service channel that provides and sustains the service quality. The major problem today before the financial institutions/banks, more particularly the public sector bank in Delhi which was prior functioning in a sheltered regime after nationalization is their long-run survival, tapping quality customer and forging the way ahead by retaining their valued customer. The main purpose of this paper is to find out the influence of factors relating to the service quality on customer satisfaction and to examine the relationship between the effect of the internet banking services, customer satisfaction, and customer quality in Delhi. Also, the finding of this paper can be used as guidelines to improve the quality of the online banking system.

This paper attempts to analyses history of Second Anglo Mysore war in Vellore District to what extent the narrative is limited in its chronicles, especially through the establishment of monuments for Anglo Mysore war Monuments connected with Tipu Sultan’sfamily in the Vellore District. Further, this paper strives to revisit some of these narratives to bring out the part of history. This paper is divided into three parts: the first section contextualizes the historical background and chain of events and its importance in the history, especially Vellore district; section two analyses the various monuments established and records created by the British colonial authorities about Second Anglo Mysore war and Places connected with Tipu sultan’s family in Vellore and the third section deals with the counter or neglected narratives of Second Anglo Mysore war in the Vellore District and the conclusion in the end of the same section.

This paper was conducted to analyse the reach and strategies of new media by the government for the rural development. Study was focused on new media reach and accessibility of rural residents near the capital region of Bihar. Methods of the study were taken survey, in-depth interview and analysis of dissemination of information on new media. Survey was conducted among the villager, in-depth interview was taken of an officer of Information & Public Relation Department of Bihar and analysis of Facebook pages was done. Findings indicate that new media can play a vital role in rural development, but there are many factors responsible for restricting the rural residents from getting the benefits of these new media platforms. Government is running various new media campaigns to aware the people of the rural community about the use of new media for their development, but they are prevented from using these platforms because of the infrastructure of internet, ease of use and the prevailing stigma of insecurity. The paper illustrates that new media can be a major tool of development in rural areas, yet it needs to be used with the sense of responsibility and carefulness.

Agriculture is the largest source of employment in India, and food accounts for about half of consumer expenditures. A good marketing system is one, where the farmer is assured of a fair price for his produce and this can occur only when the following conditions are obtained. The number of mediators between the farmer and the consumer should be small; the rancher has legitimate putting away pleasantries with the goal that he isnt constrained to enjoy trouble deals, In this exploration paper agrarian promoting framework is a connection between the homestead and the non-ranch parts. It incorporates the relationship of agrarian crude materials supply to preparing enterprises, the assessment of interest for homestead sources of info and crude materials, and the strategy identifying with the showcasing of ranch items and data sources. The some challenges in domestic agricultural marketing in India. Variation in Market Charges, Neglect of Rural Markets, Absence of a Common Trade Language, Controls Under Essential Commodities Act, Lack of infrastructure like storage, transportation, telecommunication, quality control, packaging, price risk management, addition of spot markets with commodity exchanges. In this research paper focuses on various opportunities of agricultural marketing.

The main aim of the study was to compare selected coordinative abilities among male hockey and football players. To achieve the purpose of this study eighteen male hockey players and eighteen male football players from those who have represented Annamalai University in the south zone inter university tournaments in the year 2018-19. Their age ranged between 18 and 25 years. The coordinative abilities namely kinesthetic differentiation ability of upper limbs, complex reaction ability and dynamic balancing ability were selected as comparison variables. For this static group comparison design was used. The correlated‘t’ ratio was used to compare the University hockey and football players. At all-time the level of confidence was fixed at .05 level which was considered as appropriate. The result proved that the kinesthetic differentiation ability of upper limbs were better for university football players as compared with university hockey players. Further, the results shows that the complex reaction ability and dynamic balancing ability are better for hockey players.

Provincial advertising incorporate a cluster of procedures that encase creating, valuing, advancing, circulating country explicit item and administration which fulfills the shopper request and furthermore accomplishes hierarchical destinations obviously from the objective market. There are different difficulties that obstruct the advancement of rustic market. Advertisers face various issues like physical conveyance, coordinations, no appropriate and powerful deals compel and no compelling showcasing correspondence when they go into the matter of rustic markets. Store facilitiesare another serious issue in country regions, as there you will seldom get any sorted out office to take care of the capacity issue. Concerning issues of physical distribution of merchandise, the advertisers may have stockiest/clearing-cum-sending (C&F) specialists at vital area for encourage the physical assignment of products for its items in the country showcase. Indian provincial market has a tremendous interest base and size. Country advertising includes the way toward creating, advancing, circulating rustic region explicit items and administration trade among provincial and urban market which fulfills client request and furthermore accomplishes authoritative objectives. Watchwords:

Ananta-Vasudeva Temple is one of the ancient temples in Temple city Bhubaneswar, now the state capital of Orissa. It is situated on the north Bank of Bindu Sarobar lake in the old town of the city , in between the famous the Mukteswar and the Lingaraj Temple. As the Anantasayi Vishnu or Vasudeva is sitting inside the name of the temple become Ananta-Vasudeva Temple.

India is a land of diversified Religions, Culture, Languages and Customs. Many religions have their roots in India from the time of its known history. India was never a mono religious or mono cultural country but rather it has always been a multi religious and multi cultural country from ancient times. India is a Secular State and it can only be the way for development in plural society like India. However, the Word Secular has not been defined under any law of the Country. Therefore, it creates a sense of confusion among the people. The Indian courts have come to the rescue of this problem. The Present Paper deals with concept, history and its place in the Constitution of India. The Present Paper also analyses the different judgments given by the Indian Courts over the Secularism. This Paper gives the overview of secularism with respect to Indian Constitution.

An Indian, no more and Indian, but whose Indian consciousness has been moving in search of a new meaning, a new thought about history of Africa in relation to history of Indian communities, in Africa bringing it a parallel to the life of an Indian India. There is a different perspective to see and analyze the Naipauls novels to disprove the general assumption that he hates India. It is an attempt of tracing India in his writing which can be seen only through the analysis. His intention in writing his novels is not to write about the colour discrimination or the racial disparity or on the nature of expatriate, being himself expatriate. But it is to write about the re-discovery of the historical structure which provides the basement for the new social-structures.

Leadership is the ability to positively influence the attitudes and behaviour of other individuals and channalise and direct their energy to achieve a specific goal. A leader has to deal with individuals having different traditional and cultural backgrounds, typical mindsets, different beliefs and values, different educational backgrounds, different levels of Intelligence quotient (IQ) and different levels of Emotional Intelligence (EI) or Emotional Quotient (EQ). All the organisations or institutions face the issue of interpersonal conflicts due to human interaction dominated service industry. Conflicts among individuals are bound to happen; hence the role of a leader becomes more significant. The present research work studied the relationship between types of leadership styles and conflict management competence and grievance handling techniques. The abovementioned research was conducted on the 762 respondents (602 teachers and 160 management officials) in the educational institutions. It was found that there was a positive relationship between the democratic style of leadership and conflict management competence and grievance handling techniques and there was a negative correlation between conflict management competence and grievance handling techniques.

Any Organization may be successful only upon the effectiveness of its leaders. But all leaders may not have the same type of efficiency, which greatly depends upon their leadership qualities. These qualities are highly dependent upon the personality traits of the leader. Personality traits are the innate qualities or characteristics of individuals which differ from person to person. Therefore an attempt has been made in this study to know the extent of influence that personality has over the leadership qualities of individuals. The study has been done with the help of conducting some analytical tests to know whether there is any relationship between leadership qualilties and personality traits of individuals.

The concept of empowerment is defined as the process by which women take control and ownership of their choices. The core elements of empowerment have been defined as agency (the ability to define one’s goals and act upon them), awareness of gendered power structures, self-esteem, and selfconfidence (Kabeer, 2001). Empowerment can take place at a hierarchy of different levels – individual, household, community and societal and is facilitated by providing encouraging factors (e.g. exposure to new activities, which can build capacities) and removing inhibiting factors (e.g. lack of resources and skills). In this connection various factors like economic status, social awareness, leadership quality and micro finance etc., play an effective role for promoting women empowerment through Self Help Groups (SHGs).

Online advertising is the means of promoting a product on the Internet using various Internet features. With the arrival of the Internet, the business world has become digitalized, and people prefer to buy stuff online, which is easier and faster. Online advertising, otherwise known as e-advertising, gives a new dimension and unique charm to the product, which is an added advantage. The primary benefit of online advertising over traditional form of advertising is that it surpasses all geographical boundaries, which cannot be gained locally. This leads to great progress in business, which is the ultimate aim of any businessman. Online advertising offers a wide spectrum of recognition, which is incomparable to any other mode of advertising. Online advertising has no time limitations and can be viewed day and night throughout the globe. It also reduces the transaction cost and contributes to the profit of the company and is secure in competition against international marketing.

Impact of globalization on the conditions of poor, peasants in India in recent times have been drastically changes not only in the socio economic conditions but also it created awareness and significant technological changes in the agricultural production by the latest methods and means of production practices. What type of changes have been occurred in their living conditions have been analyzed in detail by the researcher by the proposed research to be taken in the selected area ie., Tiruchirappalli District of Tamilnadu. The researcher tries to bring out and portray the real conditions among their living pattern not to be dealt in detail. The liberalisation for Indian economy was adopted by India in 1991. Facing a cruel economic calamity, India move toward the IMF for a loan, and the IMF granted what is called a ‘structural adjustment’ loan, which is a loan by means of some conditions affixed which are related to a structural change in the economy. The government steered in a new era of economic reforms based on these conditions. Globalisation has different aspects. Duncan (2000) defines globalisation as the process of closer economic integration between countries in terms of trade in goods and services, in investment, in the free movement of labour, in the adoption of common currencies, and in joint international action on crossborder issues such as pollution. World Bank (2000) summarises globalisation as the global circulation of goods, services and capital, information, ideas and people.

During the last 30 years the access of personal computers has increased all over the world. Along with the Internet an opportunity has emerged; the possibility to make purchases online, which is called Electronic commerce (E-commerce). Rapidly increased web users and highly speed internet connection, and some new technology also have been developed and used for web developing, those lead the firms to promote and enhance images of product and services through web site. Therefore, detailed product information and improved service attracts more and more people changed their consumer behaviour from the traditional mode to more rely on the online shopping.

Antony’s character is built in the play involving the historical events and the incidents. Those events are interpreted in the play that deals with the Roman history. Antony’s character becomes a myth because Shakespeare has been creating the character of Antony not only as the representative of history but also as the representative of certain individual and political values. He becomes not a person but an archetype of honour and love. This paper intends to clear ‘What is historical is turned into a historical’. Myth can be established when some of the historical events repeatedly occur. History teaches the new philosophy of life showing where in man had committed errors in the past.

Woman constitute almost half of the total population of country but opportunity of their rising is determined by the male dominated society, they are living in. But it is not limited to India, in fact Women Empowerment and women Equality with men is a global issue. The widespread discrimination and eploitation of women evoke the need for empowerment of women, In spite of constitutional gurantees, implementation of law, initiatives of social reformers, efforts by the government by different schemes and programmes, UNO’s directives, the equal status of women in world wide is not achieved the desired goals. Specially in some countries, girls fighting against poverty, wars, child marriages, gender discrimination to go to school and health services. UNDP Gender Equality Strategy 2018-2021 says that Gender equality is a fundamental human right and nescessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. However, gender enequality remains one of the most pervasive forms of discrimination in all development settings. While gender inequality affact anyone, impeding global progress towards achieving sustainable development, it is women who face the most discrimination. UNDP report shows a large numbers of Global gender gaps between labour force participation, Gender pay gape, proportion of day time spent on unpaid care work, seats in parliaments, agreeculture land holders etc. Report also says that 35% women subjected to physical/sexual violence. This situation gives an encouragement to present writer to analyse the actual position of women and problems amoung the facts and figures and also to find out the measure for woman upliftment. Hence an attempt is made to depict the present scenerio of women empowerment. Empowerment of women is indefeasibily the process upliftment of economic, social, political status of women. Women empowerment is all about giving women power and control of their lives that they may achieve anything they want and to do what they want in situations where they were not allowed once upon a time. It refers to make an enviroment for women where they can have decision making power for their own for personal and for the sorrounding and society as well as. Women empowerment is a thought and action against Gender Discrimination.

Towards the end of the twentieth century, many of the nations have been liberated. One of the consequences of colonization is the multiculturalism. The commonwealth is the collection of ethnic communities. The multiculturalism has gained a significant support in the contemporary literary productions. They are held together by common bond of collective consciousness. This paper intends to say how Chinua Achebe deals with the ways of rejecting the inherited tradition and seeking the closeness to the colonial cultural patterns. The defined culture of the tradition had been shifted with the advent of Christianity, one was natural and the other was structured. U.R. Anantha Murthy deals with the theme of preserving the defined tradition but only exposing its weakness. It is also the exposition of human nature which tries to come out of moral binding. He provides a ground for the conflict between moral and immoral constructs of human life.

Abul Fazl, the court historian of Akbar (author of Akbar-namah) was one of the greatest historians of medieval India. He was not only an exalted and trusted courtier, but also a friend, adviser, minister, diplomat and military commander of Akbar. It is divided into 3 parts. The first volume of this gigantic work contains the history of the reign of Babar to Humayun. Second volume is devoted to the detailed history of nearly 46 years of the reign of Akbar. The third and the concluding volume known as Ain-i-Akbari is an administrative report. It provides a complete picture of different provinces of the Mughal empire during the time of Akbar. An attempt has been made in this paper to present the picture of Orissa as gleaned in the Akbar-namah

Training makes an employee perfect for the organization. Employees’ need training to efficiently accomplish their jobs in the organization. The human resource manager is responsible to provide sufficient and relevant training to the employees before assigning tasks. So, this paper attempts to explore the relationship between training and employee performance of NationLink Telecom Inc. in Somalia. Training does not operate in the vacuum. It needs budget, time, place, technology and so on. Therefore, this paper also attempts to explore the challenges facing the employees and organization while conducting training program and suggest some measures to overcome the challenges and make the training program successfully so that it can help to enhance the performance of employees.

Man soon exposed innumerable modes and means of satisfying appetitive needs. Regrettably, aided by balanced faculty, man continued to endeavor and adopts diverse modes of experience. Social and environmental problems have attracted the attention of a wide cross section of people all over the world during the last two decades. People are becoming increasingly wide awake of a variety of tribulations likeglobal warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain, famine, droughts, flood, scarcity of fuel, firewood, fodder, pollution of air, and water problems from dangerous chemicals and radiation. India like most other countries is fast losing its accepted resources reserves to the getting bigger strain of an ever-increasing general public and economic growth.

Biodiversity (Animal, Plants and Microorganisms) have multidimensional role in the sustainable development of ecosystem. Human is the dominant factor of ecosystem as he can alter anything according to his interest. Most of the anthropogenic activities related to development disturbed the biodiversity all over the world in large extent. There are many reasons of biodiversity loss but anthropogenic activities are at first rank. Habitat destruction, agricultural expansion at the banks of river and lakes, sand extraction, unplanned tourism, deforestation, construction of roads and rail lines through forests, fast expansion in industrial areas are some of the prominent anthropogenic activities responsible for biodiversity loss.

Dealing with values and ethical problems is recognised as integral a part of teachers’ roles. particularly in culturally heterogeneous societies academics face multiple values that students and their families might hold. The study according during this paper explores completely different conceptions of academics’ ethical roles attending to develop Associate in Nursing instrument for assessing teacher beliefs regarding those roles that might be employed in teacher development. Paternalist, liberal and socialrelativist conceptions of academics’ ethical roles were operationalised mistreatment knowledge collected in 3 focus teams with teachers from Karnataka, Andrapradesh and Madyapradesh of India. Initial things for construction of a form for academics were generated from teachers’ utterances to confirm ecological validity. Implications for teacher development and future analysis square measure mentioned.

Values which are so important for an individual and which provide the key to a more adequate understanding of man in society needs investigation. One can easily understand the individuals if one is aware of their values. Values shape most of the man’s activities. It helps the individuals in having interest in one or some of the professions. The professions that an individual selects for himself are guided by his values. The knowledge of value, provides major clues to a person’s professional choice. Each profession lays more emphasis on some or other values, e.g., the profession of businessmen needs the persons having strong “economic” or “utilitarian values”, the social-workers’ profession, lay emphasis on high ‘social values’, the priests, require religious and ‘humanitarian values’. Painters and Artists are characterized by high ‘aesthetic value’, and the scientists are much interested in ‘theoretical. Thus, it can be seen that every profession has its own type of values or value pattern. This view holds good with the teaching profession also.

Values which are so important for an individual and which provide the key to a more adequate understanding of man in society needs investigation. One can easily understand the individuals if one is aware of their values. Values shape most of the man’s activities. It helps the individuals in having interest in one or some of the professions. The professions that an individual selects for himself are guided by his values. The knowledge of value, provides major clues to a person’s professional choice. Each profession lays more emphasis on some or other values, e.g., the profession of businessmen needs the persons having strong “economic” or “utilitarian values”, the social-workers’ profession, lay emphasis on high ‘social values’, the priests, require religious and ‘humanitarian values’. Painters and Artists are characterized by high ‘aesthetic value’, and the scientists are much interested in ‘theoretical. Thus, it can be seen that every profession has its own type of values or value pattern. This view holds good with the teaching profession also.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays an extraordinary and growing role in global business. It can provide an organization, new markets and marketing channels, cheaper production facilities, access to new technology, product skills and financing. It reduce the gap between farm price and retail prices and give best management practices from all over the world, it makes markets intelligent and also provide good understanding and practical knowledge to domestic retailers. To achieve expected growth in GDP: India is targeting for its GDP to grow by 8 to 10 per cent per year. This requires raising the rate of investment as well as generating demand for the increased goods and services produced. FDI can provide an aid to Indian agriculture to become lowest cost source of farm produce and bring trade balance and to increase liquidity by the way of foreign exchange reserves.

From the intuitive point of view a connected space is a topological space which consists of a single piece. This property is perhaps the simplest which a topological space may have, and yet it is one of the most analysis and geometry. In this paper we introduce different type of connected space in topological space, Examples, theorems are present.

Social science is an important component of the social system and plays a key role in society. Over the past decades, there has been a dramatic increase in social issues in the system. Despite its importance and efficacy, social science effects from several drawbacks. One of the most significant current discussions in social science with social consciousness and social science was neglected. Several studies have proved the importance of social science. This paper seeks to address the following the questions: Social Science was neglected, Development without Social development, Social Science and Constraints, Society and Social media. And this paper first gives a brief overview of Social Science.

This review article focuses on the study of the net primary productivity of the freshwater macrophytes which has become necessary to assess the functioning as well as dynamics of the aquatic bodies.

Eugene O Neill "Different" is an excellent dramatic illustration of the tragic infra-psychic struggle of its heroine Emma Crosby. The inner disparity of the character denies a happy life outside and becomes the fundamental cause in shaping her destiny. The play reveals the tragic consequences of Emmas attempt to go beyond her natural horizons and of basing her life on false ideals and illusions.

The detection of formation of breast tumour in the early stage can be made available by application of microwave technology. The technique presented is easy to understand and cost effective, having no any side effect. The dielectric property of alienated part is changed due to hydration. The back scattering of ultra wide band wave increases appreciably which makes possible early stage breast tumour detection. Breast phantoms and tumours may be created by varying the dielectric permittivity of materials used in software. Findings are presented using the simulated results obtained.

Purpose- The purpose of the study is to assess job satisfaction of teacher- educators Design/Methodology- 53 teacher educators have been selected using simple random sampling method.. By questionnaire method, data has been collected Finding-It is found that teachers are highly satisfied towards different infrastructure of the institutes in Tripura It is also found that demographic and socio economic factors are not playing significant role for job satisfaction.

During the modern period, the police agency is a much needed and essential one for maintaining law and order. To enable the people to lead a peaceful life the well maintained and disciplined police force is an imperative need of the hour. Due to terrorism, violence, political trend , communalism , regionalism etc. The fear of problems and troubles arise. So to avoid such calamitous occurrences police force is of essential need. The same trend prevailed even at the dawn of Indian Independence. The police force was also at the stage of reorganization to suit the needs of the independent Indian situations. The police men had to obey rules and regulations and should maintain discipline and morality. As derived by the common police he had to protect the people by executing the security duties. He had to guard them and their prosperity throughout day. He had to be alert and watchful regarding the movement of anti social elements , wicked and evil minded breakers of law

In any business organization changing consumer create a big challenge in the process of its sustainable growth. For the developing country like India, there is an urgent need to formulate and implement successful strategies about the study of consumer behavior. Because ever changing consumer behavior pose an obstacle in the growth of the business. Consumer behavior is very complex and unpredictable in many ways.

This review present the synthesis of polyester based on vegetable oils using natural fibres. Vegetable oil is freely obtainable and inexpensive. It can be chemically improved to yield useful composites and economical. It is used as an ingredient or component in various manufactured products.Polyesterwere prepared from vegetable oil, fumaric acid and phthalic anhydride. The polyesterwere characterised by spectral studies such as FT-IR, NMR, TGA, DTA, DSC, SEM analysis and mechanical properties.

Organisations can’t be shaped in the best possible manner, without their employees playing a major role in the process. For them to play this role as change-makers effectively, they need to possess certain qualities. At the same time, employees need to be empowered by their organisations in a manner that would make it easy for them to slip into this role.

Grammaticalization theory is concerned with the genesis and development of grammatical forms and it’s a part of language change. It consists in the increase of the range of a morpheme advancing from a lexical to a grammatical or from a less grammatical to a more grammatical status. It is an unidirectional historical process.Body part terms are used in Bodo to encode sequential, spatial and idiomatic meaning. There usage is not much extensive and only a few body parts terms are used. There is however, an extra usage in Bodo, that of certain kinship terms.

In the present era, women empowerment has become the core need as women contribute approximately 50% of the population in the state of Chhattisgarh. Empowerment of women is a driving force that accelerates the economic growth of a nation. Women empowerment is a multi-dimensional approach as it provides the social, economic, and cultural safeguard to the women.Thousands of people living below the poverty line are trying to build their life and continuously improving their living standards in Chhattisgarh state through a magical tool popularly known as Self Help Groups. SHG ensures a considerable role in promoting self-employment, infrastructural development, and technological support and communication level of member women.The main aim of this paper is to check the impact of SHG’s in socio economic development of rural women of Chhattisgarh state.

Happiness is the thing for which all of us strive for. It is the ultimate goal of our lives. Assessing our happiness can lead to knowing about the factors influencing happiness. This study is aimed at construction of a standardized tool to assess happiness in Hindi language. The sample for this study included 300 college students from Hisar district of Haryana. Mean age of participants was 21.78 with S.D 3.37.A pool of 37 items was prepared and administered to 300 students along with Oxford happiness questionnaire. The final questionnaire prepared has 8 items with 3 factors. Reliability and validity of the scale are satisfactory. Factor structure was confirmed and validated by confirmatory factor analysis. Construct validity of the scale was also established.

The doyen of English literature, Wole Soyinka is the most celebrated and prolific writer of the African literary scene, the first debut author to be blessed with the highest award for literary eminence - the Nobel Prize for his contribution to the realization of cultural events that promote understanding and exchange between peoples. Having grown up in an atmosphere of indigenous Yoruba religion and Christianity, Soyinka was influenced by both cultures which are visible in his works. A Yoruba by birth, Soyinka has mastered the English language so creatively in his plays. English language occupies the central place of Linguistic expressiveness, the deployment of verbal act as an artistic response to the written word. For Soyinka the use of English language dwells more on the validity of the perfection of a voice, rather than of a tongue. For him language becomes an ‘art’ of expression, a tool that approximates a word or a state of being or creativity for its own sake. So Soyinka believes that his communication as an artist takes place through the use of language. Language therefore is not a barrier to the profound universality of music but a cohesive dimension and clarification of independent art-form which we label music. Soyinka re-interprets classical and Yoruba mythology and attests to the fact that he is aware of both the primordial and modernist poetic potentials of mythic lore available in African continent. Hence this paper attempts to discuss about Soyinka’s creative use of English language to project the ethos of native Africans.

The automobile industry is one of the core industries in India economy, whose prospect is deep of the economic flexibility of the economy. With the liberalization of the economy, India has become the playground of major global automobile majors. The automobile industry in India is steadily developing to replicate those of developed countries. The qualitative analysis of the various trends reveals, that the industry offers huge scope even for allied industries and those looking at investing in the auto industry. A total sample size was fixed at 250. The major findings of the study that.