Harold Pinter (1930-2008) was a remarkable poet-playwright of the post-war era. In the words of Billington, Pinter's official biographer, "Pinter was the most influential provocative and poetic dramatist of his generation". For Contemporary society, the World War II brought despair and rootless life to be lived. The dehumanization overwhelmingly was executed in the society in the post-war period. The present paper attempts to interpret Pinter’s War Poetry in the light of war activities executed by America.

Intelligence, as a field of study in psychology and education has been studied enormously. However, its vast scope and untapped dimensions has led the experts to go through another concept namely, Spiritual Intelligence. This paper proposes the essence of Spiritual Intelligence along with the components of its curriculum required in our classrooms. The methods to be implied are also discussed in purview of the research carried out in the field of Intelligence; particularly Spiritual Intelligence. A holistic model of spiritual education is described in which deep personal growth is viewed as the core process of not only spiritual education, but also of general education at its finest.

William Golding's Lord of the Flies (1954) is the most remarkable novel of the 20th century because it transcends all the trivia produced in its times and emerges as the most significant and valuable critique of human civilization. Golding makes his children enact a miniscule World War on an uninhabited island to demonstrate that neither religion nor rational humanism could save the world from the fury and madness of the war raged between totalitarian and democratic powers of the world.

For God in His wisdom made it impossible to know Him by means of their own wisdom” (Corinthians). Christian Yoga Sadhana is a spiritual awareness of oneself that he (man) is a sinner and a spiritual awareness that God is holy, holy, holy and between the two there is a big gulf and to cross this, sinner trusting in Christ, the crucified and resurrected, and by following the word of God in the Bible can achieve the blessed refuge of God. The goal of Christian Yoga Sadhana is not to develop or attain some spiritual power to perform miracles or to get physically fit or slim.

In the treatment of various diseases of humans and animals, the medicinal plants were used from the ancient times and it is an efficient source to treat the diseases (Farnsworth 1985). Even in the modern era the use of medicinal plants is increased and the research is still continuing on it. These plants are the source of food, vitamins and trace element needed for the human health. The medicinal plants have been used in the treatment of different diseases by the ancient civilizations, Egyptian, Chinese and even Greek and Roman (Aftab and Sial 1999). The indigenous knowledge about the medicinal plants is gathered by many local people from various regions of Pakistan (Tareen et al. 2002; Durrani et al. 2003; Durrani and Manzoor 2006; Manzoor et al. 2013).

The effect of roasting in reducing anti-nutritional factors (ANF), in legume grains (pigeon pea (PP), cowpea (CoP) and soybean (SB) as source of proteins for growing rabbits was evaluated. Flemish Giant (FG), California Black (CB) and New Zealand White (NZW)) were fed soybean (Glycine max), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) as protein sources in the ration. Eighteen rabbits weaned at six weeks of age were used for each breed (a total of 54 rabbits) out of which six of them were assigned to Ration 1 (containing 31.6 % soybean), six rabbits to ration 2 (containing 72 % cowpea) and the last six to Ration 3 (containing 70.18 % pigeon pea).

The study deals with the impact of various types of intervention programmes in relation to change and develop the attendance as well as performance of tribal girls. In order to reduce dropout rate to increase the present attendance and performance of the tribal girls’ suitable activities are designed to extend intervention to the selected sample. It was a single pre-test, post-test design with 35 numbers of students of upper primary school. The effectiveness of the strategic intervention plan was examined and it was found that the activities exerted positive impact of the learner so far as attendance and performance of tribal girls which was taken in to consideration. Thus the researchers reached the conclusion that suitable strategic intervention can help the learner to increase their not only attendance but also performance of the tribal girls in a qualitative and positive manner.

This paper presents an analysis of data collected on the topic of politeness in personal electronic mail messages. The electronic environment may have an impact on communication, and this consequently influences the way people adapt to each other’s face during the interaction process. The researcher is interested in the language used by the e-mailers in their initial and follow up contacts with known individuals, such as their friends, families, and colleagues. In other words, we are interested in if and how these texts incorporate politeness features, positive and negative, in their language and what reasons are standing behind increasing or decreasing them.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the upper secondary schools’ resources on organization climate. In this study, PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) 2009 data were used, and the analyses were made upon the views of 150 school principals who were taken into Turkey sample. According to the dimensions of school resources, multiple regression analysis was used. When investigating the effect of school resources on organization climate; the four dimensions which were equipment resources, teacher resources, other personal resources and all resources were evaluated. In conclusion, according to the dimensions of school resources: equipment resources accounted 30 %, teacher resources accounted 31 %, other personal resources accounted 9 %, and all resources accounted 46 % of the total variance in organization climate.

Inequality is obvious throughout the history. Wide spread of globalization and effective use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) changed the picture of modern society. Digital resources are playing a gigantic role in the present Knowledge Society. But there is wide disparity in terms of access to the digital technology. In one hand we have very skilled human resource which is making use of digital resources effectively; on the other hand we have group of people those who don’t have skill and access to the digital technology. Information, its access, dissemination and control, is at the core of this revolutionary phase of human development and as a result, economic and social structures and relations are being transformed in the contemporary phase of human development In 21st century’s knowledge society, digital resources dividing human society in to two groups called ‘Digital Haves’ and ‘Digital Have Not’s.

Monetary policy is proven, theoretically and empirically, to influence economy of a country through various channels. A successful implementation of the monetary policy requires understanding well its transmission process. One of the most studied mechanisms of monetary policy is the interest rate channel, according to which any changes in the policy rate is expected to be reflected in other short- and long-run interest rates, which ultimately will have an effect on aggregate demand and prices. Therefore, a successful monetary policy depends on the velocity and magnitude of pass-through of a change in policy rate to interest rates of interbank, primary market and especially to those of retail market.

Although D. H. Lawrence is hailed as one of the most accomplished short story writers in English Literature, his short stories stay in the background, and it is not possible to come across with academic studies dealing with his short stories. Taking this fact into consideration, this paper will focus on Lawrence’s “Odour of Chrysanthemums” in which Lawrence presents an authentic and vivid picture of early 20th century life in a mining district. In this context, some concepts like alienation that miners run through, poverty, industrialism’s disturbance of natural order, victimization of the working class and disintegration of family will be analyzed through precise examples from the story. Then, Lawrence’s stance in the story will be unearthed within a Marxist perspective. At this point, Terry Eagleton’s critical ideas and Karl Marx’s alienation theory will be benefited.

South Asia emanates from the great Indian sub-continent and comprises India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Bhutan, Nepal and Afghanistan, who have deep rooted connection through a shared history and culture. The experience of sharing a history and culture that is common, yet utterly personal, makes the literature of the region unique and provides the South Asians a common basis for understanding their position in the contemporary world. Critics of South Asian Literature mostly focus on religion, region and nationality within South Asia, but my concern in the present lecture moves beyond this.

The United States is the only country in the world where it is customary for law students to decide whether law professors’ articles should be published in academic journals.1 This curious custom puts students in the position of serving as gatekeepers for the professional lives of the faculty because an important part of whether professors are hired, promoted, and tenured depends upon their record of scholarship—the number of articles they have published in these student-edited law journals.

The quality of institutions is assessed in three ways: First, the quality of government-political rights, corruption, public sector efficiency, regulation of monopolies; Second, the legal protection of private property, and Third, the limitations of the political elite.

Tagore, Derozio, Aurobindo, Naidu, Kamala Das, Ezekiel, Daruwalla, Jayant Mahapatra and Arbind Kumar Choudhary have remained the golden stars in their respective ages in Indian English poetry. His Arbindonean racy style has become more and more popular amidst the poets, the critics and the researchers across the creative groves in India and abroad. Arbind Kumar Choudhary, who has been popularly honoured with a number of literary nicknames ---Indian Keats, phrasal king, quatrain king , Indian Spenser, Poets’ poet, editor of the editors, champion of the champions, bard, mythical Samrat, poet of the soul, poet of the paupers, Indian sonneteer and various others, transcends many a rhetors with Arbindonean essence all around the corner.

Human Resource management is concerned on how the people should work as effectively as possible for the organisation, and that one of the ways in which the organisation attempts to achieve this is by using an appropriate system of payment to encourage and reward them. The payment system that is adopted must be in line and support the key elements of the organisation’s strategic plan.

For wind energy forecasting a number of techniques are available. Some of the latest physical based model techniques are computational learning system such as artificial neural networks (ANN), particle swam optimization (PSO) and vector support machines (VSM). On the other hand, statistical models are easy to model and cheaper to develop, compared to other models. In statistical models, we use past history of wind data to forecast the present over next few days. In this research article, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is used to forecast wind speed for next few days. ARIMA is a well-known time series statistical model. This model has shown good forecasting results. Wind energy forecasting plays a key role to address the challenges in wind energy as the wind energy is used for electric power generation.

The title of E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India is a reference to Walt Whitman's poem, "A Passage to India." In the poem, Whitman takes his reader on an imaginary journey through time and space. India is presented as a fabled land that inspired Columbus to seek a westward route from Europe to India, a route that ended up with his discovery of the Americas.

This paper reports on an investigation of people’s attitudes towards English (and Chinese for secondary purpose) in Hong Kong in relation to their motivation to learn the language and awareness of their ethnic identity. 220 people aged 21 or above answered a 30-item Language Attitudes Questionnaire. Analyses of the data reveal that the participants held somewhat positive attitudes towards English, were motivated to learn the language, and valued their association with English-speaking culture and people, meanwhile considering Chinese language superior to English.

The aim of the present study was to determine the ratio of cigarette smoking in the Fazal Kally Union Council Koaz Bahram Dehri, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Pakistan. This research was carried out in September 2013. The observational study was designed. The local population of Fazal Kally was interviewed by the use of design and standard questionnaire. In this research different factors like, age, marital status, educational status, types of family, occupation and socioeconomic condition were determined. A total of 27 participants were included in this study. From the present study it has been found that 55.56% of the population of Fazal Kally are smoke cigarette. From this study it has been concluded that 59.26% population of the said area is uneducated.

Arbind Kumar Choudhary, the originator of Arbindonean racy style and Arbindonean sonnets in Indian English literature has been popularly known with a number of literary nick-names such as Indian Keats , Indian sonneteer, Poets’ poet, bard, Quatrain King, Phrasal King, Proverbial Samrat, Mythical Messiah, Editor of the Editors, Poet of the Paupers , Poet of the Soul, Guardian Angel, Innovative poet and several others in the popular psyche of the creative milieu in India and abroad. He has been awarded not only by International Poets Academy, Chennai, International Poetry Society, Bareilly and International Writers and Artists Association, USA and International Translation and Research Centre, China with Life Time Achievement Award , and Honorary member of IWAA, and the editor of India and the Best editor in the year 2009 , 2011, 2012 and 2012 respectively but also enlisted as an editorial or advisory boards in a number of literary journals –Poetcrit, IJML , IJELL , VOK, Mandakini, Spectrum and several others in India

Son preference over daughters is very common in India, China, South Korea, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Middle East. Paper discusses in details about the forcing factors for son preference in India. The major objective of the paper is to discuss how social norms, cultural values, perceived economic utility of sons over daughters, religious rituals, dowry, kinship system, gender discriminated labour market and less employment opportunities for women force parents to prefer sons over daughters. Sons are considered as life-long economic assets to the family while daughters are supposed as life-long economic liabilities. Paper concludes that as long as parents follow their deep rooted socio-cultural and religious customs, there will be a strong preference for sons and neglect of daughters.

The growing younger population in India, unless modeled in a productive asset, is likely to get involved in the springs that Tunisia, Egypt, Arab World and recently Bangladesh faced. The GDP growth targets in India for improving the country’s stature in the world lacks inclusive growth, especially the Rural and Tribal Population, which is dependent on the agriculture, based on the erratic weather. The agricultural GDP contribution and GDP/ Capita compares lower than Industrial and Service Sector, which further worsens the Agricultural Work force comparatively.

Tagore, Derozio, Aurobindo, Naidu, Kamala Das, Ezekiel, Daruwalla, Jayant Mahapatra and Arbind Kumar Choudhary have remained the golden stars in their respective ages in Indian English poetry. His Arbindonean racy style has become more and more popular amidst the poets, the critics and the researchers across the creative groves in India and abroad. Arbind Kumar Choudhary, who has been popularly honoured with a number of literary nicknames ---Indian Keats, phrasal king, quatrain king , Indian Spenser, Poets’ poet, editor of the editors, champion of the champions, bard, mythical Samrat, poet of the soul, poet of the paupers, Indian sonneteer and various others, transcends many a rhetors with Arbindonean essence all around the corner.

Visual impairment change the way of obtaining information about the world in which they grow and function. In order to compensate the effect of vision loss children with visual impairment need to learn acquiring knowledge in alternative ways. That’s why, in addition to their regular classroom studies, visually challenged children need to learn specialized skills. In this research study, we try to focus on the fulfillments of special educational needs or, expanded core curriculum in inclusive and exclusive settings of students with visual impairment. These special educational needs are taken as Functional Academic Skills, Orientation and Mobility, Social interaction Skills, Independent Living Skills, Recreation and Leisure Skills, Career Education, Technology and Visual Efficiency Skills in this particular research study. Moreover, results show that the effect of inclusive and exclusive settings are equal but somehow inclusive school becomes the right choice in present days

The survey was carried out randomly to get information and documentation of underground, fruit and leafy vegetables of selected areas of Frontier Regions of Bannu, during 2013. A total of 26 plants belonging to 11 families were collected which are used as vegetables in the Frontier regions of District Bannu and some grow in wild habitats and majority are cultivated. These 26 vegetable plants species are widely used for the treatment of a variety of diseases by the local communities. The documentation contains Botanical names of plants, family names local names, parts used and medicinal uses.

To provide a uniform and continuous map of interested sites interpolation methods are used. The spatial interpolation is one of the techniques, to investigate un-sampled regions. This paper presents a comparative study of the Inverse distance weighting and residual kriging methods for estimation of the monthly mean wind potential in Sindh, Pakistan, with an objective to estimate the average wind speed of an un-sampled area. Moreover, the performance of these spatial interpolation methods is evaluated by cross-validation methods. Monthly average dataset includes 4 years (2002–2005) of data supplied by Pakistan Meteorology department

The financial system in general and the banking system in particular have their clear influence on the good (or bad) health of an economy. The importance of banks in the economy inducts a major interest from public authorities. Although the role of banks has undergone several changes, banking remains the basis for all financial mechanisms. The monetary and supervisory authorities have long sought the path leading to the imposition of constraints in the banking business in the context of formulating the safety and soundness of the banking system. Indeed, with the collapse of the German Herstatt Bank in 1974, and the quick propagation of the financial crises that followed showed clearly the need of an international coordination and regulation system.

Though Stephen Dedalus grows up in a male dominated world, his consciousness and destiny are shaped largely by some memorable female characters from the real, fictional, spiritual and sensual worlds. Depicted solely from Stephen’s subjective point of view, they appear more like projections of his egotistical imagination. In the novel, the image of the matriarch extends to three mother figures – Stephen’s biological mother Mary Dedalus, his ecclesiastical mother the Catholic Church and his political mother Ireland. As the story begins to unfold through the consciousness of Stephen, one realizes that the matriarchal censure and threat that Stephen experiences very early in his life metamorphoses into his fascination for the image of female beauty in his adolescence.