In the present rapid advances in information technology, greater pressure has been placed on academic libraries and teaching faculty to incorporate information literacy skills into their function. Although these skills have been taught for decades, the principles and concepts of information literacy have taken newly as they are increasingly seen as essential. This article argues that to reach the goals of creating a generation of truly information-literate students, academic librarians need to perform the leadership role. With their multidisciplinary understanding of technology and information management, in addition to their deep understanding of the issues and commitment to the cause, librarians are at a distinct advantage. A discussion of best practices, followed by many case studies of institutions where libraries have developed very different and innovative approaches to reach faculty and students, and an evaluation of the literature on information literacy have demonstrated why libraries are uniquely situated to ensuring that the critical thinking and evaluative skills of students are developed and become an integral part of their learning environment. It is therefore not possible for academic librarians to ignore Information Literacy.

The present study investigates the significance of spousal support in moderating economic and psychological effects of involuntary job loss. We purposively interrogated ten couples in which husbands had lost their jobs by using interview guide. Findings revealed that families faced serious economic problems and they adopted certain strategies to cope with the situation. The study pointed economic crisis as a major reason for the psychological problems however gender differences were evident regarding behavioral changes like anger and irritation as these traits were more reported by the males. Nonetheless women were found more resilient and tried to support husbands in this situation by providing emotional support, reducing expenses and avoiding conflicts. We found that husbands acknowledged the wives’ emotional and material support but were reluctant to openly appreciate it because of cultural reasons. In addition, support, from other social networks such as friends and relatives, was not as effective as that of wives.

John Keats’s “La Belle Dame Sans Merci” revolves around a controversial encounter, which arouses an anxiety in its central figure. Anxiety, in this poem, pertains to a loss. And the loss that underpins the verse relates to masculinity, and male solidarity as its guarantor/protector. The anxiety of such a loss is cried out after an encounter with the femme fatale figure, who highlights in the poem the fragility of the masculine identity and solidarity. And although there is only one instance of dream mentioned in it, this study argues that ‘dream’ reigns throughout the poem. Therefore, the poem literally functions as a dream-narrative for the male figure, whose anxiety is revealed through it. If the whole narrative rests upon a dream, then what the ‘dream’ stands for becomes a matter of question in this reading of the poem. Given that the initial inquiring person and the femme fatal may just be the self-induced visions of the knight, the meaning of dream needs to be further explored. If this is a self-produced narration on a dream-encounter, what does this encounter with the femme fatale signify? How can one explain the anxiety and distress she invokes in the knight? And why does he appear almost like a victim of a trauma, surviving the aftermath of a ‘traumatic’ experience? This paper seeks answers to these questions by reading Keats’s poem through a particular perspective that addresses such issues.

Trauma fiction is now known as a literary genre. Literary texts on traumatic experience share many techniques and means of representattion of trauma that are considered to be characteristic to the genre of trauma fiction. The article describes some of the most common techniques and means of representation of trauma and tries to discuss whether Vladas Kalvaitis, a Lithuanian poet and writer, uses them in his novel Sustiprinto režimo barakas (2011) to convey traumatic experience in Siberia successfully. The paper comes to a conclusion that thematically Sustiprinto režimo barakas by Vladas Kalvaitis could be seen as a trauma novel. However, the author almost does not employ the literary techniques that are very common in trauma fiction. Probably the author wants to show that the narrator has overcome his trauma, since he tells his story about the events that took place fifty years ago. However, sometimes it seems that not everything is told. In other words, there are gaps in the content of the novel that make the reader wonder whether the narrator has actually come to terms with his traumatic past and is able to speak about it. The inability to speak about traumatic past is typical to trauma narratives.

Sarojini Naidu (1879-1949) was the pioneer poetess who is recognized for her remarkable contribution in the arena of Indian English poetry. She was one of the poets who belonged to the pre- independence era. She had mastered the language of the colonizers and used it brilliantly to write poetry goaded with sophisticated style and perfection. Thematic concerns of Sarojini Naidu’s poetry are treated with the Romantic hue. One of the powerful themes in Naidu’s poetry was Death. Naidu wrote remarkable lyrics on the theme of Death depicting Death as the Ultimate Truth. Naidu’s poems on the theme of Death are powerful assertions. The proposed paper focuses on the poems of Sarojini Naidu written on the theme of Death.

The aim of this study was to evaluate one month of fasting and exercise on blood sugar, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL of trained Muslim men. Methods: In this study, 24 healthy young trained men randomly were selected in two groups, experimental (n = 12, age 25/42±2/35) and control (n = 12, age 26/45±3/01). Blood samples were taken two times before the start of fasting and after 4 weeks of Ramadan fasting. The Jogging program for the experimental group was three times a week for four weeks. The dependent and independent t-test was used for evaluation. Results: Results showed that blood sugar levels in the experimental and control group after fasting have faced a decrease due to the fasting but there was more decreased level of sugar in the experimental group than in the control group due to Jogging. The results also showed that one month of fasting and Jogging could decrease triglyceride levels in experimental group in comparison with the control group. Also results indicate significant increase in the levels of HDL in the experimental group as compared with the control group and a greatest reduction on blood LDL in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion: It seems that the metabolic response to exercise and fasting during Ramadan has a strongly positive effect on the blood sugar and on TG, LDL, HDL.

Sisterhood and reciprocal female friendship have emerged as the interesting and culturally significant metaphors in African American literary discourse. These themes are seen reflected in the works of Tony Morrison, Alice Walker, Gloria Naylor and other African American women writers. It is possible to explore the cultural, political and the psychological significance of such women centered networks which stabilize to certain degree the lives and community. This paper examines Gloria Naylor’s The Women of Brewster Place to see the link between sisterhood and healing as conceived....

Among the many references and allusions to biblical characters and figures, Emily Dickinson selects a representative group of individuals who stand out in the divinely established system of values, morals, and relationships as recorded in the Bible. This representative group includes characters especially from the Old Testament. They all provide Dickinson with examples, illustrations, or embodiments of artistic, mental, intellectual, or spiritual concerns. They are examples of faith and obedience to God through their lives. Among the biblical characters referred to in Dickinson’s poems, Noah is the oldest in history, apart from Adam. Just like Noah in his great ark, the speaker of the poem is “sending all the Birds away – / And moving into Pod” (l. 4). It is for sure that after so many days in the ark Noah had grown anxious about what would happen. Had God forgotten about him? Since he must have had such thoughts in his mind, he sent his dove out to search for dry land. To ponder trial, Dickinson revisits the character of Abraham. God had sent trials before, and Abraham had proved obedient and faithful. Now it was time for the great trial, to produce the great grace, and the great man, and to reveal the great God. Moses is the next milestone of the quest of the poet for spiritual significance. In his case, the speaker joins in the disappointment of not getting what one has dreamed of and worked for, for a long time. Another fascinating figure that comes up in her poems is Elijah. Maybe she liked Elijah because he never experienced physical death, according to Scriptural accounts. He was carried bodily to heaven in “chariot of fire” pulled by “horses of fire”. Dickinson liked this idea of not dying. Even if she had to die, it had to be in majestic way, similar to Elijah’s transport. A final Old Testament figure to embody spiritual concerns and crises is David. The bravery and success of this young man becomes the motive for a poem in the nineteenth century in Amherst. Dickinson finds not only inspiration in this account but also a person to compare her strength, bravery and achievement with. All in all, these characters seem to supply Dickinson with substantial nectar for the making of the crux of spiritual experience.

The plant growth and development is greatly influenced by ethylene. In this study the role of cobalt chloride was assessed on callus induction, in vitro shoot regeneration and number of shoot primordial in three cultivars of tomato using hypocotyls and leaf discs as explants sources. The highest callogenesis was recorded using hypocotyls and the efficient in vitro shoot regeneration was recorded using leaf discs in all the tested genotypes. The highest callogenesis was recorded in cv. Rio Grande on callus induction medium (CIM) supplemented with CoCl2 (5.5 mg/l), IAA (2.0 mg/l) and BAP (2.5 mg/l) followed by cv. Roma whose best calli induction (73.66%) was obtained on CIM supplemented with CoCl2 (4.5 mg/l), IAA (1.0 mg/l) and BAP (2.5 mg/l). In case of cv. Moneymaker the efficient callogenesis was secured on CIM having CoCl2 (3.5 mg/l), NAA (2.0 mg/l) and BAP (2.0 mg/l). The highest in vitro shoot regeneration (85%, 81% and 78%) was achieved in Rio Grande, Moneymaker and Roma, respectively on shoot induction media supplemented with CoCl2 (4.25 – 5.0 mg/l). The maximum mean number of multiple shoots per explants (7.00) were recorded on MS media supplemented with IAA – ZEA – BAP (0.1 - 1.0 - 2.0) (mg/l) along with CoCl2 (5.0 mg/l) in Roma followed by Rio Grande (6.66) and Moneymaker (6.00) which were using leaf discs as explants sources. The enhancement of in vitro morphogenesis using cobalt chloride infers that ethylene has an inhibitory role in tomato callogenesis and organogenesis.

Emma is, in a sense, exceptional among Jane Austen’s novels because its heroine is endowed with significant economic, familial and social advantages which are denied to the other Austenian heroines. With the exception of Mr Knightley, Emma rules her household and neighbourhood. Her rule continues throughout and is reinforced at the closure of the novel through her marriage with Mr Knightley. As a representative of the landed gentry, Emma has almost nothing to do to fill up the ennui and boredom of the landlocked Highbury society. Therefore, leisure management becomes her chief concern; she starts arranging and imagining matches. But Emma herself is confident that she will never marry. Emma seems to share her creator’s avarice of marriage which was supposed by Austen to have ruined the freedom and happiness of a lady. Austen could ‘afford’ to remain a spinster but for women in general in her time marriage was the only option to live honourably. From one of her letters written to her sister Cassandra we understand that Austen was fully aware of the immense economic pressure that compelled the spinsters to choose between poverty and matrimony. And yet marriage was the beginning of the end for many young women whose emotion, intellect, health and life itself were at stake as an aftermath of marriage. Although fiction is silent on certain biological details of life, other evidence of the time tells us of the inexorable cycle of annual pregnancies interrupted by frequent miscarriages that most married women had to go through. It is against such background that Emma Woodhouse’s marriage with John Knightley becomes so significant and exceptional an event. In Emma Austen rewrites the traditional romantic version of femininity mainly through the figure of its heroine. Much earlier Austen had expressed her anxiety about Emma’s being not so favourite with her readers and critics. Subsequently we have seen that the prime objections against Emma have actually been prompted by her transgressing the gender role. But it is possible to suggest that the novel explores not only Austen’s presentation of positive versions of female power but also how Emma and Knightley’s equal standing are finally readjusted through their marriage, in a way which is radically different from the traditionally accepted tutor-pupil relationship between Mr and Mrs John Knightley.

This paper covers the following issues: Why Research Libraries are required, Brief History of Research Institute Libraries in Aurangabad (Maharashtra, India), Objectives of the study, Research Centre Library Functions and Facilities, their Services and Availability of the ICT facilities in Research Centre Library, Findings and Suggestions

The present survey was conducted in Union Council Koaz Bahram Dheri, District Charsada, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The survey was conducted during September 2013. For the collection of data a standard and self designed questionnaire were used. A total of 64 participants were interviewed from different villages of the said area. The result of the present study shows that the Hajji Sargand Kally and Mian Jan Kally have a high ratio of illiteracy and most of the population have their monthly income below PKR 10000. The Landi Shah Kally have high ratio of literacy and most of the participants have their monthly income PKR > 25000 as compared to the other area. Form the present study it was concluded that the illiteracy level has a direct impact on the income of the participants.

The current paper deals with health care finance with special reference to publicly financed health insurance which has a potential to achieve universal health insurance in the developing nations or resource poor countries. The situation of health expenditure is skewed heavily towards out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure being borne by the households. The OOP is as high as 70 percent in some developing nations making the health care finance highly regressive due to high level of poverty in these countries where the poor households bear a much higher proportion of the expenditure to family income (Berman, P. A., 1998). There is a need for the government to step in and provide security against the catastrophic health care expenditure and reduce the OOP health expenditure to the resource poor families. Health Insurance is considered to be one of the efficient health care financing mechanisms. However, across the globe, conventional health insurance market is grappling with different kinds of market failures due to information asymmetry leading to different moral hazards, adverse selection, providers’ induced demand, cream skimming etc. Due to such market failures, different mechanisms are designed by the insurers in pricing of insurance products and build other terms and conditions, which reduce the potential of health insurance to provide universal health insurance coverage to all particularly to the vulnerable sections of the society. The higher economic classes get the coverage of health care services but the most severely affected are the families from lower economic strata who neither have the purchasing power to procure the health care services from the market nor have any financial security against catastrophic health care expenditures. This leads to huge amount of welfare loss in the society. This makes it imperative for the government to intervene primarily to make the health insurance market efficient and equitable and also to complete the market by providing depth and breadth of services particularly for the lower economic class and also to promote merit goods. Publicly financed health insurance to a great extent tries to overcome market failures arising from information asymmetry in the health care market by making the health insurance program mandatory for all and also through regulations. Different models of publicly financed health insurance are being implemented as wealth transfer programs such as social health insurance or tax based finance health insurance. The Publicly financed health insurance programs particularly the tax based health insurance removes most of the inefficiencies of the health insurance market and brings a lot of value particularly for the lower economic strata. Hence, it has the potential to make the health insurance market more effective and complete from both equity and efficiency perspectives.

As a result of frequent changes in the national economy and international human resource management is one of the biggest challenges managers face today in modern organizations. For more professional management the human resources are required research into factors that affect motivation for human resources work. Order management as well, so more efficient and professional human resource managers need to implement certain forms of motivation of employees in order to maximize the results in the organization. The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of motivational factors in the performance of employees in public and private organizations. This paper analyzes the impact of factors material and not material as: advancement on the basis of education, advancement based on experience, financial support towards continuous education and undergraduate specializations or after university. In this paper is analyzed the impact of material and not material factors in concrete public and private organizations, and their role in motivation, development of human resources in the Kosovo market and beyond.

Leadership and its influence in implementation of organizational strategy, obviously constitutes a determining factor in all progress and expected outcomes of this process. A better performance of the organization and the achievement of its strategic objectives cannot be seen without the active participation and leadership role, and active supporter of Leadership, in all stages of the process, since the drafting of the plan and its implementation. By setting precise and clear goals, Leadership also sets references, which should move the organization. With the focus on employee, sharing the same vision for the organization, Leadership directs his work toward increasing their commitment, towards success in implementing the strategy. Having an organizational culture based on of joint values, based on thinking and acting equally, all together, orientation towards achieving objectives, through changes bring out an effective Leadership in the organization. With his indispensable influence, Leadership would be determinant in the operations performance facing challenges in the evolution of the operations themselves, to the relevant decisions. Only an alignment and making full efficiency of the role and activity of Leadership, will bring the required effectiveness, in the successful implementation of the strategy of the organization.

The Indian Tourism Industry has flourished in the past few years, significantly contributing to the nation's Gross Domestic Product, foreign exchange earnings and employment. India, with her enriched natural beauty, is unambiguously one of the most viable candidates for promoting tourism. The present study attempts to find out the important determinants of the attractiveness of a tourist destination based on tourists’ expectation, experience and satisfaction with the tourist related attributes of the destination. An attempt is made to understand the role of communication in selecting the tourist destination. Communication includes both message from all media sources and personal sources. A factor analysis carried out on 19 items pertaining to the expectation of visitors on touristic attributes gives rise to six meaningful constructs.

Metropolitan cities are under severe threat because of inappropriate design and construction of structures. Faulty building designed without considering seismic consideration could be vulnerable to damage even under low levels of ground shaking from distant earthquake. So, structural engineers often are more concerned about the constructing Shear wall without knowing its performance with respect to infill percentage which may lead it to an over design state without knowing the demand. Nonlinear inelastic pushover analysis provides a better view about the behavior of the structures during seismic events. This study investigates as well as compares the performances of bare, different infill percentage level and two types of Shear wall consisting building structures and suggests from which level of performance shear wall should be preferred over the infill structure. To perform the finite element simulation ETABS 9.7.2 is used to get the output using pushover analysis. For different loading conditions, the performances of structures are evaluated with the help of base shear, deflection, storey drift, storey drift ratio and stages of number of hinges form and represented with discussion.

dimensions. It found its application in different scientific disciplines: psychology, political theory, sociology, education, economy, management etc. Empowerment has also become a popular concept in mediation. As the growth of mediation as an alternative method of dispute resolution continues, scholars recognized empowerment as a core issue and one of the fundamental concept of mediation. Nowadays the research on empowerment in mediation is limited; there is still no clear definition of empowerment. R. Bush and J. Folger conducted the most thorough study of empowerment, although the concept was addressed only from the point of view of transformative model of mediation. H. Burgess has raised some questions on the efficiency of mediation in relation to the disempowered or oppressed parties. Several empirical studies (S. Cobb) have been conducted on how empowerment works in real mediations, key characteristics of empowerment were identified, including access to information, ability to make choices, assertiveness, and self-esteem. The subject of the current research paper is definition of empowerment as a specific feature of mediation. The author will look at the existing definitions of empowerment in mediation and analyze the most common approaches to this concept.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between psychomotor variables and performance in elite female Handball players. Method: 120 Handball players (age 18 to 25 years, height 166.76 ± 3.89cm and weight 64.45 ± 4.15kg; mean ± SD) participated in this study. Results: The results of this study showed significant correlation between elite female handball players performance and Flexibility (r = .250, p<.006), Kinesthetic perception (r =.217, p<.017), Agility (r = -.324, p<.000), Speed of Movement (r = -.188, p<.040) and Explosive Power (r = -.295, p<.001). Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between psychomotor abilities and performance in elite female Handball players

Length – weight relationship was derived from Schistura rupecola inhabiting Song river of Garhwal, Himalaya. Sampling was done between April, 2012 and June, 2012. The result shows that the ‘b’ is significantly more than 3.0. The species exhibit an isometric growth pattern.

Globally, the level of urbanization is rapidly increasing and metropolitan areas are growing fast, creating extensive land use changes and urban spatial expansion. In 2011, a total of 3.6 billion people were urban dwellers, accounting for 52% of the world population (UNDP, 2012). Simultaneously, it is important to access spaces to accommodate this growth. Ultimate results of that is urban fringe area gradually converting to provide access for this pressure demand. Hence it is important to study the conversion of land into urban uses as well as land use changing pattern, direction, and changing intensity. Specific reasons for land use conversion and also implication of land use conversion are very important to any party who is interested in this scenario. Land use changing information is more important to take the best decision when preparing land use management plans. In any situation, land use changes are very difficult to critically identify because of its complicated and dynamic nature. Therefore, Town planners, Real estate developers and all interested parties need to be aware of land use changes and its nature. Due to lack of advanced analytical tools for land use management, identification of land use changing pattern was a difficult task. Therefore it is required to use an accurate model to determine the land use pattern and its future trend. Present GIS analysis provides a more powerful platform for land based analysis. In this analysis it expects to use Spatial Calculating Analysis Model for land use analysis integrating GIS.

Very few Indian English poets are awarded with a number of literary nicknames in English literature as the poet Arbind Kumar Choudhary has earned a number of literary titles -Indian Keats, phrasal king, quatrain king, mythical messiah, proverbial samarat, poet’s poet and many more amidst the literary circles all around the corner. There are a number of national and international literary awards in the USA, China and India, more than fifty published interviews in Romania, Malta, Mongolia and India, hundreds of critical comments in Malta, Mongolia and Romania, inclusion in a number of dictionaries and anthologies in England, Mongolia and India and honorary membership of IWAA ,USA speak volumes about his fragrant literary rosariums all around the world. The most distinctive contributions he credits are the Arbindonean sonnets and Arbindonean racy style in English literature without any disputes. His thought provoking capital idea, sensational poetic approach, mythical magnitude, vibrating vision, innovative poetic groves and, above all, tempestuous literary whirlwind make him a guardian angel amidst the poetry lovers across the continent.

Bangladesh is one of the most disaster prone country in the world community, especially to flood hazards. Due to the geographical location the South-Western coastal region of Bangladesh is a highly risky zone of flood - a common phenomenon in this area. The flood risk has been assessed against non-spatial data by using the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tool. The equation R =∫ [(H + V – C) / 3] (Blaikie, 1994) was used to calculate the risk score. According to Rahman, 2004, the variables are measured at a scale from 1 to 4, where the upper value indicates the highest limit of any variable. (Rahaman, 2004). The Southkhali is the most risky Union in the Sarankhola Upazila because of the large water body on three sides.

Literature has strongly shaped the way we think and behave. Over the last hundred years film has become a progressively more powerful and dominant form and we have sufficient evidence to suggest that the visual has now significantly replaced the written form as the leading mode of communication in contemporary society. Since film is a fairly recent phenomenon, it has rented a great deal from other forms of expression particularly from literature. The present paper focuses on the relation between film and literature and discusses film as a cinematic novel with the help of film Gandhi, directed by Richard Attenborough. This film is a multi award winning biopic film about the life of Mahatma Gandhi who was a leader......

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the need to reform the pension scheme in Albania and the social impact that would have the implementation of new pension system. Albania inherited a pension system which is DB (Defined Benefit) - mono pillar pension scheme. After 90's, the Albanian government has undertaken some reforms on pension system such as the parametric reform of 2002, but the pension system is still facing problems. The need to shift from DB (Defined benefit) mono pillar scheme to DC (Defined Contribution) pension system is related to financial sustainability. Implementing new pension reform means taking into consideration sustainability and adequacy in the same time.

This paper aims to explore French feminist, Helen Cixous’ revolt against oppressive phallocentric language and patriarchal conventions through her formulation of a new form of writing known as ecriture feminine or feminine writing through her seminal essay “The Laugh of the Medusa”. Establishing the rightful authority of women in a male dominated society, Cixous’ ecriture feminine is a reaction against female repression by phallocentric structures of the Western society. Ecriture feminine is the expression of the female body and sexuality in writing, an expression that cannot be coded or theorized. Cixous employs the motif of Medusa as a metaphor for women’s multiplicity that opposes patriarchal strictures on women’s body and voice. The research further foregrounds Cixous’ deconstruction of Jacques Lacan’s phallocentrism and Sigmund Freud’s misogynist “psychoanalytic closure” for women as she seeks to free all suppressed desires and impulses in women.

In Ethiopia, Oromia national regional state has the largest forest resource in the country and has pioneered to the establishment of management initiative system to control the degradation of forest. In 2007 the Oromia Forest Supervision Agency was established to coordinate the establishment of forest enterprises across the region. This study has attempted to examine impacts of deforestation and the challenges for conservation and major causing factors of deforestation in Ziway Dugda Woreda. Four kebeles namely Ubo Weni Bericha, Senbero, Koche Bore and Herera were selected by probability sampling system from four clusters namely Chancho, Ketar Zurias, Dembel and Wayyu. In the course of the study methodological pluralism Ulnas pursued to the research reasonable. Hence, survey of qualitative and quantitative data collection tools used were questionnaire, interview, focus group discussion and field observation. Raw data which collected from field were tallied, structured and systematically framed then analysis was given by summarizing results obtained from finding by theories and policies which are related to forest management and conservation. The study showed that there were a number of factors that have aggravated deforestation in the woreda are charcoal making fuel wood exploitation, clearing forest for farm land and animal grazing. The major environmental problems which are considered as impacts of deforestation in the wereda are flooding and deposition of sandy sediments on farm lands, gullies, drought, drying of springs and reduction of the volume of river and land degradation. Despite the existing problems there are some measures taken to improve the situation including area closure, patrolling and penalties. However, involving the community over resource conservation and use has been found to be of a paramount importance to reach successful resource use and management.

Marginalisation due to the lack of quality education had remained a continuous trend of disadvantaged sections of Indian society. Muslims being the victims of the same problem remained a backward community in India. In this paper an effort has been made to look into the different educational indicators and status of Muslims with respect of these indicators. Though the government has taken certain specific measures to improve the academic performance of Muslims, all such measures are merely cosmic or demonstrative. They do not get to the root cause. The paper, while using the data of different government reports, shows that Muslim deprivation increases manifold. Taking major statistics from Sachar Committee Report (SCR, 2006), the paper shows that Muslims face discrimination at various levels, they are at a double disadvantage with low levels of education combined with low quality of education. Even if government accepted the recommendations of SCR in toto, surprisingly, no progress has been made in overall conditions of Muslims, including education sector, since the recommendations were made. There is need of broad based policy initiatives combined with main streaming of Muslims in regular ministries, departments and programmes of state as well as central government.

Moni Mohsin, in her recently published collection of monthly columns, very humorously, reinforces the serious issues of the political world by juxtaposing them with the trivialities of life. Butterfly, the protagonist, begins each entry of the diary by first mentioning a major political development followed by another event which plays a major role in her superficial world. The period in which these columns were written was the one that saw, among other things, 9/11, a very real threat of nuclear war between India and Pakistan and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. This is satirized and mocked at by the author through the powerful use of droll localized version of English language which has also become a mean to sentimentalize literature in Mohsin’s The Diary of a Social Butterfly (2009). The “chutneyfication of English language”, in Salman Rushdie’s words, lends a light tone to this otherwise critical commentary on the social animal which is indifferent to what is happening around. This research paper aims to study this book as a political and a social satire, and will provide scope for further research and studies. It will also accommodate and acknowledge the already published work in this regard.

In the last 2000 years of the history of Manipur, the arrival of Vaishnavism in Manipur in the 18th century had a marked influence to the people. It made its everlasting hold on Manipuri culture, religion, literature and in fact almost everything for which Manipur is known to the world at present. Even though Vaishnavism started to make its inroads in Manipur in the 15th century, it was not before the reign of Garibniwaz (Pamheiba) that Hinduism in the form of Vaishnavism could have its sway over the Manipur valley. King Garibniwaz declared Vaishanvism as state religion in 1724 and it was followed by a rigorous imposition and adoption of the new religion in Manipur valley. The event is also remembered for its strong imposition resulting in the burning and destroying of old Manipuri literature (Puya Mei Thaaba). Interestingly, the new religion was not imposed/extended to the hills of Manipur thereby creating a line of division or separation between the people of the hills and the valley. Still, with the arrival of Vaishanvism, Manipur has made tremendous progress in its culture, dance and literature.

According to the literary existing herbarium materials 85 species of Astracantha and Astragalus genus are spread out in of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. 16 of them were given to the Astracantha species which are newly created from Astragalus genus, and the other 69 species were kept in Astragalus. The same species have systematically been analysed, their geographical areal kinds have been studied. It has been known that most of the existing types of Astracantha and Astragalus are included into classes and groups as Atropatan, Northern Iran, Asia Minor Front Asia. The investigation of geographical elements, their groups and classes makes it possible to study out the flora genetically or historically, to be more true, to learn out the ways, the time and the place where the types have come from to this area.

The present study investigated the relationship between the self-reported and computed expertise of the pre-service teachers in using technology available at their institutions and software applications for academic and personal activities. The study was conducted in the context of two variables: gender and stream of study. A sample of 150 pre-service teachers was drawn from the teacher education institutions of Patna University and Magadh University of Bihar, India by multi-stage cluster sampling technique. The results emphasized across gender difference in self-reported and computed expertise in software applications for academic activities and across stream difference in using technology available at the institutions and software applications for academic activities. However no significant difference was observed in the pre-service teachers’ expertise in software applications for personal activities.

The position of a student teacher is distinct from a regular student and a regular teacher. She/he has to fulfil his/her duties of being a student and as well as of being a teacher..........

g picture of the dense of population sharing within built up areas. It is important to analyse people according to the places where they live in. Geodemography provides an analytical overview to analyse this situation. Particular geodemographic tools make data access easier and more end-users can easily access the information they need. Studying spatial distribution of urban population is essential for the understanding of urban spatial structure and the formation of government policies. However, this is a challenging task because of the difficulty to integrate, aggregate census data with disaggregate....

Literature has strongly shaped the way we think and behave. Over the last hundred years film has become a progressively more powerful and dominant form and we have sufficient evidence to suggest that the visual has now significantly replaced the written form as the leading mode of communication in contemporary society. Since film is a fairly recent phenomenon, it has rented a great deal from other forms of expression particularly from literature. The present paper focuses on the relation between film and literature and discusses film as a cinematic novel with the help of film Gandhi, directed by Richard Attenborough. This film is a multi award winning biopic film about the life of Mahatma Gandhi who was a leader......

As a result of frequent changes in the national economy and international human resource management is one of the biggest challenges managers face today in modern organizations. For more professional management the human resources are required research into factors that affect motivation for human resources work. Order management as well, so more efficient and professional human resource managers need to implement certain forms of motivation of employees in order to maximize the results in the organization. The purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of motivational factors in the performance of employees in public and private organizations. This paper analyzes the impact of factors material and not material as: advancement on the basis of education, advancement based on experience, financial support towards continuous education and undergraduate specializations or after university. In this paper is analyzed the impact of material and not material factors in concrete public and private organizations, and their role in motivation, development of human resources in the Kosovo market and beyond.

Genetic diversity among 114 rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.) accessions was investigated for seed protein profiling using Sodium Dodecyl Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In total, 16 protein bands were observed with molecular weight ranging from 20 kDa to more than 66 kDa. Among total protein bands, 12 (75%) were polymorphic which resolved taxonomic variation. The data was analyzed statistically using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). A dendrogram was formed and on the basis of banding pattern, the data was clustered into 4 regions. All the regions exhibited polymorphism for one or the other protein band.