C677T polymorphism (rs 1801133) of methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase gene (MTHFR) in 124 healthy individuals was determined. It was shown that the ratio of major homozygous allele (C/C), heterozygotes (C/T) and homozygotes for the minor allele (T/T) was 46 %, 48.4 % and 5.6 %. Frequency of individuals-carriers of the minor allele (C/T+T/T) among men was higher than among women (P = 0.061). Female carriers minor allele (C/T+T/T) growth was significantly lower, and BMI was higher compared with women who were homozygous for major allele (C/C) (P < 0.001, P = 0.034 respectively).

Peripheral neuropathy is a clinical syndrome that develops as a result of various aetiological factors impacting peripheral nerves. It is distinguished by heterogeneous pathogenetic mechanisms. Polioneuropathies occupy the second place in the structure of diseases of the peripheral nerve system after vertebraginic pathology, but greatly exceed it in the complicated clinical manifestations and crippling consequences. Important role is played by the vessel factors of neuropathy development, which are connected with the involvement of vasa nervorum and combine a big group of diseases. To detect the pathological changes in the microcirculatory blood stream of peripheral nerves advanced pathohistological research of its components on various levels is needed; this research is carried out by pathologists with the use of the whole complex of techniques aimed at the elective detection of various elements of vessel wall. The issue of protocol development enabling the complex multi-factor analysis of great amounts of data is therefore in question. The objective of our research is the development of the systematic list of pathohistological changes in the microcirculatory blood stream of the peripheral nerve. The research protocol for the description of pathohistological changes of some components of the microcirculatory stream of the peripheral nerve was developed based on referenced data and our own observation experience. The systematic list of pathohistological changes was verified in the examination of 220 n. tibialis of diabetes patients and in the control group. The use of the suggested research protocol for the description of pathomorphological changes in vessels will enable objective diagnosis and correct interpretation of the obtained data. The prospects of our research lie in the development of the computer-based morphometric analysis of the haemocirculatory blood stream of peripheral nerves.

Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have drastically improved the quality of life for people with HIV infection. However, complex therapy leads to suppression of plasma viral loads in HIV-1 patients. Despite this therapy, a low level of viremia in plasma can be frequently detected by sensitive clinical assays. Additionally, many patients experience transient episodes of viremia above the detection limit, even if they have been undergoing highly suppressive therapy for many years. Failure of HAART to eradicate HIV associates with the existence of persistent infection in certain cellular and anatomical reservoirs. The latent reservoir considers being the major hurdle in HIV eradication. In addition, deep suppression of viral replication does not restore the immune status fully that was effected by HIV infection. This is a consequence of chronic immune activation, caused by the increased permeability of the intestinal barrier and translocation of bacteria and products of their decay. Progress in the infection eradication requires new approaches in the fight against latency and immunodeficiency.

The study involved 35 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity. According to the basal secretion of аnti-Müllerian hormone, all patients were divided into two groups: the first group consisted of 20 women with index >10.3 ng / ml (14.1 ± 0.5 ng / ml) and the second – 15 women with index < 10.3 ng / ml (9.2 ± 0.2 ng / ml). I noticed similar changes in both groups after six month of therapy with metformin: weight loss, decrease of insulin, luteinizing hormone, testosterone and increase sex hormone-binding globulin, which was accompanied by reduction of free androgen index. Besides, the number of antral follicles and volume of ovarian reduced, menstrual cycle normalized. Perhaps, pregnancy occurred only among the representatives from the second group. I assumed that the basal secretion of аnti-Müllerian hormone could be a predictor of clinical effectiveness of treatment with metformin.

The aim of the study was to research the cardiovascular system functional state in healthy teenagers as they had done certain exercise tests. We examined 68 children by the Doppler echocardiography method. The inadequate response of cardiovascular system had 25 % of teenagers. The main factors that had led to the state were: basic high blood pressure and general low level of physical activities. The systolic function of the heart enhanced during the lower dynamics of diastolic function.

The influence of quantitative and qualitative composition of intestinal microflora on the state of mineral metabolism and the immune system was study in the 128 children with asthma. The correlation between the number of representatives of the intestinal microbiota, bioelements and indicators of immune status were studied. The dependence of immune parameters, micronutrient content and quality of intestinal microflora detected in children with asthma that manifested significant imbalance of immune and microelement’s homeostasis. The results give reason to consider overgrowth in school age children with asthma as one of the factors that support secondary immunodeficiency, impaired microelement’s metabolism. The reducing of the number of lacto-and bifidobacterias, E. coli colonies and growth of opportunistic microorganisms, staphylococci and fungi have a significant impact on changes in the immune system and the microelement’s composition, supports allergic inflammation in the body of the child, even in remission, which is important and promising in terms of finding new ways of optimal treatment of childhood asthma.

Myocardial dyssynchrony is important part of the etiopathogenesis of heart failure. Diagnostic criteria and methods for determining the dyssynchrony are not enough investigated. We analyzed various types of dyssynchrony and discussed modern parameters to diagnose them. The authors proposed a unified approach to identify dyssynchrony in patients with heart failure combined with diabetes mellitus type 2. There were determined the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the basic ECG and echocardiographic parameters in the diagnosis of dyssynchrony. We developed criteria to diagnose dyssynchrony using ECG and echocardiographic routine markers. The proposed diagnostic algorithm enables to diagnose dyssynchrony highly reliably.

The article is devoted to study toughness of rat’s humeri testing them for stiffness, strength and stretching. Our aim is to create a 3D-model of the long bone for rats of different age. This model will allow conducting numerous toughness tests by changing the initial parameters. The portable experimental unit was used to test humeri stretching, with the measuring scale accurate to 0.25 kg. Evaluation of toughness was carried by Pro/Engineer software package (PTC, USA) and included Pro/Mechanica modulus. The minimal value of critical toughness was measured in the bones of sucking rats. Value of stretching showed almost directly proportional dependence between critical bone toughness and rat’s age. Having compared experimental data and calculations of crack load values, we pointed that value deviation is less than 7 %. The 3-D image of the long bone for rats of different age can be frequently used for various deformation influences and with different initial parameters of the bone tissue.

The article is devoted to discuss the results of radical surgical treatment of 57 patients with recurrent pilonidal disease. Patients with pilonidal disease were divided into the control and main groups. Thus, 31 (54.4 %) patients composed the control group of patients who were treated by wide excision with wound closure, while 26 (45.6 %) patients composed the main group of patients who were treated by Bascom's procedure (cleft lift procedure). The results of treatment patients were following for 1–3 years. There were 23 (74.2 %) complications in patients of the control group: wound abscess (16.1 %), primary wound dehiscence (16.1 %), secondary wound dehiscence (19.4 %), wound hematoma (12.9 %) and repeat recurrent of disease (9.7 %). There were 3 (11.5 %) complications in patients of the main group: wound abscess (3.8 %), secondary wound dehiscence (3.8 %) and wound hematoma (3.8%). There was no repeat recurrent of disease after Bascom's procedure. The using cleft lift procedure (Bascom's procedure) permits essentially decrease (χ2 = 22.4; Р=0,001) frequency of postoperative complications in patients with recurrent pilonidal disease.

T2255C polymorphism (rs2359612) of vitamin K-epoxidoreductase (VKORC1) gene in 118 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and in 234 healthy people was determined. It was shown that in patients with ACS interrelation of main homozygotes, heterozygotes and minor homozygotes were 27.1 %, 41.5 % and 31.4 % (in control – 37.2 %, 42.7 %, 20.1 %. P = 0,038 by χ2-test). Thus, there is an association between T2255C polymorphism and the development of ACS: the risk of ACS in homozygotes for the minor allele (C/C) is 2.1 times higher than in homozygous for the major allele.

We examined 56 patients (12 men and 44 women) aged 45 to 60 years (mean 51.13 ± 5.32 years) in order to study the dynamics of indicators of endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes with subclinical hyperthyroidism on the background of the natural course and treatment thyrostatics. All patients were divided into two subgroups: the first subgroup received treatment (20 patients) with tyrosol; a second subgroup of dynamic monitoring (36 patients) did not receive treatment during follow-tyrosol. The results indicate an increased risk of cardio-vascular diseases for patients with type 2 diabetes with subclinical hyperthyroidism and require timely active preventive measures.

We determinated increase of C-reactive protein and proinflammatory cytokins (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease II and III stages. Application of atorvastatin in addition to basis therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease enhanced the level of anti-inflammatory treatment effectiveness by: faster decrease of C-reactive proteins and proinflammatory cytokins levels. Using these data we can recommend statins to eliminate inflammation and slow the disease course.

The article is devoted to evaluate dynamics ofplanimetric indexes of burns. I took rats of different age and applied innovative chitosan membranes on the burns. I modeled IIIb burns on the rats from both experimental and control groups; I used chitosan-based coatings for topical treatment. Planimetric analyses of the affected areas were performed by the “SEO Image lab 2.0” program (Sumy, Ukraine) considering the total affected area (sm2); the relative areas of dead tissue, granulation tissue and epithelization (%). I measured them on 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st days after the burn modelling. These days show key phases of skin healing. I determined the rate of burn healing according to certain criteria: average rate of affected area reduction (sm2) per day; reduction in burn area (%) per day. Natural chitosan coatings prevented from repeated infections protecting the burn areas from exogenous factors. Besides, it was applied easily on the affected areas to protect newly formed epithelium. Healing process speeded up during the inflammatory phase as both burn cleaning and granulation tissue formation enhanced. Moreover, gripping of the burn edges occurred during the proliferation and remodeling phases. Due to these results I may claim that period of healing process with rate of epithelization has decreased by 1.5 day.

The article examines the features of the balance of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines in full-term infants with impaired renal function due to asphyxia at birth. The study involved 252 full-term newborns with signs of kidney damage: 102 children who had severe asphyxia and 150 children with moderate asphyxia. The level of interleukin -1β, interleukin -6, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin -10 in serum determined by on the 1–2 nd, 7–8th and 25–30th days of life by ELISA. Interleukin-6 is the most informative cytokine; its level increased in the first days of life in case of impaired renal function and depended on the severity of asphyxia. Determination of interleukin-1β in serum is necessary for retrospective assess severity of the asphyxia in newborns at the end of neonatal period. Serum level of interleukin-10 is closely correlated with the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the first days of life in children with impaired renal function due to asphyxia. Character of correlation depends on the prevalence of regulatory or suppressive processes.