Internetworking has evolved as backbone of communication in recent years. TCP/IP protocol suite is an inseparable part of internet. Hence the efficiency of the protocols plays a vital role in performance of internet. The protocol suit that was originally designed for a wired network is now required to function in the internet with wireless extension employed to reach remote areas. In a wired network, most packet losses are due to congestion. TCP exploits this characteristic of wired networks and tuned to perform well in such an environment. But in wireless environment, losses due to errors over the wireless hop also contribute significantly to the cumulative packet losses. The fact is TCP cannot distinguish problems that typically occur in wireless networks from congestion. If TCP is used over wireless link, its performance is severely degraded. If losses due to errors can be categorized apart from losses due to congestion, then irrational decision of cwnd reduction can be avoided. This will surely lead to performance improvement due to effective bandwidth utilization. Performance of TCP is based on assumption on reliable lower layer. In Link layer Adaptation the value of Retry Limit is dynamically changed according to channel conditions and it will try to locally enhance the problem of link error loss so that TCP will not start its congestion control algorithm and will not decrease its cwnd unnecessarily. It adapts the behavior of the MAC layer to avoid a costly end-to-end TCP resolution. This will ensure improved performance of TCP over wireless networks.

Big Data has an important role in both public and private sector which can contain massive information. While deep learning is an extremely active research area in terms of machine learning and pattern recognition society. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of Deep Learning and big data.

Reflectance of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in reflecting radiant energy. It is the fraction of incident electromagnetic power that is reflected at an interface .Reflectivity is an optical property of material, which describes how much light is reflected from the material in relation to an amount of light incident on the material. The reflection occurs always on the surface of the material, for the translucent materials also in the volume of the material. Reflectivity is a natural phenomenon which can be exploited in several ways to benefit mankind. In such potential applications, the measurement of intensity of electromagnetic radiation reflected by any given surface is of considerable importance to many branches of engineering. We use a source and a sensor here to measure reflectivity of different materials by bouncing the light off the material which is being tested.

This paper presents a case study of a SCADA system for monitoring and control of the parameters in water supply system. The system maintains functional parameters and performs continuous supervision of water distribution stations in order to allow any problem to be solved. The control system is organized in a hierarchical structure with three layers. The first layer consists of field instruments, remote terminal units and field control devices. The signals from instruments via transmitters are sent to dedicated PLC panels at the second layer. The SCADA central level contains high speed PC computers for the supervision or operative drive of remote processes. The proposed system allows optimal functioning of the pumping systems, safety of the equipment and installations and efficient water usage.

WDM optical networks being high speed networks provide very high data rate for transmission. In WDM technology, the data is carried from source node to destination node as a wavelength signal. Many such signals are multiplexed and transmitted through fibers. At the other end the signals are demultiplexed. WDM technology and routing algorithm is backbone of optical fiber which has huge information carrying capacity. In current paper, a comparative analysis of various routing algorithm used in optical network has been performed. The strategies investigated are Shortest Path (SP), Congestion Aware (CA1) and Weighted Congestion Aware (CA2) routing algorithm. We evaluated their performance by performing simulation in MATLAB environment under the various network parameters such as number of demands, blocking probability and number of wavelength on the regular network topologies like NSFNET and EON. Based on result, it has been conclusively established that Weighted Congestion aware Routing Algorithm (CA2) is having fewer Network blocking probability.

In this paper, we describe a sliding multipass technique for image restoration using a Wiener Filter and Wavelet Transform. The images with blurring and containing noise are first decomposed at different levels using an optimum wavelet family and subsequently the Wiener filter is applied to remove the noise and blurring effects from the distorted images. Wiener filter being a linear and spatially invariant filter does not produce non linear distortions. The limitation of Image Filters in terms of filtering passband is mitigated by multi pass decomposition using wavelet analysis. Finally the performance of the restoration algorithm is analyzed using standard parameters viz. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR) and Mean Square Error(MSE). A substantial improvement in PSNR value is achieved and the same is depicted in results. The author believes that this novel approach would cater to the need of restoration of images affected by blurring and multi band noise.

Web Usage Mining is the process of extracting useful information from server logs. In order to produce server log patterns, this work will implements a high level process of Web Log Mining. Dynamic Improved Apriori Algorithm is one of the methods for the same that is used to finding out the association rules about a target page. But its efficiency is not high, as because, it finds out the association rules about a single target page only. Frequent patterns are patterns that occur frequently in a data set, which depends on minimum support threshold. This work finds out the frequent patterns in the area of Web Log Mining. This paper designs and implements a new algorithm called Multipage Dynamic Apriori Approach for Web Log Mining (MDAA-WLM), it works on more than one target pages and finding out all the frequent patterns about target pages based on minimum support count threshold. As compared to the Dynamic Improved Apriori Algorithm experiment shows that, the time of MDAA-WLM is improved in two areas- efficiency under different data volumes and efficiency under different minimum support count.

There are various types of heterogeneous nodes in a cloud system. Namely, each node havingdifferent capability executes task of a system; hence, only consider the CPU remaining of the node is not enough when a node is chosen to execute a task. Therefore, how to select an efficient node to execute a task is very important in a cloud computing. In this paper, we propose a new scheduling algorithm that choose a suitable node with its average task. It is very easy way to select an appropriate node. This approach can provide efficient utilization of computing resources and maintain the load balancing in cloud computing environment.

In this research paper the various heuristic methods namely COMSOAL, Ranked positional weight and Largest candidate rule is described for assembly line balancing problem .In this research paper our aim is to reduce the number of workstations and increasing overall Line Efficiency of simple assembly line balancing problem.

Multiple-Input Multiple-Output based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (MIMO-OFDMA) along with sparse technique is an encouraging interface technology. MIMO channel can bid a substantial gain over an outmoded single input single output network. In this paper an impression of MIMO-OFDMA with sparse technique will be given, for promising performance. Antenna selection is apprehended to improve overall BER on MIMO channel guesstimate. Adaptive M-QAM modulation is achieved on selected antenna on each subcarrier.

In these modern days, Mobile Application is very popular to mobile users. The main objective of this Application design is to save the human life by providing proper communication when and where the blood is available and donors of human organs further details of where the medical camp is scheduled in district and state wise. Today, many websites are available for this type of services but they are not much popular among the people. But users have mobile phone with lots of Application for communication they are more familiar because it is easy to use. The proposed Mobile Application consists of Donor details and Camp details, so everyone can make use of it when needed. The function of this application is to send messages about the need of blood and human organs and it is sent by everyone who needs the service. A requester who needs blood or any organ should register in this application before itself. Likewise, the persons who are all willing to donate blood or any organ they can also register in this application. The proposed Application has the advantage of saving the time, human life and easily finds the donors.

In this paper, we describe a sliding multipass technique for image restoration using a Wiener Filter and Wavelet Transform. The images with blurring and containing noise are first decomposed at different levels using an optimum wavelet family and subsequently the Wiener filter is applied to remove the noise and blurring effects from the distorted images. Wiener filter being a linear and spatially invariant filter does not produce non linear distortions. The limitation of Image Filters in terms of filtering passband is mitigated by multi pass decomposition using wavelet analysis. Finally the performance of the restoration algorithm is analyzed using standard parameters viz. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR) and Mean Square Error(MSE). A substantial improvement in PSNR value is achieved and the same is depicted in results. The author believes that this novel approach would cater to the need of restoration of images affected by blurring and multi band noise.

With the emergence of Microcontrollers, associated peripheral chips and developments in the field of software technology, the whole scenario related in Process Control and Automation underwent a radical change. The Programmable Logic Controllers have in recent years experienced an unprecedented growth, as a universal element in Industrial Automation. Paper is a thin material mainly used for writing upon, printing upon, drawing, packaging etc., It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, Starch is an important material in the production of paper. Tapioca is a rich source of starch. When coating on the partially made paper, starch should be of pure liquid form and should not contain any solid particles, even if tiny. In order to filter these solid particles, simple filters with alternate mesh arrangements are used. It has to be cleaned periodically for better filtering. This arrangement has to be flushed in certain intervals of time manually. This causes lag in the coating process and thus resulting in loss of production. The proposed system in our project is to flush these filters automatically using PLC. This results in continuous constant starch coating on the paper which subsequently yields a higher paper manufacturing rate.

In this paper, we describe a sliding multipass technique for image restoration using a Wiener Filter and Wavelet Transform. The images with blurring and containing noise are first decomposed at different levels using an optimum wavelet family and subsequently the Wiener filter is applied to remove the noise and blurring effects from the distorted images. Wiener filter being a linear and spatially invariant filter does not produce non linear distortions. The limitation of Image Filters in terms of filtering passband is mitigated by multi pass decomposition using wavelet analysis. Finally the performance of the restoration algorithm is analyzed using standard parameters viz. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR) and Mean Square Error(MSE). A substantial improvement in PSNR value is achieved and the same is depicted in results. The author believes that this novel approach would cater to the need of restoration of images affected by blurring and multi band noise.