Polyphenol chemical components extracted from merbau (Intsia spp.) wood exhibit a strong affinity for resorcinol and formaldehyde in alkaline conditions, forming a copolymer that could serve as an adhesive. This paper studies the use of resorcinol adhesives from merbau wood extracts containing poly phenolics which copolymerize with formaldehyde bonding wood laminates. Results show that copolymer of merbau extracts with formaldehyde produc resin molecular could e with weight 49,658 can be used as adhesive for laminated board manufacturing ply-1strip flooring parquet . The resin of a 3 constructed with s k k m m m s 7 wood species, i.e: ungkai, aret, empas, erbau, angium, ahoni and engon. Bonding quality and physical-mechanical properties of the products meet the same product that using imported adhesive and laminated glued included exterior quality with E or F**** types of low emission formaldehyde

Bintaro seed is widely used as an alternative raw material for biodiesel and waste the fruit-shell. This paper studies the utilization of fruit-shell waste for activated carbon. Activated charcoal was relied on two factors, namely chemical activator (H PO consentration) and activation time of hot steam. Activated charcoal Indonesian quality was tested against National Standard (SNI 06-3730-1995). es the best activated charcoal is treatment H PO 15% R ults show the using and 90 minutes hot steam. The process produce activated charcoal quality of 9.98% moisture content, volatile matter 9.16% ash content 12.45% fixed carbon 78.4% adsorption on iodine 784.498 mg/g adsorption on benzene 17.73% and adsorption on methilene blue 127.705 mg/g. The adsorption mechanism with th adsor ption ofis similar ose Langmuir isotherm with linearity 0.9691. he best activated charcoal of In term of improving water quality t should be able the in the water by by to reduce consentration of Fe 100 % and Mn 86.94 % respectively.

Laboratory-scale manufactured hardboard made of Saccharum Sponaneoun Grasses (SSG), Empty Oil-palm Bunches (EOPB), and andong bamboo is potentially developed. However, initial experiment shows the hardboard did not meet Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) and International Standard Organization (ISO) for hardboard. This paper observes modification of the hardboard to satisfy the standards. Modification includes adding alkali concentration during pulp cooking and changing the additives composition. Result shows modification can enhance the hardboard quality to satisfy JIS and ISO requirements. Fiber mixture of SSG pulp and andong/betung bamboo pulp was cooked in 10.5% alkali concentration; and 12% alkali concentration for EOPB pulp. Additives composition used were tannin-resorcinolformaldehyde/TRF adhesive, alum,and activated charcoal; without waxemulsion. The mixture of SSG pulp (50%) +EOPB pulp (50%) was the most prospective for hardboard, followed by SSG pulp (100%) solely; SSG pulp (50%) +andong bamboo pulp (50%); and SSG pulp (50%) + betung bamboo pulp (50%) as the lowest prospects. The leastprospective fibrous material(betung bamboo)are expectedly beimproved by using more TRF adhesive, nano-size activated charcoal and cross-linking agents.

Polyphenol chemical components extracted from merbau (Intsia spp.) wood exhibit a strong affinity for resorcinol and formaldehyde in alkaline conditions, forming a copolymer that could serve as an adhesive. This paper studies the use of resorcinol adhesives from merbau wood extracts containing poly phenolics which copolymerize with formaldehyde bonding wood laminates. Results show that copolymer of merbau extracts with formaldehyde could produce resin with molecular weight 49,658. The resin can be used as adhesive for laminated board manufacturing of a 3 ply-1strip flooring parquet constructed with 7 wood species, i.e: sungkai, karet, kempas, merbau, mangium, mahoni and sengon. Bonding quality and physical-mechanical properties of the products laminated meet the same product that glued using imported adhesive and included exterior quality with E0 or F**** types of low emission formaldehyde

Production of biodiesel catalytically requires catalyst and stirring. Good stirring system will produce a homogeneous mixture between triglycerides and methanol. Good stirring can be generated with the use of static mixers. This paper studies the static mixing reactor with continuous system in production of biodiesel catalytically and optimizing the length of static mixer in order to obtain methyl ester level based on standard. The experiments were conducted with transesterification method using palm olein (RBDPO) and methanol with molar ratio 1:6, KOH catalyst of 0.5% and the reaction temperature of 65 C. Biodiesel production process used transien condition. Biodiesel production process with catalyst used two moduls of static mixer. The treatment was the length static mixer of the . The variations of the static mixer lenght were conducted by passing fluid one time through static mixer reactor after the temperature has been reached (A0 = 2 static mixer), passed two times through the static mixer reactor (A1 = 4 static mixers), passed three times through the static mixer reactor (A2 = 6 static mixers), and passed four times through the static mixer reactor (A3 = 8 static mixers). Results show that for each treatment had produced methyl ester content above the standard of 96.5% w/w. The determination of the best treatment was obtained based on the best value for parameters of methyl ester and total glycerol resulted was on the condition of 4 times passed in the static mixer reactor (A3 = 8 static mixers) which produced methyl ester content of 97.92% w / w, total glycerol of 0.85%, acid number of 0.31 mg KOH / g, saponification number of 202 mg KOH / g, the biodiesel yield of 98.26%, and reaction time 29 minute

Log skidding technique in peatland is different with those practiced in dry land. A well planning is required especially in the use of the skidding tool. Since skidding takes a large portion of production costs, it is nedeed to compensate by increasing productivity through implemention of the proper harvesting techniques. This paper studies the increase of productivity and minimize production cost by implementing RIL technique at peat swamp plantation forest. The was conducted study on 2012 the work area PT Satria Perkasa Agung, in Simpang Kanan District Pelalawan, Riau Province. at of , Data of skidding cost and productivity were processesed by using tabulation to obtain the mean and then analized using t-test of SPSS 18 software. Skidding in peatland of Results show that: 1. RIL technique could increase the average productivity by 8.37% and e the average production 3.93%; . The use of matting lines skidding peatdecreas cost of 2 proper on in swamp forest uneffective about 8.3% equal to 3.66 minutes/trip. can reduce time

Indonesia is rich of non-rice carbohydrate source including forest intercropping plants. Simulated Rice Grain (SRG) was made from non-rice carbohydrate sources which had close characteristic to the physicochemical properties of flour andCiherang grain variety. This paper studies the machine design of Stimulated Rice Grain (SRG) made of non-ricecarbohydrate from forest intercropping . SRG machine design is approached through the design criteria, designplant forming analysis, functional design and manufacturing , while SRG forming machine was tested using mixed material processes made from 30% of arrowroot starch, 42% of beneng taro flour and 28% of sorghum The specification of SRG formingma . x . x . die space .600 Nchine is 6 8 2 2 5 06 mm for dimension, 1 9–2 3 for pressure ratio, for pressure force, 70 for angle of repose, 0–5000 m seconds for time length, capacity of 900 grain per hour and 25 80 C foricro space - die space temperature regulator SRG . ness . . It resulted with length of 7 1 mm, thick of 2 8 mm, slightly rounded shape, grainfirmness of 0 1-2 , rice grain density of 620-770 kg/m and weight 17 5-29 g per 1000 grains. N grain weight of grain

Indonesia is rich of non-rice carbohydrate source including forest intercropping plants. Simulated Rice Grain (SRG) was made from non-rice carbohydrate sources which had close characteristic to the physicochemical properties of flour andCiherang grain variety. This paper studies the machine design of Stimulated Rice Grain (SRG) made of non-ricecarbohydrate from forest intercropping . SRG machine design is approached through the design criteria, designplant forming analysis, functional design and manufacturing , while SRG forming machine was tested using mixed material processes made from 30% of arrowroot starch, 42% of beneng taro flour and 28% of sorghum The specification of SRG formingma . x . x . die space .600 Nchine is 6 8 2 2 5 06 mm for dimension, 1 9–2 3 for pressure ratio, for pressure force, 70 for angle of repose, 0–5000 m seconds for time length, capacity of 900 grain per hour and 25 80 C foricro space - die space temperature regulator SRG . ness . . It resulted with length of 7 1 mm, thick of 2 8 mm, slightly rounded shape, grainfirmness of 0 1-2 , rice grain density of 620-770 kg/m and weight 17 5-29 g per 1000 grains. N grain weight of grain