The co-existence of Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) and GuillainBarre syndrome (GBS) as a result of auto antibodies directed against self-neural antigens following mumps infection in children is rare. We present a 3-years boy admitted with weakness of both lower limbs with provisional diagnosis of transverse myelitis based on clinical and MRI findings. The patient was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone without significant recovery. The diagnosis was later revised to include GBS on the basis of CSF analysis and neurophysiological evidence of acute motor axonal neuropathy. A dual pathology of ATM and GBS may require intensive therapy directed against both diseases.

Functional impairments accumulated after the stroke significantly affect daily living activities, and these patients often need assistance in performing basic life activities. The study aimed to assess the gender differences in functional disabilities among stroke survivors in home care facilities in the Bisha City of Saudi Arabia.

Chronic pain poses a tremendous burden on economies worldwide. It is among the top causes of work absenteeism. It costs the world hundreds of billions in losses. Pain physicians and other healthcare clinicians face major challenges in treating pain experienced by individuals with persistent pain. How acute pain becomes chronic offers so many theories but little solutions. It is a complexsyndrome as complex as pain pathophysiology. It encompasses complex sensory, immune inflammatory, and endocrine interactions at the levels of cerebrum, spinal cord, and peripheral levels. When repeated and/or continuous nerve stimulation precipitates a series of altered pain pathways, resulting in central sensitization and impaired central nervous system mechanisms. The discovery of the roles of PKMzeta, BDNF, and NGF is among the most important in the field of pain medicine. It is a matter of time that PKMzeta inhibitors, BDNF and NGF modulators will lead us closer to discovering novel therapeutic agents that will block acute pain from becoming chronic. The goal of this manuscript is to review the latest and most interesting developments in this filed.

There are no lymphatics within the brain like other organs in our body with traditional anatomical understanding until Iliff and Nedergaard demonstrated a system of cerebrospinal and brain interstitial fluid flow systems that appears to be similar to the lymphatic system in rodents. They created the term “glymphatics”. More recent studies by using MRI tracer studies in humans demonstrated evidences of a similar glymphatic system in humans. It is logical to believe that such a system functions as an important waste clearance system in health and disease. However, the function of such a system has been questioned by more recent studies. There has never been any real human case to confirm the pathophysiologically the dysfunction of such a system as the reason for the underlying disease. Furthermore, there has never been any explanation how beta-amyloid synthesized in the brain can be transported retrogradely to the small brain arteries and arterioles in amyloid angiopathy.

The United Nation predicts acceleration of urbanization of world population which will grow from the current (2021) 55% to a staggering 68% by 2050. India will add 416 million urban dwellers in the next three decades. Mumbai is a magnet for rural to urban migrants who congregate in one of the world`s largest slums and contribute to a sharp Social-Economical discrepancy. They live in close proximity to a large group of Billionaires

Objectives: Organophosphorus poisoning (OPP) may rarely present with delayed neurological manifestation like Parkinsonism or coma. Neck tremor in OPP has not been reported in literature till date.Methods: Patient presented to Emergency and was admitted in ICU and evaluated. Informed consent from patient and ethical clearance from institute has been obtained Results: A 42 year old gentleman presented with diarrhea, sialorrhea, rhinorrhea, drowsiness and breathlessness after ingestion of organophosphorus (OP) compound for suicidal intent. He improved with decontamination, mechanical ventilation and atropine infusion. His atropine infusion was stopped. On 6th day of illness (video 1), he developed encephalopathy and a jerky movement of the neck in form of flexion and extension of the neck. His CEMRI Brain and spine and CSF were normal. EEG showed diffuse slowing. His cholinesterase levels done on day 13 were low. A possibility of OPP induced delayed encephalopathy and extra-pyramidal syndrome was considered. He was restarted on atropine infusion and he improved (video 1).

During the development of the COVID-19 pandemic, surgical sciences were one of the most affected fields in biomedicine glob- ally. The fear of infection, the collapse of health care systems, the redistribution of resources, the increase in costs, the depletion of supplies, and confinement, among other aspects, caused a delay in the management of patients with surgical pathologies requiring immediate or elective care.

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelination Polyneuropathy (CIDP) and Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (Guillen- Barre Syndrome, GBS) are included in the autoimmune polyneuropathy category. The general clinical characteristics are: weakness, muscle atrophy, sensory disorders with or without pain. It presents peripheral symptoms of symmetric or asymmetric distribution, asymmetric distribution tends to be rarer, with fast or slow progression of the disease and with varying degrees of problem caused to the Autonomous Nerve System

Hydrocephalus is a condition where an abnormal build-up of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fluid causes an increase in pressure in the ventricles or subarachnoid space of the brain and one of the most common clinical conditions affecting the central nervous system. Although VP-shunt is a simple surgery, however the follow up post-operatively in rural city area especially in devel- oping country like Indonesia has not been explore explicitly. Methods: Retrospective study was conducted of 29 patient with ages ranged from 2 month until 25 years at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital rural city Bandung Indonesia.

Visual evoked potential (VEP) is the electrical response of the occipital cortex that is elicited by visual stimulation. They study macular and perimacular functioning as well as the conduction of visual pathways. They therefore contribute to the diagnosis of several diseases of the central nervous system such as Devic’s optic neuromyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Their standards vary from one laboratory to another due to the difference in conditions and stimulation materials. The objective of this study is to present the results of our laboratory comparative to others laboratories.

Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy (FAP) is a relatively rare hereditary amyloidosis, which is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. It is a progressively worsening neurological disease with sensory, motor and autonomic neuropathy as the main manifestations. Patients often have obvious autonomic nervous function, heart, and eye involvement. It is rarer that the disease is manifested by pure peripheral nerve damage. This article reports a case of FAP with pure peripheral nerve damage to the family, in order to improve the neurologist’s understanding of the disease

The pain, irritation feelings, in traditional medicine, mainly cause stiffness or blocking in the blood circulation. All of the feelings are gone after removing the trigger points of pain by hot rubbing, oil rubbing, massage, clapping, hot therapy apply. The author saw that some of these therapies can self-apply to treat the side effects of the coronavirus vaccines. Best of all are all can try these simple techniques and can have the results after 10 minutes of practicing.