Objective: Hydrocephalus is the most encountered pediatric neurosurgical abnormality, with a high prevalence in developing countries. Untreated, hydrocephalus leads to permanent disability or death. The epidemiology and outcomes of hydrocephalus treated by ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts in Pakistan still are not well defined and vary by region and class. The aim of this study was to determine the post operative complications of VP shunt in children presented to Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery in The Childrens Hospital $ The Institute of Child Health Lahore.

White matter injury (WMI) is the most common type of brain injury in premature infants. Hypoxic ischemia (HI) is the major cause of neonatal WMI and in that case oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the main involved cells. Stem cell transplantation which can differentiate into OLs or promote endogenous OLs survival or differentiation is considered to be the optimal strategy for the treatment of WMI. Specifically, the neural crest-derived origin of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) predisposes the cells to be optional candidates for the treatment of nervous system diseases. Recently, the conditioned medium from SHEDs (SHED-CM) has also garnered more and more attention as it can replace most of the paracrine roles of SHEDs. In the present study, we aim to explore the effects and related mechanisms of SHED-CM on the treatment of neonatal WMI.

Hydrocephalus is the most encountered pediatric neurosurgical abnormality, with a high prevalence in developing countries. Untreated, hydrocephalus leads to permanent disability or death. The epidemiology and outcomes of hydrocephalus treated by ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts in Pakistan still are not well defined and vary by region and class. The aim of this study was to determine the post operative complications of VP shunt in children presented to Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery in The Chil- drens Hospital $ The Institute of Child Health Lahore.

Thalamic tumours in children are rare, although their incidence has not yet been established. We report a case found in our milieu in order to share experience and awake practitioner about the existence of this lesion in children.

Thalamic tumours in children are rare, although their incidence has not yet been established. We report a case found in our milieu in order to share experience and awake practitioner about the existence of this lesion in children.

Decompressive craniectomy in people suffering from head injuries have been performed since the early twentieth century. At first they were performed in both hemispheres and today it is usually performed in the affected hemisphere. Although it is usually the last measure to be taken by neurosurgeons due to the strong risk it entails at the functional level, its practice is still necessary for some patients.

The pathophysiologic basis of migraine is uncertain. Abortive management strategies for acute migraine attacks are, therefore,based on presumptive approaches. Widespread use of triptans or analgesics either alone or in combination with caffeine to abort episodic migraine headaches does not allow for precise knowledge of pharmacologic site or mechanism of action. Ocular compression maneuver (OCM) has been previously reported to manage primary cough headache by immediate reduction Valsalva-induced corneoscleral envelope distention/undulation and nociceptive ocular ophthalmic (V1) trigeminal neural traffic activation. I report the successful and safe use of OCM induced painless self-ocular tamponade through closed eyelid(s) to abort recurrent episodic migraine headache attacks and post-coital headache attacks.

To assess the feasibility of plain decompressive hemicraniectomy in the treatment of spontaneous hypertensive intracranial bleeds as a low cost and low skill alternative for decompression and hematoma evacuation.

Reported correlations in psychology research tend to be unimpressive. This would not be a problem if the underlying reason were that the phenomena under investigation really were not very related. However, a more troubling explanation pertains to the reliability and validity of the measures. As has been known since the seminal research by Spearman (1904), reliability sets an upper limit on predictive validity; unreliable measures result in unimpressive correlations even if all else is right. The present article briefly reviews the old literature on classical true score theory with an eye towards (a) reiterating long-known but rarely attended to prescriptions for obtaining more impressive correlations, (b) drawing lessons that contradict cliches in the field, and (c) expanding classical true score theory wisdom to cases where there are two predictor variables rather than a single amalgamated variable.

Current pandemic coronavirus that is also known as COVID-19 or coronavirus disease 2019 is a respiratory disease that effects on so many dimensions of human body. From 2019 up to now, more than 154,000 articles have been done to find out disease symptoms, what are those appropriate ways to control the disease or even prevent its expansion. Among different strategies, it is well accepted that individuals with strong immune system and healthy body could handle the disease much better compare to those individuals with heart, kidney, or liver problems due to the virus receptor that are located on those organs.

The study carried out by the author, studying the chakras’ energy centers of a thousand patients in her clinic in Brazil, she found that more than 90% of patients she is attending have no energy in the chakras’. The study was published in an article written by Huang (2021) entitled Chakras’ Energy Deficiencies as the Cause of Fatigue Post SARS-CoV-2 Infection Patients Treatment

Headaches are often caused by disorders of the neck or physical and emotional tension. Skilled manipulative physiotherapists can successfully treat headaches originating from the neck or soft tissues and facilitate to prevent the pain arising from cervicogenic headache.

The manifestation of significant behavioral problems, inadequate social and adaptive abilities, and high levels of depressive symptomology have consistently been observed in children and adolescents with multiple disabilities including those with attention and hyperactivity disorder. Understanding, evaluating, and addressing this magnitude of emotional, behavioral, and cognitive problems requires a systematic, integrative approach to psychological intervention that functions as a cascade network.

The neurotropic effect of SARS - CoV2 virus manifests as inflammatory and demyelinating changes. The major entities reported were stroke, GBS, ADEM and encephalitis. A rare case of sensory motor polyneuropathy (SMPN) in COVID 19 was reported in our institute.