Chronic illness is a health problem that affects all the lives of individuals who are slowly progressing, requiring long and constant care. Care for individuals with chronic illness and disability, physical,emotional and social aspect as well as diseases. This holistic care approach requires nurses to use all their knowledge and skills. Chronic diseases are diseases that require special training in long-term care, supervision, observation and rehabilitation. For this reason chronic diseases and rehabilitation are inseparable and the nurse is the central point

Objective: This study was planned to determine the impact of stroke on balance ability and postural sway. Methods: The study was conducted between November 2017 and September 2018 at the Neurological Rehabilitation Unit of Pamukkale University School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation. The sample of the study consisted of 20 hemiparetic individuals (Group 1) who were admitted to the rehabilitation program and 40 healthy individuals (Group 2) aged between 30 and 60 years, and who accepted to participate in the study. “One single leg test (eyes open)” was used to assess static balance ability. Dynamic balance was evaluated using the ”Timed up&go test”, “10-meter walking test “, “Chair stand test” and ”Berg Balance Scale”. Kinestetic Balance Ability Trainer(Sport-Kat 550) was used to determine postural sway in four directions. Independent Samples t Test was used to compare the measurements performed by stroke survivors and healthy individuals. Results: Mean age of Group 1 was 48.6± 10.1 years and mean age of Group 2 was 44.05±7.77 years. Static and dynamic balance results of Group 1 were lower than Group 2 (p <0.05). Mean kinesthetic balance of Group 1 was 967.90 ± 658.97 and mean of Group 2 was 470.60 ± 193.80. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of postural sway (p <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that hemiparetic stroke decreases static and dynamic balance ability and disturbs postural sway of the subjects.

Objective: Recreation is, mostly defined as the activities that people intentionally do to regain their physical and spiritual integrity. Recreational activities enable individuals to socialize in their free time, establish positive relationships with their surroundings and improve themselves. Cities could be described as healty and liveable as they provide appropriate opportunities. Healthy cities provide liveable environments in terms of physical and mental well-being. The aim of this study is to determine the current recreational activities in the City of Aydin and its vicinity in order to make the city more liveable and healthy, to measure the expectations of the residents and to offer suggestions for possible recreational activities. Methods: The research material consists of recreation areas in Aydin City and its vicinity and the users who use these areas. In the research, face-to-face survey study was conducted and expectations for recreational areas which are used densely in the centre of Aydin were measured. Results: Within the scope of the research, widely preferred recreational activities have been identified. Considering the population and social structure of the City of Aydin, a survey was conducted in order to measure the expectations of the people for recreational activities. The data from the survey study and field observations were used to assess the adequacy of existing activities and the expectations for possible activities. Conclusion: As a result of the research, existing recreational activity types in the City of Aydin and its vicinity has been determined, yet these areas have not seemed to adequately meet the requirements of the individuals. As a result of the survey, suggestions were made in order to meet the expectations of the users about the recreational activities and to make the city of Aydin more liveable and healthy.

Objective: This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between leadership characteristics and perceptions of family centered care of nurses working in pediatric clinics. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between October 2016 - January 2017 with 528 nurses in pediatric clinics at university and public hospitals in the Çukurova Region. Data was collected using the “Demographic Data Form”, “Leadership Orientations Scale” and "Family Centered Care Questionnaire”. Independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Post Hoc Tukey and Pearson Correlation analysis were used. Results: Majority of participant nurses were female (89.8%) and mean age 30.9 ± 6.5. It was determined that leadership orientation score points increased when the level of education increased. Nurses who graduated from high school had higher AMBA scores than the other nurses. Statistically significant and positive relationship was found between total score of Leadership Orientations Scale and Family Centered Care Questionnaire. Conclusion: Exhibiting leadership behaviors in nursing is increased practices of family-centered care and provides better quality care for the child. In order to increase the leadership levels of nurses, it may be advised the regulation of nursing education curriculum, providing in-service training on the subject in hospitals. In an attempt to increase practices of familycentered care may be recommended to make arrangements about level of organizational and systems.

Objective: Monoterpenes are the primary components of plant essential oils which can use in medicines, food or cosmetic industries. Many terpenoids exhibit a various pharmacological activities such as antiallergic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anticancer. However no enough data are found about cytotoxicity of these compounds on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential cytotoxic effects of monoterpenes Beta-Citronellol (BC) and (-)-Menthone (MNT) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in MCF-7 cell line. Methods: In this study, the cytotoxic effects of monoterpenes BC and MNT were analyzed by MTT assay at 24 and 48 hour treatment times in the MCF-7 cell line. MCF-7 cells were treated with different concentrations of BC (2, 10, 50, 250, 1250 µg/mL) and MNT (16, 80, 400, 2000, 10.000 µg/mL). Results: BC and MNT were significantly decreased cell viability (%) at all concentrations at 24-h treatment period. Furthermore, BC (250, 1250 µg/mL) and MNT (16, 400, 2000, 10.000 µg/mL) were significantly reduced the cell viability at 48-h treatment. Conclusion: As a result, BC and MNT showed cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells in both treatment times. Further studies should be conducted to determination cytotoxicity using different cell lines

Nitrate is a naturally occurring form of nitrogen. It exists in the air, soil, water, and plants. It is also used as a food additive in foodstuffs such as cured meats and some cheese types. Ever since the nitrate was considered as a toxic contaminant of food and water with potentially harmful effects such as methemoglobinemia and cancer. More recently, it is reported that dietary nitrate has beneficial effects for the human body. In this review, it is discussed the dietary sources of nitrate and their affecting factors, and metabolism of nitrate in the human body, as well as its benefits on human health.

Aim: To make qualitative and quantitative analysis of nursing researches aimed at parenteral nutrition in our country and to contribute to the literature in new studies. Methods: Adnan Menderes University subscribed electronic data bases, ULAKBIM (National Academic Network and Information Center), Google Academic online. As a result of the screening, a total of five studies were reached, including one graduate thesis work related to parenteral nutrition published between 1998-2018. Results: A total of five studies were found, one of which was achieved by entering the key words and the other being a graduate thesis. It has been determined that all of the studies are of descriptive type. Experimental/semi-experimental and qualitative studies were not found. In the studies, the most nurses were informed about the necessity of follow-up phlebitis as a complication of parenteral nutrition, necessity of phlebitis follow-up, necessity of culture in case of infection or finding of infection at the catheter exit site and parenteral nutrition infusion termination. On the other hand, it appears that nurses are not informed about the use of parenteral nutritional supplements and that the selines are not for indication that they do not know how to make a nutritional scan, and about which criterion is used when parenteral nutrition is given by peripheral or central route. There were no findings on the effects of the use of Eikozapentaenoic Acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and olive oil from three omega fatty acids in addition to parenteral nutrition solutions and mixing of parenteral nutritional solutions published in guideline studies. Conclusion: It may be suggested that the nurses should be informed about the current information based on the current knowledge about parenteral nutrition, eliminating the lack of information with planned trainings and integrating knowledge of blood based practice into the clinic, showing the applications as written procedures, updating the literature information for the applications.