The area of the study lies between latitudinal degrees 34° 20´ 47 ?– 36° 30´ 32 ? north and longitudinal degrees 41° 35´ 12 ?– 43° 26´ 50 ?east. The area includes the northwest parts of Iraq and the northwest parts of the Plain. The area is surrounded by Sinjar Mountain, Kolat Mountain, Zuhair Mountain, and Shaikh Ibrahim Mountain from the north; it is a series of hills which mark the border line of the water of Thirthar valley basin and Tigris. While the Eastern borders are the borders of the Tigris basin, from the south the area is surrounded by Euphrates and from the west is surrounded by the valleys of Ajeej, Ashkar and Sumbula. The study area is about 24138.259 square kms.

In this paper an attempt has been made to analysis the Urbanization at district level in Solapur district. Urbanization is index Transforming traditional rural economics to modern industrial one. It Include an two things “An Increase Number of People” living in urban Settlements and an increase in the percentage of population engaged in non-agricultural activities living in such places. Urbanization is a function of various factors including the Physical socio-economic and technical organization for simple statistical equation have been employed the in spatial distribution of examined for the 2001 to 2011 and the Volume Changing of Urbanization in living Percentage of Urban Population during last 10 years in Solapur District. The aim of the paper is spatial patterns on the basis of urbanization, to analyze the Changing volume of Urbanization in Percentage and to draw conclusions and find out the problems and suggest suitable remedies to solve them.

The present study deals with the GC- MS analysis of the medicinal plant of Acacia catechu. The methanol extract of this plant showed good bioactive compounds found in GC – MS analysis of Acacia catechu. The result showed that twenty six bioactive compounds are present in leaf sample. Myo-Inositol, 4-C-methyl- C7H14O6 (Molecular weight- 194.00, RT- 33.55) showed high percentage (32.03%) of peak area than other compounds.

In this work, two adsorbents, namely MAC (metal activated carbon) and AC (Activated carbon), have been synthesized and studied for their adsorption behavior towards arsenic. Results of static adsorption studies carried out in the laboratory have shown greater than 99 percent removal of As+3 (which is about four times more toxic than As+5) and As+5, individually and as a 1:1 mixture, by MAC. Effect of various parameters such as adsorbent dose, contact time and initial concentration (of arsenic species under investigation) on removal of arsenic from water are presented. A dose of 15 g/L for MAC adsorbent has been optimized for effective removal of As+3 (<10 ppb (g/L), WHO drinking water limit) within 4 hours of contact time and with an optimized initial arsenic concentration of 2 ppm (mg/L). Similar studies for removal of As+5 and 1:1 mixture of As+3:As+5 from water have shown that an optimized dose of 10 g/L of MAC in contact with As+5 contaminated water (initial As+5 concentration: 1 ppm) for 6 hours and an optimized dose of 20 g/L of MAC in contact with arsenic contaminated water [initial arsenic (1:1 As+3:As+5) concentration: 1 ppm] for 4 hours is sufficient for almost hundred percent removal of As+5 and 1:1 mixture of As+3:As+5, respectively, from water.

In common use, a person reveals his emotions by certain expressions which are the outcome of his mental state. In recent years an upright turn in the manner of communicating with the world and expressing oneself has been noticed. During older times only by way of verbal and gestures a person could express his feelings but now the scenario has changed greatly. A person can lay his expressions non-verbally and even in more convenient manner. The communication with the dear one at a distant used to be a costly and time consuming affair, but a drastic drift in the medium of communication has introduced the concept of real time communication. A person in the modern world of electronic is able to communicate by way of emails, blogs, chats etc. The use of Webcam, emoticons, signs, symbols, exclamations, toasted words, etc. have given new shape to the manner of communication.

The demand for corn increases for its multiple uses, both in human nutrition, or as an essential component in the diets of livestock and poultry and the problem of maize lies in the failure of domestic production to cover the need of the total consumption, which leads to importing it from abroad and this represents a burden on the balance of payments, especially under the economic conditions Egypt experiences lately. It is shown from the redistribution of varieties summer and Nile white maize in the old lands the increase in the produced quantity by about 1.06 million ardebs and about 0.94 million ardebs representing about 2.98% and 19.1% respectively of the current total produced amount of summer and Nile white maize crop.

The Gupta Empire was founded in northern India in the beginning of the 4th century CE, following a long period of turmoil during the Kushan Empire which ceased in the middle of the 3rd century CE. In the meantime, several new states with little or no historical relevance emerged and collapsed. However with the foundation of Gupta Empire, the peace and unity in whole of the northern India once again retrieved. The Gupta Empire lasted for more than two centuries and encompassed over the major part of north India and to Balkh in the east. In the west, the Guptas successfully overcame the foreign invaders, the Sakas, who had been ruling Gujarat for more than 200 years. During the Gupta Empire, a degree of perfection was achieved in the fields of administration, economy, art and culture, architecture, sculpture, literature, science, technology, and above all the social balance and harmony. Before the Gupta period; the sources of the manifest of costume, ornaments and styles were deduced from sculptures and ancient manuscripts etc. However in this period besides; architecture, sculpture and ancient manuscripts, wall paintings of Ajanta vividly portray contemporary costumes, ornaments, lifestyles and dresses. The lifestyle of people of any age interprets the manner of living which reflects the person's values and attitudes in that period. Since Gupta period is regarded as “golden classic age” of ancient Indian history, therefore, the contemporary costumes, and ornaments not only exhibit the social standard but the peace, harmony and prosperity of this period also.

'Satipatthana', an application of mindfulness, is the central teaching found in Theravada Buddhism and it is the only way that makes promise to be free from all sorts of sufferings in this very life to whom practices it industriously.'Satipatthana' assures a person who exercises it to gain one of the two results in present or next life.It is hence the most unique and fundamental teaching in Buddhism. It is Satipatthana which can practice in day to day life of a man wherever and whenever that person may be. The person who practicesSatipatthanaperfectly as exposed in Buddhism can be guaranteed to gain liberation here and now with immediate benefit in accordance with his or her circumstances.

महाराष्ट्रातील भूमिहीन शेतमजुरांची आर्थिक स्थिती एक अभ्यास या विषयाचे अध्ययन केले असता असे स्पष्ट होते की, महाराष्ट्राची अर्थव्यवस्था कृषी क्षेत्रावर अवलंबून आहे. तरी देखील या कृषी उत्पन्नाच्या प्रक्रियेतील महत्त्वपुर्ण घटकाकडे म्हणजे भूमिहीन शेतमजुरांकडे दुर्लक्ष होत आहे. त्यामुळे त्यांच्या संख्येतही वेगाने वाढ होत आहे.त्यामुळे शेतामजुरांकडे समस्या गंभीर बनत आहेत.

The philosophical systems of Indian philosophy are divided into two classes- Āstika and Nāstika (orthodox and heterodox). Āstika means one who believes in the existence of God or the Absolute and Nāstika means one who does not believe in the existence of God or Absolute. In view of the philosophers, the āstika is one who believes in the validity of the Vedas and the nāstika is one who does not believe in the validity of the Vedas.

The present study makes an attempt to understand the problems perceived by the primary caretakers attending to children with cardiac problems. Caretakers who were ready and willing to extend their cooperation for indepth interview were selected as population for the study. Thus a total number of 60 caretakers were selected purposively for conducting the present study. The results revealed that 38 per cent of the caretakers faced relationship problems, more than half of the caretakers faced problems in child's physical care, and 33 per cent of the caretakers belonged to lower income group and 48 per cent were illiterates. Most of them were from rural areas.

A comprehensive knowledge of a company's organizational mechanisms is a fundamental prerequisite for good management practices and effective governance, especially in the banking industry where efficiency and effectiveness have recently been becoming more and more important. This paper describes the results of a practical experience of business process improvement and change. The business modeling approach, carried out through an agent-based model, has been applied to an operational process with the aim to reduce the overlapping of the operational phases and to improve the time-efficiency. Simulation outcomes and results are discussed.

Taking human emotions as a whole, privacy and personal instincts form an interconnective linkage; much similar is the case with Cinema. In this article, Cinema has been depicted as a montage of personal experiences that lead a person to the world of Maya or illusion. Have one ever thought that Hindu mythology will be applied to a film of this era? Although, subtlety has been presented along with it. Bakita Byaktigoto is a film that is based on the expressionist style of cinema, which often reminds us of the Neo-realist era; but, what is more impressive is the utilization of moods in the film.

Mnemonic Techniques, designed to measure the Learning Acquisition of the 9th graders of secondary schools of Chandigarh, were developed by the investigator in two formats - With Illustrations (M1), Without Illustrations (M2) - to observe the effect of teaching through them on some concepts of Social Studies. The study was experimental in nature and was conducted on the sample of 500 students. Mnemonic Techniques were taken as independent variable whereas Learning Acquisition as a dependent one. The results showed that F ratios were significant for the main effect of Mnemonic Techniques. The intercorrelation coefficient between the variables of Mnemonic Techniques and Learning Acquisition was positive and significant at .01 level of confidence.

Climate change is one of the most important global environmental challenges, with reference to food production, water, land and energy. The effects of climate change are being felt in all continents and countries of the world and these effects are predicted to intensify in the coming decades. The impact of climate change is expected to have different effects within and between countries. It is the main reason behind natural disasters like drought, flood, hurricane and earthquake and thereby it is increasing the socio-economic burden of the whole world like migration, yield reduction, poor health, malnutrition, recession and poverty. It is the need of the hour to review the situation to overcome the environmental and socio-economic issues of climate change which is possible only by understanding its impact. Present study is an attempt to integrate the environmental, social and economic impacts of climate change.

An Objective of the study was to examine the job satisfaction and self concept among sportsmen and non-sportsmen. Hypotheses: there is no significant difference between sportsmen and non-sportsmen with respect to job satisfaction and self concept. Sample: For the present study 100 Sample were belongings to Maharashtra, 50 subjects were sportsmen (M = 24.15, SD = 4.37) and 50 subjects non-sportsmen (M = 23.64, SD = 4.61). The age range of subjects was 20-30 years. Purposive non-probability sampling technique was used. Tools: 1) Job Satisfaction Scale. 2) Self Concept. Results: 1) Sportsmen had significantly high job satisfaction than the Non-Sportsmen. 2) Sportsmen had significantly high self concept than the Non-Sportsmen.

१९९१ च्या औद्योगीक धोरणात उच्चप्राधान्यक्रम असलेल्या नवीन तंत्रज्ञानचा वापर वाढविण्यासाठी विदेशी प्रत्यक्ष गुंतवणूकीला ((Foreign Direct Investment) मान्यता देण्यात आली . या गुंतवणूकीमुळे भारतातील अनेक क्षेत्राचा भरीव विकास झाला. भारतीय दुरसंचार क्षेत्राने ही बाब सिद्ध करून दाखवली आहे . या निबंधात भारतातील दुरसंचार क्षेत्रात विदेशी गुंतवणूकीमुळे झालेला विकास विचारात घेऊन भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्थेवर झालेले परिणाम विचारात घेण्याचा प्रयत्न केलेला आहे.

Automatic recognition of people is a challenging problem which has received much attention during recent years due to its many applications in different fields. Face recognition is one of those challenging problems and up to date, there is no technique that provides a robust solution to all situations. This technique uses an image-based approach towards artificial intelligence by removing redundant data from face images. In this paper we can capture the image of the user and compare from the authorized user, if the user will be unauthorized then system will directly send the capture image to the predefined email with a message alert to the cell phone. The actual advantages of face based identification over other biometrics are uniqueness and acceptance. As human face is a dynamic object having high degree of variability in its appearance, that makes face detection a difficult problem in computer vision. In this field, accuracy and speed of identification is a main issue.

The Administrative organization of the Delhi Sultanate was a Product of many factors. The sultans of Delhi had before themselves the model of the government of the Caliph. They had also inherited some of the practices and canventians of ther race to which they belonged. They also found in India a well-established administrative system from which they could borrow. The result was that the sultans had to assimilate most of the;machinery of Government already existing in the country thus, the Government of the Sultans of Delhi has rightly been described as a Turko- Persian system in an Indian setting. In this context the present article deals with the study of Administrative systemunder Delhi Sultanate.

पाणी हे जीवन आहे . हे सर्वार्थाने सत्य आहे . पाण्याशिवाय सृष्टीचे अस्तित्व शक्य नाही किंबहूना इतर ग्रहावर पाण्याचा अंश आढळून आला तर त्यावरून तेथे सजीव सृष्टी असल्याबाबतचा निष्कर्ष काढला जातो . शेती आणि पाणी हे सर्व सृष्टीचा आधार असून प्रगतीचा मार्ग दर्शवतात. त्यामुळे त्यांना अर्थव्यवस्थेत विशेष महत्व आहे. पर्जन्यमानाची अनिश्चितता वाढली आहे . पाण्याची पातळी खोल जाऊन पिण्याचा प्रश्न वाढतच चालला आहे.

There has always been an acute need for understanding the difficulties of refugees. It is also necessary to focus on their coping resources, which gives them ability to go through the various negative situations on their way. Spirituality and resilience are two such resources. The current work attempts to study the role of spirituality and resilience as coping resources, in the Tibetan refugees in exile (India). It will also focus on how the Tibetan refugees born and raised (till their mid/ late teens) in Tibet vary from the ones born and raised in exile (India). Methods: A sample of ninety participants completed the measures of spirituality and resilience. Using correlation, relationship between the two variables was calculated. The difference between the Tibetans born and raised in exile and otherwise, was assessed by t-test analysis. Results: Resilience is showing a significant positive correlation with spirituality for the refugees who were born and raised in Tibet (.419**, p< .01). t-test results revealed a significant difference between the two groups for spirituality (2.685*, p<.05) and no significant difference for resilience, except for one of its dimensions (life purpose and satisfaction). Discussion: Spirituality and resilience interact and are significant factors influencing and fostering active coping processes leading to a positive psychological adaptation and adjustment.They contribute to the psychological integration of stressful experiences.

Emily Dickinson is a great poet whose life is a tale of poetic beauty and truth – a tale always useful for the prosperity. She lived a life of simplicity, chastity and divinity. Today she is regarded as one of the greatest American poets. She is accepted as a poetess all over the world for her unorthodox attitude towards her gender, distinctive style and her forthright examination of philosophical and religious skepticism . That's why her poetry becomes most curious, mystical and distinct from the mainstream of English Poetry.

Information technology (IT) plays a vital role in every section of society and has its meritorious advantages. It is as simple as our daily routine performances but at some extent there is some biasness of adopting or using IT. In the growing economy era when the concept of equality exists everywhere, still there are some barriers which create hindrance in growing economy. The gender biasness is one of the historical issues because women are looking into the social and cultural aspect. Women are always looking behind men's using of technology and adoption.

Production planning is essential to avoid losses during the process, in addition to enhance the results with continuous improvement in quality management. It is required in the activity of the extractive industry of the Brazil nut, a native fruit of the Amazon, whose activity is pending of the plan of operationalization. This work aims the study of the reality of this industry, comparing the practice with conceptual precepts collected. The Contingency Theory underlies the present study, because it states that to be selected the actions in organizations it is necessary to test hypotheses previously. This research is of qualitative nature, and was prepared by the method of Case Study; the common procedures were adopted to the method by practicing these three distinct stages, namely, visits to the places of the chestnut marketing, observation of the chestnut cultivation in EMBRAPA / RO and interview with a regional producer to indirect data collection. The protocol of ethics of informed consent was followed. As result it was possible to observe the difference between the theoretical precepts and practice in the routine of the extraction process of the Brazil nut. It was recorded the disobedience of the minimum recommendations required in the activity by those involved, resulting in a task of a health risk for the extractive agent and also for the final consumer, motivating the notes addressed in this study. This work will serve as an instrument to support the academic knowledge, and those interested in matters of the Amazon.

In this research papera new transition metal dyestuffs is presented with theirapplication in photovoltaic cells. These dyes can be coated on titanium dioxide films rendering the device effective in the conversion of visible light to electric energy. Since titanium dioxide has a large band gap and therefore it does not absorb light in the visible region of the spectrum.For solar applications it is important that the titanium dioxide film be coated with a photosensitizer which harvests light in the wavelength domain where the sun emits light.Dye sensitized solar cell holds additional potential for further cost reduction and amplification of the manufacturing. The use of sensitizers having a broad absorption band in conjunction with oxide films permits to harvest a large fraction of sunlight. Here a new technique is presented to enhance the efficiency and performance of the proposed cell.

In a recent survey it has been revealed that the majority (73.8%) of 126 national language parasitological textbooks or compendia from 21 countries of Europe published since 1990 adopted consistent '-osis' disease terminology and the rest (26.2%) used a mixture of disease names ending in '-osis' and '-iasis' inconsistently. For achieving substantial shift towards the use of more consistent disease terminology, the interest and support of the parasitologists' community is required.

Managerial economics is the application of the economic concepts and economic analysis to the problems of formulating rational managerial decisions". It is sometimes referred to as business economics and is a branch of economics that applies microeconomic analysis to decision methods of businesses or other management units. As such, it bridges economic theory and economics in practice. It draws heavily from quantitative techniques such as regression analysis, correlation and calculus. If there is a unifying theme that runs through most of managerial economics, it is the attempt to optimize business decisions given the firm's objectives and given constraints imposed by scarcity, for example through the use of operations research, mathematical programming, game theory for strategic decisions, and other computational methods.

The present study deals with a study of bidi rolling child labour in Gondia city. This study primarily focuses on the child labour prevailing in bidi making of families within Gondia district. The aim of the present study was to highlight the problem of health of bidi rolling child labour. The informative study is broad based quantitative and qualitative analyzed are under taken .Besides study includes interviews with bidi contractors, employers ,children and their connected an adult colleagues involved in bidi making process .the study survey is also done about in prime location where bidi making process are constructed within Gondia district.

Greying of our population bring an unprecedented increase in burden of chronic age related diseases & dependency. Oxidative stress and free radical involvement form the basis of ageing. Ayurvedic herbs being natural, affordable & rich in antioxidants offer antiageing & numerous health benefits. This article reviews a few herbs for their antioxidant contents and phytochemicals in health promotion, disease prevention & treatment.

सन. १९६० के आसपास मराठी में दलित आंदोलन के उभार के साथ धीरे – धीरे दलित जीवन से जुडी रचनाओंका आना शुरू हुआ | हिंदी में १९८० तक आते – आते दलित साहित्य का सृजन होने लगा | उसमें आत्मकथा, कहानी, उपन्यास, नाटक, कविता आदि विधाओं में लेखन होंने लगा | दलित जीवन की बिबक पीडा आत्मकथा से सामने आयी |

A study of Bhattacharya's novels reveals his belief that life asserts itself by making man express his innate self through his actions, embodying noble ideas and values. Bhattacharya points to a positive view of life which is possible only when man trusts in and practises universal ethical values.He believes in the bright side of human existence and that is exactly what reflects his affirmative vision of life.The recurrent artistic presentation of the affirmation of life in his works is something unique. The present paper aims at delineating a critical analysis of the theme of affirmation as portrayed in the novels of Bhabani Bhattacharya with special orientation to Music for Mohini and Shadow from Ladakh.

In this paper a microscopic discussion has been done to focus various reasons and inspirations behind formation of social institutions and organizations that came into existence for transition of the Boro society in the early 20th Century. The era was very much crucial and on the one hand painful in the so-called traditional and uneducated Boro society. The society was to survive in the dearth of illiteracy, political unconsciousness, and in the midst of magical and superstitious way of living. In that circumstances the society was unfortunately subdued by high-caste communities and socio-political policies executed by political parties and particularly recognized high caste society in the state of Assam. Consequently the Boros, articulated as a petite ethnic linguistic community in Indian context at that period, were to become confused in a threat of extinction in the coming days. The reasons and social context which encouraged the Boro people to form socio-cultural, literary and political organizations has discussed in the paper.

Agriculture provides food security, price stability and livelihood for the majority of Indians. The economic development lies in the development of agriculture in India. Even today, In India, the age old dictum that 'farmers live and die in debt' is true. Hence the government since independence has strived to empower farmer to rejuvenate the agriculture sector. Whether the resource poor farmers are becoming poorer, or otherwise due to various policies and programmes has to be probed and hence the present paper aims to look into various polices and programmes of the government to empower the farmers in India. The generation and application of agricultural knowledge is increasingly important, especially for small and marginal farmers, who need relevant information to improve, sustain and diversify their farm enterprises.

कार्ल मार्क्स आणि फेडरिक एन्गल्स यांचे लेख ही साम्यवादी विचारप्रवाहीची गंगोत्री आहे. आर्थिक विषमता,शोषण व पिळवणूक या भांडवलशाही व्यवस्थेच्या अंगभुत व्याधी पासुन मानवा मात्राची मुक्तता करणारा महामंत्र अशी प्रतिष्ठा या विचारला लाभली होती. युरोपात झालेल्या औद्योगिक क्रांतीमुळे प्रचंड मोठा कामगार वर्ग उदयास आला होता.

The Administrative organization of the Delhi Sultanate was a Product of many factors. The sultans of Delhi had before themselves the model of the government of the Caliph. They had also inherited some of the practices and canventians of ther race to which they belonged. They also found in India a well-established administrative system from which they could borrow. The result was that the sultans had to assimilate most of the;machinery of Government already existing in the country thus, the Government of the Sultans of Delhi has rightly been described as a Turko- Persian system in an Indian setting. In this context the present article deals with the study of Administrative systemunder Delhi Sultanate.

The present paper presents the library automation and networking in the 21st century. It also defines standards and standardization internationally required for library automation and networking. Further the comparative statement of international standards adopted universally, which gives us names, purpose, establishment, record elements, following standards internationally, components, structures, tags and their importance in their implementation of library automation and networking. The conclusion is that, ISO is the standards body that establishes standards for the international exchange of goods and services.

The Civil Disobedience Movement made its appearance in the country In March 1930. One of the major off shoots was temperance movement. The purpose of the movement was to cripple the revenue to the British by the sale of liquor in India. Gandhi felt that use of liquor is dangerous to Indian society . Hence Gandhi launched a stubborn campaign against the use of liquor . The Government of Madras Presidency on its part checked the movement by resorting to lathi charge and promulgating several ordinances one after another during 1930-34. This paper tries to account all the details which occurred relating to the movement during the period of 1930-34.

जनजातियों के पारंपारिक खेल से उनकी स्थयीता झलकती है | क्योंकि आधुनिक समय में खेल भी कई तरह के हो गये है किसी भी देश की पहचान पहले खेलों से होती थी अब ऐसा नही है जब कि जनाजातीयों ने अपने खेलों को जो पारंपारिकता प्रदान की है वह अनुठी है एक पहचान है देश की पहचान है | विशिष्टता दृष्टिगोचर होती है विभिन्न प्रकार की जनाजातीयों में अलग-अलग खेल खेले जाते है |

शारीरिक क्रियाओं में या व्यायाम में हिस्सा लेते रहने से छात्रों के हृदय के आकर में बदलाव आता है| तथा हृदय का आकार बड़ा हो जाता है| हृदय का आकार बढने के कारण उनके द्वारा रक्ताभिसरण में वृद्धी होती है| रक्त के निष्पादन बढने के कारण हृदय गति धीमी हो जाती है| अनुसंधान कार्य को पूरा करने लिये 18-25 वर्श की आयु के 60 (तैरकों तथा धावकों) का चयन किया | तैरकों तथा धावको की हृदय श्वसन क्षमता के तुलनात्मक अध्ययन t-testके आधार पर उनका सांख्यिकीय विश्लेषण किया गया |