At the beginning of the new millennium, 260 million people in India did not have incomes to access a consumption basket which defines thepoverty line. Of these, 75 per cent were in the rural areas. India is home to 22 per cent of the world’s poor. Such a high incidence of poverty is a matter of concern in view of the fact that poverty eradication has been one of the major objectives of the development planning process.Indeed, poverty is a global issue. Its eradication is considered integral to humanity’s quest for sustainable development. Reduction of poverty in India is,therefore, vital for the attainment of national and international goals. The monitorable targets for the Tenth Five-Year Plan included quantitative targets for reduction in the incidence of poverty, according to which poverty was projected to be reduced by 5 percentage points by the end of the Tenth Plan period, by that time new estimates for poverty would be available.

The form or shape of the channel determine the area of fraction between the flowing water and the channel bed bank represent by perimeter .shape represent the configuration or form of the channel in cross-section. The shape of the channel is determined by its width and depth. It is therefore often measured by the ratio of water surface width to mean depth the ratio is known as the form ratio (scumm1977)The type and density of vegetation cover also influence of the channel shape river increase your width and depth ratio. All the cross-section taken on Khadakwasala dam downstream area In the monsoon season ,release the water to khadakwaala dam that time velocity of water is high , remove the all material in first cross-section area.

The term Lost Generation indicates to a period, which had lost its morality and ethics. It was coined by Gertrude stein to refer to a group of American Literary Notables who lived in Paris from the time period which saw the end of the World War-I to the beginning of the great depression. Earnest Hemingway popularized it quoting Stein You are a lost generation as a epigraph to his first novel The Sun Also Rises (1925). It encapsulates the angst of the post world War-I generation known as the lost generation.

This paper identifies some of the current and future trends of media verses the human rights issues in India. Media is not a judge, not an advocate, not an activist, not a social agent or not a social reformer. Media is a mirror; it is a torch bearer, a catalytic agent, who tries to give new directions and new dimensions to the society. Media has emerged as an industry but its primary concern is public utility service. The realities are affecting coverage of issues related to natural human rights and consequence of legal human rights and human duties. The print media is now trying to mould public opinion about human rights and duties. Media is playing a vital role with regards to addressing human rights issues. Media creates opinion of public at large and works towards abolishing social discrimination and exploitation, harassment of deprived.

Technology has opened up new markets, new products, new services and efficient delivery channels for the banking industry. The different E-channels like ATMs, Credit & Debit Cards, Tele-banking, Mobile-banking, Online-banking, Smart Cards, etc, are changing the face of the Indian banks. The customers with high-income level, high education, serviceman and businessman are using e-delivery channels more and more and they are aware about the concept of E-banking. Agriculturists, customers belong to low income group and less educated are using these e-channels to limited extent due to lack of awareness and knowledge on these channels. Out of all the e-delivery channels, ATMs and Mobile banking is considered as most cost-effective as compared to other channels. The banks should disclose the full information to the customers to win their confidence like service charges, service tax, interest, penalty, if any, etc.

The purpose of the study was to assess the physical fitness of players of various Degree College of Bhadravathi Taluk Hand Ball and Basket Ball players.

The study was intended to find out the Emotional Intelligence of Higher Secondary School Students in Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India. Random Sampling Technique was used to compose a sample of 500 Higher Secondary School students Mean, Standard Deviation and t values were calculated for the analysis of data. The result revealed that the Subject group and Types of family had no significant difference but, Gender, Locality and Types of School exhibited significant difference in respect of their Emotional Intelligence of Higher Secondary School Students.

The study was intended to find out the Moral Judgement of Higher Secondary School Students in Madurai District, Tamil Nadu, India. Random Sampling Technique was used to compose a sample of 600 Higher Secondary School students Mean, Standard Deviation and t values were calculated for the analysis of data. The result revealed that the Locality and Types of family had no significant difference but, Gender, Subject group and Types of School exhibited significant difference in respect of their Moral Judgement of Higher Secondary School Students.

The sugar industry plays a very important role in the economy of the country. It is the biggest industry in the rural areas of India. Sugar industry is mainly based on agro based product which is sugarcane. Sugar industry is provide an employment nearly 5 crors people, it includes directly or indirectly employment.

Alvin Toffler in his famous book "Future Shock" says that, "To help avert future shock, we must create a super industrial educational system and to do this, we must search for our objectives, methods in the future rather than past. Education must shift into future tense." The present paper addresses and focused on challenges and opportunities of commerce education in 21st century. The basic purpose of the paper is to understand and review various concepts and issues that related with commerce education. This paper looks and identifies challenges, innovative strategies and opportunity for young commerce students. Our commerce education is taking very slowly and traditionally professional approach. Also this paper indicates and concludes that there is strong need to refine, redefine and reshape the commerce education in the changing business environment.

In India, the history of microfinance dates back to establishment of Syndicate Bank in 1921 in private sector. During the early years, Syndicate Bank concentrated on raising micro deposits in the form of daily/weekly basis and sanctioned micro loans to its clients for shorter period of time. But microfinance came to limelight only when Dr Yunus gave it a mass movement in Grameen Bank experiment. Microfinance can be called a novel approach to provide saving and investment facility to the poor around world. Improved access and efficient provision of savings, credit, and insurance facilities in particular can enable the poor to smoothen their consumption, manage their risks better, gradually build their asset base, develop their business, enhance their income earning capacity, and enjoy an improved quality of life.

The purpose of present descriptive type of paper is to explore the world of Raj Yoga and its significance for mental health for global peace that has been disturbed by scientific and technological world. On the one hand it made living of mankind highly comfortable and creative but on other hand it is associated with the progress in the emergence of mental illness. It not only affects the progress but also the quality of life. Yoga is an ancient technique practiced by sages and yogis and taught it as a desirable and healthy way of life. The very meaning of yoga is to achieve a balance within the internal and external environment; thereby seeking to attain mental, spiritual and physical well-being.

Juveniles are the vulnerable and innocent section of the world. United Nations formed to up hold the rights of the every section of the society. It has many conventions and policies which clears it stands that to protect the rights and responsibility of the juveniles. In this paper the author tries to look some of the laws and treatment of the juveniles who have committed the offences and how they have been treated by the stakeholders. There are many laws has been implement in pre-independence and post-independence in India. One of the best law is been in force is Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000.

India has one of the largest Higher Education System in India. Both Central and State Government are responsible for Higher Education. The Society’s expectations from Higher Education however, have not remained the same always, but have kept changing with differing social concerns, economic situation and political conditions are explained in the present paper with respect to some documentary analysis.

The aim of the present study was to compare the anxiety state of north zone and east zone badminton intervarsity players. The total 150 (75 north zone badminton players and 75east zone badminton players) males were selected for this study. The age of the subjects were ranged between 18 to 25 years. The data on anxiety state of the subjects were obtained by using a questionnaire developed by Neary and Zuckerman (1976). The t test was used to determine the difference between the mean score of badminton intervarsity players. Results revealed that there was an significant difference between north zone and east zone badminton intervarsity players at 0.05 level of significance with 48 degree of freedom, east zone badminton intervarsity players showed slightly high mean score as compared to the north zone badminton intervarsity players.

The aim of the present study was to compare the anxiety state of north zone and east zone badminton intervarsity players. The total 150 (75 north zone badminton players and 75east zone badminton players) males were selected for this study. The age of the subjects were ranged between 18 to 25 years. The data on anxiety state of the subjects were obtained by using a questionnaire developed by Neary and Zuckerman (1976). The t test was used to determine the difference between the mean score of badminton intervarsity players. Results revealed that there was an significant difference between north zone and east zone badminton intervarsity players at 0.05 level of significance with 48 degree of freedom, east zone badminton intervarsity players showed slightly high mean score as compared to the north zone badminton intervarsity players.

The present study is pointed to the teachers, parents, educational planners and specially defenses who unscientifically believe that high creativity, low anxiety and introverts are only high risk takers. This study on high risk taking behaviour and creativity is only a small beginning which shows that all individuals are not equally prepared to take risk. Descriptive survey method was used for the present study. A sample consisted of 100 B.Ed students (50 male +50 female) from two education colleges of panipat (Haryana). Students from each college selected randomly from the education colleges of panipat. Finding of the study there is significant difference in risk taking behaviour of male and female B.Ed students and there is significant difference in risk taking behaviour of B.Ed students having high and low creativity.

Since few years India is witnessing the high investment in the mutual fund sector as the investors are finding investment in the mutual fund as profitable and low risk associated kind of investment. But when the investors were suppose to choose potential mutual fund scheme among the huge set of mutual fund scheme available and being offered by various financial institution and banks now a days. Small investors with their small savings find it very difficult and time consuming to evaluate the performance of mutual fund so they gives less importance to analyze the performance and select optimal mutual fund scheme and invest their hard earned money just by taking advise from here and there.

Characteristics of some carbohydrases from mid gut (MG) and hind gut (HG) were studied in the third instar grub of Liatongus rhadamistus. Most of the carbohydrases showed their maximum activities at pH 7.2.While some Carbohydrase were showing pH optima at 5.6 (cellulase) and 6.0 (trehalase). Temperature optima for all carbohydrases which were studied in both guts occurred at 450C. The Km values of amylase in (MG) was 1.00% and in (HG) was 0.80% .The Km values of invertase enzyme were 2.28 X 10-3 M in (MG) and 6.499 X 10-3M in (HG). The half life of amylase activity was 32 minutes (MG) and 23 minutes (HG) at 600 C. At some temperature the half life of invertase was 35.2 minutes (MG) and 28 minutes (HG). The digestion period of 60 minutes were fitted very well within the linear part of enzymatic action for both enzyme and gut. (MG) was major source of carbohydrases, but result indicates (HG) also contribute significantly.

The present paper deals with five species of fungi encountered on submerged woody debris and leaves in freshwater habitats. Among them Monodictys trichocladiopsis Goh and Hyde is a new record for the fungi of India. Rhexoacrodictys erecta (Ellis and Everh.) Baker and Morgan-Jones is being recorded for the first time from freshwater habitats in India. Cancellium applanatum Tubaki, Cirrenalia indica Vasant Rao and Reddy and Torula caligans (Batista and Upadhyay) Ellis are being recorded for the first time from Maharashtra state. The data provides information on the distribution of these fungi in India, apart from their description and illustrations.

Sikkim is a landlocked Indian state located in the Eastern Himalaya. The ‘most backward regions’ often offer ‘the most exotic’ resource-base for the promotion of tourism. This may be applicable for the states located in the Himalaya. For such area, tourism is one of the ways to enhance economic development. The mountain environment of the state is ideally suited for outdoor recreation. This article analyses tourist influx trends in Sikkim in term of domestic and foreign tourist flow and tourist profile. Sikkim has been undertaken for in depth research as it is one of the best Potential sites for the Development of Tourism, and due to development of tourism, movement of people and infrastructure will be more frequent which will help to generate income and capital, resulting local area development.

His Holiness Dr. Sree Sree Shivakumara Swamiji, was Born in 1908 at Veerapura, Magadi Taluk, Bangalore District to Patel Honnappa and Gangamma and had Primary Education at Veerapura & Nagavalli, Secondary Education at Government High School, Tumkur, Pre-University & Graduation at Central College, Bangalore. Hewas initiated into holy order in 1930 by his Guru, His Holiness Sree Sree Uddanashivayogi became Muttadhyaksha of the Mutt in the year 1941. Swamiji is well known to people by his hard work, disciplined life, faith in humanity and sincerity to help the poor and downtrodden. He has profound knowledge of English, Kannada and Sanskrit literatures. He developed educational institution from traditional learning of Sanskrit to the modern science and technology. Sree Swamiji was awarded with the doctor of literature by Karnataka University in 1965. It is his total commitment to the service of humanity that enables Sree swamiji to go through the eighteen - hour daily work schedule even at this age also. Sree Swamiji created a cosmopolitan atmosphere in the mutt in which people belonging to all religion and creeds can work together for common aims and objectives Swamiji counsels and sympathizes the persons with sickness, worries or troubled various kinds of personal problems. People very much desire his gracious presence in many religious, cultural, social and educational functions and conferences.

A great challenge for organizations is the continuous necessity to reduce the cost of their products and services. This makes companies seek to adopt appropriated methodologies to obtain information that can assist in the process of decision making. This study aims to contribute, through an empirical research, for the discussion about the methods of costing processes. This article examines a pilot implementation of Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC) inside the laboratories of an Electrical Energy Research Center, in the area of Certification (CERT) and the Engines Laboratory (LABEX), through an action research. To achieve the objectives, the research was divided into six distinct phases. From the analysis of the results, it was able to recognize that the method bring out satisfactory results in its implementation, such as providing more accurate costing information for decision making.

Healthcare facilities has generally been identified as a major indicator of development and social well being of a society. It is a major complement to a strong, dynamic and progressive society. Health infrastructure is an important indicator to understand the health care delivery provisions andmechanisms in a region. This paper is an attempt to find out the level of health infrastructure in Dakshin Dinajpur. This paper also tries to identify the existing gaps in health care facilities and to provide some recommendations for improvement of infrastructure facilities to ensure the better service.

The Government of Karnataka appointed a High Power Committee under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Shashil Namoshi (now Hon’ble Shri Sunil Vallyapur) during October 2008 to implement the Nanjundappa Committee Recommendations. This Committee is also to look after the planning and monitoring of the implementation of Special Development Plan (SDP) in consultation with the various Government Departments. The Nanjundappa Committee in its various meetings held at the State level has given guidelines for preparing Action Plans and for implementation of various schemes in the 114 backward taluks. During 2007-08, all the investment made in the backward taluks is estimated under SDP, which are now being made more realistic.

The main purpose of this study was to analyse the impact of “Naraashans Diamond Cricket” (S. Tariq Murtaza et.al. 2014) on the selected cricket specific motor fitness variables and psychological behavior on the Students of Cricket Specialization in AMU, Aligarh. The present study was conducted on a sample of fifteen students N (=15) who had chosen cricket as specialization in their courses i.e. B.P.Ed & M.P.Ed in which Boys & Girls participated. The age of the participants ranging between 18 and 25 years from the Department of Physical Education, A.M.U., Aligarh. All the participants were informed about the aim and methodology of the study and they volunteered to participate in this study. To see the better effect of “Naraashans Diamond Cricket” the study was carried out in three phases i.e. Phase I (Pre-test) for evaluation of student’s past learning that where they are standing before entering in the Phase II (Application of the game i.e. 25 matches lasting to 7 days and two matches each in morning and evening) of the study, and al last to check the effect of Phase II. Phase III (Post-test) of the study was conducted to assess, what they learnt by the activity conducted in the Phase II. By comparing the average values of Pre-test to Post-test, it was found that the timing of the running between the wickets was decreased hence speed increased, the endurance level enhanced significantly, the anxiety level reduced but the throwing accuracy slightly decreased because of the shoulder injury faced by players due to excess repetition of throws. The throwing accuracy could have also increased by decreasing the repetition of throws. The t-test was applied to assess the effectiveness of “Naraashans Diamond Cricket” in relation to Pre & Post tests. The findings of the present study reveled that there is no significant difference is found between the Pre & Post test.

The Present study depend on demogra phical factor. Three basic factors mainly human fertility, mortality and mobility are determined the growth of population. The growth of population is an indicator of its economic development and social awaking. Difference between human fertility and mortality is called natural population growth and many factors are responsible for increasing the natural growth of population. The geographic personality of any area will be change with population growth.

The study was conducted on higher secondary students in Tiruchirappalli district. A total sample of 250 college teachers was chosen. A self made questionnaire was used to collect the data which was treated with statistical techniques. Results revealed that not significant variation in the barriers of using educational technology among arts and science college teachers with to their gender, Subject, locality of college and type of college.

This paper points to the interrelation of autonomous research of conceptual propositions of cultural eventfulness of architectural students and the cathartic eventfulness of the same students while producing a specific pedagogical ambience of public/personal, which is to be homogenized by the two arts lecturers on the spot. This research evaluates transitional relations between catharsis, cultural concept and communication in the context of the Expression Plastique Studio, as an academic active Space, which in many aspects questions the creative-plastic reflection of the architectural students between non-market and market values.

Aim: to search the effect of gender and area of residence of intercollegiate players. Hypothesis: Boys’ intercollegiate players will be significantly high self concept than the girls’ intercollegiate players. Second hypothesis: urban intercollegiate players will be significantly high self concept than the rural intercollegiate players. Sample: For the present study 100 Sample were belongings to Aurangabad, 100 players among them 50 boys intercollegiate players and 50 girls intercollegiate players. The age range of subjects was 18-25 years. Tools: 1) Self Concept Inventory: This inventory developed by Dr. Mukta Rani Rastogi. Result: Boys’ intercollegiate players had significantly high self concept than the girls’ intercollegiate players. Second hypothesis: urban intercollegiate players had significantly high self concept than the rural intercollegiate players.

The review concentrates on the generation of effective navigation system for visually impaired person. The GPS has been successfully used in practice during recent year for navigational system. However, much of the work has focused on the use of a RFID tags and object tracking using passive RFID and integration of GPS and GSM. Hence, this research area is also reviewed in this paper. Also significant developments and technical trends in the area of navigation systems are reviewed.

The review concentrates on the generation of effective navigation system for visually impaired person. The GPS has been successfully used in practice during recent year for navigational system. However, much of the work has focused on the use of a RFID tags and object tracking using passive RFID and integration of GPS and GSM. Hence, this research area is also reviewed in this paper. Also significant developments and technical trends in the area of navigation systems are reviewed.

The author, through this paper, intends to give a message that the self-help groups and self employment are the approaches through which the rural poor people especially the rural women can be empowered socially and economically as well. Though for ages the government has been implementing a variety of schemes and programmes for the poverty alleviation and employment generation in the rural area, but the economic condition of the rural people has not much changed as it has been expected. Hence, people started to look for other alternatives. One of the alternatives is that of formation of Self-Help Groups and eventually getting the self-employment. For this the rural poor people had to be motivated and given the advantages of remaining and participating in the SHGs. If the SHGs are linked with the banks, financial institutions, they are in the plus points. The author has highlighted the points which enumerate the enriching and empowering aspects of the women folk after they have formed and joined themselves in the SHGs. Their self-confidence has increased and the decision making power has rightly clicked to them.

Densities and ultrasonic velocity of the binary mixtures of Densities and ultrasonic velocity of the binary mixtures of 1-butanol with toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, and o-xylene were measured at 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15 K over the entire composition range. The experimental data were used to calculate excess molar volumes (VE), deviations in isentropic compressibility (??s). These results were fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation and the results have been discussed in terms of molecular interaction and structural effects. The excess properties were found to be either positive or negative depending up on the molecular interactions and the nature of liquid mixtures

The first dimension is sense of self and vision of a future covers assertiveness, actions indicating a sense of security, and not experiencing visibility as shameful (Hashemi & Schuler, 1993). They explains increased assertivenes a sign of transformation in a woman’s self-perception is often expressed in such seemingly simple actions as not leaving the road when a man appears, not hiding behind her saree or burka, talking directly with men and outsiders, being outspoken, and looking men and outsiders in the eyes, rather than looking down. This was interpreted as an interpersonal or subjective state and concluded that this dimension of empowerment was best measured by participant’s observation in communities. The second dimension identified was mobility and visibility, as the previous dimension Not Modest already measured visibility. This dimension is limited to measure women’s mobility, and actions that involve women leaving the home.

This research aims at accessing the growth of Pharmaceutical Industry in Guntur. And to find out the factors that are suitable for the growth of Pharmaceutical industry. In recent times the pharmaceutical industry has shown high interest in India due to its sustained economic growth, healthcare reforms and patent related legislation. The spending powers of Indian have consistently increased. Owing to a stressful lifestyle the number of chronic disease patients have increased. The market is expected to rise three fold in coming decade. My research aims to highlight the growth factors of Guntur pharmaceutical industry making use of collected information. So this research intends to find out the whether sales of drugs and medicines have increased or not on some factors and also to find out whether there are adequate job opportunities. The objective of this study is to find out whether Guntur is suitable for Pharmaceutical industry.

Job satisfaction is increasingly becoming important in the workplace. Employers now recognize that the ‘happier’ their employees are, the better will be their attitudes towards the work, the higher their motivation and the better will be their performance. Job satisfaction in any field of work depends a lot on how conducive the work environment is. The work itself, the pay and the scope for promotion are only some of the factors which have an impact on job satisfaction. Supportive organizational culture may raise the level of job satisfaction of teacher educators and satisfied teacher educators may prepare effective teachers who in turn may produce healthy, satisfied and creative minds in the schools. The present study focuses on organizational culture as an antecedent of job satisfaction of teacher educators in B.Ed. colleges. The study was conducted on a sample of 214 teacher educators teaching in B.Ed. colleges affiliated to the University of Mumbai. The study adopted the descriptive method of the correlational type. The results of data analysis exhibit that there is a positive and strong relationship between total job satisfaction of teacher educators with their total organizational culture. Thus, more conducive the organizational culture, higher is likely to be the job satisfaction of teacher educators. It was also found that among the organizational culture dimensions, consistency, adaptability and mission are the antecedents with the biggest effect on organizational commitment. Another culture dimension, involvement, shows negative influence on job satisfaction of teacher educators.

The professional reintegration is the direction of the person subject to the labor market, therefore, this article aims to analyze the professional reintegration of penitentiary reeducating my previous eating habits in the job market in the city of Cacoal/RO. The research was made by inductive method, with the type of research exploratory and descriptive and qualitative approach. The techniques of data collection were the bibliographic research, semi-structured interviews, observation does not participant with a non-probabilistic sample intentionally and by accessibility applied to 36 inmates in the process of reintegration and 16 companies in the municipality. The main results show that there is availability of work for reeducating my previous eating habits according to their skills, personal and professional skills, and do not have greater difficulties to keep them, however, the employer on the other hand, receives the reeducating my previous eating habits with sensitivity in order to help you. In this way the inmates say not to suffer discrimination on the part of colleagues, which is a good thing, because the discrimination is almost a path for the recurrence. The assistance was gained by APAC the majority, said they had a great service. The predominant companies are small- and medium-sized businesses, whichever the follow-up of industrial and public company. In relation to reeducating my previous eating habits, the employer does not seek to know the life particular then and can affirm that not discriminate, but make it very clear that there is a clear lack of professional part of them.

Comparative study on zooplankton diversity in two lentic freshwater bodies ( Jannapura and Santhekadur tanks) of Shimoga district, Karnataka was carried out during January to December 2008 in order to access the status of zooplankton population in relation to water quality parameters. Zooplankton were represented by 5 groups like Cladocera, Copepoda, Rotifera, Ostracoda and Protozoa. A total of 26 and 21 species of zooplankton were recorded from Jannapura and Santhekadur tanks respectively and rotifers dominates all other groups in both tanks. In Jannapura tank, rotifera was dominant with 8 species followed by Copepoda (7species), Cladocera (6 species) , Protozoa (3 species) and Ostracoda ( 2 species). However, in Santhekadur tank rotifera with 6 species followed by Copepoda & Cladocera with 5 species and Protozoa by 4 species and Ostracoda with single species respectively.