Historiography refers to both the study of the methodology of historians and development of history as a discipline, and also to a body of historical work on a particular subject. The historiography of a specific topic covers how historians have studied that topic using particular sources, techniques, and theoretical approaches. Scholars discuss historiography topically – such as the "historiography of the British Empire," the "historiography of early Islam", or the "historiography of China" – as well as different approaches and genres, such as political history or social history. Beginning in the nineteenth century, with the ascent of academic history, a body of historiographic literature developed. Postmodernism taught that texts allow many interpretations and that there is nothing other than the text. Its attacks on “essentialism” made it much harder to use “history” in such a way as to attribute will or agency to it, or even a capacity to teach.

Rondônia lives the great economic growth in fish farming. In the case of creation of Arapaima (Arapaima gigas, Cuvier, 1829) - the species economically interesting for the fish - it has a great potential for breeding and fattening, added to its high market value. Therefore, the objective of this study is to ASSESS the economic viability in nurseries of Arapaima (Arapaima gigas, Cuvier, 1829), in a case study of three lots of fish - located in the municipality of Ji-Parana, Rondonia / Amazon / Brazil - for the analysis of the cost of Their acquisition, training up to the point of Their marketing.

Fish farming has been presented as a viable alternative to the State of Rondonia, where the permanence of this activity depends on the development of efforts to finance the supply of needs found in the deployment and maintenance of activity. The present study aimed to characterize the activity of fish farming in central south region of Rondonia, and raise the main barriers to production and marketing. The research is exploratory and descriptive, and it was characterized as a case study of a qualitative nature. We used semi-structured interviews applied to Mr. Megumi Yokoyama.

what is philosophy? If such question ask various defied is possible. As ‘Clarification of thought’ or ‘philosophy is activity’ according to Wittgenstein, but when it comes to hermuniticus tradition it may say ‘philosophy is interpretation’. In daily life we find varies incident or we reade various text, article but question is how we interpret it or understand it. TO understand such thing what importance we given as grammar, language, social culture back ground of author, text, incident or article itself or author intention. This is one of imported question arise by hermeneutical philosophy within early philosopher concept are given in this article.

Agriculture has been the backbone of the Indian Economy with the sector employing a large proportion of the Indian popula- tion. However, in the more recent years, it has been plagued by declining growth rates farmer suicides and fall in International competitiveness. This paper analyses the issues facing the agricultural sector, areas to improve productivity and the export potential of the sector. An attempt has been made to analyse the recent initiatives taken by the Government in the Union Budget 2015-16 and their impact on the sector.

The celebration of nation nessless by theorists and advocates of globalization jettisons the foundational rolesof nation, nationalism, ethnicism, identity and by assumption reduces the efficacy of the project of Postcolonialism. As the sovereignty of the subjective state is the raison d’être of Post colonialism, the agency of the nation cannot be undermined by the rhetoric of ‘shadow lines’, ‘global world’,‘shrinking globe’, ‘spatio-temporal conflation’ and the like. The project of nationalism cannot be obfuscated under the rubric of globalization as evidently one of the principal dangers confronting the modern state is the resurgence of nationalism in different parts of the world (Chatterjee 1993:3); we cannot remain mute to the discordant cries of nationalism emanating from the countries of the Middle East, South East and Africa.

This study attempts to explore the impac t of HR prac t i ces on employees’ job satisfaction in the context of selected bpo companies in Coimbatore district. The world of human resource management is changing more rapidly than we can imagine. Recogni z ing these challenges of the organization has created the need for fundamental advances in human resource management.

Modem age is the age of information and Communication Technology (ICT) Twentieth Century is said to have exper ienced a communi cat ion revolution, At the ,centre of this revolut ion are communi cat ion technologies, The recent revolutionary developments in communication and information technology have opened up cost effective approaches for providing the reach of education to the youth as well as to those who need continuing education for meeting the demands of fast changing society. Therefore, there must, also be a vision for shaping the contours of education which is outward-facing, globallyintegrating, sustainably developing, technology-exploring, partnership-building and information networking in the current age of information technology revolution which is witnessing the reduction in the cost of transmitting information.

Modem age is the age of information and Communication Technology (ICT) Twentieth Century is said to have exper ienced a communi cat ion revolution, At the ,centre of this revolut ion are communi cat ion technologies, The recent revolutionary developments in communication and information technology have opened up cost effective approaches for providing the reach of education to the youth as well as to those who need continuing education for meeting the demands of fast changing society. Therefore, there must, also be a vision for shaping the contours of education which is outward-facing, globallyintegrating, sustainably developing, technology-exploring, partnership-building and information networking in the current age of information technology revolution which is witnessing the reduction in the cost of transmitting information.

It is said that prosperity of a country depends on the progress of industrialization which has direct impact in the economic development of the country. At the same time necessarily industries are required to play an important role towards discharging the social responsibility to the locality and to the society at large.

Vijayanagara was a celebrated name in the history of South India. In the medieval times glory of the Vijayanagara empire glow brilliantly. In medieval times trade and commerce, other economic activities like industries flourished and played an important role in the rise and growth of cities and towns. The city Vijayanagara emerged as capital city and became a centre of various religious sects, centre of trade and commerce and of artistic and cultural activities.

Succession planning is a process whereby an organization ensures that employees are recruited and developed to fill each key role within the company. Through your succession planning process, you recruit superior employees, develop their knowledge, skills, and abilities, and prepare them for advancement or promotion into ever more challenging roles.

Mobile commerce means "the delivery of electronic commerce capabilities directly into the consumer’s hand, anywhere and anytime via wireless technology. Many choose to think of Mobile Commerce as meaning "a retail outlet in your customer’s pocket." Providing a wider reach or Accessibility: It becomes easier for users to use anywhere and anytime through their mobile phones. Mobile Commerce (M-Commerce) is an emerging business paradigm in which the buying and selling of products and services is done through mobile equipment. These equipments are mobile phones such as Smart phone or hand held wireless devices. Mobile Commerce is the type of E-Commerce activities performed by using a mobile device such as Smart phone or any hand held wireless device, which make possible transactions through a wireless telecommunication network . Keywords :

Rural Development will be successful only when it goes along with the development of human resource, employment generation and infrastructural development. Andhra Pradesh has been facing with many problems of unemployment, illiteracy, racial discrimination, lack of motivation from families and the society too, inadequate both financial and nonfinancial assistance from the government, inability to provide updated technology especially still lagging behind other states in infrastructure development. Absence of industrial establishment is considered to be one of the reasons for economic backwardness of the state. So far the participation of private sector undertaking in employment generation is very low and most of the people cannot rely a livelihood on it. In this connection Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) is playing an important role in the generation of employment opportunities through rural industrialization.

This research paper explores the level of environmental awareness among primary school teachers. The teacher is the bone of society and he plays a very important role in the development of student’s personality. So if a teacher will aware about environmental problems, he can play an important role in developing environmental awareness among students. Awareness to environment is horizon sweeping ward and presents the totally of social, biological and psychochemical factors individually or collectively that comprise the natural and manmade surroundings. The term”environment” therefore can cover the whole spectrum of science and humanities.

In the current scenario of increased urbanization and rampant globalization, the children here are very confused. There is a lot of stress on achievement and performance from the teachers and parents. Till now we see that in school much of emphasis is on developing skills of memorization and retention. A skill is seen as related to the mastery of a particular subject and not as it would be applied in real life. A lot of thought and efforts are required on how to bring in life skills education into the mainstream of curriculum. The educational institutions need to develop conceptual and practical framework of the programme which should be applied at all levels of schooling starting from pre-primary, extending to primary, middle and the secondary stage.

Jai Nimbkar’s Come Rain is the novel of the American and Indian Ways of life in which the heroine, Ann comes to live in India after her marriage with an Indian boy, Ravi. So, the delineation of the diverse ways sometime creates the problem to the protagonist in a different cultural background. The present paper focuses on the culture of the two nations as well as the different social beliefs, behavioral pattern and the social relationship. It also studies the multi-coloured customs, languages, food, rituals of the two countries which create the problems to the protagonist of the novel to maintain the good and sound relationship.

The present work deals with review of ethnobotanical uses of Acalypha indica L. family Euphorbiaceae is commonly known as Kupi, Khokali. The plant has been used widely by traditional practitioners for the treatment of various diseases. The Leaves, root, stalks (young shoots) and flowers are used in medicine. It has Cathartic, Anthelmintic, expectorant, emetic, anodyne and hypnotic properties. The therapeutic properties of Acalypha in Ayurveda and Siddha texts are discussed in detail in this article. The plants also used in the treatment of domestic animals. Keywords :

Social Realism took a new turn in the twentieth century. The term “Social realism” has been extended to signify the reality of one’s psyche and inner self. It does not mean only external reality but inner landscape of one’s mind. It means a reaction against a number of things that were thought in the mid 19th century to be unreal - Gothic romance, picaresque, adventure, allegorical fantasy, classic composure, conservative morality. As an aesthetic form, social realism comes into view not only for literary but for political art in the exhibition of 1855 by Courbet. Flaubert’s theory of social realism is concerned with the professional procedures of a novelist, conceived with a scientific detachment, a coolness and care, in the observation.

The Family Allowance Social Welfare Program, created in 2003, has been became the largest social program of the federal government, with significant impact on the reduction of poverty and the poverty in the country. Above all something addition, this program is contributing to the reduction of social inequalities the positive impacts that expand the number of areas such as health, education and guarantees of social inclusion. However, the program has become reason of several discussions in other areas of social policy, receiving criticism due to its possible negative impacts, because in some ways the program can contribute to the stagnation and conformism of many beneficiaries.

The organic agriculture is increasing, but less expressive, following the tendency observed in other countries inside the European Union. This study analyses the basic characteristics and the profitability of small organic producers of Cacoal, which identified the personal characteristics and cultivation focusing mainly on economic characteristics. To be economically viable is part of the objectives of organizations seeking remain in a market where consumers value the companies that are committed to the environment. We performed a descriptive exploratory, inductive method and quantitative, using production costs and other related items for the indices of profitability and profitability of production.

The banks play an important role in the economic development of every nation. They have control over a large part of the supply of money in circulation. A bank is a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and channels those deposits into lending activities. The banks are a fundamental component of the financial system and are also active players in financial markets. The financial performance refers to the achievement of the bank in terms of profitability.

Globalization in the business theater is driving companies toward a new view of quality as a necessary tool to complete successfully in worldwide markets. A direct outcome of this new emphasis is the philosophy that strives for customer satisfaction by seeking zero defects in products and services. Total quality management is a system for satisfying internal and external customers and suppliers through both continuous improvements and break through results –results that ultimately change organizational structure.

Entrepreneurship is the act of setting out on our own and starting a business instead of working for someone else in the business. While entrepreneurs must deal with a larger number of obstacles and fears than hourly or salaried employees, the payoff may be far greater as well. Women entrepreneurs are playing a vital role in the economical development of rural as well as semi urban areas. It empowers the women to become confident and independent in managing the own enterprise as well as her family.

In the recent years, variety of rising problems square measure sitting serious challenges to the little and medium sized enterprises (SME’s) in Asian country. Hence, these enterprises enter the new era, dramatic challenges begun like establishing new enterprises, economic process, monetary constraints, high turnover, low motivation among workers, lack of human capital building, and additional challenges ahead. Therefore understanding the issues and challenges square measure basic solutions to expand and strategize SME’s to future progress and grows. so this text examines the background and challenges face by SME’s that play a significant role within the nation growth.

Growing urbanisation is one of the major problem in India. Unless there is a proper planning this problem is not going to help for economic development of the nation but it will create major serious problems to the Indian economy. Therefore, it is very essential to give the attention towards the various determinants of the town planning, various dimensional is of planning in the cities and towns and most important is various elements that needs to be given proper attention while preparing the plan for city.

Groups that need to make decisions or engage in a planning process often find that using a trained facilitator makes this process more efficient and easier for everyone involved. A good facilitator can keep meetings focused on the subject of discussion or on dealing with the problem at hand; remind participants to consider the broader context of the issues; provide a neutral perspective and manage the process; move meetings along in a timely manner; help the group achieve useful meeting outcomes; and give the group a sense of accomplishment.

Structuralism a Modern intellectual movement which began in France in the 1905. It first seen in the work of anthropologist claude Levi-Straussand literary critic Roland Barthes. Throughout the 19th centaury and early 20th century, philology, not the linguistics was the Science of language. The Philologist’s described compared, analyzed the language of the world to discover similarity and relationship. Their approach to language study was diachronic. Their Philologist’s main emphasis was the historical development of all languages. They were the supporters of the mimetic theory of language. According to mimetic theory. Symbol equals things.

Status of Women is defined “ as the extent to which women have access to knowledge, economic resources, political power as well as the degree of autonomy they have in decision making and ownership over physical and environment rights in their life-cycle” (United Nations:1975). The issue of status of women has proven to be a matter of intense research and debate all over the world. It is one of the achievements of the present day discourses and practices concerning development, that “women” and “gender” have come to occupy relatively prominent places within them. Development in India and its states has not been equitable; and men and women have benefitted differently from development and progress, be it in the economic or on the political front. The social environment further exacerbates and reinforces this difference in development.

According to Sinhalese tradition, Buddhism took root in Sri Lanka soon after the arrival of Sam rat Asoka’s son the Mahindra and six monks. These monks were converted king Devanampiya Tessa and much of the nobility. Sri Lanka has been long associated and its impact on the nations Society, culture, gender, and history to the earliest surviving chronicles from the island, long before the arrival of Buddhism to this beautiful Lanka was inhabited by aborigines comprising of tribes known as Yekhas (demon worshipers) and the cobra worshipers and the Gods. The first known inhabitant of the island arrived about 3500years ago, according to earliest sources like archaeological evidence like event of minute granite tools earthen ware remnants of charred timbers and burial plots, since the people from places like India, Portugal Middle East, etc.

We all make value judgments in our daily lives such as ‘this food is excellent’, ‘I could not sleep well last night’. I don’t encourage speaking lies’, I think this is wonderful, these all judgments based upon our preferences, indictors, assessments and the bases on which they are made may vary markedly from person to person. There is no uniform yardstick with which we measure them. A particular food may be ‘excellent’ to one person but awful to another person, and something else could be felt ‘wonderful’ by one person but ugly by another. These expressions or feelings come out of certain criteria in our minds or in relation to our expectations, no doubt. If anyone wants to discover the truth behind all judgments, then knowledge of reasonable factors is indispensable in social research. Those factors may be termed as indicators or variables without which no research could be fruitfully carried out. Hence, this paper focuses on variables and their significance in undertaking variety of studies in social science research.

The main objective of this essay is the importance of analyzing the proposal and discuss critical issues on the use of planning tools and ordination of activities, such as ZEE - Ecological and Economic Zoning, to guide the balanced management of Brazilian territory and planning practice environment in order to recover, preserve, conserve and manage the natural environment in order to ensure sustainable development. And to achieve this goal will be enhanced initially understanding the historical context of the law.

Due to the constant need of improvements and an increase in production in enterprises, together with the growing demand for security for workers by removing them from unhealthy areas, the use of industrial automation using robots has become as a criterion for differential competitiveness between companies in Brazil, as well as occurs in Alpha company, leader in the segment of banking automation in our country.

The topic of the paper is “Fringe In the present dispensation, education can clearly increase workers’ human capital and productivity, which make them more valuable to society. Non-formal education (NFE) programme is not left out. The aims and objectives NFE are so embracing that it can make individuals to be self-fulfilled, self-reliant, above all self-actualized. Hence the research topic: “Non-formal as an instrument for empowering women in Enugu State, Nigeria.” Four research questions guided the study. The population for the study was 3,200 women drawn from six (6) autonomous communities that were selected for the study.

This article presents two aspects of mobile code security, namely the protection of hosts receiving a malicious mobile code and the protection of a mobile code within a malicious host. Mobile code is code which traverses through the network in its Life time and executes at the destination machine. Proof carrying code is a technique by which a host can verify the code adheres to a predefined set of safety rules. These rules (safety policy) are chosen by the host in such way that they are sufficient guarantees for safe behavior of mobile code programs. The key idea behind proofcarrying code is that the code producer is required to create a formal safety proof that assets to the fact that that the code respects the defined safety policy.

In this paper an attempt will be made to discuss on classifiers from different perspectives. Classifiers are always used as prefix and attached to numerals in Boro language. Classifiers are found either in bound or free form in this language. Bound form classifiers are mostly monosyllabic. On the other hand, free form classifiers are either monosyllabic or disyllabic and are the classifiers having independent meanings which are either noun or verb. A noun when used as classifier can directly take a numeral but a verb working as classifier can never take a numeral directly.

Game has been considered as a physical try right from the antiquated times. Then again, as the spots researchers started to investigate this field, they began seeing it as a greater amount of psychophysical element and not just physical one. At the end of the day, it is not just the physical qualities like quality, rate, perseverance, adaptability and so forth which are obliged to succeed in games, however the mental perspectives like identity, inspiration, knowledge and various social attributes like collaboration, generosity, values, modification and so forth. are likewise similarly imperative for magnificence in aggressive games.

The relationship between labour and management is based on mutual adjustment of interests and goals. Both employers and employees try to augment their respective resources and improve their power position. The major issue involved in the industrial relation process are terms of employment, wages, allowances, bonus, fringe benefits, working conditions, leave, working hours, a conditions regarding health, safety and welfare, non employment including job security, personal issues such as discipline, promotional opportunities and reorganization of trade unions. So, in view of the sharply divided rival claims the objectives of labour and management are not amenable to easy reconciliation. Moreover, the means adopted to achieve the objectives which vary from simple negotiation to economic welfare adversely affect the community’s interest in maintaining as uninterrupted and high level of production.However, the state with the legislative task of balancing the conflicting interest in the arena of labour management relations process has also remained active .The present paper will analyse different process involved in the adjudication of industrial disputes in India.

The Digital Elevation Model and field data of Lanja region from southern most Konkan Coastal Belt was studied to recognize various tectonic structures and associated landscape features,which helped to inferstructures of strong extensional and a relatively weak horizontal compressive stress. The former is characterized by a group of N-S trending westerly dipping listric normal faults associated with synthetic and antithetic faults which reveal the presence of a half graben structure. This structure is responsible for the development of fault bounded blocks across the Lanja region,exhibiting plateau in west, low land at the centre, and sub-Ghat and the scarp in east. The NW-SE and ENE-WSW oriented conjugate lineaments have crosscutting relationship to N-S trending half graben structures and are the result of WNW oriented compressive stress which appears to be imposed by intra-plate stress field prevailing in the Central Indian Ocean.