ne of the disturbing demographic features of resent time is the skewed child sex ratios (CSR) and Odisha is Ono longer exception to this. The remarkable steady decline of CSR observed in the state following national trends in some of the demographic features with wide regional variation due to specific socio-economic and cultural practices. This study found that geographical spread of low CSR has been expanding over the years. This is primarily caused by rising trends of sex differential in infant and child mortality and differential rate of sex selective abortion.

During the Sangam age Tamilnadu was divided politically into many small ‘nadus’ or mandalams such asPallava, Chola, Pandya, Aruvanadu, Kongu. Some parts in Kongu as well as in later Pandya country. ie. Palani is known for its unique history, culture, civilization, art and traditions. There are evidences from literature and stone engravings, and it was also under the control of the Pandyas and the Madurai Nayaks. Palani has its name inscribed and imprinted in some inscriptions and other sources. Here various archaeological significance have been detected. In ancient times it has been used as the centre of Kongu country

Studies show that the society has metamorphosed itself, and in this sphere also, education and its aspects have been transformed, adapting to a new reality. In this sense, in the present study, we chose the category Sof special education and, from it, we sought to glimpse its meaning and the conditions in which the teacher is inserted in that context. In order to contemplate this proposal, theoretical support was sought in different authors as Almeida (2003), Fonseca (1991), Freire (2002), Mazzotta (1993), Picchi (2002), among others, to contextualize the problem of special education, especially those scholars who have highlighted interest in the condition of inclusive education.

This paper aims to analyze the issue of Collective Security system in United Nations. This article underlines the presence of the Collective Security concept in League of Nations Covenant and its continuation in United Nations Charter. With the explain of Covenant and Charter Article details regarding Collective Security it explore that what are the causes and consequences of failures of proper implementation of Collective Security concept at the international floor. After analyzing the problem, it puts forth few suggestions to resolve the problem on the current scenario.

Attachment is a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space. Attachments greatly impact social, emotional and cognitive development. Depression among adolescents has emerged as a major mental health problem. Depression might be particularly strongly linked during adolescence and young adulthood. The study was conducted in Hisar District of Haryana state. All the adolescents studying in 9th and 10th standard falling in the age group 15 – 16 years were included in the sample for the study. Maternal attachment was taken as dependent variable. Inventory of parent-peer attachment (IPPA) by Armsden and Greenberg (1987) was used to assess the maternal attachment. Depression was taken as independent variables. Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) by Beck, Steer and Garbin (1988) was used to assess the depression. Result revealed that significant differences in depression on the basis of trust, communication and alienation were observed. This elaborated that relationship with mothers makes a significant impact on mental health of adolescents. Mean scores reflected that the adolescents reporting high trust on mothers was significantly less depressed than adolescents perceiving low trust on mothers. Further, mean scores of depression of adolescents reporting high communication with mothers was significantly less than adolescents reporting below average and average level of communication with mothers respectively. This shows that adolescents who communicate more with their mothers were less depressed. Significant differences were further observed in the mean scores of depression of adolescents categorized under low alienation from mothers and significantly different from adolescents perceiving average and high alienation relationship with mothers. Statistically significant differences in depression scores on the basis of maternal attachment were observed. Mean scores reflected that adolescents reporting strongly secure attachment with their mothers were significantly less depressed than adolescents perceiving strongly insecure attachment with their mothers.

Autilização do concreto protendido tem sido muito difundo atualmente, já são muitos os projetos que optam por este processo construtivo. Desta forma, este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar a eficiência do processo executivo desde a marcação do terreno até a concretagem e protensão do radier, e uma análise comparativa de custos dos materiais entre a fundação em radier protendido e os radiers em concreto armado. Para tanto adotou-se como método analisar os aspectos construtivos e econômicos. Desta forma foram feitos apenas os estudos dos quantitativos e preços dos materiais para cada radier. Portanto, conclui-se que os resultados desses estudos de caso mostraram que o radier em concreto protendido permitiu uma redução na espessura da laje, porém para o caso estudado apresentou um custo total maior, devido ao emprego de concreto com maior resistência à compressão, necessidade de armaduras passivas, ancoragens e custo das cordoalhas, respectivamente, não foram considerados os custos de mão de obra e as operacionais de aplicação da protensão no radier.

Este artigo tem como proposta identificar os significados do trabalho das mulheres pescadoras de camarão, as relações de gênero, por meio da memória e do cotidiano das mulheres da comunidade da Salvação, no município de Alenquer – PA, baixo Amazonas no espaço geográfico amazônico. A pesquisa de campo realizada no ano de 2016, que envolveu a observação, entrevistas e, quando permitido, registros fotográficos e gravações de áudio, nos consentiu trazer para a discussão acadêmica as relações de gênero na pesca, contida na temática da mulher amazônica, sua territorialização e, principalmente, os significados do trabalho. As mulheres pescadoras de camarão encontram, cotidianamente, questões envolvendo as relações e aos papeis de gênero. Para compreender todo o processo de trabalho da pesca, que se inicia na terra, é necessário reconhecer os múltiplos significados inseridos em toda dinâmica do trabalho. Esó assim, seremos capazes de compreender as reais necessidades dessas mulheres. Portanto, é necessário o aprofundamento desta discussão acerca da temática no âmbito das relações de trabalho e seus significados trazendo à tona a questão do gênero na Amazônia.

The objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of constructivist teaching strategies using multimedia on academic achievement of students in teaching Biological science. Experimental method was adopted for this study. The sample consisted of 50 8th class English Medium students of Tagore Memorial High School in Raichur. The investigator prepared lesson plans based on BSCS 5E Model, achievement test and Ravens Progressive Matrices. Data was analyzed by Mean, SD, and t-test. Findings revealed that constructivist teaching strategies using multimedia caused a significantly better academic achievement for secondary school students than the traditional teaching methods.

The idea of teacher training in India had actually been emerged from the ‘monitorial system’ prevalent during ancient period. The formal teacher education programme in India started its’ journey with the training of primary school teachers by the Christian missionaries at the end of the eighteenth century. The training of primary school teachers was imparted in training school, popularly known as the ‘Normal’ school. The Danish Missionaries established the first teacher training institution (Normal School) at Serampore in 1793 for the training of primary school teachers. Gradually, the training of primary school teachers began to develop in various parts of the country and at the end of the nineteenth century the primary teachers’ training expanded rapidly in all the provinces of British India. Initiatives for training of teachers were taken both by the private sector and government sector. In the present paper, the researcher has made an attempt to study the scenario of normal schools or training schools in some provinces of British India, excluding Madras, Bombay and Bengal.

India has been battling with many problems concerned with the economy. Banking sector’s health is one of the dark spots of the economy as instead of showing growth it faces a constant threat of being trapped under the burden of debt. This is primarily due to the inability of big corporate houses to repay the loans taken.The problem of NPAs has become a chronic one for public sector banks. Similarly corporates also face a huge strain on their financial soundness due to various reasons including market sluggishness. The problem faced by public sector banks is directly linked to that of the corporate sector.The way the overleveraged balance sheets of corporate houses impacts the health and profitability of public sector banks which is ultimately reflected in their balance sheets is what is referred to as the “Twin balance sheet problem”.This problem is a legacy of boom of the mid 2000s where companies launched various new projects worth several lakhs of crores of rupees with the help of credit taken from banks. It relates to distressed and overleveraged companies and increasing NPAs in the public sector banks. Due to this issue, banks suffer from the sting of stressed assets which carry very less probability of revival. The emergence of problem can be traced to the time when banks were reluctant to recognize NPAs and followed the policy of ever-greening loans. The present study focuses on the problems faced by both banks and corporates in managing their balance sheets, the reasons for failure of previous measures and the suggestions offered by the economic survey.

Amodel for the photochemistry of the global troposphere constrained by observed concentrations of H 0, 2 O , CO, CH , NO, NO , and HNO is presented. Data for NO and NO are insufficient to define the global A3 4 2 3 2 distribution of these gases but are nonetheless useful in limiting several of the more uncertain parameters of the model. Concentrations of OH, HO , H 0 , NO, NO , NOs, N 0 , HNO , HO NO , CHsO , CH OOH, 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 3 CH 0, and CH CCl are calculated as functions of altitude, latitude, and season. Resuits imply that the source for 2 3 3 7 nitrogen oxides in the remote troposphere is geographically dispersed and surprisingly small, less than 10 tons N 9 -1 -1 yr -1. Global sources for CO and CHn are 1.5 x 10 tons C yr and 4.5 x 10 s tons C yr , respectively. Carbon monoxide is derived from combustion of fossil fuel (15%) and oxidation of atmospheric CH (25%), with the 4 balance from burning of vegetation and oxidation of biospheric hydrocarbons. Production of CO in the northern hemisphere exceeds that in the southern hemisphere by about a factor of 2.

Vléria/AM, is an Amazonian place that it is placed in the rural area of the municipal district of ParintinsAM, border with the state of Pará. It possesses a rich one and diversified natural and cultural tourist attraction. In her they are two identified archeologycal ranches for AM-PT-01 and AM-PT-02, on which the traditional communities are seated São Paulo and Santa Rita of Valéria/AM. Beyond of those cultural heritages there is a partner diversity of material and immaterial patrimonies that it has been attracting since the decade of 70, tourists so much of national and international origin, fact that stays until the contemporary. The present study consisted of understanding the social representations that the residents of the archeological ranch São Paulo / Valéria built about the tourism in the place. For that, the qualitative research of stamp field was accomplished, orientated by the methodological of the Social Representations theoretical presuppositions (RS), the ones which, while knowledge forms, they are anchored in the cognitive sphere and, being the knowledge a social product, they dont tend to be disentailed of the social context in which they emerge, circulate and they are modified (ABRIC, 1994). he/she Stands out that the practice of the tourism in archeological areas requests planning and engagement of the whole community, being of fundamental importance that the residents know and value his/her history, tends the tourism as a form of contributing with the maintenance and preservation of the archeological ranch harnessing what proposes Bartholo (2014) the economy with the market and not for the market. È therefore, a study that raises reflection about the complexity of the practice of the tourism in patrimonial areas of an archeological ranch of the Amazonian.

The attempt of the present study is to evalaute the effect of combined speed and weight jacket training on explosive power among the college male students. To achieve the objective of the study, thirty college level male students are randomly selected as subjects from Government College Attappady. Age of the selected students ranged between 18and 22 years. The subjects (N= 30) are classified into two equal groups of fifteen members each (n=15) strength in random. Group-I went throughcombined speed and weight jacket training for the duration of twelve weeks as three sessions in a week. Second group is named as Group-IIand acted as Control Group, they didn’t do any activity apart from their regular routines. Explosive power is taken as a dependent variable for this study and it is measured by employing the standard test tool of standing broad jump test. The data are collected from two groups prior and immediately after the training protocol. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) is used as a tool to find out the significant differences between the Groups. The level of significance isfixed at P < 0.05 in all aspects. The result of the study shows that the Combined Speed and Weight Jacket Training Group have a significant improvement on explosive power as compared with the Control Group.

G.proxima is one of the indigenous mangrove clam of Dapoli coast and is used as food by the costal people. The attempt have been made to find out protein concentration quantitatively and is confirmed qualitatively.Quantitative estimation of proteins done by Lowry et.al. (1951)Method andits qualitative confirmation done by Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis: (SDS-PAGE). This,protein analysis ofG.proxima, showed variations in protein content in different tissues like foot, testes,ovary and gills in different monthsexcept hepato pancreas. Distinctive stained bands, in case of foot muscle tissue confirmed that it is a tissue that has the high concentration of proteinsfollowed by ovary and gills. Evaluation of the intensity and size of stripes and spots in SDS-PAGE allowed the relative evaluation of protein concentration in the sample.

This study was explored to find out the language learning strategies and learning style preferences of teacher trainees in learning English as a second language in Chennai. A sample of 400 B.Ed. and D.El.Ed. trainees was selected for the study. Oxford’s Strategy Inventory for Language Learning and Joy Reid’s Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data was analyzed by t-test. Results showed that the two most often used language learning strategy of teacher trainees are metacognitive and social strategies and the two most preferred learning styles of teacher trainees are tactile and visual learning styles.

After Independence, the major goal for development was the building of self-reliant nation through maximum utilization of resources and establishment of an egalitarian society. Education was considered as the primary tool for the national development. It has been realized that without proper and equal education opportunities to all, the achievement of economic and social development of newly independent country is not possible. Education for all was the basic thrust of the educational policies and priority has been given to the elementary education in educational planning and in the Constitution of India. Elementary Education sector is the most important sub-sector of the education system, laying the foundations of the education edifice. The goal of universal elementary education encompasses universal access and retention, bridging of gender and social category gaps, and improvement in the quality of education. Government schools are characterized by poor quality infrastructure, less than adequate number of teachers and lack of resources. This paper attempts to analyze the status of elementary education among Scheduled Caste in Shrawasti. This study is mainly focused on the participation and accessibility of school resources by scheduled caste children. The Constitution of India is committed to provide free and compulsory education up to the age of fourteen years to all children, as per Article 45 of the same. Despite several policies and programmes made by the government including Right to Education Act 2009, that aim, to provide free and compulsory education to all children up to elementary level the educational condition of Scheduled Caste children is miserable, They face exclusion in everyday life which push them to drop school.

In this paper, mutual trade relationship between BRICS countries is analyzed. It is analyzed that how much percentage of total import and export of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) countries happen Iwith each other. For this, percentage import & export data of BRICS countries for the period 2005-2016 is taken from World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS), which is integrated data of World Bank and other agencies. For analysis, descriptive approach is followed. Results show that China is the biggest trade partner for other BRICS Countries. All other BRICS countries import 15%-20% of their import from China. But china’s import or export to other BRICS countries is not more than 2% or 3% of China’s total export or import. India’s export to China is falling and Import from china is rising, which may be problematic to India in future. India & Russia trade relation is stable, which has not much changed over the study period. South Africa’s trade is increasing only with India and China. South Africa’s trade with Brazil is small and it is almost negligible with Russia. Brazil’s trade relation has little improved with Russia and India. But it is still small only 2%-3% of Brazil’s total import and export.

Bended learning is actualized in an assortment of ways, ranging from models in which curriculum is completely online with face-to-face interaction to models in which face-to-face classroom instruction is integrated with online components that augment learning beyond the classroom or school day. The quick growth of blended learning has been an impetus for additional instructional transformation, including: i) advancing pedagogy in which teachers roles incorporate facilitation, student mentoring and separating instruction for individual learners, increased adaptability and personalization of studentslearning experiences, and ii) vital uses of technology as areas tap the capacities of the learning management systems to bolster a more extensive scope of instructional programs. Teachers support online learning due to its unique abilities to furnish students with improved learning experiences, to expand learning beyond the school day, and to bolster more successful separated learning strategies that personalize students educational experiences. Also, as teachers acquire more experience with the ways to deal with and advantages of blended learning, they have found that this instructional model encourages them increase capacity without proportionate increases in budget or staff. This report reviews the working definitions of blended learning, investigates efficacy and predominance information, recaps innovative and practical implementation models and gives profiles of a few schools and areas that are experiencing accomplishment with their blended learning programs. The plan is to feature this instructional models development and potential to start new discussions about how blended learning can address a scope of instructional needs in new and highly beneficial ways.

Ateacher being a pivot in the process of teaching and learning, knowledge of ICT and skills to use ICT in teaching-learning has gained immense importance for todays teacher. With the advent and popularization of Internet and World Wide Web, the world has become highly cohesive, and interconnected in nature. In the present technology world, the role of teacher has changed and continues to change from being an instructor to a constructor, facilitator, coach and a creator of learning situation. If a teacher is able to use Internet, www to teach effectively it is a tremendous joy for the learners. In the new technology era the role of classroom teaching is directed toward technology-linked instruction. For the effective use of www the teachers should have positive attitude towards the technology and be aware of information loaded/overload in the Internet. Hence the present study was conducted to find out the attitude of school teachers towards webbased learning. Finding that access to digital communication technology has made learning more interesting and joyful, the investigator of the study stress that teachers should be encouraged through training and support to use web and other IT systems in their teaching.

Standard English today does not depend on accent but rather on shared educational experience, mainly of the printed language. In the present day world, we find that communication skills are demanded for Semployment purposes all over the world. Skills in Communication viz., speaking and writing are basic to social mobility and economic success. Writing involves a different kind of mental process where more time is needed to think, reflect, prepare, and to find alternative and better solutions. Effective writing therefore depends on one’s ability to structure and organize words and sentences into a meaningful whole. Most of the students are reluctant to write as their writing skill ability has not been developed in a proper way due to lack of efficient teachers, proper teaching methods and relevant texts. Print media is one such source that can be blended with education as it bridges the gap between the classroom and the real world. The Experimental method with the Pretest-Post-test Non-equivalent Groups Design was used to conduct the study on a sample of 64 Secondary School Students. A Test on Writing Skill was employed for gathering data.

Hypsometry of a river basin generally involves the assessment and investigation of the relationship between elevation and the degree of dissection of the particular area, which assist us to understand the phases of geomorphic advancement of the area. The present paper considers the Lodhama river basin located in the Eastern Darjeeling Himalayan region as a case study for the hypsometric analysis using Remote Sensing and Arc-GIS method. The study basically aims to identify the regional pattern of hypsometric curve, hypsometric integral and hypsometric anomaly existent in the study area and also tries to understand the impacts of various driving factors controlling the hypsometric integral of the study area. The elevation data are derived and analysed for sub-zones of Lodhama river basin from ASTER-DEM. The Slope and aspect map were prepared from ASTER DEM. Lodhama river basin consists of thirteen sub-river basins among them three sub-basin ( A, B and J) belongs to the positive hypsometric anomalygroup. Tectonic influence map of Lodhama river basin has been prepared by Raster calculator based Weighed Linear Combination method with six selected parameters such as Gravity anomaly map, Isobase slope map, Seismic hazard map, Form factor, Sinuosity index map and Height map. The influence of the tectonic characteristics on the hypsometric of the river basin is moderate in nature. Hypsometric integral value for the entire Lodhama river basin varies from 35% to 75% and the erosional integral varies from 25% to 65%. The average hypsometric integral for the entire basin is 50.2 % which indicates that the area falls in the mature stage of geomorphic evolution with high erosional vulnerability.

India is the only country in Asia-Pacific to implement all the positive measures for the persons with disability and ratified the UNDP convention (UNCRPD) in 2007. Despite, major segment of disabled people in India are Ilack of education, skills and employment and hence, are living in unprecedented conditions of poverty and vulnerability. Within this background, this paper tries to study the spatial variation of levels of literacy and education among the persons with disabilities across states in India and to analyse the nexus between levels of education and employment of the disabled persons based on data from the Census of India, 2011. This paper employs Karl Pearson’s correlation technique to evaluate the association between levels of education and employment. The results unearthed that the level of education among Person With Disability (PWD) are varied across states and higher in more urbanised states than less urbanized states. A positive correlation between higher levels of education and better profession or employment among the PWD has been evident and it is more in urbanized states where not only the literacy among the disabled are better than the rural areas but also the rate of participation in the decent employment is also high.

The present paper attempts to analyze the climate variability in different physiographic regions of Ganga Basin between 1909 and 2002. Temperature and precipitation are the most crucial weather components and can be examined in order to assess climatic variability. The results obtained using elementary statistics exhibit an increasing trend of temperature. Rainfall, however, has shown quite variable pattern throughout the region. It has remained persistent in mountainous area, declined in plain region while increased in coastal area. This changing nature of climate can adversely affect the people and economy of the region which is predominantly agrarian.

This paper examines the influence of major factors such as socio-cultural, economic, demographic, political and health care system on child nutrition.Bivariate logistic regression is run for the characteristics such as place of residence, wealth index, sex of children, age of the children, birth order and breastfeeding time. Tamil Nadu has high age at marriage, high level of female education and autonomy. This increases the power of decision making and raisestheir status in the society,which leads to highnutritional status of the children. While in Bihar, where lower age at marriage and poor educational levelof the mother makes them more susceptible to have underweight child. Thus it is clear that, all these factors affect the nutritional status of children either directly or indirectly.

Opresente estudo debruça-se em abordar a imagem que a comunidade escolar daEscola Municipal Helena Augusta Walcott possui de seu bairro e como compreendem sua posição na sociedade. Deste modo, tomando por base a pesquisa realizada, ressaltam-se as representações sociais que a comunidade escolar atribui a esta cidade, em especial dessa região que tem grande relevância para o município de Manaus.Os conceitos que as pessoas possuem dos espaços da cidade em que habitam é um tópico que vem despertando atenção no estudo urbano. Decerto pelo fato de que,a uma determinada imagem são vinculados não somente atributos icônicos de uma ideia imprecisa, como também valores que consentem compreender e se situar em relação à mesma. A base teórica sustenta-se nos autores Park (1967),Benevolo (2012) e Vargas (2009), além de outros secundários e de importantes aportes. Esses teóricos nos possibilitam uma visão ampla da formação da cidade, bem como de representação social, caminho indispensável quando se tem a intenção de compreender como o urbano interfere na condição humana desta comunidade.

The future of Mobile Commerce is good in India as the government has taken a lot of initiatives to enhance the quality of mobile commerce in India. Demonetization in India help mobile commerce growth. Govt decision to scrap Rs 500 and Rs 1,000 currency notes is impacting the economy and money circulation, the decision seems to have a positive impact on the mobile commerce industry. Day by day many people’s are transferring to Mobile Commerce to get good and fast transaction into market.

The cardio-respiratory fitness of sickle cell trait (SCT) individual is deviated than the apparently healthy individuals. Many studies have been conducted on consequences of SCT, but it is not yet precisely known the effect of regular participation in physical activity. To see the cardio-respiratory efficiency of SCT physically active individual total 1000 school going students were examined. Out of them 109 students were diagnosed as SCT carrier. Their pulmonary and cardiovascular efficiency were assessed with the help of respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), hemoglobin (Hb) and 12 minutes run and walk test. In addition, maximum oxygen capacity (VO2 max) was calculated as per formula prescribed by Cooper’s test. Descriptive statistics, and comparative tatistics “t” test was used to analyzed the data. Result of the present study showed insignificant difference in HR (p>0.05), PFER (p>0.05). The RR and Hb of control individual showed significantly (p<0.05) better efficiency. In contrast, the aerobic capacity (12 min run and walk) and VO of SCT showed significantly (p<0.05) higher capacity than that of apparently healthy subjects. In 2max conclusion, regular participation in moderate physical activity may reduce the consequences of SCT and may enhance the quality of life including healthy subjects. It is recommended to conduct more study on large sample to draw robust conclusions.

The theory of professional skills has drawn a great consideration in the academic field. Theory emphasizes that enduring worth formation and competitiveness of the corporation relies on full-scale utilization and opportune development of organization should be built through skills of professional. The present research aims to explore the process of professional skills development as well as the status of LIS Professionals working in selected academic institutions in Lucknow.

This article makes an analytical approach of the social organization of civilizations that have determined the gender systems - relations between men and women - emphasizing the importance of the concept of Gender in order to understand the attributes of each sex and the relations of power established between them.

The unorganized sector of the economy in India is the largest sector in terms of employment of the workforce. It consists of agriculture and such related activities as forestry, livestock and fishing as well as non-agriculture. The bill of National Commission for Enterprises in the unorganized sector, 2006 presented by the Government of India, Women are still far behind in the actual distribution of social status, economic value and political authority. Women contributes almost half (49.7 per cent) of the global total population. The actual participation of women in all spheres of human interactions has been extremely poor.

Noise is the unwanted sound. With the development all around the sources of unwanted sound are increasing day by day by knowingly or unknowingly. Hence the noise monitoring at two silence and two commercial zones in the Visakhapatnam city was carried out. The locations for Silence zone were ‘Sri Shanthi Ashram’ and ‘Biodiversity Park’ and for Commercial zones were ‘Purna Market’ and ‘Dabagarden’. The results show that the equivalent noise levels are higher in the both commercial zones than the both silence zones with clear differences. The Noise levels are least at Biodiversity Park and highest at Purna Market. However, the noise levels at all the places are exceeding over the set limits described by the Central Pollution Control Board. The congested roads, unplanned growth, increase in personal vehicle, overuse of horns, ignorance of noise controlling rules & legislation are the causes of increasing the background noise in the human habitats.

The Rubiaceae family is known for its biological, chemical and medicinal importance. Several of its species have been studied in order to find substances with potential of cure for various diseases. This article will present some chemical substances, the geographical distribution and botanical information of some species of Duroia, Ferdinandusa and Palicourea, representatives of this botanical family.

Distance education has provided handful of opportunities for working professionals, students and housewives to achieve their dreams of pursuing higher education. Different people have different perceptions regarding distance education. Distance education was earlier perceived to be similar to correspondence education. But with their good experiences while pursuing higher education in distance education mode, students have now clearly understood the dividing line between distance education and correspondence learning. Distance education and its importance are clearly understood by people living in urban area. In the same time availability of the resources differe from rural and urban area. The assisted learning support system is vital role of every individual in their learning. This can be gauged by the number of students pursuing distance education in urban. But in small towns and rural there is less awareness regarding distance education. People in rural still consider a regular degree superior to distance education degree. Distance learning has provided an excellent platform to students for learning at their own convenience and at their own pace. In this rapidly changing system of learning, if you are working and need a good degree as well as specialized knowledge to enhance your career then Distance education can be your cup of tea.

The present study is aimed to find out the job satisfaction of school teachers based on gender, location, type of school, type of management, and nature of job. A survey is conducted with 150 school teachers in Vellore district of Tamil Nadu State. Results showed that there is no significant difference in job satisfaction of school teachers with respect to gender, locality and type of school. Findings indicated that there is significant difference in job satisfaction of school teachers in terms of type of management and nature of job.

Parenting is an art where both father and mother works collectively to help their children for survival and autonomy. In the present scenario, the task of parenting is a difficult one. In order to provide a quality life to children, both parents invest their maximum time, effort and resources into the task of parenting. But, nurturing children single-handedly is a difficult process both financially and psychologically. Single mothers often found themselvs in agony and distress due to lack of support from family and society. In the present study, the researchers focused on the mental health problem of depression on single mothers of Kerala. To achieve the purpose of the study the researchers collected data from 60 mothers out of which 30 are married and 30 are single mothers. The results of the study revealed that there is no significant relationship between socio-economic background and depression among mothers of Kerala. The study also revealed that marital status has a significant effect on depression among the mothers (p<.05). The findings of the study throw light into the agony of the single mothers. The article invites theattention of policy makers and mental health practitioners of Kerala into the miserable life of single mothers.

Abusca por técnicas e modelos que atendam uma demanda diversificada, flexível e sustentável de uma sociedade futurista, replica cada vez mais na inovação do mercado da construção civil. Conforme a evolução e popularização desses modelos se tornam mais acessiveis,vão surgindo métodos inovadores de acordo com a agilidade desse mercado lesto. Em virtude disso, surgem então novos padrões físicos habitacionais que reproduzem essa nova prática transigente vivenciada pelo dia a dia do ser humano. Este artigo tem por objetivo propor a reutilização de dois módulos de container do modelo High Cube, com cerca de 45m², localizada na zona oeste na cidade de Manaus. Inicialmente foram realizados estudos sobre o tema sugerido e estabelecidos os parâmetros do projeto baseados nas premissas técnicas existentes, onde foram realizados levantamentos de dados como o processo de execução de cada serviço. O custo do projeto está avaliado emR$ 80.538,74 com o acréscimo do BDI de 30% . Também apresenta uma planta arquitetônica, levantamento quantitativo de material e mão de obra conforme as tabelas do SINAPI e da SEINFRA, e pôr fim a verificação do cronograma de atividades e a viabilidade do projeto. A intenção deste artigo é de demonstrar meios de construções sustentáveis que ainda encontram-se em stand-by pela falta de pesquisas e conhecimentos sobre esse assunto que abrange uma falange de oportunidades sócio-econômicas para um melhor desenvolvimento humano e, que é tão pouco visada na cidade de Manaus.

The present study explored the trends of Indian Bar Review-a quarterly law journal by analyzing articles, authors and Law subjects covered in the articles. The data is analyzed by doing quantitative content analysis in order to find out literature growth, authorship pattern and related bibliometric incidents. The analysis indicates that there are 287 articles published during 2001 to 2010. The authorship pattern shows that the bulk of articles published with single authorship. Authors from academic field were more in “IBR”. The subject coverage of this journal is mostly towards Private law and Constitutional & Administrative Law study, covering other legal subjects in the articles. Data analysis clearly indicates that “IBR” speedily begin them as a most possible medium for scholarly communication.

The present study is an attempt to explore the relationship between academic stress and parental expectations of higher secondary students. Survey method was used for the study. A sample of 1000 XI standard students was selected in Chennai by using stratified random sampling technique. Data was analyzed t-test and Pearson’s Correlation co-efficient. Results revealed that there is significant difference in academic stress and parental expectations of higher secondary students based on gender and group chosen; and there is no significant difference in academic stress and parental expectations of higher secondary students in terms of locality. Finding indicated that there is positive relationship between academic stress and parental expectations of higher secondary students.

This paper intends to make a brief overview about the work with its historic route from the conceptual changes in the West. Trying to show how the theme is present in the social environment being inherent in man, especially the Amazon. First we will present the work of the ancient Greek notion, shown his disgust and contempt him it was deemed unworthy citizens and inherent only to slaves. In Hebrew society work was considered the atonement of sins though there is a reframing beyond the scourge of the soul. Christianity and its variations also conceptualized the work; St. Augustine makes a reliever speech stating that the work can not be considered a curse; already in the Middle Ages it was unworthy of the nobility and a form of penance for sinners; Luther claimed that the work was part of the world and considered a way to serve God; for Calvin worker was the most Godlike, thus sanctifying work. Weber highlights the role of Protestants in appreciation of the work. Marx claimed that the result of the work carried externalization and objectification of the worker. The distinction between work and labor is presented in Hannah Arendt and Iraildes Torres presents the work in the Amazon from the concept of worlds of work.

The First serious attempt at the study of India’s past began after the great uprising of 1857. A perusal of some introductions to the ‘Sacred Books of the East’ reveals the motive underlying this great venture extending over years. It was felt by the British rulers that the serious attempt to overthrow them was due to lack of their knowledge of Hindu Dharma, manners, customs and history. Further, the people could not be won over to Christianity and consequently to the empire unless the missionaries acquired an idea of the vulnerable points in their social structure. In their study of the ancient history of India, western scholars reached two important conclusions. In 1859, Max Muller, an indologist of high repute wrote that the Indians are a nation of philosophers and Indian intellect is lacking in political or material speculation and secondly that the Indians never knew the feeling of nationality. Similarly Gibbon pointed out that all oriental history is “one unceasing record of valour, greatness, degeneracy and decay”, Green stated that “the empires of the East are, in the main, taxcollecting institutions. They exercise coercive power on their subject of the most violent kind… (and) do not impose laws as distinct from particular and occasional commands.” Similar sentiments found expression in the works of eminent scholars stated that India never attained to the idea either of the state or of the motherland and that it could not evolve any political constitution, even in conception.

The present study intends to analyze the performance and growth of cooperative credit sector in the state Haryana. For the above mentioned purpose evaluation of some important factors such as capital, deposits, borrowings, profits, working capital, loans advanced, cost of management etc. are examined. The study is based on primary as well as secondary data. Primary data was collected by personally visiting the bank officials at district level whereas books, published annual reports of DCCBs, journals, statistical abstracts, audit reports were the main source to collect secondary data. The period of study is ten years from 2005-06 to 2014-15. Co-operative sector consist immense potential to deliver financial services in areas where both the state and private sector have failed.

The purpose of the present study was to know the relationship between human resource development climate and performance appraisal of primary schools teachers from Chitradurga district. A total number of 100 teachers were selected for the sample to collect the data by using random sampling technique. Human resource development climate questionnaire and performance appraisal effectiveness sale developed by Rao and Abraham(1990) were administered. Simple correlation technique was adopted to interpretation of the data to know the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The finding of the present study is there is a positive and significant relationship between human resorce development climate and performance appraisal of male and female teachers, rural and urban teachers, government and private school teacher, and arts and science background teachers.

This article explores the importance of the ethnographic empirical work to understand the wider public issue related to the existing knowledge under the process of cultural production through interrogating the field by becoming a ‘participant observer’ of everyday life practices of the subject. The way this process of cultural production transforms the traditional social structures and institutions into a new inclusive democratic structure.How theconstruction of new power relationship in the context of the changing dynamics and emerging paradigm of Dalit politics impacts on the broader political mobilization in India. To understand the specificity of their different accounts, multiplicity of the process and depth of social and historical transformation what really the research methodology need to follow, transform and understand while using various techniques provided under ethnographic method and methodological principle.

Oprocesso de Coaching é caracterizado por encontros semanais, quinzenais ou mensais entre coach (profissional) e coachee (cliente) e têm duração variável em média de 1 hora até 2 horas. Nas organizações, deve ser uma constante o desenvolvimento de competências do colaborador, por meio de programa de desenvolvimento, capacitação e utilização do processo coaching, sempre em busca de melhores resultados para a carreira profissional. Por outro lado esse é um desafio que demanda dedicação e empenho do colaborador, uma vez que ele deve adquirir a responsabilidade pelo planejamento e desenvolvimento de sua carreira e acima de tudo autoconhecimento para reconhecer suas fraquezas e pontos fortes que podem redirecioná-lo e auxiliá-lo a reavaliar seu plano de carreira, desta forma justifica a realização desta pesquisa. A problemática consiste em apresentar esta ferramenta (cochingcareer) como um dos caminhos para direcionar o colaborador para ajudar os indivíduos a identificar o que eles querem e precisam de suas carreiras, e então tomar decisões e fazer as ações necessárias para alcançar seus objetivos de carreira mantendo o equilíbrio com as outras partes de suas vidas. Através de pesquisa qualitativa e bibliográfica pretende-se demonstrar o entendimento de autores renomados na temática.

The notion of Judicial review refers to the power of the court to examine the constitutional validity of the laws made by the legislature and the orders issued by the executive ,after which if it finds them contrary to the provisions of the constitution ,may declare them as null and void. Thus, designed in the frame of facilitating the court to act as the guardian and protector of the constitution ,the concept of judicial review has become the hallmark of the federal potential systems where the written constitution lays in black and white the powers of the different departments of the government so that neither any organ of government usurps the powers of others nor the spirit of the political philosophy behind the polity is violated.

The theme refers back to the complexity that was presented by the French author Edgar Morin in some of his works and thoughts. In addition to an awareness of this complexity with different achieves and approaches in our society and culture. The objective of this work is to broach, in a compact way,the role of thiscomplexity in the human conscienceand itsreflectionsin our daily.

This paper includes construction and standardization of achievement test in mathematics. It was constructed and standardized after discussion with research scholars and experts. The final draft of the achievement test was prepared on the basis of item analysis for difficulty value and discriminating power. Items with discriminating index more than 0.40 were considered to be the best.

This study is explored to investigate the significant difference in leadership behavior among undergraduates. Survey method has been adopted. Sample consisted of 250 undergraduates in Cuddalore district by using random sampling technique. The present study showed that there is no significant difference in leadership behavior among undergraduates based on gender, locality, and type of management. Result also indicted that the language and science students do not differ significantly in leadership behavior; the language and arts students differ significantly in leadership behavior; and the science and arts students differ significantly in leadership behavior.

The paper tests the relevance of Capital Asset Pricing Model in Indian stock market. The study is based on all the companies that are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange BSE 500 index and covers a period of 15 years – from 1st October 2001 to 30 September 2016 using monthly data from CMIE Prowess- the widely used database for academic research in India. Fama and French (1993) methodology has been used to make the portfolios. The empirical results show that the Capm cannot fail in the Indian equity market. The beta coefficients are significant implying that the market return plays an important role in the return generating process.

The demand for the delineation of state is not a new issue in India, it was existed in the initial phase of post- independence. But the scenario of demarcation of regions has changed fromlanguage principle to lack of development and governance. In order to this, large statesare always highlighted for their poor governance and regional disparity.Moreover, in this study Uttar Pradesh is focused to enquire the degree of disparity in the context of development.It has been seen that Bundelkhand has performed better whereas the Western Region has the dominant position and Eastern Region is laggard among the all regions in terms of development in Uttar Pradesh. Apart from this, the study has also found that every region has significant intraregional variation in levels of development. Thus, the demands for a separate based on its degree of regional disparity are not the permanent solution of state reorganization problems. Hence, it is crucial time for implementing need based policy towards balance and inclusive development within the state.

The main objective of the paper is to investigate the Electoral Politics at Grass Root Level in District Kinnaur and Assessing the Emerging Leadership Patterns. The study specially investigates assessing the emerging leadership Patterns in tribal politics in district Kinnaur in Himachal Pradesh before and after 73rd Constitutional Amendment. The Himachal Pradesh Panchayati Raj Act, 1994 came into force w.e.f. 23rd April, 1994. As per provisions of the Constitution and the State Panchayati Raj Act, 1994, the three tier Panchayati Raj System was established in the State. Like all districts in Himachal Pradesh, the elections of PRIs in district Kinnaur have some points of difference upto the year 1972. The Panchayat Members i.e. Sarpanch and Panch used to be elected by voters by raising the hands. In Pre-amendment era the State Government could not hold Panchayat elections periodically. After 1995 when Panchayati Raj Act, 1994 came into operation the Members of Panchayati Raj Institutions were elected by the Gram Sabha In post-amendment era it is mandatory to hold elections of Panchayati Raj Institutions in a period of every five years and bye elections after six months if seats are vacant. The voting turnout in Panchayati Raj Institutions elections in Himachal Pradesh on an average has been higher than in Vidhan Sabha and Parliamentary elections. Approximately, 85 to 90 percent voters exercise their franchise. It was found that the overall percentage of female voters in PRIs were higher in District Kinnaur. Literacy percentage in district has increased from 31.96 percent in 1971 to 80.77 percent in 2011. The literacy rate in District Kinnaur is higher than the nation average. Majority of leaders belonged to the age group between 21- 30 and 30-40 years. This tendency was noticed in the PRIs Election in 2015. The spread of education, family planning and modern facilities are also a major contributing factor to the demise of polyandrous marriages. Migrated employees in hydro power projects, tourism, culture, globalization and climate change played very important role in these PRIs elections.

According with the Lean Manufacturing concept the content defined in this Project presented the waste elimination through Visual Management principle. Through visual management was possible make a map of all work process and identify which steps had the biggest loss. According with this information it was implemented some action to improve this process. In this process more important than countermeasure was the mind-set in employees to fix this thinking in a continuous program through monthly audit. In this way we minimized high Loss time with material localization, defect of parts because bad warehouse and other losses identified by PaulistaLocações, Serviços e Comércio.

In the post cold war scenario foreign policy of India is designed in a manner to make it a major pole in the power structure of International relations. The makers of foreign policy revisited its relations with its neighbours and world powers differently by rethinking its national security strategy. This goal of making India a major power is not very new. Nayar and Paul (2003), said “Although Nehru often spoke against great-power politics, underneath his idealism lay a submerged realism about the potential of India to become a major power in the international system”.1 In the wake of the twenty first century, though India is strengthening its economic and military capabilities, but still it is counted as a “potential power” or a “power in making” instead of a great power because of the constrains it faces both in the region and internally.2 Among the various restraints India faces in the region, relationship with Pakistan can be counted as the major impediment in the neighbourhood policy of the country. The association between the two countries bears the scar of antagonism since independence in 1947. Before 1947 both the countries were part of a single entity under the British rule. But Pakistan was curved out from the Indian subcontinent on the basis of religious nationalism. This was because of the fear of the representatives of Muslim population in British India that their rights will not be protected in the Hindu dominated country. Just after the partition of the British India both the countries started having a very hostile relation with each other. The two countries fought wars in 1948, 1965, 1971 and Kargil war in 1999. This was mainly because the relationship between the two was embedded with a feeling of distrust on the issues of militarism, nuclearisation, terrorism etc. Therefore trust deficit between the two led to the failure of the peace processes, making a harmonised relationship a distant dream.3

This article provides an overview of geopolitics and its various theories. Geopolitics gained a worldwide recognition in 19th century. Many scholars before 19th century had contributed to the study of the subject. Swedish political scientist Rudolf J. Kjellen coined word “Geopolitics” in 1899. Kjellen tried to give geopolitics a biological notion as he was very much influenced by the work of Charles Robert Darwin. After Kjellen many scholars contributed to the study of geopolitics. Alfred Thayar Mahan elaborated that the states with greater naval power will have greater geopolitical importance and will lead to the supremacy of that state. Mackinder has given very important position to the Heartland. The Heartland comprises Russia and Eastern European Countries. He mentioned that the eastern and western sides of the North Atlantic Sea that is U.S.A and Western Europe will play a major role in counter balance the heartland. Nicholas John Spykman was a DutchAmerican geostrategist and political scientist who had contributed to the field of geopolitics. He propounded the Rimland theory and mention it to be very relevant. Spykman saw the USA surrounded by Eurasia and Africa. Japan and England were seen as centers of military and economic power and separated by the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans. According to him Sea power is the key factor in global strategy.

From the very ancient time, the qualitative education has thrown up on a great importance in the Indian education system. In modern society, considering the importance of different level of education a good education system has been started. At present, the social quality is being deteriorated at the improvement of economic development. To protect this social deterioration in the educational system the moral quality of student is of uttar need. Qualitative education help direct the right path of teacher students. In this paper, different types of sources, qualitative education, different education commission of India, the role of quality education, how the relation between teacher of student help improve the ideal student etc. are well scripted.

This study is performed to identify and evaluate the employability skills of ITI students from Government Industrial Training Institute (ITI) Kolhapur. In the context of emerging flexible labour market lifelong employment is receding. Technological changes and rapid product and service changes require individuals with ability to adapt these changes. Employability through education is an alternative strategy in which individuals, corporate businesses, education system and government need to place concerted effort. The employability practices in India are focused on depositing skill sets in individuals, and need to be enhanced. Government Industrial training institutes (ITIs) in India give the largest volumes of technical training to the students to supply skilled human resources required to the industries. Therefore this paper shows the present situation of the employability skills possessed by the students of Government ITI Kolhapur.