Abstract This article examines the processes of scientific, technical and innovative development in the context of modern theories of international relations to ensure safe conditions for the development of the world community and national states. The author shows that these processes have a significant impact on the state of national security. As a result of the conducted research, the author came to the conclusion that theoretical concepts for ensuring national and international security in conditions of transition to innovative development and the formation of national innovation systems do not fully take into account the features of modern processes of innovation development.

Abstract Ensuring national security in all areas of state activity is one of the imperatives of its existence as a sovereign and independent subject in relation to other states in world politics. The intensification of the process of regionalization and globalization implies not only the social-economic domains, in which states are prone to yield from their national prerogatives in the common interest, but also the security and defense areas considered as a bastion of the sovereign state. The establishment of a European organization with economic and financial prerogatives in the middle of the 20th century, which during the seven enlargement waves turned into a sui-generis structure at the beginning of the 21st century, attracted its direct neighbor - the Republic of Moldova - in many community policies and programs designed to ensure the stability and development of the East European region. In this context, the Republic of Moldova obtains a multitude of opportunities but at the same time risks with its inclusion in the EU or Euro-Asian security system.

Abstract The article focuses on the transformation of various state forms in which the Slovaks lived, on forming the Slovak statehood, on historical transformations in the territory of present-day Slovakia until the foundation of the Slovak Republic on January 1, 1993. Specifically, the article is focused on the economic development of the Slovak Republic. It examines how Slovakia’s international economic relations affect its sovereignty and prosperity. It analyzes three basic forms of Slovakia’s participation in international economic relations- international trade, international investment movement and international migration. With the processes of globalization and the participation of Slovakia in the NATO, the European Union and other international organizations, the state’s influence on the economy of Slovakia is considerably limited. In addition, the influence and powers of national institutions on economic development in the state are limited.Slovakia, as a small state, is dependent on integration into international structures. This limits its sovereignty, but not its economic well-being.

Abstract This article is an attempt to formalize the assessment of the effectiveness of the e-commerce market’s institutional mechanism in the form of a problem-optimization statement. The task of optimization involves maximizing the effectiveness of the e-commerce market’s institutional mechanism in the institutional sectors of the economy.

Abstract The study analyses Moldovan migrants’ experience who managed to create 250 organizations in 35 states and have determined political leaders from Moldova to create the Bureau for Relations with Diaspora. The Bureau’s key tasks are to maintain a continuous dialogue with the diaspora and negotiate social security programs for migrants in destination countries. The political dialogue between the authorities in the Republic of Moldova and Italy, Portugal, Spain has registered significant results, improving conditions and opportunities for migrants’ social integration. Based on this initial positive experience, the author suggests a tripartite model of social dialogue: engaging authorities from origin and destination countries and diaspora organizations. The model provides the possibility to reflect the functioning of the democratic system: diasporas come with proposals, authorities with decisions in support of new opportunities for migrants’ social integration. The author uses dialectics to show contradictions between the real situation of migrants and the ideal of participatory democracy.

Abstract In this article, the author draws attention to the need for permanent renewal of European social institutions. The initial thesis of research: At present, especially in the Western world, the development of history and social sciences is sufficient to systematize knowledge about crisis, but not to prevent it. The author points out that crises are inevitable, as well as periods of vertiginous development. The content analysis of Aristotle’s work allowed the author to conclude that monopoly can only be allowed to provide citizens with the necessary amount of food. In conclusion, the author wonders: Should the European Union assume market management?

Abstract Regional development and concentration of economic activity in countries from EU is a favorite topic for European researchers, due to the relevance of some possible conclusions for EU policies on the Single Market and convergence of European regions and territories. As result of Eurostat data procession, en tropic index values document an increase in layer to layer economic concentration, local to regional, regional to national and national to European level, suggesting that the European economy could be seen as a globalized and stratified one, built from several economic layers and based on concentrated economic growth from the lower to the upper layer.

Abstract The European Union is heading for disintegration, so that those, who share the common values for which the European Union has been created, must eventually unite to resist advancing. They are convinced that the UK before the referendum was able to agree on the best possible conditions for cooperation within the European Union, such as participation in the common market without the obligation to enter the euro area, with some exceptions from EU rules. However, it was not enough to prevent British voters from choosing to withdraw from the EU. Research has focused on investigating possibilities for economic advancement in the EU at different speeds. The results convinced that this is possible, only the strategies of each state need to be adjusted.

Abstract “The intellect exodus” remains a phenomenon of the XX-XXI century. Thistopic is especially relevant, since the effectsthat it can generate are unpredictable, contradictory, and sometimes quite difficult to comprehend. The purpose of the article is to identify and assess the impact of the “brain drain” on the country’s economic development, to study the reasons why current trends follow the evolution of migration and provide recommendations for the effective management of the migration of skilled human resources. This paper uses a predominantly analytical method to identify and explain the phenomenon of migration from an economic point of view. Synthesis is used as a research method to identify and represent the links between the “brain drain” and its impact on the economic development of the state

Abstract In this article, the authors address the essence and specificity of the legal nature of mediation as well as the process of its implementation in the settlement of civil disputes and those with extraneity elements, which have been little researched until now, as there are new regulations and new concepts. The authors offer an ample feature of the specialized literature on the legal nature of mediation and its application to the settlement of civil disputes and extraneity issues from Russia, Romania and the Republic of Moldova, based on which they reach a series of conclusions. The article mentions that at international level several attempts have been made to create a unified legal regime of mediation and its implementation in the settlement of civil disputes and those with extraneity elements. Thus, an important moment in the development of this idea is its recognition as a universal value, as a private international law institute.

Abstract This study relates to the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration judgments in accordance with the national regime and the regime established by the New York Convention. Arbitration is a common and preferred method for settling international commercial litigation, so it is very important for the winning party to have effective judicial means to enforce the arbitral decision if the losing party does not voluntarily execute the obligations arising from the arbitral judgments. However, at the implementation stage some problems arise from the application of both national and international rules. This article analyzes legal requirements and procedures for the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral judgments in the Republic of Moldova and assesses whether national laws and practices correspond to international freedoms, in particular those contained in the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitration Judgments.

Abstract The Republic of Moldova is the state that is part of the Eastern Partnership with the European Union. Since August 2014 the Association Agreement acts between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union. Thus, events occurring in the European Union also need to be known to the citizens of the Republic of Moldova. On March 1, 2017 in Brussels, President Juncker in his speech on the state of the European Union in 2016, as the President of the European Commission, presented an IMPORTANT document entitled The White Paper on the Future of Europe, which is now widely debated by scholars, politicians, civilsociety, etc. On March 29, 2017, the United Kingdom sent a formal notification to the European Council of its intention to withdraw from the EU. Negotiations on the conditions by which Brexit will materialize are not expected to be easy for either party. Already on September 22, 2017, Prime Minister Theresa May proposed to EU leaders a “two-year” implementation period after Brexit. At present, more and more politicians, scientists are of the opinion that the European Union goes to FERM for federalization, because there is no other alternative. At the end of the year, in December 2017, the European Council will come up with the first draft of the EU Evolution scenario.

Abstract The purpose of this study involves a complex approach at the doctrinal, normative and jurisprudential level to create the science of criminal law of the European Union. Ensuring the smooth functioning of the internal market and respect for human rights does not leave the EU’s (EU) criminal law rules free from the influence of EU Member States. The evolution of criminal policy within the institutional, normative and jurisprudential framework of the EU has led to the two concepts of criminal law regulation of the European area: European criminal law, which is a criminal law developed at the European level and Criminal European law, which is an applicable unitary criminal law based on the principle of European territoriality.

Abstract A natural or legal person, having a claim against another, who cannot settle the dispute amiably, must address a court. These individuals or legal entities, who have a dispute related to one of their rights and for the settlement of which it is necessary to address the Court, are called parties. This kind of dispute involves at least two parties with conflicting interests and namely one that formulates claims (plaintiff) and another against whom the claims are formulated (defendant). The parties have a special role among the civil lawsuit participants.