Introduction: The prevalence of epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa is high and therefore constitutes a major public health problem. In Niger, the hospitalization rate is 29.5%. The aim of the study is to improve the management of patients living with epilepsy. The objective of the study is to contribute to improving the management of patients living with epilepsy. Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective cross-sectional study in the neurology department of the Amirou Boubacar Diallo National Hospital from May 2017 to December 2022. Results: Our study involved 75 epileptic patients out of 5546 patients who consulted for epileptic seizures, or 0.5%. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.27. Average age of 17.2 years. Time to treatment less than 2 days in 62.67%. Clinical manifestations with motor signs represented 65.33% and 34.66% of the psychological manifestations. No seizure triggers were found in 50.67% of cases. Familial epilepsy was found in 16% of cases. Head trauma was the personal antecedent in 4% of cases. Consanguinity was found in 48% of cases. Physical examination was abnormal in 6.67% of cases. Secondary generalized focal abnormalities predominated on EEG in 64% of cases and insular localizations in 26.32% of cases. Idiopathic epilepsy was the predominant etiology in 72% of cases. Brain CT was performed in 35% of cases and brain MRI in 12%. Monotherapy was prescribed in 90.67% of our patients. The evolution was favourable in 93.33% of cases. Conclusion: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder affecting patients of all ages, especially young subjects.

Patient compliance is a determining factor for successful therapy, especially for long-term treatment such as diabetes mellitus. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the level of adherence and the influence of the characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in using drugs at the Regional General Hospital of La Temmamala, Soppeng. Thirty respondents who met the entry criteria in this study. Data were obtained prospectively. Respondents were interviewed using a demographic questionnaire and an MMAS-8 questionnaire (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8). The results of the study showed low compliance level of 43.3%, medium 36.7%, and high 20.0%. Exercising status, co-morbidities, regimen therapy, and checking fasting blood sugar gave significant results on the level of adherence (p<0.05). other factors such as level of educational factors, profession, duration of diagnosis, dietary pattern, smoking, and the varian drug had no effect on compliance (p>0.05).Compliance of most respondents was low (43.3%). Exercise status, comorbidities, regimen therapy, and fasting blood sugar test results are the factors that affect adherence.

The world has been suffering from COVID-19 since 2019. It is thought that there’s a high risk of dysphagia in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dysphagia in patients affected by COVID-19 in admission (day 0), discharge, and 3-6 months post-discharge. Only English papers reporting dysphagia in COVID19 patients were included. Case reports and review studies were excluded. The authors searched Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed from January 1, 2020, until July 1, 2022. In this study, the effect sizes and standard errors were used to estimate the amount of dysphagia in these patients. Random effects were used for statistical analysis. Of the 2736 identified studies, 19 articles (n = 5334 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of dysphagia in COVID-19 patients at admission (n=643 patients), discharge (n=2286 patients), long-term (n=2405 patients), and the total was 32% (SE=0.13), 29% (SE=0.04), 14% (SE=0.03), and 24% (SE=0.03), respectively. About a quarter of COVID-19 patients may have dysphagia during the acute phase and/or also in the post-acute phase of the disease. Therefore, one should be aware of the symptoms of dysphagia and treat it in time.

The global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide, affecting almost all countries and territories. Various social-economic and environmental factors influence the outbreak and spread of the epidemic. Many modern techniques have been widely employed to study the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to give an overview of applications offered by remote sensing techniques to study the COVID-19 pandemic through summarising a total of 55 scientific papers. Three different issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic is presented under three sub-sections; namely (1) applications of remotely sensed images on monitoring environmental changes and (2) the analysis of social and economic impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and (3) the use of remote sensing in studies of the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2. The findings of this study provide important insights into how to apply such an advanced techniques as remote sensing in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. The varied applications of remote sensing affirms the value of this advanced technique to the study of small-to-large scale disasters in general and of the COVID-19 pandemic in particular.

This study is the first to examine the possibility of pharmacokinetic interaction in blood circulation using amlodipine and clarithromycin as representatives in hypertension rabbits and identify changes. The current study design required rabbits (n=6) for Pharmacokinetics. In group A, rabbits without treatment were used as control. In group B, were administration of a single dose of amlodipine (0.21mg/kg.BW) for 24 hours. Group C, were administered with a single dose of amlodipine (0.21mg/kg/BW.) and clarithromycin (22 mg/kg/BW.) each 6 hr. for 24 hour. The blood samples were collected from (B and C) groups at time intervals of zero, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96, 120, 144 hours and the drug concentrations were estimated using a spectrophotometer and estimated blood pressure using blood pressure cuff with Doppler ultrasound transducer. An increase in C max and AUC in group C (3.52 µg/ml and 130 µg/ml*h) respectively, indicates the improved bioavailability of amlodipine in the presence of clarithromycin compared with group B (2.03 µg/ml and 96.10 µg/ml*h) respectively. Furthermore, reduction in (CL) with an elevation of (Vd) in the presence of clarithromycin (54.94 L/kg/hr. and 4994 L/kg) in group C respectively, compared with group B (74.31 L/kg/hr and 3715 L/kg) respectively. We studied the influence of clarithromycin on the pharmacodynamics of amlodipine in hypertension rabbits. Interaction of amlodipine with multiple doses of clarithromycin produced a high reduction in blood pressure at 9 after administration and the blood pressure continues redaction. In conclusion, the combination of amlodipine with clarithromycin led to the enhancement of the bioavailability of amlodipine by inhibiting the CYP3A4 enzyme leading to producing a hypotension effect with peak plasma concentration effect in hypertension rabbits.

Background: Dermatological conditions are commonly associated with low mortality rates, but they significantly contribute to morbidity globally. The burden of certain common skin diseases is remarkably higher among adolescents, and associated with psychosocial and physical impacts. This study was aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and perception of common skin diseases among secondary school students in Anaocha. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 395 secondary school students in Anaocha Local Government Area of Anambra state using a multistage stratified sampling technique with an interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25. Results: There were 178 (45.1%) males and 217 (54.9%) females with an average age of 14.27 years ± 1.52. The respondents’ knowledge of acne, tinea capitis, and scabies was found to have an overall score of 43.29% ± 13.26. 78.2% of respondents showed a strong perception of common skin health challenges, and 84.3% showed a decisive attitude toward them. The level of knowledge was significantly associated with the student’s academic class and gender. Conclusion: Overall knowledge of common skin conditions was poor and there was a high rate of misconceptions along with the tendency for self-medication. Though most respondents showed a decisive attitude towards these conditions, there is a high potential for neglect of care for skin diseases in general including sinister ones. Therefore, health education on common skin conditions should be intensified within all secondary schools in Anambra state to improve the knowledge of students on these important conditions.