Introduction: temporomandibular dysfunction syndrome is an alteration that includes a set of signs and symptoms related to the structures of the stomatognathic system. Objective: to determine the effectiveness of the joint treatment of laser and drug support therapy, applied to patients with pain syndrome temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Method: a therapeutic intervention was carried out in 84 patients who attended the prosthesis consultation of the "Julio Antonio Mella" Stomatology Clinic in Guantánamo, in the period from September 2014 to the same month of 2015. Two therapeutic groups were formed: one received laser and drug support therapy and, the other, drug support therapy, each group with 42 patients who were evaluated at 5, 10 and 15 days. General and clinical variables were taken into account: age, degree of severity, pain behavior and evaluation criteria. Results: the combination therapy of laser and drug therapy proved to be more effective than drug therapy, as the symptoms disappear in a shorter period of time. Conclusions: it was validated that the combined treatment of laser and drug support therapy was more effective as the symptomatology progressively disappeared in a shorter period of time, in relation to those that were treated with conventional treatment and therefore its application is feasible.

Introduction: pneumonias associated with ventilation cause great concern to physicians who pose serious diagnostic difficulties which in turn often motivate the making of disproportionate therapeutic decisions that favor the genesis of antimicrobial resistance. Objective: assess the behavior of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation as an indicator of quality of care in the Unit of Intensive Adult Therapy of the General Teaching Hospital "Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja" of Baracoa between January-December 2015. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. From a universe of 67 patients, a sample of 27 patients was taken by the simple random method, which developed this disease associated with ventilation according to age groups, sex, conditions that led to its use, time of onset of symptoms and microbiological results. Results: the underlying diseases that most affected were cerebrovascular diseases followed by respiratory distress and severe sepsis. In the first nine days, the symptoms appeared. Greater isolation of Gram negative germs was obtained. Conclusions: the behavior of the pneumonias associated to ventilation was given in the male sex, older than 60 years, they were associated with a greater frequency to the cerebrovascular diseases, in the majority the symptoms appeared between 4 and 6 days; Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiellap pneumoniae were the germs that were most frequently isolated in these patients.

Introduction: the stomatological prosthesis aims at the adequate replacement of the coronary portions of the teeth or their associated parts, when they are lost or absent, by artificial means able to restore the masticatory, aesthetic and phonetic function. Objective: to determine the effectiveness of topical Oleozón® in the treatment of sub-prosthesis stomatitis in patients of the "Hermanos Martínez Tamayo" University Polyclinic in the municipality of Baracoa, Guantánamo. Method: an evaluation study of a therapeutic intervention was carried out, in the period from June 2015-2016. The study universe consisted of 80 patients with clinical diagnosis of stomatitis subprosthesis. The sample was obtained intentionally, consisting of 40 patients. A control case design was used: group A study was applied topical oleozon and control group B was applied allopathic medicine consisting of nystatin in suspension. Results: in the characterization of the patients with subprosthesis stomatitis according to age groups, grade I predominated in the group of ages 60 and over for both groups. The continuous use of the prosthesis resulted as a harmful habit. The daily application of Oleozón® was effective for the treatment of this disease between four and seven visits to consultation, so that the time needed to disappear clinical signs of the disease was lower than when nystatin cream was applied in the control group. Conclusions: Oleozón® was effective for the treatment of stomatitis sub-prosthesis in the population under study, achieving healing of the lesions in less time compared with nystatin as conventional treatment.

Introduction: adolescents are biologically prepared and culturally motivated to initiate an active sexual life, but are unable to analyze the consequences of their sexual behavior and make decisions in a responsible manner. Objective: to identify risk factors that could influence pregnancy in adolescence. Method: a case-control study was carried out in the "Emilio Daudinot" polyclinic in 2013. The universe comprised the pregnant adolescents captured during that year (42 cases) and the number of adolescents who were never pregnant, selected two for each case (86 controls). Knowledge variables were analyzed. The information obtained from a previously validated survey. The results are expressed in double entry tables. Odds ratio and Confidence Intervals were estimated. Results: risk factors for pregnancy in adolescence were found to have their first sexual relations between 15 and 19 years and not have knowledge about complications of pregnancy in adolescence. The vast majority of adolescents knew the optimal age to get pregnant and do not consider abortion as a contraceptive method. Conclusions: it is recommended to design an educational intervention program to modify the knowledge of adolescents.

Introduction: breast cancer is the most frequent in women, it is assumed that 4% of women will suffer from this tumor before age 74 and 1.3% will die because of it. Objective: to characterize breast cancer in patients of Guantánamo province in the period 2015-2016. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe of the research was formed by 1590 patients who had a diagnosis of breast cancer in the province of which a randomized random sample of 35 patients was selected in 2015 and 46 patients in 2016. Results: most of the authors agree that the age group most affected with this disease is the over 40 years old. Among the predominant risk factors in the genesis of breast cancer were, overweight or obesity and less than 4 months of breastfeeding or not offering it. Conclusions: the age that prevailed was the group between 55-59. The most important risk factors were obesity and sedentary lifestyle, with obese and overweight women predominating. It was shown that the largest percentage of women did not practice breast self-examination, so the knowledge of the female population about the importance of performing it is negligible.

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major health problem worldwide and in Cuba. Its incidence and lethality make this desease a real challenge for healthcare services. Objective: to identify the incidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from sputum samples in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the microbiology laboratory of the Provincial Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology Center of Guantanamo from January to June 2016. The universe of study consisted of 88 patients. The laboratory procedure proposed by Expósito et al. Results: 72 samples of productive sputum were identified, of which 56 samples were positive for bacterial culture, Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated in 34, which resulted in the study sample, showing marked resistance to amoxicillin and ceftriaxone. This microorganism was framed as a pathogen that emerged as responsible for the etiology of respiratory infections acquired in the community. Conclusions: Klebsiella pneumoniae, due to its frequency of isolation, due to its pathogenic and resistance mechanisms, is considered an opportunistic pathogen that emerges as responsible for the etiology of respiratory infections acquired in the community.

Introduction: the infection produced by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its progression to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) constitute a health problem worldwide. Objective: to determine the level of knowledge about the management of patients with HIV / AIDS in Stomatology by the technical and professional staff of the "Julio Antonio Mella" Stomatology Clinic in Guantanamo province. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, with a sample of 26 people who showed the willingness to complete the questionnaire, coinciding with the existing total. We analyzed the knowledge on the management of the patient with HIV / AIDS, hours before a patient with this disease, treatment of contaminated instruments, antibiotic prophylaxis, measures in patients with xerostomia and glossodynia, behavior against recurrent ulcers of viral origin, oral manifestations of patient with this virus, complications in patients with patients and general evaluation of knowledge. An exhaustive literature review on the subject was carried out in universal and national literatures. The primary data were obtained from a survey form prepared by the authors. Results: it was shown that the minority had a fairly level of knowledge. Inadequate knowledge predominated in both technicians and professionals. Conclusions: it was found that only a small part of the respondents knew about the most frequent complications, the time to perform antibiotic prophylaxis, the measures to be taken in the face of the most frequent oral manifestations and symptoms in these infected patients and the great majority could only mention two of these.

Introduction: the global burden and threat of noncommunicable diseases undermine social and economic development throughout the world. Objective: to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the population aged 15 to 74 years of the Guantánamo municipality in 2010. Method: a cross-sectional observational research was carried out that included 1 629 people, selected by complex sampling, by conglomerates and multistage. For the definition of metabolic syndrome the modified NCEP-ATP III criteria were used. To collect the information, the Pan American Version of the National Surveillance of Risk Factors Survey was used. The prevalence by age and sex was determined by means of estimations with 95% reliability, expressed in percent, using the SPSS program, version 11.5. Results: Metabolic syndrome was more frequent in women and in the 55-64 age group. The prevalence obtained does not differ from the estimates made by WHO and is an indicator that can be used as a baseline for subsequent studies that assess the impact of changes in risk factors. Conclusions: the high prevalence of MS in guantanameros from 15 to 74 years indicates the need to implement preventive actions designed to control hypertension, reduce central obesity, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia and improve the surveillance of cardio-metabolic diseases and thereby avoid the future consequences of MS for the health of the population.

Introduction: the care of the elderly requires a transdisciplinary approach and professionals committed to their care and educated in teamwork, in particular, nursing staff. Objective: to expose a nursing care protocol to the elderly in health institutions. Method: a retrospective descriptive study was carried out. Several reports and documents were reviewed where they reflect the attention to the elderly from different perspectives of life, once the information was collected, the assessment was carried out by several professionals in charge of caring for it. We analyzed each of the actions to be taken into account for the care of the elderly. Results: it was possible to establish the protocol of action that will be present during the care of the elderly in the internal centers destined to this activity. Conclusions: these actions allow providing specialized and quality care in each of the processes that will be carried out during nursing care.