Introduction: in the year 2006 there were around 690 million people over 60 years old in the world. In developed countries, more than 20% of the population was elderly, as a result of an increase in life expectancy and declining birth rates. Objective: to characterize the therapeutic antihypertensive adherence in patients older than 60 years. Method: a cross-sectional descriptive study on antihypertensive therapeutic adherence in the elderly was carried out in the "Omar Ranedo Pubillones" polyclinic during 2007. Forty-three patients were chosen from a sample of 344. Results: the prescription of hypotensive drugs was adequate in 86.6% of the patients studied. The main prescription errors are due to lower therapeutic intervals, as well as higher than recommended doses. One third of patients had deficient knowledge about hypertension and 48.3% did not comply with the treatment indicated by the physician. Conclusions: in most of the patients included in the research there is an inadequate adherence to antihypertensive treatment, which will determine in the short, medium and long term an increase in morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its consequent social impact.

Introduction: acute surgical abdomen is an entity that, if not resolved surgically, causes death in most cases and, in pregnant women, it is of special interest since the symptoms and signs do not appear in a typical manner. Objective: to characterize the behavior of acute surgical abdomen in pregnant women in the gynecology service of the General Teaching Hospital "Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja" in the municipality of Baracoa, Guantánamo. Method: a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of 25 clinical histories of pregnant patients who presented an acute surgical abdomen in the period from November 1996 to November 2005. Results: the group of 20-29 years of age had 64% of frequency followed by the group of 15-19 years, with 36%. Appendicitis was the most frequent cause of acute surgical abdomen with 10 cases, followed by acute cholecystitis and complicated ovarian cyst, both with 5 patients. This entity appeared in 68% of the patients who were in their second trimester of pregnancy, followed by the pregnant women of the third trimester, with 28%. There were symptoms of abdominal pain and tachycardia in 100% of the cases; nausea in 60%, and contracture and peritoneal reaction in 80%. Urosepsis was noted as a complication in 12%, sepsis of the surgical wound in 4%, for a morbidity rate of 20%, with a maternal mortality rate of 4%. Conclusions: the acute surgical abdomen presented with an incidence of 1.9 per 1000 pregnant women and more frequent in the ages between 20-29 years. Acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis and complicated ovarian cyst are the diseases that most occurred in the acute surgical abdomen during the second trimester of pregnancy. The most frequent symptoms were: abdominal pain, contracture and peritoneal reaction. The highest percentage of cases was positive in the clinical diagnosis.

Introduction: bibliometrics is used to evaluate scientific areas, and is a reliable and universal method to measure the productivity of a sector. In the same way, it determines that bibliometric studies are increasingly required and used, a fact that is generalized in scientifically developed countries. Objective: to evaluate the scientific activity and the information production of the Scientific Information Magazine during the year 2011. Method: a bibliometric and descriptive study was carried out of the articles published in the RIC of the medical university of Guantánamo during the year 2011, through the network, between January 15 and February 5, 2012. The 149 articles published in the aforementioned period were reviewed from the network. The variables studied were: type of documents, sex, number of authors per article, municipalities and institutions where the research was carried out, number of bibliographic references used and degree of update. Results: the original articles were the most published, with a predominance of female authors and group authorship of four and five researchers per article. Guantanamo is the municipality that contributed most with jobs; the Medical University and the Provincial Teaching General Hospital are the institutions with the greatest contribution. There was a predominance in the use of updated bibliographical references, which reinforces the credibility, validity and scientific rigor of this Guantanamera magazine. Conclusions: the RIC in its 18 years of existence has been able to consolidate. The novel elements contributed by this study, which had not been investigated until now, are valuable data for the information policy of the institution and ensure that the official organ of health professionals in Guantanamo gain in prestige and quality.

Introduction: during the last 20 years the incidence of ectopic pregnancy has doubled or tripled, mainly in developed countries. This increase behaves differently in countries, regions or population areas. Objective: to characterize the behavior of ectopic pregnancy in the Guantánamo General Teaching Hospital "Dr. Agostinho Neto "during the year 2006. Method: the universe consisted of 763 patients with ectopic pregnancy in the period 2002-2006. The sample was 175, all of the year 2006. The variables studied were: age group, symptoms on admission, means of diagnosis, clinical forms and operations performed. Results: discrete growth was obtained in the number of ectopic pregnancies during the years of study. The age group of 20-24 obtained 31.4% in frequency and that of 25-29 and 34.9%. 85.7% of the patients presented with symptoms of abdominal pain and abnormal vaginal bleeding, followed by those with lower abdominal pain and amenorrhea (78.3%). In 73 patients it was diagnosed by the clinic plus culdocentesis in 41.8% of the cases and only in 9 by clinical plus laparoscopy. Conclusions: there was an increase in ectopic pregnancies. The year of greatest frequency was 2006. The age group of 25 to 29 years and the primiparous patients predominated. The predominant symptom of admission was lower abdominal pain and abnormal vaginal bleeding. The diagnosis with more frequency was the clinic plus culdocentesis. The complicated unstable ectopic pregnancy, the tubal implantation site and the ampullary location with total salpingectomy as the operation were the most frequent.

Introduction: checking the suitability of workers appears today as an obligation for the economic subsistence of socialism; the circulating information supports it. However, in certain sectors, that same suitability may well have a much more important significance as the ethical subsistence depends on it, this is an essential value to sustain the real vitality of the new socioeconomic system. Objective: to show the relationship between the ethicity of health workers and the moral progress of socialist society. Method: some contradictions of recent date are identified and explained in the ethical panorama of the sector-society relationship. Results: the article shows aspects such as the social and sectoral dynamism of ethics, where the ethical analysis in the health sector, (although it takes it from the starting point) can not remain in the ease of proposing that the fight against Human suffering justifies itself, agrees that "the struggle is the most universal form of the existence of everything real, and the contradictions, the content where it is presented, adopting various manifestations. Conclusions: the concrete conditions, both materially and mentally, in which those working in the health sector work, in addition to the influences of prevailing culture and ideology on a global scale, and through the various modalities of exposure of the subject to them, produce alterations in the way in which work and its meaning in society are assimilated.

Introduction: in the historical development of humanity, congenital malformations have been presented with different explanations, attributing meanings that oscillate between science and superstition. With the prenatal diagnostic expression of congenital defects are grouped those diagnostic actions aimed at discovering a congenital defect during pregnancy. Objective: to analyze the behavior of some variables in the screening of congenital malformations in pregnant women in the province of Guantánamo. Method: a retrospective longitudinal study was performed on congenital malformations in pregnant women, in the period January-December 2010. The universe is constituted by 7 585 births and the sample by 76 malformations that occurred in that period, using simple random sampling. The following variables were analyzed: age, municipality of origin, type of congenital malformation, alive or deceased, AFP result, ultrasound result in the first and second trimester, prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies, prenatal diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism and outcome of the prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis. Results: the highest rates corresponding to the municipalities of Caimanera, Baracoa and Maisí, with 11.2; 2.74 and 2.28; respectively. The most frequent malformations were found in the central nervous system with 23.68%, cardiovascular and osteomyoarticular, with 19.73 and 18.42%, each. The municipalities with the highest rate of congenital malformations were Imías, Caimanera and Niceto Pérez with 30.86; 28.09 and 12.98 per thousand. Conclusions: the mortality rate due to congenital malformations in the province of Guantanamo during 2010 was higher than that reported nationally. The frequency of congenital malformations during the year 2010 in Guantanamo province was lower than that reported in the literature. The age group with predominance of congenital malformations was 20 to 29 years of age. The most used diagnostic means were ultrasound, followed by alpha-fetoproteins, and cytogenetic studies.

Introduction: the process of sociohumanist training of health professionals has been defined as the set of stages through which they travel to achieve the systemic integration of knowledge, skills, values and attitudes that allow them to understand, understand and interpret the socio-humanist context and ethical for the solution of professional problems. Objective: define the sociohumanist competence and its content as an essential step for the development of a theoretical conception about the dimensions of its development in the postgraduate course of higher medical education. Method: partial results were presented of the "Institutional Investigative Project for the development of sociohumanist competence in health professionals" that is being developed at the University of Medical Sciences of Guantánamo since 2015. The procedures followed in this investigation corresponded to the of a qualitative research insofar as they allowed to define and characterize the sociohumanist competence. Through the bibliographic research the definition was defined and with the application of other research methods it was possible to establish the characteristic elements, as well as the dimensions of their development in the health professionals. From this primary information, it is intended to outline guidelines to follow for the development of this competence in professionals. Results: new knowledge was obtained about an incident problem in the national life with serious repercussions on the quality of life of our population, new knowledge about the content of sociohumanist competence as that part of the culture of the profession, which must be addressed of assimilation by students, in the teaching-learning process. The results of the empirical procedures taken for the diagnosis of the problem and the theoretical methods have served as a primary source of information that allow delineating dimensions of the development of this competence. Progress is being made in the improvement of the definition, elaboration and implementation of the theoretical scientific foundations for the health policies to be adopted, as well as their evaluation. Conclusions: the definition of sociohumanist competence as well as its content and the dimensions of its development were essential steps in understanding the essential nature of this component in the training of health professionals our society needs and we aspire to train in the University of Medical Sciences of Guantánamo, as a modest contribution to the improvement in the quality of the health service and the construction of a prosperous and sustainable model of socialism.

Introduction: cancer in Cuba is considered a national health problem because it occupies the second cause of death in the country, and the primary objective of our health system is to prolong the quantity and quality of human life. Objective: to assess the behavior of malignant tumors and the quality of pre-mortem diagnoses. Method: a study was carried out in necropsies performed consecutively in the Teaching General Hospital "Dr. Agostinho Neto "from Guantánamo, in the period from the last quarter of 1993 to December 1999. Of a total of 5359 necropsies, in 926 malignant tumors were diagnosed as the basic cause of death, which constituted our universe of study. The WHO criteria for causes of death were used, the basic and direct causes of death were analyzed, selected on the basis of a clinical-pathological correlation, including, some functional disorder or biochemical alteration as a direct cause of death. Results: among the first ten sites of origin, the lung occupied the first place, with a quarter of the cases, and the prostate as the second cause of getting sick and dying from cancer. As a basic cause of death, the malignant tumor represents 89.8%, while bronchopneumonia, pulmonary thromboembolism and terminal stage represented more than half of the deceased, in which bronchopneumonia, by itself, affected more than the third part. A high percentage of diagnostic discrepancies was observed when evaluating each case individually. Conclusions: the most affected age group was 65-74 years old, with a predominance of males. The malignant tumors with the highest incidence were those of the lung, prostate and cervix. Bronchopneumonia was the most frequent direct cause of death. There was a lower percentage of clinical-pathological diagnostic discrepancy for the basic cause of death, but not for the direct cause of death.

Introduction: today it is known that human life is not only determined by the biological aspect of the individual, but is directly influenced by biological and ecological factors without downplaying the social and cultural psychological. Objective: to address the issue of aging and its social and individual impact. Method: a bibliographic search was carried out that allowed through the analysis and synthesis to establish, links, criteria and evaluations concerning the subject. Topics related to the types of aging, the impact of social and individual aging and its particularity in Cuba are addressed. Development: the number of people in the world exceeds the age of 60, increased in the twentieth century from 400 million in the 50s, to 700 million in the 90s. Primary aging is the process or group of processes responsible for the set of changes observed with age in individuals of a species and not related to the presence of disease. Secondary aging refers to the one that occurs in living beings when they are subjected to the action of random and selective phenomena. Individual aging is the process of evolution until now irreversible experienced by each person in the course of his life while population aging is the increase in the number of MEAs with respect to the whole population to which they belong. Conclusions: aging and old age depend on the quality of life that takes from birth, to age with health should improve the living conditions of the entire population regardless of age, sex or ethnicity, provide welfare to people elderly, ensuring health and social security services, adequate subsistence, decent housing and integrated assistance, prioritizing health actions for the poorest groups.

Introduction: throughout its history, the training of stomatologists in Cuba has been going through different study plans, but there is no doubt that the most radical changes are generated after the triumph of the Cuban Revolution, when there is a democratization of access to careers, the development of postgraduate education, especially the specialization and the gradual transition of the conception of the health disease process. Objective: to present the consolidation of the training process in the specialty of General Comprehensive Stomatology in Guantanamo province. Development: a historical analysis of the training process of the Specialty of General Comprehensive Stomatology in Guantánamo was carried out considering the relevance of this specialty in the dental care system in Cuba. The following indicators are taken into account: training model, form of entry into the training process, training scenario and stomatological care model. In the article the historical milestones were established that allowed to delimit three stages of the formative process in the specialty of Integral General Dentistry, the historical regularities and description of each stage and, finally, the historical tendency that prevailed in the process was raised. Conclusions: by comprehensively analyzing the stages of the training process in the specialty of EGI was established as a historical trend: the training process in the specialty of General Comprehensive Stomatology has gone from a biologicist and curative model, a fragmented care practice, and a selective entrance of the stomatologists, towards a biopsychosocial model, based on health promotion and disease prevention, but it has maintained in its study plans the traditional approach with the objectives as governing categories.