Zoonoses are diseases transmissible from vertebrate animals to humans. They occur worldwide and present a significant threat to both human and animal health. A retrospective study was conducted to determine the bacterial zoonoses prevalent in the sub-Saharan Region of Nigeria. Two veterinary hospitals in Sokoto State were identified and data on diagnosed cases of microbial diseases between January 2006 and December 2015 were collected. A total of 14,832 cases were recorded of which 3,351 (22.6%) were considered to be of zoonotic importance while the remaining 11,481 (77.4%) were strictly animal diseases. All the microbial zoonoses recorded were bacterial infections comprising bovine brucellosis (21.10%), ovine brucellosis (37.45%), listeriosis (39.27%), leptospirosis (1.55%) and glanders (0.63%). Brucellosis and leptospirosis were observed to prevail throughout the year without any seasonal variation. While leptospirosis and glanders were seen to occur mostly in the rainy season. Ovine species had the highest proportion of zoonotic diseases recorded (27.53%) while equine species had the lowest (5.59%). The findings provided more information on the most commonly encountered bacterial zoonoses in animals in the sub-Saharan part of Nigeria. There is the need for public enlightenment on the potential health threats and the appropriate preventive measures against these diseases. Concerned authorities in the study area need to establish an all-encompassing monitoring programme for zoonotic diseases in both humans and animals.

In this study, the effects of different food deprivation and re-feeding has been examined on growth, nutrition, body composition and composition of liver. The groups consisted of the constant control over the experimental period until full feeding was twice daily, groups of 2-8 days of food deprivation followed by 8-32 days of re-feeding in repeated cycles during 80 days. At the end of expriment, the daily food intake, ash and moisture content of the body composition were significantly affected by alternating periods of food deprivation and re-feeding (p<0.05). But alternating periods of food deprivation and re-feeding are not effective on weight gain, specific growth rate, condition factor, feed conversion efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, lipid and protein content of body omposition and content of the liver glycogen and lipid (p>0.05). After the feeding period, roups that have experienced food deprivation showed complete compensatory growth. Because growth in these groups showed no significant difference compared with the control group. The study establish that, sobaity fish have ability to achive optimal growth after food deprivation and re-feeding periods