Transportation plays an important role in the development of a country. Due to the increase in the population, the demand for good transportation and passengers increased. For this purpose, new highways are built up every year. The demand for material for the construction is increasing and the researchers are in the race to find out materials which not only used as a replacer but also increase the strength parameters and decrease destresses in Hot Mix Asphalt pavement. In the present study Sugarcane, Bagasse Ash which is an agricultural waste was used as a filler material. At Optimum Binder Content 4.55 maximum stability of 7.03 KN was achieved while for the samples having stone dust as a filler material give maximum stability at 4.33 percent of 7.37 KN. Bagasse ash used as a filler in Wheel tracker test has given the best result at temperature 300C and the average rut depth was recorded as 2.065mm while stone dust samples showed average rut depth 2.235mm at 30 0Cand the number of passes was recorded as 14000. On the other hand, the samples which are subjected to a temperature of 600C BA samples showed greater rut of the average value of 6.81mm whereas the average value of stone dust samples showed 6.615mm rut depth. From the above results, the author concluded that bagasse is the best modifier material for the areas having low temperature such as 30 0C or below.

Waste recycling is an option to mitigate the environmental impact resulting from the significant amount of debris generated by the productive activities of the construction. Thus, the aim of the research work to evaluate the use of Recycled Coarse aggregates (RCA) instead of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) in concrete ingredients with 30 MPa compressive strength. The experimental program began with the physical and particle size characterization of the Recycled Coarse aggregates (RCA), and subsequent comparison with the properties of the natural coarse aggregate (NCA). Based on the knowledge of these properties, the production stage began of concretes. Different procedures and literature have been studied in order to achieve the strength of concrete up to 30Mpa by incorporated glass fiber (2 % by addition of cement). It was also the influence of the use of different contents (0, 10%, 20%, 50%, and 100%) of Substitution of natural coarse aggregate by the recycled coarse concrete aggregate in the properties of the fresh and hardened state of concrete. Regarding the strength, parameters increased gradually proportional to the amount of RCA in the concrete from 10 to 20% and decrease strength to the amount of RCA in the concrete from 50 to 100% Substitution of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) in concrete

Smart homes can be of great benefit for both, energy and water management which not only helps to save money but can be highly beneficial for the environment. Such smart automation not only offers optimum consumption of these resources but also leads to higher comfort and conveniences for the users and residents. Recent developments in sensing, networking and communication technologies offering new and advanced forms to link a variety of things around us even with the people. Further, integration of internet of things (IoTs) services by embedding intelligence into these sensors and actuators and connecting them smartly are gaining great popularity to enhance the comfort and quality of life. This paper presents a flexible and low-cost home automation system using various sensors to control the commonly used home appliances and devices where IP connectivity is provided to access and manage them remotely. For this purpose, an Android-based app is developed which can be installed on any smartphone in order to monitor and control the devices from any location. The evaluation of the integrated sensors with the devices and switches shows that the system can offer great automation to achieve the idea of smart homes

Among educational elements, the main element is study tours that are considered as a crucial instrument for learning. These tours are not only a source of providing valuable educational opportunities to the students but also give them pleasure. They benefit the entire life of students in different ways. The main focus of this research is to know how study tours are beneficial for students of architecture. This study explores the need and importance of study tours that add the learning experience throughout the life of students at the university level and in practical life. For collecting data, a qualitative research method is used. The study carried out by taking the architectural students of Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi on study tours, because of being a part of the faculty of the Architecture department of this university. The research tool was a questionnaire that was filled online by the students who joined the tours, collected data was analyzed by a simple percentage method. The findings indicated that the majority of respondents get pleasure and knowledge from study tours. The tours provide education to students to explore things personally in an eloquent way. They not only boost collaboration among teachers and students but also support to cope with teaching problems that occurred in the classrooms. The study has demonstrated that study tours are essential in order to give practical tactics for the curriculum and are helpful in enhancing the learning experience and understanding of the students. Tours bring enjoyment and escapade to learning and trained students for getting success in the hardships of life.

The hydrodynamic characteristics of mixing fluids are always the points to consider in improvement of their mixing quality especially using motionless mixers normally stated as “Static Mixers”. Motionless mixing technique was adopted for Air-Water system with the advantage of negligible power consumption over dynamic mixers. Different hydrodynamic characteristics were experimented using “Baffle Type” static element and were compared to those of already used in recent studies. Dissolved oxygen content, Static mixer geometry (i.e. Baffle, Blade, Wheel, Plate and Needle), mixing fluids flow rates were chosen as variables and selected in this content as rate of mass transfer study which founds out to be significant using “Baffle Type” static element. Volumetric mass transfer was also achieved at higher scale which gives a clear indication of increase the mass transfer coefficient in between the comparison of “Baffle type” element and other mentioned elements. Pressure droplet and depletion in Air bubble size across static elements were visually perceived using Hg-Manometer and still photography respectively. A mathematical model was also developed portraying the Air bubble diameter at different flow rates for this system. Other hydrodynamics like higher Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Content, Less Power consumption were also found to be more advantageous for “Baffle Type” static element.

The paper aims to present the design and performance of a single input fuzzy sliding mode controller (SIFSMC) to control the motion of deep submergence rescue vehicle (DSRV). The proposed controller uses the linear single dimension rule base where as the conventional fuzzy sliding mode controllers (CFSMC) uses the two-dimensional rule base. Moreover, the proposed controller does not merely depend on the DSRV exact mathematical model unlike that of the linear controllers. Using SIFSMC, the number of rules governs are also greatly reduced in comparison with the CFSMC, without compromising the overall performance. The robustness, equivalency and efficacy of proposed idea is illustrated through the simulation results using a marine system simulator in MATLAB/Simulink® environment. The main objective of the paper is to compare CFSMC and SIFSMC for UUV’s. Consequently, a comparative analysis of proposed SIFSMC is shown with the CFSMC for the same system of DSRV.

Expansive soils are generally considered problematic due to undesirable geotechnical characteristics like expansion, shrinking, settlement, and heaving. Such soils have low shear strength which decreases after wetting or other physical aggravations. Subsequently, such soils need proper improvement before constructing a structure on them. Different industrial wastes have been used for the stabilization of weak soil in the past. In the current investigation, the impact of waste glass powder (WGP) on the strength and swelling characteristic of swelling soils have been assessed. The primary target of this examination was to research the utilization of waste glass powder in geotechnical applications for controlling the settlement and expanding qualities. For this reason, the local expansive soil of district Karak, Pakistan was selected and their engineering properties were assessed. The experimental work consists of conducting the consistency limits, California bearing ratio (CBR), specific gravity standard Procter tests. The mentioned tests were carried out on both natural as well as modified specimens. For modification purposes, waste glass powder (WGP) was added in different proportions with the incremental rate of 4%, for instant 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20%. The addition of waste glass powder greatly reduced the swelling properties of the tested soil and also improved the engineering characteristics. A maximum reduction in swelling was observed at 20% addition of waste glass powder. Similarly, the liquid limid also reduced, and the specific gravity and maximum dry density increased at optimum glass powder content.