Present article examines the Urban Road Inventory, a much-needed data infrastructure required for good local governance, right of way, traffic studies, urban development, asset management, etc. Raised challenges are examined and solutions are suggested starting from an ongoing project for road inventory of Timi?oara municipality. A technology mix of mobile mapping, very high-resolution satellite imagery, open data and Geographic Information Systems is considered and assessed for producing data with high density and quality.

The systematic registration of lands in the integrated cadastre and land register system (PNCCF) is essential to ensure a correct record of all properties in the territory of Romania. This has a major impact in the correct determination of the surfaces and in the same time the taxes related to each property. Also, technical and legal problems that arise in the civil circuit of real estate are solved. The paper presents a series of problems that complicate the process of sporadic real estate registration within the each UAT. To exemplify, as a case study, the situation of the territory of Horlesti municipality in Iasi county is presented. The main areas studied are the extravillage agricultural lands, but also the lands that are the object of local infrastructure development projects. According to a statistic of the National Agency for Cadastre and Land Registry (ANCPI), until September 2022, systematic registration works were completed for 153 UATs representing 4.5% of the total of municipality on the territory of the country. The purpose of the paper is to highlight the need to involve administrative and legislative factors in the implementation of the systematic registration of real estate properties in the most constructive way.

The new social phenomenon of associations of people converted into prosumers (on grid) is analyzed in terms of energy efficiency. The consequences of promoting the quality of prosumers for CRB (current representative building) (especially in urban areas) and for RRB (renovated representative buildings) (which have benefited from thermal renovation) are analyzed. The real purpose of the associations is to reduce the costs of energy utilities (and not only) and to benefit to a small extent from the electricity consumed in the building. It is demonstrated, on the basis of dynamic simulation of the energy response of buildings to climate and anthropogenic requirements, that converting CRB buildings exclusively into prosumers with no other purpose than minimizing utility costs keeps the energy and environmental performance of buildings away from the quality of nZEB buildings. On the other hand, the transformation of renovated RRB into nZEB buildings is ensured by equipping them with photovoltaic solar panels and thus acquiring the quality of prosumer.

Along with forest areas, aquatic areas and/or located under different infrastructure components (residential spaces, those intended for industry, transport, etc.) agricultural land constitutes: the largest share of the local land fund (61.2%); the largest physical area – 2496.4 thousand hectares and (as will be shown later) – the greatest natural wealth of the country. Being revitalized at the beginning of the current century (summer of 2000), the above-mentioned market showed dynamic rates of development, having as the main evaluation indicators both the sale-purchase areas and their market prices, the integral sums of money, reserved for carrying out transactions respectively and (as the end result) the stable functioning of domestic agriculture as a whole.

The remarkable evolution of society requires the adaptation of the existing transport systems, simultaneously with the modernization of the transport infrastructure. This activity becomes imperative to meet the new demands of the population, especially in terms of urban mobility. The object of this study is actually the use of topographical techniques in urban mobility projects, serving both road and rail traffic. These projects not only respond to the needs of urban mobility, but also redefine the topographic configuration of cities, optimizing vehicular flow and facilitating complex interactions between relief and infrastructure.

The continuous technological improvement in bathymetric equipment, positioning capacity, data processing, as well as the development of new ways of depth determinations and exploring the submerged relief, have been noticed in recent years. There are multiple techniques, more or less precise, used for depth surveying. Among these, acoustic and radio bathymetry are most widely used. Survey systems can be autonomous or mounted on various platforms and also can provide different accuracies. If GNSS data is correlated with the bathymetric survey systems, the results have improved accuracy. Additionally, optical methods (based on active or passive sensors) can be used for depth surveys. Comparing to topography, even despite the multiple bathymetric methods and their usage, underwater still remains uncertain or unknown. Though, administrative decisions based on bathymetric data include maritime or nautical navigation safety, coastal spatial planning, environmental protection, underwater exploration, research and monitoring, and not least underwater resources exploitation. A better knowledge and understanding of the underwater relief could lead human to reduce water pollution, and therefore, to a better life.

Under the influence of the need to raise the level of protection of land rights, the cadastral process, including land registration, merged into the "Cadastral registration process". Starting with this period of development of society, land right is indispensable (inseparable) from the cadastral system, from land measurements (cadastral), from the necessity of its protection. Cadastral registration in cadastre content becomes a "mechanism" for achieving the purpose of cadastre – protection of property rights. But ownership may be limited by restrictions and subject to responsibilities. So, the protection of cadastral registration (objects) spreads not only to property rights, but also to restrictions and responsibilities.

This paper addresses the characteristics and use of the Geographic Information System (GIS) for quantifying forest lands in Romania and Alba County. Firstly, it presents a characterization of the national forest fund, highlighting its importance and extent throughout the country in the context of environmental conservation and natural resources. The identification of forest lands is analyzed through the utilization of data from the Corine Land Cover (CLC) program, establishing the groundwork for determining the indicator of the percentage of forested areas within the administrative-territorial units (ATUs).

The paper focuses on the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in analyzing and understanding territorial crime phenomena. By utilizing geospatial data and GIS technology, we have demonstrated how this technique can be used to map and analyze crime across various geographical areas. The study conducted over a 10-year period (2012-2021) reveals that Bucharest, the capital of country , records the highest crime rate, followed by counties hosting municipalities with over 300000 inhabitants. Conversely, other counties with populations below 100000 inhabitants are at the opposite end of the list, presenting lower crime rates. These findings highlight significant disparities in crime across different regions, emphasizing the importance of long-term analysis of this phenomenon and its impact across diverse geographic areas.

Through this paper, we aim to showcase the ways in which we can harness elevation models for studying shading within the GIS environment. This goal is tied to the project in which my colleague, George Emanuel Voicu, and I have participated, a project involving the acquisition of topographic data and spatial analyses to highlight shading studies – crucial aspects in selecting the most suitable areas for constructing a photovoltaic park. The initial phase involves gathering precise topographic and geospatial information, including climate data and celestial positioning. These acquired data are then integrated into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to provide a comprehensive view of the terrain and environmental factors that could influence shading. The subsequent step involves using advanced simulation and modeling technologies to analyze the behavior of solar radiation under various conditions and at different time intervals. This stage is pivotal in generating accurate shading models that delineate critical areas with shading potential and their effects on solar panels.