The optimal placement of GSM communication stations in mountainous areas is a key step in ensuring network coverage and operational efficiency. This paper proposes a complete and automated GIS-based methodology for identifying locations situated at altitudes above the 1000 m threshold, using TIN terrain models, raster conversion, spatial selection, and 2D/3D validation of the results. The method eliminates the subjectivity of manual selection and provides a rigorous technical basis for telecommunications design in rugged terrain.

Alongside other issues in contemporary agriculture, one of the most significant is the consolidation of agricultural land. The importance of land consolidation lies in creating optimal plot sizes, which enables the use of modern machinery and technologies and contributes to the overall development of rural areas. Land consolidation is not just a problem specific to the Republic of Moldova; it is a global issue. Most European countries have already addressed the challenges of fragmentation and land resizing. Currently, they are focusing on ecological and sustainability-related problems. In this context, agricultural land consolidation must be seen as an objective necessity — a continuation of land reform — and should be implemented based on a long-term national policy. The conceptual foundation of land consolidation lies in its role as a key link in the chain of land relations reform. This paper analyzes the methodology of the land consolidation process in the Republic of Moldova.

In this article we describe a new possibility to access open geospatial data in the cloud, Wherobots. One of the advantages is that the data is not stored on the user own computer, nor is the workflow performed on the user own device. AI technology is also integrated into this solution. By accessing the Wherobots Cloud, WherobotsDB and Wherobots AI can be utilized. The Wherobots programming languages are Python, Scala, Java and WherobotsDB supports the SparkSQL query optimizer. There is also a map matching feature applicable when the GNSS device provides GPS coordinates that may be inaccurate and do not necessarily align with geospatial features in the field (e.g. road networks).

Aerial oblique imaging is increasingly used for high-resolution 3D geospatial data collection, particularly in urban environments. Multi-head camera systems, which integrate both nadir and oblique cameras, offer enhanced geometric coverage. The small-format multi-head camera system used in this study is designed to be lightweight and compact. However, this compactness introduces inherent limitations, resulting in trade-offs such as reduced ground coverage, limited geometric overlap betweenviewing directions, and constraints on integrating high-precision instruments like GNSS and INS. In this paper, we focus on relative orientation by evaluating image connectivity, image ray intersection, tie point multiplicity and accuracy. Our objective is to improve accuracy and optimize photogrammetric workflows by enhancing precision, reliability, automation, and efficiency, ultimately leading to higher-quality 3D reconstructions and mapping results also from small-format multi-head camera systems.

This study aims to explore the geological and geomorphological factors, relief morphometry, soil cover, destructive processes affecting soils, hydrography, land vulnerability, and anthropogenic changes within the limits of the Republic of Moldova based on cadastral and other open source data from geodata.gov.md, satellite and orthophoto images. The research findings, conducted by the Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Moldova State University, are illustrated through thematic maps, which are included in the Atlas "Abiotic Environmental Factors and Ecological Security", published in 2023. The maps in the atlas are presented at scales ranging from 1:1,500,000 to 1:3,500,000, with each page enhanced by supporting diagrams, text, photographs, and graphs.

Right of private ownership’s establishment over the lands that were part of agricultural production cooperative’s patrimony is done under the conditions of 18/1991 law by reconstituting the right of ownership or establishing this right. The purpose of the systematic registration work is buildings identification, measurement, description and registration in cadastral technical documents, the identification of owners, possessors and other buildings holders in order to input them in the land register and open new land registers. This type of work can be done at administrative-territorial unit or at cadastral sector levels.

The integration of GIS technologies in agriculture offers new opportunities for optimizing fertilization, irrigation and crop management. This paper explores the applicability of spatial analytics in agricultural land monitoring, using geospatial data to assess soil variability and plant health. The case study focuses on an agricultural holding in Eastern Romania, where differences in productivity and resource use efficiency are analyzed according to local conditions. By assessing the impact of data-driven decisions, the research provides practical insights for more sustainable and economically efficient agriculture.

Currently, the use and implementation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is undergoing a rapid transformation. From the traditional way of viewing and processing geographical data through specialized desktop programs, to webGIS technology following the development of specific Web 2.0. This technology allows online interaction based on interoperability standards, also the way spatial data is presented. Thus, the integration of Artificial Intelligence, use of mobile devices and participatory GIS, the Internet of Things for real-time monitoring of environmental and anthropic components, Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality for visualizing geographic data, the increase in the use of open-source software constrain the academic community and general users to accept and adapt to these new realities. Therefore, in this article, the current situation regarding the use and implementation of GIS nowadays was assessed and consequently future trends were analysed. At the same time, a questionnaire was conducted among GIS users in the Republic of Moldova to analyse their vision with regard to the subject addressed. The identified results will contribute to the curriculum content and teaching methods enhancement of subjects taught at the bachelor and master degree at Technical University of Moldova.

The volume, traditionally, as a mathematical model, is a geometric property encoded using linear algebra through determinants and matrix operations. This paper presents a method to calculate volumes directly using dual algebra, bypassing coordinate-dependent discretization and leveraging its inherent capacity to represent surfaces, intersections, and enclosed spaces through concise, error-aware computations. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the application of dual algebra as a unified computational framework for volume determination, highlighting its mathematical advantages over traditional methods reliant on localized coordinate systems and iterative geometric approximations. Dual algebra, which inherently integrates geometric transformations and error propagation within its algebraic structure, offers a streamlined approach to modelling complex surfaces and calculating enclosed volumes without the need for intermediate coordinate transformations or ad hoc adjustments. Dual algebra operates directly on geometric primitives (e.g., planes, points, and vectors) using a coordinate-free formalism. This enables precise, closed-form solutions for volume calculations, even in irregular geometries. Dual algebra emerges as a mathematically alternative for volume determination, with broad applicability in geomatics, engineering, and environmental modelling.

Forests have always been a fundamental component in the evolution of human society through the products and services they provide. In recent centuries, as a result of growing demand for forest products, forests have undergone major changes in terms of both area, with a reduction in forest cover, and structure, with a reduction in species diversity and a loss of the natural complexity of ecosystems. Thus, for the sustainable management and rational use of the main and secondary products offered by forests, it is necessary to create a network of forest roads that meets all the technical requirements of forestry activities.

The knowledge of cultural heritage constitutes a fundamental element in understanding communal identity and in consolidating the nexus between past, present, and future. Cultural heritage, in both its tangible and intangible forms, reflects the historical, social, and spiritual evolution of society, serving as an essential resource for education, social cohesion, and sustainable development. The study of one own history contributes to the formation of identity consciousness and the valorization of cultural diversity, providing the necessary benchmarks for interpreting contemporary processes. In the current context of globalization, the protection and promotion of cultural heritage become imperative for maintaining local and regional specificity. The responsible capitalization of heritage stimulates interest in culture, tourism, and scientific research, generating significant economic and social benefits. Thus, the knowledge and transmission of cultural and historical heritage represent essential premises for the harmonious development of communities and for the preservation of collective memory.

In densely built urban environments, microclimate characteristics are critically important in terms of comfort and health conditions for residents (thermal comfort/thermal stress)[1], but also in relation to environmental performance and, implicitly, the energy performance of urban areas. Given the context of climate change, the increasing frequency of heat waves, awareness of the need to ensure conditions for resilience and analysis of variations and developments in the urban microclimate have grown. It is important to note that the evolution of the urban microclimate not only influences the feeling of thermal discomfort experienced by the population in public spaces due to rising outdoor temperatures, but also amplifies the thermal stress resulting from the overheating of indoor spaces [1], including in residential units, resulting in an increase in the energy required for air conditioning. Thus, the simulation of the energy behavior of buildings in urban areas is conditioned by a prior assessment of the UHI intensity in the analyzed area. "Together with climate change, this phenomenon may be crucial to how we view urban areas as living environments."[1]