Emergence of a co-ordinated systematic study is seen especially in the natural sciences, considering the trend of development in the history of science. In the point of understanding the nature of goods, this development process in the natural sciences has given very positive results and current scientific developments have emerged. This paradigm begins to give direction to scientific study and it begins to be accepted in the social sciences, too. In this point, folk science ,which is a social science, is one of the suitable place for the implementation of an interdisciplinary working methods. The folk beliefs ,which are a working area of folk science, are an issue needs to be addressed with an interdisciplinary perspective. Turkish folk beliefs supply of a multi-layered structure because of carrying traces of pre-Islamic belief systems and embodying the effects of other societies ,which a contact occurred with. So , in the research of Turkish folk beliefs, it is a necessary to benefit from the branches of science such as; history, history of religions, anthropology, sociology, theology, in addition to folk sicience.

Osmaneli District is situated in Southern Marmara subregion within the borders of the Marmara Region. It is bordered by İznik (Bursa) and Pamukova (Sakarya) districts to the north, Geyve (Sakarya) and Gölpazarı (Bilecik) to the east, central district of Bilecik to the South and Yenişehir (Bursa) and İznik to the west. The district is comprised of one district and 27 affiliated villages in administrative terms with a surface of approximately 526 km² in total. This study was carried out on villages of Osmaneli district from the settlement geography. It is aimed at exploring similarities and differences between socioeconomic characteristics of the villages in the light of physical and human environment. In this scope, village settlements around Osmaneli were investigated by their name, location, elevation steps, settlement patterns, situation in respect to the forest, surface and size, economic activities and changes of site. As a result, it was found out that distribution of the village settlements is affected mainly by geomorphologic characteristics followed by physical factors such as water supply, soil and climate conditions as well as economic activities, transportation costs, security and defence and also historical and psychological factors. While doing this, cause and effect relation and mutual relationships were considered in distribution of events and settlements departing from determinism, distribution and connection principles, which are foundations of the geographical thinking. The study is supported with pictures, figures, tables and distribution maps in order to make the results clearer. The maps used in this study were obtained in the digital media on the ArcGIS by using the GIS method for improved better reliability and validity.

Gaziantep, one of the oldest cities in the world, has been the origin of numerous states and civilizations throughout history. Hurris, Hittites, Assyrians, Persians and Byzantines are just some of these civilizations. The Antep region has been under the domination of Turkish-Islamic states since the 7th century. It has been under total control of Turkish states since the 16th century. Located at the junction of significant trade routes, the city could not avoid being attacked by a great many states. Antep, which was invaded by the French and the British consecutively in the first half of the 20th century, succeeded in ridding itself of these imperialist offences.

The tradition of minstrelsy and the literature of minstrelsy are of vital importance in terms of Turkish folk literature and Turkish culture. As a representative of this tradition, ashighave become an important representation of our thoughts and feelings from past to the future. The tradition is still continued in Çukurova region. Under the perspective of this tradition, ashigfrom Çukurova not only present old ashig master works but also present new works. Ashig Ali Anbarcı has an important place in Çukurova’s minstrelsy tradition. Ali Anbarcı, who has many works, is one of the (badeli) ashigs. Among the works of Ashig Ali, the folk songs, of which subjects are the lives of Yörük people, are notable. In these folk songs, data about the origins, daily lives, traditions, customs and beliefs of Yörük can be encountered. In this study, Ashig Ali Anbarcı’s folk songs, which he sings for Yörük people, are going to be examined thoroughly.

Inspectorate was a mission which was executed in various purposes at Anatolia before the National War of Independence Period, during the National War of Independence years and after The Republic of Turkey establishing it’s governmental structure. The period of the years between 1919 – 1920, when the activities between The Ottoman Empire and the Occupation Armies started and lasted, will be addressed in this article. The war during the years of 1914 – 1918 was concluded with the defeat of the group which The Ottoman Empire was included. “The Sanction Rights of the Winners” which is the unavoidable fact of the History of Wars, has been enforced in Anatolia with the Armistice of Mudros in 30 October 1918. The national resistance movement has started as a reaction against these occupation armies in Anatolia where it was the practice zone of these sanctions. During this reaction period the Inspectorate Establishment, held a role as an institution built with the purpose of having Anatolia under the control of Ottoman Empire with the demand of the occupational armies. The most known one of these inspectors who were assigned to Anatolia with this purpose was the Inspector of the 9th Army, Mustafa Kemal Paşa.

Started in 1931 Atsız Mecmua (Atsız Journal) has been publish consecutively 17issues. In this journal folk literature, literature, history, nationalism, social issues, and some literay genres such as poems, short stories have been published. In folk literature epos, folk story, folk poem, proverb, mâni (quatrain) and sufism. In literature, has been told at this journal and poems in some manuscripts. As to the issues of history and nationalism, the most of the of the articles focused on Turan and Turkism. Atsız Mecmua addressed the social issues as well, and some articles on the anti-communism has been seen. In this article, articles in this journal have been examined on the one hand, and on the other hand a list including all materials published in Atsız Mecmua, has been given.

Kuklacı Mahmut Amca (Puppeteer Mahmut Hazım Kısakurek) who give himself the name of Traditional performance art group is performing traditional and modern poppet shows in Adana. M. Hazım Kısakurek, who is a member of UNIMA, has been performing eight Karagoz Shows, which are derived from ‘Kâr-ı Kadim’ and updated, to kids. The name of these shows, some of which are adaptation of original shows and some of which are adaptation with the present time issues, are “ Romeo ve Juliet, Kazaya dikkat, Deniz sefası, Kanlı Nigar, Hamam Sefası, Cadılar, Salıncak Sefası”. At the same time Hazım Kısakurek who manufactures traditional and modern poppet in his studio, manufactures Karagoz poppets in his studio. In our study the only Karagoz artist of Adana M. Hazım KISAKUREK’s artistic part will be introduced. And beginning from this point we’ll try to contribute showing the situations and areas where Karagoz performance survives to live and so on we’ll try to find answers on how to contribute and protect this art.

American missionaries, who had many opportunities of being engaged in educational activities during the Ottoman Regression Period, became influential on awakening of Armenian nationalism by means of the history lessons taught in their schools. American schools were affiliated with the “American Board of Commissioner for Foreign Mission”, as an American missionary association founded in 1810 in Boston functioning across the Ottoman country. However, the curriculum of history taught in those schools was not compatible with that of the Ottoman State. The American missionary schools manipulated educational activities for arising national consciousness among minorities in the areas they were serving. In this study, schools opened by American missionaries across the Ottoman territory and history lessons taught in those schools are investigated. Educational policies implemented during the Ottoman and Republic Period are addressed in general terms.

Within the extent determined by both Islam and old Turkish traditions, the most important duty of the governors is to ensure life and property security of the public. To do so, various regulations were put into effect changing from period to period. However, financial, political and military conditions of the state had some important impacts on the working of the regulations. The present study, in light of the archive documents belonging to the second half of 16th century, looks at the conditions negatively affecting the functioning of public order in Ottoman state and measures taken by the state against these conditions. As resources, the present study made use of central documents (mühimme defteri) including the opinions of the central government about the issue and local documents (şer’iye sicilleri) kept in places where the central regulations were put into effect. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of financial, military and administrative conditions in Ottoman state in the second half of 16th century on the maintenance of public order and amendments carried out to eliminate the negative influences of these conditions.