The aim of this study is to evaluate the performances of the banks operating in the Turkish banking sector. In the study, 29 deposit banks operating in Turkey using the AHS (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) methods were evaluated for the years 2011- 2013. By performing AHS and TOPSIS banks are ranked with respect to their performances.

Financial participation, financial training, and protection of financial consumer are on the top agenda in the individuals’ relationship with financial system. Especially the financial participation and financial training constitute an important aspect of financial inclusion. Within the activity of financial inclusion, it is important to reveal the relationship between financial knowledge of individuals and financial participation levels by determining them. The main aim of this study is to determine both the level of financial knowledge and financial participation as well as the relationship between them. With this respect, a survey questionnaire that was developed by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and that has been used in all over the world was used on 374 individual working in different jobs in Erzurum province. Difference and relationship analyses were applied on the data obtained. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the financial knowledge and financial participation level of individuals are low. Moreover, a statistically significant relationship was determined between the financial knowledge level and financial participation level of individuals. According to the research model, there was no significant relationship between financial information level changes and financial participation. In addition to the findings obtained in the study, recommendations were made so that financial inclusion activities can be increased.

In this study, it is aimed to investigate the relationship between youth unemployment, education and economic growth in Turkey for the period of 1988-2015 within the framework of Okun’s law, which suggests a negative relationship between unemployment rate and economic growth. In order to determine the long run and the short run relationships between youth unemployment, education and economic growth, the bounds testing approach developed by Pesaran et al.(2001) and error correction model are employed. The findings of this study indicate that there is a long-run relationship between education, economic growth, and youth unemployment. According to the long-run coefficients, that 1 percentage increase in the deviation from trend of Gross Domestic Product causes 0.48 percentage decrease in the deviation from trend of youth unemployment. The results of this study show that 1 percentage increase in the deviation from trend of number of high school graduates decreases 1.05 percentage deviation from trend of youth unemployment.

In this study, it is aimed to investigate the relationship between youth unemployment, education and economic growth in Turkey for the period of 1988-2015 within the framework of Okun’s law, which suggests a negative relationship between unemployment rate and economic growth. In order to determine the long run and the short run relationships between youth unemployment, education and economic growth, the bounds testing approach developed by Pesaran et al.(2001) and error correction model are employed. The findings of this study indicate that there is a long-run relationship between education, economic growth, and youth unemployment. According to the long-run coefficients, that 1 percentage increase in the deviation from trend of Gross Domestic Product causes 0.48 percentage decrease in the deviation from trend of youth unemployment. The results of this study show that 1 percentage increase in the deviation from trend of number of high school graduates decreases 1.05 percentage deviation from trend of youth unemployment.

Developments in credit volume have been followed in a number of countries, especially by politicians, due to their positive effects in terms of economic structure in many countries. At the beginning of the said positive effects are the increasing growth rates due to the economic revival. In this context, determining the relationship between consumer loans and the macroeconomic variables that affect it is an important research topic. In this study, belonging to Turkey in 2013: 01 -2017: covering the 02-month period, data were examined by ARDL bounds testing approach. According to the findings of the analysis, there was a negative relationship between consumer loans and inflation rates in the long run and a positive relationship was found between economic growth, confidence index and stock prices. In the short term, a significant positive correlation was observed between economic growth and stock prices and consumer credits, but there was no correlation between confidence index and inflation rates.

The aim of this study is to examine the causes of the deterioration in functional income distribution at global level since 1980, with the mainstream and heterodox literature. When discussions are made, while the mainstream literature generally focuses on skill-biased technical change (technological change), heterodox approaches highlight the new economic architecture created by globalization and financialization. The study has reached the conclusion that heterodox approaches have drawn a broader framework to explain the decline in labor incomes. However, it has been underlined that the co-operation of skill-biased technical change and financialization phenomena will have an efficient and meaningful explanation power.

The data obtained from 402 employees working in first class holiday camp villages and five-star hotels operating in Turkey is used in this study. In the analyses, the interaction between factor load and reliability is investigated with structural model test by respectively making use of descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modelling with PLS Algorithm for hypotheses testing. The result of this study indicated that empowerment and work loneliness have a significant effect on intention to leave the job, while perceived power distance is found not to be effecting employees’ intention to leave.

History is filled with the economic, cultural and ideological wars of the societies. While these wars are based on apparent cause, military power, and economic embargo, they have often been attacked by their belonging and their values are disreputable. Islamophobia and anti-Islamism are also one of these areas. After the end of the Cold War, the West, seeking to dominate the world, has successfully emerged from the struggle with the danger of communism and has searched for a new horror. At this point, the Islamic enemy lies at the base of the Islamic fear that it engages in, and it is an indisputable fact because of the labelling of Muslims as terrorists. Especially after the events of September 11, the West has legitimized its occupation with this fear and has reduced it to the concept of "civilization" and the barbarism it has made to the concept of "civilization conflict". The different faces of this Islamic hostility, which in time overflowed the Blood of the Middle East, influenced Turkey, whose Muslim population today is almost entirely Muslim, in various areas. Especially the creation of secularism, the controversy over the years, the issue of the head cover over the years, the enmity of the 28 February process and secular-religious distinction drove our country to chaos at different times.

The concept of “harmonization” refers to the transposition of any legal acts, processes and negotiations that have been adopted by the EU to the candidate country’s national law throughout the process of harmonization. Thus, just as each candidate country is subject to the same acquis as the member states; the member states also become a part of a central authority. Due to the supra-national structure of the European Union, member states are delegating some of their own powers concerning agriculture, justice, finance etc. to this superior authority and depend on the policy this authority will apply. Therefore, in the national characteristics of the state policy regarding these titles suffer erosion. In consequence of the integration process, the European Union has reached the largest single market in the world with over 500 million consumers and a gross national product of about 14 trillion Euros. In this common market, the labor force can move freely, companies can operate on any field they wish, capital and services can cross borders without facing any obstructions, and goods can easily be purchased and sold. The EU can regulate the acceptance of goods and services, set minimum standards and encourage investments with structural funds. However, the essential condition for these advances is that they require unanimous vote. Herewith, a legal obligation for member states to comply with the regulations made, and consequently the harmonization of harmonious economic and financial policies can be talked about. The focus of this study is the harmonization of the national policies of the states constituting the European Union regarding economy. The purpose of the study is to explain the legal ground and the tools used in the harmonization process.