Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are rare, aggressive soft tissue sarcomas arising from peripheral nerves that present great challenges to known treatment modalities. Here, we present a case of MPNST involving the dorsum of a penis in a 13-month-old boy. The mass was incomplete excised and a circumcision was performed. Histological study revealed spindle cell tumor of the lesion. Immunohistochemistry showed a strong positive staining for tumor cells. A high grade malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor was diagnosed.

Long-term urethral catheterization may cause complications such as urinary tract infection, bladder and peritoneal perforation, bladder spasms, catheter-associated penile fracture, urethral stricture, and parafimosis. In addition to all these complications, long-term urethral catheter-induced iatrogenic hypospadias, as in our case, is a rare condition. Here, we describe a case of a 16-year-old male with neurologic bladder who was found to have iatrogenic hypospadias 2 months after urinary catheterization.

The lower urinary tract dysfunction of the neurogenic bladder often worsens owing to dysfunction of the bladder itself. We treated a patient with spina bifida who experienced bladder dysfunction that worsened owing to an abdominal pseudocyst that developed as a complication of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. After removal of the pseudocyst, the urinary tract infection was controlled and bladder dysfunction was alleviated to a basal level.

Fowler and colleagues described a condition currently known as Fowler s syndrome in young women with unexplained urinary retention associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Herein, we present a case of a 13 year old woman diagnosed with Fowler s Syndrome as a result of clinical, radiological and urodynamic electromyogram findings. Fowler s syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis in children with unexplained chronic urinary retention.

A four-year-old boy presenting with neuropathic bladder and hydrocephalus developed Fournier s gangrene of the scrotum and perineum. At first, he was in septic shock and intubated. After debridement and grafting, he was taken to the normal service room from the intensive care unit. He was discharged on the 29th postoperative day. We performed bilateral orchiectomy due to testicular involvement and also repair and flap application to urethra due to its involvement. We think that our case is interesting because Fournier s gangrene is already rare in children and our case also contains atypical involvement sites such as testes and urethra.