Wilms’ Tumor (WT) is the commonest renal tumor seen in children. WT frequently occurs in association with various urological malformations and genetic syndromes. We report a case of ambiguous genitalia with cryptorchidism and simple renal cysts, who went on to develop WT at the site of renal cysts. Management and follow up protocols are discussed along with relevant literature.

There are many different variants of classical bladder exstrophy (BE) and covered BE is one of these rare variants which has an association with heterotropic hind gut duplication cyst. We report a case of a 20 months old girl with covered BE, who had a 5 cm cystic mass attached anteriorly to the bladder, which turned out to be a hind gut duplication cyst on histopathology examination. So a possibility of a heterotopic hind gut duplication cyst should be kept in mind if a cystic mass is found anterior to a covered BE.

Neonatal adrenal hemorrhages (NAH) may be encountered in cases of perinatal asphyxia. The differentiation of malignant lesions and bleeding in the adrenal gland detected in the neonatal period is very important for treatment and prognosis. Ultrasonography (US) is the first preferred imaging method in NAH because it is non-invasive and easy to apply. Vascularization is not detected in hematomas in Doppler US examination. However, conventional Doppler imaging techniques (CDIT) may not adequately show the blood flow (BF) of the lesions. Super micro-vascular imaging (SMI) is a new vascularization imaging technique that eliminates motion artifacts, provides detailed information about very slow blood flow, and allows imaging of microvascular structures. SMI can be operated in 2 modes: color SMI (cSMI) and monochrome SMI (mSMI). The cSMI mode simultaneously displays a conventional grayscale US with color-coded Doppler signals. The monochrome SMI mode improves the visibility of vascular structures by eliminating background signals and focusing only on vasculature signals. In this case report, we aimed to present a case of NAH detected by SMI in the neonatal period and we wanted to emphasize the usefulness of SMI.

Acute scrotum is a common clinical problem in children and torsion event superimposed on complete dissociation of the testicle and epididymis can be difficult to diagnose and often requires scrotal exploration. To the best of our knowledge, four cases of isolated torsion of the epididymis have been reported in the literature. We report a 17-year-old male patient with epididymal torsion who presented with testicular pain and hemi-scrotum swelling. Due to painful symptoms, emergency scrotal surgery exploration of the patient revealed a complete epididymis infarction due to isolated epididymal torsion with dissociation of the testis and epididymis.

Lichen scleroatrophicus (LS) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory dermatosis of the skin and mucous membranes, initially characterized by ivory-colored, oval and sharply demarcated papules, plaques and atrophy. The cause of the disease is still unknown, although autoimmune, genetic, hormonal and infectious factors are to blame. The disease is usually anogenital in childhood. Extragenital placement is very rare during this period. The abrasive appearance can be confused with child abuse, especially in genital LS. In this article we present a 4-year-old girl case with genital and extra genital LS lesions.