The aim of this study was to model the potential distribution of nonwood forest products in the Turkmen Mountain of Turkey. Cistus laurifolius, Crataegus monogyna subsp. monogyna, Crataegus orientalis, Rosa canina, Salvia tomentosa and Thymus longicaulis species were selected due to their economic value. Field data were collected from 693 sample plots. Elevation, slope, aspect, parent material, topographic position index, radiation index and bioclimatic variables were used as explanatory variables. Generalized Additive Model (GAM) and Classification and Regression Tree technique (CART) were applied in the modeling processes. The most accurate distribution models for all species were obtained with GAM. Elevation became the most descriptive variable within the distribution models. In addition, parent material, precipitation seasonality (Bio15) and topographical position index played important roles in the model construction process. Visualizations of the distribution models were performed by Geographical Information System software.

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of potassium at different concentrations on the growth of black pine seedlings. The study was carried out with 1+0 black pine seedlings of AfyonkarahisarAhirdagi origin grown in polyethene container filled with perlite in Eskisehir Forest Nursery. The seedlings were grown using different nutrient solutions with potassium concentrations of 0-23-35-47-100 and 150 ppm. Nutrient concentrations, root-collar diameter, height, root length, number of lateral roots, and dry weight of the seedlings were determined. Data were evaluated by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. According to results of the statistical analyses, potassium doses impacted on seedling height, root-collar diameter and number of lateral root. The tallest and the thickest seedlings were produced with 23 ppm potassium nutrition while the highest lateral roots with 100 ppm. As a result, it is possible to raise the afforestation success in arid and semi-arid regions by producing potassium-fed black pine seedlings with higher, thicker root-collar diameter and a higher number of lateral roots.

In this study, it was aimed to see the effects of wildfire on biochemical properties of soil and the effects of removing the residuals of burned trees on the soil, as well. Chemical and biological properties of soil on oak (Quercus pubescens) and crimean pine (Pinus nigra) mixed sites were studied after a wildfire, in Safranbolu which is in Black SeaCentral Anatolia transition zone. Statistical evaluation for burned (with and without burned trees) and unburned (control) areas monitored for three years was made according to two-way anova analysis, and Duncan and Dunnett T3 post hoc tests were conducted with SPSS21. The results indicated that low- and moderate-intensity forest fire had positive effects on some chemical properties of soil (pH, CaCO3, Ca, P2O5) while it had no effects on some of them (EC, OM, TN, acid phosphatase,) or had negative effects (ß-D glucosidase, urease enzyme activities) on others. In the light of analyzed parameters, it was not detected any negative effects of salvage logging works in the forests, after a low- and moderate-intensity fire, on the improvement of soil properties.

It is important to evaluate structure ignition risk during a wildland fire, i.e. wildfire hazard rating studies. At this study, “Linear Combination” approach in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique, which is a method based on mathematical combination, was adopted for wildfire hazard rating method. First, it would establish a set of weights for each of the primary criteria and sub-criteria. It was found that the “pairwise comparison” approach in AHP technique was very useful for this aim. So different wildland fire experts’ judgments would be specified by using this approach, and the weights of the primary criteria and sub-criteria were evaluated with respect to judgments made by different wildland fire experts. Later on, multiple criteria analysis, i.e. Linear Combination technique, was used to combine the primary criteria and sub-criteria. Building type 4 that had 2,313 total fire hazard points was building type that had the highest fire hazard ratio among building types that had “high fire hazard ratio”. Holiday village 2 that had 1,895 total fire hazard points was building type that had the highest fire hazard ratio among building types that had “middle fire hazard ratio”. There was no building type that had “low fire hazard ratio”

The precise calculation of the unit cost of the timber logs depends on the accuracy of unit working time in harvesting operation. Currently, the unit working time is determined by using derived coefficients depending on some variables obtained through previous time studies. This study was conducted to estimate unit time of cable skidding with agricultural tractor as one of the timber extraction methods. In this research, by taking various variables into account, time study analysis was performed on extraction of wood-raw materials obtained from Turkish red pine, black pine, fir and Scots pine tree species by using a cable attached to the tractor. The data were obtained from the programmed harvesting sites of Adana, Bolu and Kastamonu Forest Regional Directorates by implementing direct time measurement method. As a result of the research, in the extraction of logs from the harvesting units by cable skidding, human working time and machine working time per cubic meter were calculated separately on the basis of tree types by considering the variables including the number of pieces, cable length, slope of the road, and the amount of load. Besides, it was determined that average human and machine working time was respectively 21,26 and 17,60 min/100 per cubic meter under the conditions of 100 m skidding distance, 50 percent slope gradient, and 5 pieces at each shift in cable skidding for coniferous logs.

Biological resources and their diversity are regarded as one of the most important sources of the services provided by ecosystems. The contribution of the forest resources to social welfare has great importance among natural resources, and the techniques and studies on for the evaluation of this contribution are essential.In this study, Spil Mountain in Manisa province where industrialization and urbanization is increasing in the Aegean Region, was determined as the study area. The aim of this study was to show the continuity of the services provided by the biodiversity in Spil Mountain and the importance for the people living in the vicinity. A questionnaire was conducted with face to face interview technique with 444 individuals living in Manisa city center and visiting Spil Mountain. Contingent valuation method was used to determine the contribution of the conservation of Spil Mountain biodiversity to social welfare. According to the findings of the study, the annual value of preserving the biodiversity of Spil Mountain was estimated to be 5.220.000 TL.

The need for alternative food sources has become more important with the rapid increase in population. Mushroom is an important food, which can be harvested more than once a year under suitable conditions, easily grown and is high in nutritional value. It can also grow spontaneously in nature depending on the season and meet the nutritional needs of people living in the rural areas. The purpose of this study was to examine the mushroom production in Turkey and estimations were made to determine mushroom production in Turkey in the future. In this context, using the data from 1985-2016, mushroom production values for the next ten years have been estimated using ARIMA (Box-Jenkins). The results showed that the mushroom production of Turkey would exceed 100 thousand tons in 2025 by gradually increasing.

In the forest nurseries with a large area, the effective weed control necessitates the use of modern mechanization techniques. In this study, we aimed at fighting against the weeds in seedbeds easily and quickly and in a more economical and effective way with the development of EFRICAD (Aegean Forestry Research Institute Computer Aided Design). There is no such a trailer type-seedbed spraying equipment that is used in the forest nurseries today. In this context, the EFRICAD equipment was tested in the Muradiye (Manisa) Forest Nursery, and cost analysis was performed and by comparing the cost of existing control methods, the economic returns of the equipment were calculated. Results of the plot application in a 50-decare (da) area in the nursery production program showed that the costs calculated in nursery for weed control on 1+0 year old bare-root seedlings, were 11.94 times higher in General Directorate of Forestry (GDF) unit prices and 12.56 times higher in local market conditions than the use of EFRICAD equipment. As a result, we suggest that using EFRICAD equipment on seedling beds in the forest nurserie