The fight of the Bolsheviks against religion and believers in Azerbaijan after the Sovietization, especially the disregard for the democratic principle of freedom of conscience, provoked strong protests from the people, as well as from influential clerics. The national traditions of the people were grossly violated during the campaign against Muharram, Ramadan, Eid al-Adha and Novruz holidays. This led to such large-scale protests that even the Bolsheviks in power had to admit it. Attitude towards Islam was one of the main issues of Narimanov’s policy and took an important place in his views of national statehood. He repeatedly protested against anti-religious campaign. He believed that it would be a great mistake to look at Islam as a theory that seeks to hinder culture and progress. Thus, although the antireligious company took on the character of a fierce struggle in the Union of the Godless and other state policies, it was not possible to tear the religious values that had seeped through the centuries from the soul of the people. The main goal is to objectively study the negative attitude to Islamic values after the April 1920 revolution, the great socio-political figure Nariman Narimanov’s view of Islam, different from that of the Bolsheviks, the struggle against Islam in the ruling circles of Azerbaijan based on facts and archival materials.

In the research work, on the basis of numerous historical sources, scientific works and archival documents, the historical quarters that existed in the city of Ganja were studied as carriers of multicultural values and tolerant traditions. On a scientific basis, the demographic situation of the population, observed in different historical periods in the populated areas, the characteristic features of the culture of coexistence that have been preserved here for centuries, has been studied. In addition to the local population, a positive attitude was noted towards representatives of various peoples resettled in our country since the 19th century, including the city of Ganja and its surrounding areas, respect for their national and religious dignity.

The subject of the article is the Sumerians, the creators of human culture. The history of the Sumerians, their geographical locations, cultures, discoveries, languages, customs, rules, legal system, novelties they have given to mankind have been studied here. The similarities between the Sumerian language and the Turkish language, as well as the degree of closeness of the Sumerian and Turkic peoples are the subject of discussion. One of the main

The article is dedicated to the destruction of the libraries and book fund subjected to Armenian vandalism that existed in this area during the occupation of Karabakh by the Armenian armed forces. The history of Karabakh libraries, which are an integral part of our culture, especially in the occupied territories, the organization, development and formation of the Centralized Library Systems implemented in the 70s and 80s of the 20th century, comparative analysis and perspectives of the situation before and after the occupation were investigated. Thus it was studied that, in the late 19th century and early 20th century, the regional central libraries and regional public libraries on the basis of the private libraries that existed before them were operating in this region. During the administrative regionalization of the region, Centralized Library Systems were created in separate regions on the basis of existing libraries. In this article, in addition to Shusha, Lachin, Kalbajar, Khojaly, Gubadli, Zangilan, Jabrayil districts, which all territories and settlelments were completely occupied, library sistems of Fuzuli, Aghdam and Gazakh districts which most of the territories were under occupation were also mentioned. The article also paid attention to the operation of library systems in difficult conditions in different areas during nearly thirty years, during the years of forced displacement, book fund, employees, readers, book distribution and other issues.

Unlike in the past, the global world today is full of inter-ethnic contradictions and conflicts, confrontations and other problems. In such a situation, there is a great need for mutual dialogue and the maintenance of sustainable tolerance in order to regulate the political course of society. Enlightenment of people in the society, especially youth in this spirit, unconditionally, is carried out in accordance with the main line of domestic and foreign policies of the state through various means of propaganda including the teaching of relevant subjects in educational institutions.. In accordance with the realities of the need for a modern international sociopolitical arena, one of the subjects taught in higher educational institutions is “Introduction to multiculturalism.” The article explains the etymological meaning and essence of multiculturalism, as well as methodological requirements to its teaching

The article deals with the medieval material culture samples found in the Khudutepe multi-lateral settlement in the Jalilabad region in the southeast of Azerbaijan. It is noted that during the excavations in the settlement rich unglazed and glazed pottery, glass 107Az?rbaycan Respublikasi Dini Qurumlarla Is üzr? Dövl?t Komit?sinin Jurnali Dövl?t v? Din - ? 02 (73) 2022 ARASDIRMA ornaments of the Renaissance period were found. The location of the settlement in a favorable geographical area shows that intensive life was formed in Khudutepe in the 11th-13th centuries

In the article, the spread of Bektashism in the Balkan Peninsula was studied on the example of different countries. First, the reasons for the spread of Bektashism were investigated, the assumptions of some scientists were touched upon, and the different manifestations of the spread of Bektashism in different geographical areas were discussed. The article also provides information about the countries of the Balkan Peninsula, which played an exceptional role in the spread of Bektashism. Thus, in countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Greece, Bektashism became an object of historical discussion. The article also mentions information about the personalities which were the founders of tekkes, who played a role in the spread of Bektashism, and the reasons for the spread and fall of Bektashism in the Balkans. The role of the Ottoman state in the spread and fall of Bektashism in the Balkans was studied in the article.

The article deals with issues related to interreligious and intercultural aspects of oral and written business communication in the Azerbaijani language. It is emphasized that taking into account the religious, national-cultural differences of the participants of business communication is very important in increasing the effectiveness of communication. Information is given on the equal treatment of representatives of different religious confessions in Azerbaijan, the measures taken to ensure a high level of religious tolerance in our country, the parameters by which representatives of different cultures are distinguished, as well as the types of perception of intercultural differences are shown. Special attention is paid to national and cultural traditions in written business communication. The conclusion reached when working on the topic is that it is very important to take into account religious and national-cultural differences for both oral and written forms of business communication. Knowing and understanding the characteristics of one’s own national culture, as well as showing respect for the cultural values of other peoples with whom one has business relations, being cautious when evaluating their behavior and weighing the decisions made is an important condition for the effectiveness of intercultural business communication.

At the end of the 20th century - the beginning of the 21st century, profound changes in the world affected all areas of life - education, upbringing system and human socialization. These changes led to the emergence of new global problems, which are now called universal. These include environmental problems, terrorism, the threat of nuclear war, and the demographic crisis. All these are not only social but also deep existential problems. Society is not only a collection of individuals. Society is the product of human interactions; It is human activity in various forms that unites them. It is clear that philosophy should be directly involved in solving problems in society. One of such global philosophical problems is the problem of human alienation. The problem of alienation is one of the most urgent problems of modern socio-philosophical thought. Alienation as a process covers the whole human life, manifests itself in the loss of control over the products of one’s activity, in the contradictions between the nature of the human being and the nature of social relations. In our opinion, alienation should

Quran is the quintessence of all religions, it combines all the religions and beliefs of the world. The general idea reflected in them whether in the Abrahamic religions, ancient myths, Zoroastrianism, Vedas, Buddhism, Shintoism or other religions is spiritual and rational development of man. Muslim culture is considered as a syncretic culture that includes ancient and modern cultural traditions of different peoples. It was greatly influenced by Quran, the holy book of Muslims which formulated the main rules of the world reflection.

In this article, we investigated how religion plays a role in the identity formation process of young people and what kind of effect it has. In the study, an answer to this question 79Az?rbaycan Respublikasi Dini Qurumlarla Is üzr? Dövl?t Komit?sinin Jurnali Dövl?t v? Din - ? 02 (73) 2022 ARASDIRMA is sought on the basis of academic studies on personality and religion through the method of literature review. As a result of the research, it has been concluded that religion contributes to the determination of the reason and purpose of existence in the world of identity seeking, and also guides the individual to take place in the network of social relations. In addition, it has been concluded that religion plays a clear and dominant role in determining individual, social, cultural and ethnic identity when it plays the role of a person’s supreme identity.

Ibn Rushd, who preferred rational doctrine, is considered a “philosopher of philosophers” in the Islamic world. According to Ibn Rushd, the founder of the philosophical doctrine of Averroism, Aristotle was the only philosopher who lived in the world. Ibn Rushd is best known in the West for his translation of Aristotle’s works and his detailed commentaries on them. Adhering to Aristotle’s philosophical doctrine, Ibn Rushd was known in the Islamic world as a “sharih”, in the Latin world as a “commentator”, and in the West as “Averroes”. Aristotle’s legacy was rediscovered in the West through by Ibn Rushd’s translarions into Latin. Ibn Rushd devoted thirty years of his meaningful life to commenting on the works of Aristotle. All the works of the “first teacher” were commented on, except for the work “Politics”, which he could not get during this period. Ibn Rushd, the last great representative of the Masha’i teaching, has written more than 150 works in the fields of politics, religion, law, medicine and philosophy. At the same time, the philosophical system created by Ibn Rushd has original features. At the heart of Ibn Rushd’s philosophy was the problem of combining reason, faith and knowledge. In general, rational knowledge occupies a leading position in Ibn Rushd’s philosophy, and this feature of the philosopher’s philosophical system makes it possible to understand the existence of God, the world, and man.

As in all monotheistic religions, the names and attributes of Allah are comprehensively studied on the basis of ayats and hadiths of the Quran. These attributes of Allah constitute the main branch of various theological fields, especially the science of discourse (science of kelam) under the religious term “asmaul-husna». Scholars have different opinions and serious disaccords about the divine attributes, a controversial branch of the science of discourse. Summarizing all these ideas, the attributes of Allah are divided into three parts – essential names, names related to creation, existence, and the names related to human being, according to the classification of the “Asmaul-husna” of Abu Isa at-Tirmizi, a famous Islamic scholar. This article contains the religious-scientific analysis of the manuscript copies of Sadraddin al-Konavi’s work «Sharh asma Allah al-husna», Sadraddin al-Shirazi’s work «Tafsir al-Quran» and the other one named “Sharh asmallah” by an unknown author, preserved in Azerbaijan

Among the Azerbaijani historians of philosophy of the XX century, one of the researchers of numerous Western European worldview systems was Alexander Osipovich Makovelsky. Despite the fact that his approaches to various periods of the history of Western philosophy differ in their diversity, the basis of all these methods is the method of systematic research. Makovelsky consistently expounds the history of philosophy as the history of logic. This moment, in turn, is an extremely effective way of forming a whole picture of the stages of Western philosophy analyzed by him. In addition, Makovelsky’s ability to interpret the history of Western philosophy in a clear and understandable language is also one of the important factors. In the Soviet period, in numerous studies on the history of Western, in particular, on ancient Greek philosophy, references to the rich legacy of Makovelsky also directly indicate his high achievements in the field of philosophy. Similar factors stemming from Makovelsky’s professionalism also had a positive impact on the study and teaching of the history of Western philosophy in Azerbaijan during the Soviet period. And also, the pedagogical activity of Makovelsky in the main educational institutions of Azerbaijan and the training of most of our historians of philosophy in the Soviet era deserve praise.