The objective of the study to find out the relationship of validation of fitness test based on kasch pulse recovery test to AAHPER fitness test. In this study thirty male undergraduate and postgraduate students (B.P.Ed & M.P.Ed), 10 students each from B.P.Ed, M.P.Ed-I, and M.P.Ed.-II year were selected respectively. The age of the subjects ranged from 22-25 years. In order to find out the relationship to fitness test based on Kasch pulse recovery test to AAHPER fitness test, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation was applied for statistical analysis. The level of significance at 0.05 level. The finding reveals that there is insignificance relationship exists between the pulse recovery test and AAHPER Youth Fitness test.

The purpose of the study was to compare the degree of aggression between interuniversity level of female cricket and kho-kho players. Sixty female cricketers (N=30) and kho-kho (N=30) players from the different university which were taken participated in east zone kho-kho and cricket tournament organized by V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur in January 2014. Subjects were selected were randomly for the purpose of the study. The age of the subjects were ranging 18 to 25 years. Criterion measure chosen to test the hypothesis was the scores obtained in Sports Aggression Inventory by Anand Kumar and Prem Sankar Shukla. For the purpose of analysis of data 't' test was employed to compare the degree of aggression between cricket players and kho-kho players. The result of the study shows that the significant difference between the mean of the kho-kho and cricket players on the scores of aggression since the obtained value of 't' (3.24) was higher than the tabulated value of 't'(2.01) at 0.05 which was required to be significant at (58) degree of freedom with 0.05 level of confidence.

Multiculturalism is an ideal perspective to view the diverse American society. It celebrates not only the various color and cultural facets of American society but also the color consciousness at various levels across the literary genres and even the films particularly produced by the whites. American culture is multifaceted in that it consists of multilayered ethnic groups struggling to establish their cultural identity. One of the ways to understand American multiculturalism is by watching the films that deal with cultural conflicts pertaining to racial prejudices as they are the products of mass culture of America. This paper seeks to study how American films picture cultural relations and cultural values as they appear and get labeled as cultural stereotypes. Spectators of American films are invited to watch and observe those aspects while they are building their image about how Indian, European, African or other minority groups in America view each other.

Papaya (Carica papaya Linn.) is well known for its exceptional nutritional and medicinal properties throughout the world. From the times immemorial, the whole Carica papaya plant including its leaves, seeds, ripe and unripe fruits and their juice is used as traditional medicine. The fruit has a large oval shape, yellowish -green skin and yellow flesh. Now a day, Carica papaya is considered as nutraceutical fruit due to its multi faceted medicinal and nutritional properties. The prominent medicinal properties of Carica papaya include anti-fertility, uterotonic, and diuretic, anti-hypertensive, wound healing, anti bacterial activities. Nutritionally the whole plant contains enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin C, B-complex vitamins and potassium. The present article reviews the nutritional and medicinal uses of Carica papaya.

The goal of all educational programme is to develop self motivated and self directed individuals. Ever since independence, the importance of physical education as an integral part of the education of our youth has been taken in to account in our overall educational planning. Traditionally education thought off are filling up other mind with facts in educational institution.

This paper describes about that importance of Human Resource Information Systems in current scenario.Human Resource Information System (HRIS) is an opportunity for organizations to make the HR department administratively and strategically participative in operating the organization. It is basically an intersection of human resources and information technology through a HR software solution. This allows HR activities and processes to occur electronically.A HRIS generally should provide the capability to more effectively plan, control and manage HR costs; achieve improved efficiency and quality in HR decision making; and improve employee and managerial productivity and effectiveness. In most situations, an HRIS will also lead to increases in efficiency when it comes to making decisions in HR. This research paper helps to know about how HRIS help the organization to enhance the efficiency of work.

भारतात जाती व वर्णव्यवस्थेमुळे मोठ्या प्रमाणात विषमता निर्माण झाली होती . त्यामुळे स्वतंत्र्यानंतर राजकीय विकासाच्या दृष्टीने प्रयत्न झाले . राजकीय दृष्टया स्थानिक स्वराज्य संस्था महत्त्वाचा आहे. केद्र व राज्य सरकार पासून स्थानिक स्वराज्य संस्थांपर्यत मोठी दरी निर्माण होते . त्यामुळे विकेद्रीकरणातून ग्रामीण विकासाच्या दृष्टीने पंराजचे महत्त्व वाढले .

प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र के अंतर्गत छात्तीसगढ कृषि क्षेत्र में कार्यरत महिलाओं का अध्ययन किया गया है , किन्तु उवत विषय के विस्तृत तथा घं अध्ययन हेतु छत्तीसगढ़ के तीन जिलों रायपुर , जांजगीर- चंपा कीरबा एवं इनके 5 विकासखंड तथा इन विकासखंडो के अंतर्गत 50 ग्राम पंचायतों का चयन प्राथमिक अध्ययन हेतु किया गया है| किए गए शोध का अध्ययन बिन्दु महिला कृषिक है अतअ: इस संदर्भ में उनकी भू- स्वामित्व की स्थिति , संचाई सिविधा, उत्पादित फसल ,कृषि फसल की विक्री तथा उससे आय , व्यय , बचत , से सम्बिधित स्थिति के अध्ययन हेतू चयनित जिलों से प्राथमिक आंकड़ो का वर्गीकरण एवं विश्लेषण क्र उनकी कृषि स्थिति का मूल्याकंन तथा समस्याओं को रेखांकित किया गया है|

A well-implemented work-life strategy greatly reduces both the real and perceived overwork and out-of-balance pressures that hamper productivity, producing a dramatic positive return on investment. In this study the researcher identified the various factors that cause work life imbalance to the women employees in the private sector banks. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaire administered to middle level women employees from top 2 private sector banks in Tamilnadu. Data was collected from respective banks head office from four main districts namely Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai and Trichy. Totally there were 1050 middle level women employees from all the branches from two banks and out of that 650 employees were chosen as sample using simple random sampling (lottery method). The researcher analyzed the data using the SPSS – Statistical Package for Social science. The following tests were administered 1) Multiple regression and 2) Reliability test. Based on the test results some of the suitable findings were derived that will be significant and relevant to present Indian banking scenario.

Labour / Worker play an important role in the industrial production. The cooperation of workers is possible only when they are fully satisfied with their employer and the working conditions on the job. Organisations need to provide various social security benefits such as medical care, mortality benefits, pension etc., as specified by law. The company having realised the importance of welfare and social security measures introduced several welfare schemes for its workers. The labour welfare schemes can be classified into two categories viz. statutory and non-statutory welfare schemes. The statutory schemes are those schemes that are compulsory to provide by an organization as compliance to the laws governing employee health and safety. These include provisions provided in industrial acts. It also provides various non-statutory welfare facilities such as medical, education, recreation, housing/quarters, consumer cooperative stores, consumer co-operative credit society etc. Every organization provides the statutory welfare measures. But few organizations provide more welfare facilities to the employees so that they retain the employees by increasing their quality of work life.

Among 124 children screened, E.histolytica and G.intestinalis were the commonest parasites isolated (each 37.7%), followed by H.nana(11.6%), Hookworm(8.7%) and Strongyloides(4.3%). 55.6% of children were found to be positive for intestinal parasites. Infection rate was highest in 8 years age group(66.7%). Females (55%) were infected more than males (40%). This study shows that, Intestinal parasitic infection is a major public health problem in rural areas of India. Poverty, low literacy rate, open-air defecation, washing of the anal area by hand after defecation and rural residence are the significant associations.

“SEZ represents a geographical area from where exports and imports activities are carried on for the promotion and growth of export with relaxation in some nation's laws here. It provides quick, efficient and hassle free imports-exports opportunities to the units because of minimum bureaucracy, best infrastructure, generous tax holidays, unlimited duty free imports of raw material, other inputs as well as capital goods.SEZ also work as a development tool for a nation by attracting FDI.”

Fish Farming as an occupation has gained tremendous popularity in the state of Assam, over the past few years. The emergence and recent upsurge of fish farming as a promising occupation, besides other factors, has been significantly induced by the positive interventions and developmental initiatives of the State, as well as, the Central Government. This paper, therefore, attempts to give an overview of the governments' recent and on-going initiatives, programmes and activities – all directed towards achieving sustainable development for the fishery sector of the state.

“भारतीय शेतकरी कर्जात जन्म घेतो,कर्जात वाढतो,कर्जात मरतो आणि आपल्या वारसांवर कर्जाचा भार देवुन जातो.”रॉयल कमीशन ऑन अॅग्रीकल्चर हे विधान ग्रामिण भागातील कर्जबाजरीपणा व त्याबाबतचे स्वरूप स्पष्ट करण्यास उपयुक्त आहे.जेव्हा ऋणग्रस्तता निर्माण होते तेव्हा शेतक-याचे उत्पन्न हे त्याचे कर्ज परतपेड करण्यासाठी पर्याप्त राहत नाही.

राज्यस्थेच्या उत्पत्तीचा ऊहापोह करतांना महात्मा जोतीराव फुले यांनी सिद्धांत व दैवी सिद्धांतयाचं समन्वय साधण्याचा प्रयत्न केलेला आढळतो . जोतीरावांच्या मते राजयपुर्व निसर्गाव्स्थेतील मानवी जीवन अत्यंत भांत , सुंदर फळ-फुलांनी बहरलेले आल्हद्दयी असे पवित्र होते.

प्रस्तुत संशोधननाबोर्ड ने कृषी व ग्रामीण विकासासाठी विविध योजनाच्या माध्यमातून केलेला पुनर्वत्ती पुरवठयाचा आढावा घेतला आहे. नाबोर्ड ही स्थापने पासून कृषी व ग्रामीण विकासातील शिखर संस्था असून विकासासाठी सहकारी संस्था व व्यापारी बँक मार्फत अप्रत्यक्ष वित पुरवठा करत असून त्यामध्ये सातत्याने वाढ होत आहे. पुनर्वित्त पुरवठयात अलिकडे काळात व्यापारी बँकाचे प्रमाण वाढत आहे .

नारी और संगीत प्रकृति और स्वभाव से एक दुसरे के निकट है| अनादि काल से नारी एक दुसरे के पूरक रहें है | नारी कंठ की बनवाटप्रकृति ने ही कुछ इस प्रकार से की है उससे निकले स्वर स्वत: मधुर और मनमोहक हो जाते है | प्राचीन काल से आज तक नारी ने संगीत कीन उन्नति में अहम योगदान दिया है |

19व्या शतकातील सुधारण ह्या जरी देशपातळीवर राजकीय , सामाजिक , आर्थिक आणि सांस्कृतिकदृष्टया महत्वाच्या मानल्यातरी महाराष्टाच्या संदर्भात यांना विशेष महत्त्व आहे. कारण ह्याच शतकामध्ये समाजमनात सर्वाग जागृति घडविण्याचा प्रयत्न विविधप्रकारे या शतकात घडून आला . राजकीय जाणीवा , परंपरावादावर प्रहार आणि सामाजिक परंपरा नांकरणारा आणि मानव्याला आकार देणारा विचार महाराष्ट्रात जागृत झाला

Nowadays, the product quality in furniture industry is more and more required for the competitiveness of the products on the market. The quality is defined through a high processing accuracy, high quality of the raw materials, good design and high quality of the finished surfaces. The aim of this paper is to give the overview information about the need for impact test and the design calculation related to impact testing machine for wooden furniture.

The present paper highlight about the National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC) 2010 which is categorized into eight missions and one of the eight missions is the National Mission for Sustainable Habitat (NMSH) to address solid waste management issue to make it sustainable and give legal recognition to the informal sector on the other hand one of the deliverables of the Mission is the formulation of National Sustainable Habitat Standards. These standards would subsequently get integrated with relevant regulations to ensure that future developments are aligned in accordance with concerns related to climate change.

Nutrition is the science of foods, the nutrients and other substance therein, their action, interaction and balance in relationship to health and disease; the processes by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs, transports and utilizes nutrients and disposes of their end products. Nutrition is the science that interprets the relationship of food to the functioning of the living organism. Life can be sustained only with adequate nourishment. Men needs food for growth, development and lead an active, productive and healthy life. The objective of the study to assess the knowledge about Nutrition among the school going student .Total of 100 students were selected from five different schools of Lucknow district. The study was carried out using the following tools for assist the knowledge about Nutrition. Selfdesigned questionnaire was used in the study. Data shows that 44 % of respondent had a very good awareness, 17 % had good, and 39 % is average knowledge about the nutrition. The result shows that the out of 100 respondents 61 % of respondents were aware about the knowledge of nutrients and 39 % of respondent were not aware about the knowledge of nutrients.

Because of the high strength / number of students in a class, a teacher may not be able to give individual attention to all the students in the class and minimum level of learning is also not very often ascertained in a day to day teaching of today. A remedy over it is Programmed Learning (PL). Programmed Learning or Programmed Instruction is a learning methodology or technique first proposed by the behaviorist B. F. Skinner in 1958, an American behavioral psychologist and is based on the theory that learning in many areas is best accomplished by small, incremental steps with immediate reinforcement, or reward, for the learner. The paper discusses the concept of PL, principles of PL, styles of PL, merits and limitations of PL. It also presents how a power point PL programme can be used for students' self-paced, individualized learning. Two such programmes are presented along with the paper. One is on the topic SQUARE of Mathematics and the other is on Pair of Angles, a topic of SSCE sixth standard Mathematics. The later being a M. Ed. level research guided by the author to the student Prajakta Rajmane. The programme is called 'Computerized Programmed Learning Programme' (C-PLP) to be presented in power point presentation in view show mode in order to work it in the desired way.

Aim of the study was to investigate the leadership and aggression among individual game players team game players. Hypotheses: first there is no significant difference between individual game players and team game players with respect to leadership. Second is there is no significant difference between individual game players and team game players with respect to aggression. Sample: For the present study 120 Sample were belongings to and Aurangabad, 60 subjects were individual game players. And team game players. The age range of subjects was 18-24 years. Purposive non-probability sampling technique was used. Tools: 1) MAP Series was constructed and standardize by Psy com. 2) Aggression Scale (A-Scale) scale was constructed and standardize by Km Roma Pal and Mrs. Tasneem Naqvi. Results: first Individual Game players have significantly high leadership than the team game players. Second Individual Game players have significantly high aggression than the team game players.

Stress- the word itself brings a shiver down the spine. Stress is found in human beings, animals and even metals. The new century has really given meaning to this word. It's there, at home, at school, at college, at workplace and everywhere. Everyone is under stress. Stress in the workplace diminish productivity, raises management pressures, and makes people sick in many ways, evidence of which is still increasing. This study is carried out to reveal the growing problem of work related stress. This paper deals with the various factors causing stress to the IT professionals in Technopark, Trivandrum. Also this study investigated the work pressure of IT professionals in Technopark, Trivandrum.

21 व्या शतकात विज्ञान युगात वावरत असतांना प्रत्येक क्षेत्रातील परुषाच्या बरोबरीने तर काही क्षेत्रात पुरुषापेक्षा अधिक सरस अशी स्त्रीने कर्तुत्वक्षमता सिद्ध केली असतांना स्त्रीला समाजात समानतेची वागणूक मिळतेच असे नाही .बुद्धिमत्तेने तसेच नेतृत्वक्षमतेने श्रेष्ठत्व सिद्ध केलेल्या स्त्रीची कहाणी आजही स्त्री जन्म अजब तुझी कहाणी | हदयी पान्हा नयनी पाणी | | या उक्तीनुसार आहे.

आज 21 व्या शतकामध्ये तंत्रविज्ञान हा शब्द अगदी सामन्यातील सामन्य व्यक्तीलाही परिचित झालेला आहे. मानवी जीवनातील प्रत्येक क्षेत्रावर तंत्रविज्ञाने आक्रमण केलेले आहे. शिक्षण हे तर मानवाने स्वत:च्या प्रगतीसाठी स्वत: निर्मिलेले क्षेत्र मानवाची सुस्कृतिक व सामाजिक प्रगती त्याने घेतलेल्या व घेत असलेल्या शिक्षणावर अवलंबून असते. त्यामुळे हे शिक्षणक्षेत्र तंत्रविज्ञानापासून बाजूला कसे राहणार ?

Rohinton Mistry's contribution to the English novel is evidently acclaimed and acknowledged. All his novels have been shortlisted for the Booker prize, the prestigious acclamation in the literary world. But Mistry's real greatness lies in presenting life with its dark sides. His creative vision goes very near to real life and he presents the misery and sufferings of his characters, especially from lower strata of the society. He gives vent to the suppressed voice of the poor and the downtrodden. This misery runs in his novels recurrently and succeeds in touching every heart. To create utmost effect Mistry exploits some historical or real events and employs a technique of blending misery in its variant shades with these events.

Leather is a durable and flexible material created by the tanning of animal rawhide and skin, often cattle hide. It can be produced through manufacturing processes ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry. Leather is used for various purposes including clothing, bookbinding, and leather wallpaper and as a furniture covering. It is produced in a wide variety of types and styles and is decorated by a wide range of technique. This paper deals with pattern of land degradation consequent upon tannery activities in Vellore district. It outlines the effects of land degradation on living beings in the study area. This paper concludes with some interesting findings based on field survey.

The present study aims to assess the Reading Ability and General Intelligence among VII standard Jenukuruba Tribal students of Heggadadevana Kote Taluk in relation to their gender, and types of schools. The findings reveal that no significant difference was found between boys and girls in their reading ability and general intelligence. But significant difference was found between Ashrama School and Normal Day schools students in both the variables. And positive correlation was found between Reading Ability and General Intelligence among VII standard Jenukuruba students.

India is a developing country. Tourism industry is one of the main sources of earning foreign income. The tourism industry has emerged as one of the fastest growing sectors contributing significantly to global economic growth and development. The performance of Indian tourism industry needs to gauge in terms of its socio economic magnitudes. Today tourism is the largest service industry in India, with a contribution of 6.23 per cent to the national GDP and providing 8.78 per cent of the total employment. The growth rate of 8.9 per cent in tourist arrivals in India was almost double the growth of 4.4 per cent in tourist arrivals worldwide. The tourism sector in India, therefore, has fared quite well vis- à-vis the world. Foreign Exchange Earnings (FEE) from tourism in India during 2011 were $16.56 billion as compared to $ 14.19 billion in 2010, showing a growth of 16.7 per cent. The Tamil Nadu state has the potential for all types of tourism like Leisure tourism, Adventure tourism, Pilgrim tourism, Sports tourism etc. Tourism sustains many sectors like trade, hotels and restaurants, transporters etc. and is considered as a key for economic development. This paper attempts to focus on performance of tourism in Tamil Nadu to enhance the Indian economy.

This paper focuses on an Overview of Public Distribution System in India, and study the evolution of targeted Public distribution system in India. The Public Distribution System is one of the largest food subsidy programme in India, and perhaps in the world. It reaches out to nearly 10.5 crore households in the country and provides subsidized food grains through a network of Fair Price Shops (FPS). But, this PDS is criticized on a wide front for its failure to serve the population to BPL, for its perceived urban bias, hence the government of India was launched the targeted public distribution system (TPDS) in 1997, with focus on poor, and this Plays an important role in India providing food grains to below the poverty line families (BPL) through the Fair Price Shops at affordable prices. There are about 4.99 lakh Fair Price Shops (FPS) across India. The targeted PDS is an important instrument of policy aimed the reducing poverty through the mechanism of delivering minimum requirements of food grains (ex : wheat and rice ) at highly subsidized prices to the population of below the poverty line.

Henry Fielding's contribution to the English novel is unequivocally acclaimed and acknowledged. He is credited with establishing and expanding the literary form 'novel' in all its dimensions. But Fielding's real greatness lies in the fertile creative vision which gives birth to the protean and seminal concepts about the fictional techniques. The more we analyze and reflect on them, our admiration increases and we are amazed at their truth and relevance even today. These technical devices are his inventions resulting from the need and demand of his creative urge and pressure.

MNCs originated in the early 1860s; it was after the Second World War that the multinationals have developed rapidly. In the early days, U.S.A. was the pioneer of most of the MNCs. At present the MNCs are able to make entry into various markets by means of licensing and franchising agreements. The employment pattern of MNCs is quite in consonance with the FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) pattern. Since the main concentration of MNC is in industrially advanced economies, their employment is also confined to advanced countries. Moreover their upsurge in FDI activity which took place in late 1980s had mainly took the form of reshuffling of ownership pattern amongst existing multinationals and hence it resulted into 'employment acquiring' rather than 'employment creating' impact. This paper portrays on the impact of multinational on the employment scenario in India

The purpose of the present study was to find out the effect of yoga practices on total cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid among male diabetic patients. For this purpose, thirty male diabetic patients around Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu in the age group of 35 – 40 years were selected. They were divided into two equal groups, each group consisted of fifteen subjects, in which group – I underwent yoga practices and group – II acted as control that did not participate in any special activities apart from their regular day-to-day activities. The training period for this study was six days in a week for twelve weeks. Prior to and after the training period the subjects were tested on total cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid were tested after taking 10 ml (5 ml separately for uric acid test) of blood samples by venous puncture method, by using Boehringer Manheimm Kit Method. The Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to find out any significant difference between the pre-test mean and post-test means and significant difference that was exists between the yoga practice group and control group on selected criterion variables. It was concluded from the results of the study that yoga practice has decreased the total cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid significantly (P > .05) after yoga practices (P > .05). It was found that there was a significant difference was occurred between the yoga practice group and control group on total cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid level.

Metals are commonly found in the environment all around the world, their presence being due to natural occurrence or as a result of anthropogenic activities. Heavy metals enter and contaminate coastal waters through industrial effluent, agriculture runoff, domestic sewage and mining activities along the coast. Ratnagiri is an important coastal area of Maharashtra; recently various activities have led to very high heavy metal concentrations on the coastal environment. They can be trapped and accumulated in sedimentsor be directly captured by living organisms. Exposing human beings to these heavy metals directly through the food chain causes potential danger to human health. In present work, depending upon various activities and geographical nature six different sites were selected along the coast. Water and sediment samples were collected for every month and analyzed for the concentrations of Zn, Cu, Hg, Pb and Cd using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The concentrations of heavy metals in bottom sediment (µg/l) were as follows: Zn : 14.44 – 7.850 µg/g, Cu : 40.11- 14.37 µg/g, Pd : 19.66 – 5.391 µg/g, Hg : 1.221 – 0.101 µg/g, Cd : 0.186 – 0.039 µg/gand in surface water (µg/l)Zn : 0.992 – 8.262 µg/l, Cu : 4.969- 18.27 µg/l, Pd : 0.033 – 0.344 µg/l, Hg : 0.002 – 0.091 µg/l, Cd : 0.003 – 0.60 µg/l. The present study has revealed that thewater and bottom sediments showed apparent seasonal variations of metals accumulation with maximum concentrations during study period. This study clearly underlines the fact that Ratnagiri coastal region has threshold levels of metals and is thus on the verge of getting polluted sooner.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refer to strategies corporations or firmsconduct their business in a way that is ethical, society friendly and beneficial tocommunity in terms of development. This article analyses the meaning of CSR based onsome theories available in literature. It is argued that three theories namely utilitarian,managerial and relational theories of CSR supported by works of other scholars in thearea could be used to suggest that CSR becomes an international concern due toglobalized nature of business that knows no border. CSR is evolving in its meaning andpractice. The article then discusses the role of CSR in community development becausethe very logic of CSR is towards seeing its impact in community socially,environmentally and economically. Competencies required by CSR managers are alsoanalyzed in order to have a better understanding of the practical aspects of CSR. Finally,conclusions and implications for future research are discussed.

The rate of glycine conjugation ( M,n mol/mg protein ) of series of benzoic acid derivatives in rat liver ( log Mliv ) and kidney (log Mkid) was modeled using a set of molecular descriptors including distance-based topological indices. Simple as well as multiple regression were performed to generate the equations (models) that relates the structural features (molecular descriptors/ topological indices) to biological activities: log Mliv and log Mkid. The regression analysis indicated that the best model for prediction of the rate of glycine conjugation is obtained in multiparametric regression, which included the indicator parameters. The result are critically discussed using cross-validated parameters.

The antagonistic potential biocontrol agents was evaluated against the isolate PTR6 since it was found to be highly virulent based on the results obtained in pathogenic variability test. The antagonistic effect of native microflora was assessed based on their ability to inhibit the pathogen growth in dual culture technique. Among the 21 bacterial biocontrol agents, the antagonist BP6 and BL5 completely (100%) inhibited growth of the pathogen. Among the 21 Trichoderma biocontrol agents, the results revealed that the isolates TP3 and TF7 were superior in inhibiting the growth of the pathogen. The compatibility revealed that the potential biocontrol agent BL5 was higher with thiophanate methyl (50 ppm) with an extent of 97.16%, and least compatible with propioconazole (25ppm) (66.81%). The bacterial biocontrol agents having different degrees of inhibition potential against highly virulent pathogen C.gloeosporioides viz., BP6 (100%), BL5 (100%), BP1 (79.44%), BP3 (67.08%), BP7 (27.38%) and BF6 (18.73%) were selected for molecular characterization. The genetic variability among the isolates of biocontrol agents was studied by using Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) generated a total of 84 reproducible and scorable polymorphic bands ranging approximately as low as 200 bp to as high as 4800 bp were generated with 4 primers among the six biocontrol agents. Relationships were evaluated by cluster analysis of data based on similarity matrix. The dendogram was generated by unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) using Ward's squared Equlidean distance method. Based on the results obtained, all the isolates are grouped into three main clusters. Cluster-I contains three isolates viz., BL5, BP6 and BF6 whereas Cluster-II contains three isolates viz., BP3 and BP7 and BP1. This cluster can be separated into two sub-groups i.e. group IIa and IIb. All the isolates exhibited high degree of polymorphism under the study.

A financial crisis is a disturbance to financial markets that disrupts the markets capacity to allocate capital – financial intermediation and hence investment comes to a halt. The Sub Prime mortgage crisis originated in U.S in early 2008 and transmitted to India and other Emerging Market Economies through various channels. Macro economic variables like growth, employment and prices all were affected badly. This paper attempts an analysis of causes of global financial crisis and the impact of global financial crisis on Indian economy.

Present studies incorporate enterotoxic effects of HgCl on the relative distribution of alkaline 2 phosphatase (AKP) activity in the anterior intestine of fish, Labeo rohita. It was observed that there appears to be slightly decreased AKP activity accompanied by histolytic changes in the epithelial cells lining of intestinal villi and intestinal glands of the anterior intestine of treated fresh water fish. However, in control, these changes were invisible.

This paper shows why did the East India Company change its policy towards India? Or, why did the East India Company need to teach India about the good governance in spite of learning from Indian society? There are various reasons which show the hidden reality about this change in the policy of the East India Company. In the colonial India we find how the Indians were determined to keep their cultural diversity? The reformists and nationalists campaigned for keeping and maintaining cultural diversity. The liberal British administrators initially tried to reorganize Indian society in the image of Europe, guided by political philosophies such as utilitarianism. So, that they could get to resemblance to India with England by which they could enhance their trade. But their policy failed due to the violent insistence for keeping difference and distinctness of the Indian people. We also find that the widespread perception of British interference in the religion and culture of the Indians was one of the factors behind the revolt of 1857. This revolt gave a lesson to British rulers and after the revolt they encouraged various policies and provisions which could maintain cultural diversity in the colonial India.

Achievement motivation can be identified on the basis of the individual's aspiration of success and so; it is necessary to inculcate in the students in order to achieve high in academic field. Achievement motivation is the basic need for success or the attainment of excellence. Achievement motivation forms to be the basis for a good life. The present study aims to find out achievement motivation of higher secondary students. This is an empirical study and the investigator selected 4 higher secondary schools from Greater Guwahati area of Kamrup (M) district of Assam by applying stratified random sampling method. From these schools, 120 students have been selected as sample on the basis of equal allocation i.e., 60 boys and 60 girls. The tools used were Personal Data Sheet and Achievement Motivation Scale developed by Deo-Mohan in 1985. The study revealed that most of the students are under above average, average and below average category in case of achievement motivation, there is no significant difference in achievement motivation of higher secondary school students with regard to gender and there exists significant difference in achievement motivation of higher secondary school students with regard to stream.

The Internet has the potential to change the way we conduct scholarly research. Internet has the potential to eliminating geographic and prejudicial barriers. Few would deny that the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW or Web) have the potential to revolutionize the way people conduct themselves in business, education, and personal relationships. Distance Learning Technologies (DTLs) have changed the face of correspondence education. The world has become smaller for those who use internet on a daily basis. In modern era most people today can hardly conceive of life without the internet.

Agro - tourism likewise a tourism business however it is different from the basic tourism on the grounds that it has a base of agriculture and rural lifestyle. This paper will give an overview about the agro/farm tourism, its scope and challenges in Kerala State, India

In the past years, the Home Automation systems has seen revolutionary changes due to introduction of various wireless technologies. These revolutions in the wireless technology has seen the unveiling of many standards, especially in the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio band. ZigBee is an IEEE 802.15.4 standard for data communications with business and consumer devices. The key to have effective energy efficiency in our house is the employment of home automation. Home automation may include centralized control of lighting, HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), appliances, security locks of gates and other systems, to provide improved convenience, comfort, energy efficiency and security. Now a days, it has to be updated with the rapid changes in technology to ensure vast coverage, remote control, reliability, and real time operation. Unfolding wireless technologies for security and control in home automation systems offers attractive benefits along with user friendly interface. The proposed system consists of a control console interfaced with different relays using ZigBee model Tarang F4 with the AVR microcontroller which is a low-power, high- performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 16K bytes of in- system programmable Flash memory. Then we have analyzed regarding the data rate and coverage area of zigBee technology in indoor and outdoor applications.

This paper has tried to analyse rupee deprecation effect on Indian foreign trade, and explains the rupee's direction journey since the independence period, and also analysed the recent rupee deprecation, and gives the major causes behind recent rupee deprecation. In last couple of months rupee value was fluctuated and reached to 68.36 against 1US$, which is all time low in 28th august 2013. September month recorded highest average rupee value with the 63.75. The study shows that recent rupee deprecation has positive effect on the Indian foreign trade, recent rupee deprecation encourages the export sector and recorded growth in total export and import is decreased, thus India's trade balance has been recorded significant decrease. This has analysed with the help of simple regression method, where the R square value is 0.798, for exports and 0.717, for imports which clear that there is a positive relation between the recent rupee deprecation and India's foreign trade.

The changed economic scenario in India has made the issues of labour a central point. The private as well as foreign investors are demanding more reforms in labour sector. Labour reforms should be under taken carefully without undermining the self esteem, dignity of the labour, but bring in work discipline and remove the redundant labour. Hence Labour Reforms essentially refers to steps taken to increase production, productivity and employment opportunities in the economy without hurting the overall interest of labour. Essentially it means skill development, retraining, redeployment, updating knowledge base of workers/trainers and promotion of leadership qualities etc. The labour force was 277.34 millions in 1983 which increased to 468.8 million in 2009-10. The Public sector share in the organized sector is shrinking both in absolute terms and percentage terms. It was 187.72 lakh in 1990, which was 71.23% of total organized sector which gradually shrinked to 175.48 million in 2011 which is 60.5 percent of the total employment in organized workers. The government is having the two-pronged strategy i.e., legislative measures and implementation of welfare scheme and programmes. The legislative measures include the Minimum Wages Act, 1948, the workmen's Compensation Act, 1923, the Maternity Benefit Act 1961, the bonded labour system (abolition) Act, 1976, the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, the Interstate Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Services) Act, 1979, the Building and other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Services) Act, 1996, etc.

In the world of network environment ISP (Internet Service provider) plays an important role. This thesis is about the research on ISP network environment. This paper is about the behavior of routing protocol such as RIP at ISP end. Here in this paper we have shown how RIP protocol is implemented at ISP end. Routing protocols play a vital role in computer network infrastructures. Routers know that how to find the remote network if a network is directly connected to the router but if network is not directly connected to the router then there are two ways to get to the remote network: Dynamic routing and Static routing. Static routing means to manually type all network locations into the routing table whereas dynamic routing protocols automatically inform all the routers about the event. Thus in large networks the combination of both static as well as the dynamic routing protocol are used. IP routing is to move the packets from one network to another network by using routers. There is a difference between routed protocol and routing protocol. Routers use routing protocol to dynamically find all the networks in the internetworks and ensure that all routers have the same routing table. Routing protocol also determines the path of a packet through an internetwork. Some of the examples of routing protocol are RIP, EIGRP, OSPF on which the research is all about.

The paper deals with five species of aquatic fungi belonging to four genera of hyphomycetes isolated from foam samples collected from Rangawali river of Nandurbar district. The foam spora of this region represents mixture of both tropical and temperate species. Brief notes and illustration are givn for each taxon. Geographical distribution of each species of India is also provided.

हिन्दी भाषा का आधुनिकीकरण का विषय शुरू से काफी जटील रहा है| और बोलने तक तो इसमे ज्यादा समस्याएँ नहीं आई, किन्तु जब कम्प्यूटरीकरण का युग आया तो व्याकरण उसकी वर्तनियों इस्तेमाल, उच्चारण में कठीनाइया , कम्प्यूटर के कंजिपटल ( की बोर्ड) में मानक हिन्दी वर्तनियों का अभाव आदि कई कमियां बता कर इस भाषा को उपेक्षित रखा गया|

Today smoking among adolescentsis an economic, social and public health concern in the world.As of 2013,tobacco kills nearly 6 million people each year and approximately 900,000 people die every year in India due to smoking and WHO (2013) also estimate that 30% of smokers are adult males and 80% of the world's one billion smokers live in low and middle income countries.This study used the systematic review method to determine the association between smoking scene in movies and initiation of smoking habits among adolescents. A comprehensive review of past studies was carried out in this connection that included more than 25 studies. The result of the study concluded that exposure to smoking in movies influence the attitudes and beliefs of children about smoking and most of the children initiate smoking first time after watching their favourite stars smoking on screen. Most of the studies recommended that parental restrictions on R-rated films significantly diminishadolescents' exposure to films smoking and subsequent smoking acceptance. Most of the studies also argued that that watching antismoking announcements before watching movie smoking appears to blunt the encouraging effects of movie smoking on children smoking.It can be supposed that stringentimplementation of regulations pertaining to cigarette filming in form on any media and community interferencesconcentrating on parents are required for effective control of tobacco and smoking problem among youth in India and world.

The number of users making online transactions has registered a strong growth in the recent past. In today's world of globalisation, expansion of business is possible through internet. Understanding the behaviour of online consumers is crucial for business enterprises to grow. Hence the study aims to examine the behaviour of the online users engaged in Business to Consumer (B2C) E-commerce. A questionnaire based survey is used to examine the most conducted and recommended online activities; their preferred reasons; modes of online payment; factors limiting the popularity of online transactions and features enhancing the quality of an online experience. The survey findings indicate booking travel tickets online as the most conducted and the recommended online activity in India and time saving as the most important reason for conducting these transactions. Indian consumers consider risk of theft of personal/banking information and inability to assess the quality of product as the two important factors limiting the popularity of online transactions and a more secure website as the most significant feature for a better online experience.

The study was conducted in Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh on Women Beneficiaries of DWCRA. It was observed that Majority (73.33%) of the women beneficiaries of DWCRA had medium level of awareness followed by the remaining with high (15.84%) and low (10.83%) awareness. Independent variables Age, Education, Family Occupation, Socio-Economic Status, Income Generation, Training Received, Innovativeness, Self Reliance, Risk Orientation and Market Orientation were positively and significant in their relationship with Awareness of women beneficiaries of DWCRA and it also revealed that all the eleven independent variables together explained a significant amount of variation in their awareness i.e 66.12 per cent.

The present study this is a research conducted in the 4th Company of ostensible policing in the city of Rolim de Moura/RO (Brazil), the principal objective is to analyze the motivation of the cops and al corporation. For this search into the theoretical concept of motivation and through a survey to list what are the real factors that lead police to feel motivated in his profession. The research was a descriptive study procedures interpretive approach by adopting a qualitative field research, questionnaire was administered to 47 policemen, employing this techniques of research and bibliographic with data tabulated by Micro Soft Excel 2013. The search result shows that the police are motivated and there is a high degree of satisfaction in professional life. The recommendations are that the efforts of individual servers are more valued by the unit commander; there is also need to invest in lectures, courses and training specific to the profession.

21ST century can be indicated as the century of competition. Everywhere there is a race, a competition. With the huge development in science and technology, all part of the world is connected with this competition. Especially in the field of education, this competition rapidly increased among the students. To survive in this competition, educational achievement is necessary and compulsory to all and for good educational achievement, anxiety free,a positive environment is also essential. Academic anxiety is a deliberating factor which impact on students' academic achievement. In the present study, the researchers made an attempt to investigate the gender difference in relation to academic anxiety and academic achievement of the students of secondary level. The researchers also tried to find out the correlation between academic anxiety and academic achievement. A sample of 237 (128 boys and 109 girls) of secondary level students of class VIII were selected randomly. Analyzing the data, the result shows that girls students has more academic anxiety than boys. It was also found that there is a negative and significant correlation (r= -0.10) between academic anxiety and academic achievement.

Like skills are abilities for adaptive and positive behavior that enables individuals to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life .They are that facilitate the physical, mental and emotional well-being of individuals. Life skills abilities that helps students to be successful in living a productive life. Learning and practicing Life Skills help students to improve theirs personal and social qualities. Central Board of Secondary include life skill education in curriculum since 2009 and teachers were new to this concept to acquainted them with the concept author conducted in-serving training programme in private English Medium School .The Present study conducted to find out teachers attitude towards it. A Study of Attitude of Teachers towards In-services Training Programmes of Life Skill Education has been dealt with in this paper. The sample included 100 primary school teaches of Central India selected by using random sampling technique, “The attitude of secondary school teachers towards different aspects of in-service training programmes” developed by authors tool was used for the collection of required data. 't-test' technique was adopted for data analysis. It is concluded that there is no significant difference between Rural and Urban, Male and Female and Teaching Experience (1-10 and11-20+) teachers attitude towards in-service training programs of Life Skill Education

The typically hierarchical arrangement of lines of authority, communications, rights and duties of an organization. Organizational structure determines how the roles, power and responsibilities are assigned, controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows between the different levels of management.

The partition of the country was demanded to ease complexities, unfortunately it challenged adversely the lives of the Hindus and the Muslims both. The partition brought in its wake misery, death and destructions. Its continuing consequences had resulted in stale wounds which refuse to be healed. The partition brought an abrupt end to a long and communally- shared history of the Hindus and the Muslims. The relations between the Hindus and the Muslims were not of course always free from suspicion; distrust and conflicts were also there. There were also records of conflicts resulting into barbaric acts like murders, loot and fire-raising. Alok Bhalla's edited stories reflect troubled circumstances of post- partitioned India. By encapsulating multi-cultural and multi- religious views of various writers about the partition he endeavours to bring all together. By highlighting noble views of those writers who transcended the national and religious boundaries, Bhalla appeals to cast-off restraints of communal enmity. By narrating a painful saga of rusted psychological, social and moral values of human beings, he makes us conscious about precious human values. His mission of humanizing and uniting people has become successful, because stories are powerful enough to blend concerning human impulses.

Economic reforms were launched in India in the early 1990s. There was, thus, a shift from the state to the market and the Indian economy was slowly geared towards the twin process of globalization and liberalization. Labour market regulations and collective bargaining have emerged as crucially important issues in a globalized economy. Given that globalization inevitably involves economic restructuring, the proponents of globalization – World Bank and IMF – increasingly argue that employment has to be sufficiently adaptable to facilitate adjustment, and stress on flexibility in labour markets. Undoubtedly, this has led to reduced job – security and informalization of labour markets. In this scenario today trade unions face a multitude of challenges from various quarters. The factors like diversity of interests of the working class, the new management techniques that blunt union tactics, the forces of globalization and liberalization etc., all constitute challenges to the effective functioning of trade unions today. In the view of the changing concerns, trade unions will have to reorient their strategies if they are to successfully meet the new challenges. In this context, this paper tries to highlight the various issues before the Indian Trade Union Movement.

A natural resources is a source from which benefit is produced and in the process may be consumed and made unavailable for the next generations. From a human perspective a natural resource is anything obtained from the environment to satisfy human needs and wants. From a broader biological or ecological perspective a resource satisfies the need of a living organism. Hence,Sustainable development can be defined as a technology that mainly aims to balance two aspects i.e the environment protection and human economic development.. Man has the fundamental responsibility to safe guard the environment and should preserve the natural resources for the benefit of present as well as future generations. Gujjars in J&K state are Buffalo rearing transhumant who oscillate between high and low altitudes in the hill tracts of J&K with their cattle's, flocks and household goods. Their economy mainly depends on the products of their flocks and the use of natural pastures round the year.To maintain sustainable development it is necessary to educate Gujjars regarding environment problems, degradation and its impact. With this education, they can manage their environment efficiently achieving sustainable development. This brings nomadic Gujjar to a close relationship with land and natural resources, which promotes a new culture of respectful use and preservation of environment, so that the future generations can get it legacy what we got from our own ancestors.

When Swedish and Boycott was introduced the British shipping companies' financial position deteriorated. Thousands of people supported the Extremists during the Swadeshi Movement by taking part in processions and shouting slogans and chanting Vande Matharam. This paper examines the detailed information about press and swadeshi movement in Karnataka.

Over the past two decades, most Governments have been actively promoting their countries as investment locations to attract scarce private capital and associated technology and managerial skills in order to help achieve their development goals. They have increasingly adopted measures to facilitate the entry of foreign investment. As a factor in attracting FDI, incentives are secondary to more fundamental determinants, such as market size, access to raw materials and availability of skilled labour. Investors generally tend to adopt a two-stage process when evaluating countries as investment locations. In the first stage, they screen countries based on their fundamental determinants. Only those countries that pass these criteria go on to the next stage of evaluation where tax rates, grants and other incentives may become important. In some cases, and with some types of investment, however, their impact may be more pronounced. For some foreign investors, such as export-oriented investors, tax incentives can be a major factor in their investment location decision. Also, among countries with similarly attractive features the importance of tax incentives may be more effective.

This paper Includes the highland areas of Karnataka. where bamboos are available in plenty, bamboo workers sells bamboo and people prefer bamboo houses. They are even content with thatched bamboo houses as they felt that it was affordable and comfortable. They showed some social and cultural affinity towards bamboo workers , as they were born and sell up for type of houses and also the technology and materials required for its construction were at their disposal.

Sikkim has been named as the best region to visit in 2014 by a leading global travel guide, Lonely Planet. It is the largest travel guide book publisher in the world. Lonely planet caters the travel fraternity worldwide and its recommendations are received by heart by numerous travel enthusiasts, seasonal backpackers and vacationers. Lonely Planet describes Sikkim as “It's clean (plastic bags are banned) and the mountain air is fresh. Best of all the people are among India's most friendly, with a charming manner that's unobtrusive and slightly shy”. This recommendation could be the big boost for Sikkim and its ecotourism policy. This research paper aims to critically analyze the eco-tourism policy of Sikkim, which endeavors to create a responsible and sustainable tourism, the reasons behind Lonely Planet recommendation and the impact of eco-tourism policy on biodiversity and well being of local population.

If all the uproar about his nativity, attitude and education is to be accepted, it remains a fact that V.S.Naipaul as a writer belongs to the Indian diaspora. Obviously, his negative descriptions of India in his travelogues as dark, wounded and mutinous do not go down well with his readers in India, his country of origin. Naipaul is thoroughly critical of Indian novelists over dependence on myths and lack of concern for the present condition of men. His blend of fiction, reportage and autobiography in the writing of his fiction also includes mythology in small doses. Besides mythology, he also incorporates modern variants of myth such as pre-figurations and intertextuality, sometimes copiously, in his fiction. Thematically it is greatly influenced by his fore runners like Shakespeare, Arnold, Conrad, Dostoevsky, Joyce and none other than his father Seepersad Naipaul. It shows, the extent to which the novel is packed with pre-figurations and intertextuality. The introduction of the present novel has a close resemblance with the passage in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness where Conrad's spokesperson Marlow stumbles upon Towson's manual. The protagonist of the work appears before the reader as a “visible man” (Naipaul) in its true sense like that in Dostoevsky's Idiot. In technique and style the novel achieves its goal with the help of metaphoric structure, and like James Joyce's The Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man, the present work is considered a masterpiece of Naipaul. The storm scene at the centre of A House for Mr Biswas (Green Vale) apart from its autobiographical significance, both symbolically and metaphysically, is comparable with the tempest scene in Shakespeare's King Lear. Mr Biswas is portrayed as a universal figure for “man's rootlessness” with a Naipaulean cry for identity and existence. Like his author he has no tradition and culture to return, and hence, expected to create his own

Agriculture has been the most important occupation in India from ancient times. And today, India is the second largest producer of agricultural output in the world. About 54% of India's population is depended on agriculture for their livelihood but on on the other hand its participation in India's GDP is only 14% which is a big contrary. Indian agriculture is very backward in terms of technology and productivity and there certain factors which affect the agricultural practices are Infrastructure facilities Irrigation, transport, storage, trade and marketing, post-harvest handling and processing etc. Socioeconomic factors Financial resource base, land ownership, size and type of land holding, household needs of food, fodder, fuel, fiber and finance, labour availability etc. Technological factors: Improved varieties, cultural requirements, mechanization, plant protection, access to information.

The purpose of the was study was to find out the effect of cardio circuit training on selected physiological variables of high school football players. 30 male football players were randomly selected from S.H.N Edward higher secondary school, sattur, during the academic year 2011-2012.The subject's age ranges from 15-17 years only. They were randomly divided into two equal groups, one group was considered as experimental group and another one group was control group. All the subjects were healthy and physically fit. The nature and importance of this study was explained to the subjects and the subjects expressed their willingness to serve as subjects in this study. The subjects were tested on physiological variables namely resting pulse rate, cardio respiratory endurance. The experimental group participated in specific pre season cardio circuit training for a period of six weeks. The data was collected before and after training for a period of pre test, post test were analyzed by't' test. The level of significance for the study was chosen as 0.05. The experimental group after the six weeks produced training significant improvement in resting pulse rate, cardio respiratory endurance.

Dyslexia is a neurological disorder which affects the reading and writing ability of children. A sample of 72 dyslexic children (36 from English medium and 36 from Marathi medium schools) of class V from English and Marathi medium schools were selected .The Experimental method was used to study the effect of Remedial Teaching Programme on the Learning outcome of Dyslexic students. The findings showed that there is a Positive effect of remedial teaching programme on the Learning outcome of English and Marathi medium students.

Banking sector is one of the notable sectors of the Indian Economy where technological revolution is at its peak. The economic liberalization in the early 1990s ushered in an era of privatization and then it was just a matter of time that the Indian banks started embracing technology in its banking products and services. Since then, banking industry has seen an unprecedented growth. The objective of this study is to analyse the various trends in banking sector in terms of technological innovation with their respective benefits and challenges and the impact it has created on the clientele that includes both urban and rural. We also analysed that there is a large rural-urban divide where the rural pie is way behind in terms of technological penetration and financial inclusion that needs to be bridged by deploying some innovative business models. Finally, it was concluded that the key use of technology by deploying technological solutions will not only help in implementing the differentiated business models resulting in enhanced customer satisfaction and ideal cost structure but also in bridging the rural-urban gap. This will enable the separation of leaders from laggards in the banking sector contributing to the industry as a whole. As a part of our study, we gave some recommendations that will enable banks to adopt a holistic approach to give their customers enriching experience. Our study also reveals scope for further research taking into consideration certain reforms proposed by Union Budget 2014 and from International aspect as well.

This paper shows that the noise is common problem in mixed signal. Analog circuit, which degrade the performance of the system. This paper also tells us about the placing the external circuit which makes the ASIC operational prototyping. The optimizations of the ASIC by correcting the noise in the analog circuit, making adjustment, calibrating gain offset, and cleaning power sources are optimized and discussed in this paper.

The word 'lesbianism' is derived from the Greek word “Lesbios”, a Greek island in the Aegean th Sea which was the native place of Sappho, the 7 Century B.C. lyric poetess who addressed her love poems to women. A lesbian is a female who expresses romantic or sexual attraction to other females, whether primarily or exclusively, or a female who self-identifies as lesbian. The sexual revolution in the 1970s introduced the differentiation between identity and sexual behavior for women. Militant feminists expressed their disdain with an inherently sexist and patriarchal society, and concluded that, the most effective way to overcome sexism and attain the equality of women would be to deny men any power or pleasure from women. This philosophy accepted by women called themselves lesbian-feminists.

In this study the paper examines the peace process as 5 soldiers shot dead in pak LOC ambush.poonch sector.. The bilateral relations and the peace process that was sabotaged after the firing is the main highlight in this paper.

‘दलित’ हा शब्द जातीवाचक नसून जाणीवसूचक आहे अशी या शब्दाची आशयसूचक मांडणी करताना दलित साहित्याकडे मोठया अशेने पहावे लागते . ज्यांना या समाजव्यव्स्थेने जाणीवपूर्वक वंचीत ठेवले, मागे ठेवले किवां ज्यांची कुठल्याही प्रकरणाला प्रगत होऊ नये व्यवस्था केली गेली अशा समूहाला दलित हा शब्द लागू होतो. अशा वंचिताच्यां प्रकटीकरनालादलित साहित्यम्हटले गेले आहे.

This study will help to compare the Flexibility between volleyball and handball players. The study will be a guide to coaches and physical education teachers for selecting talented players for volleyball and handball game. It may help to chalk out proper training programmed for Volleyball and Handball players. It may help in determining the player's level of flexibility

Phytoplankton's are microscopic autotrophs forming communities and Remain suspended in water up to the effective light penetration. Planktons are found in fresh; Marine and brackish water.Planktons are divided in phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton constitute the basic food sourceof any aquatic ecosystem; which supports Aquatic animals such as fish's .The zooplanktons are the major mode of energy between Phytoplankton and fish. The knowledge about plankton present in birnal reservoir in Jath, District-sangli during month January 2013 to december2013 is not yet known. An attemptHas been made to investigate the seasonal variations in plankton. Phytoplankton diversity Was observed in four groups that is cholorophyceae; cyanophceae; Bacillariophyceae; Euglenophyceae. Among them cholorophyceae was dominating within the species .The Zooplankton in reservoir was represented by copepods; cladocera; Rotifers: protozoa; Crustacean; Nostocaeca .The rotifer is dominated in rainy season other rest of the groups, Some important physio-chemical factors were studied, it has been observed that Temperature; rainfall; transparency; alkalinity and nutrients such as nitrates and phosphatee This plays important role in altering plankton population.

किसी राष्ट्र की सर्वाधिक एवं प्रचलित एवं स्वेच्छा से आत्मसात की गई भाषा को कहा जाता है | हिन्दी , बांग्ला , उर्दू, पंजबी , तेलुगु , तमिल , कन्नड़ , मलयालम , उड़िया इत्यादी भी भारत के संविधान द्वारा मान्य राष्ट्र की भाषाएँ है| इन सभी भाषाओँ में हिन्दी का स्थान सर्वोपरी है | क्योंकि यह भारत की राज भाषा वह भाषा होती है |

मुख्यधारा की हिन्दी सिनेमा में यह अनायास नही है कि सालों से पीड़ित-शोषित तबका सिरे से गायब है | अपने प्राराभ्भिक दौर से ही मुनाफाई प्रवृत्ति का यह उद्योग इस शोषित तबके को लेकर बेहद क्रूर रहा है | गांधीजी के सुधार आन्दोलनों के दौर में कुछ महत्वपूर्ण फिल्में सरोकारी किस्मे के फिल्मकारों के द्वारा जरुर बनायी गयी और भारतीय समाज ने उन्हें स्वीकार भी , पर बाद में बाजार के शक्तिशाली होते जाने वाले समय में स्थिति और वर्तमान समय में हाशिए का समाज हिन्दी से पूरी तरफ गायब हो रहा है |

Crowd sourcing is one of a novel and potentially useful tool to assess childhood predictors of adult obesity. The exploratory study examined whether crowd sourcing could generate well-documented predictors in obesity research and, whether new guidelines for future research could be uncovered. The participants recruited through social media to a question-generation website, on that they have answered questions and they were able to create new questions that they thought could predict obesity. During the two weeks of data collection, 532 participants (63% female; age = 26.5±6.7; BMI = 29.0±7.0) registered on the website and suggested a total of 56 unique questions. seventeen of these questions correlated with body mass index (BMI) and covered several themes identified by prior research, such as parenting styles and healthy lifestyle. Most important thing is, participants are able to identify potential determinants that were related to a lower BMI, but have not been the subject of extensive research, such as parents packing their kid's lunch to school or talking to them about nutrition food. The findings indicate that crowdsourcing can reproduce already existing hypotheses and also generate ideas that are less well documented. The crowdsourced predictors discovered in this study emphasize the importance of family interventions to fight obesity. The questions generated by participants also suggest new ways to express known predictors.

Mathematics and Applied mathematics are regarded as center of chemical and physical science. it acts to develop the human knowledge, mental approach of infinite number of fields like organic, Inorganic, Physical, Polymers, radio Nuclear, Geo pharmaceutical, Agriculture, petroleum chemistry and widely applied to study synthetic reactions, calculations of O,P,M, isomers of aromatic substituted compounds, representation of aliphatic, Aromatic, Alicyclic , Cyclic ring organic compounds. the calculations of bond energy, dissociation, weak acids, weak base, enthalpy, stability of strainless rings, confirmation analysis of ethane, butane, cyclohexane, etc compounds . The number of reactions like addition, substitution rearrangement, displacement reactions, they are formulated by using mathematical symbols, formulas, like summation (å), derivation, integration ∫ � , Operator D or D, inverse operator D-1 or D -1 , Circle Ole or O, lines -, curves, energy levels, graphs, bargraphs, zero '0', product rule, qutent rule, significance of 0, enthalpy H, difference D in enthalpy DH (H2-H1), vector product, dot product, scalar product ( ),(4n+2) p� by Hückel rule (1937).

चित्रों के बिना समाचार-पत्रों की कल्पना भी नहीं की जा सकती | चित्र किसी भी समाचार-पत्र के प्राण होते हैं| सामाजिक, आर्थिक , सांस्कृतिक और मनोवैज्ञानिक विषयवस्तु में चित्रों की अहम भूमिका होती है | चित्रों को प्रकाशित करने का मुख्य उद्देश्य पाठकों सुचना देना तथा उनका मार्गदर्शन एवं मनोरंजन के अतिरिक्त समाचार- पत्रों को आकर्षक बनाना है |

Ecommerce is a business that is on the rise today and the internet's vast potential has made it easier for organizations to reach out to a larger pool of the people. The increased usage and awareness of E-Commerce and online retail has greatly affected the way in which products are bought and sold in today's society. With players understanding the online business, the Indian e-commerce market is gradually showing signs of maturity and healthy competition. The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into categories of e-commerce; India's online shopping market, driving factors, leading players, challenges and the way ahead.

Soil, water, air & climate are the common factors for all member of ecosystem . Any change in these factors affects the whole ecosystem. Of these factors, air is seen to get polluted easily with industrial, vehicular, domestic source of fuel and affect the wide population at the same time. The air 2 pollutants affect Human being in the form of oxidative stress in the upper and lower airways .

The present research investigation was undertaken to study the prevalence of Learning disabilities (LD) among the primary school children (I to V standard) and the knowledge content of learning disabilities among the primary school teachers. 48 primary schools were selected from 24 school zones, ie 2 schools from each zone from the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secundrabad. The total sample comprised of 7405 children & 48 Primary school teachers. Data was collected through Interview schedule & Checklists developed for the present study. Based on the observations made by the class teachers and the data obtained through checklists, it was found that 25% of the subjects (on an average) to be having Specific learning disabilities.

Because of the high strength / number of students in a class, a teacher may not be able to give individual attention to all the students in the class and minimum level of learning is also not very often ascertained in a day to day teaching of today. A remedy over it is Programmed Learning (PL). Programmed Learning or Programmed Instruction is a learning methodology or technique first proposed by the behaviorist B. F. Skinner in 1958, an American behavioral psychologist and is based on the theory that learning in many areas is best accomplished by small, incremental steps with immediate reinforcement, or reward, for the learner. The paper discusses the concept of PL, principles of PL, styles of PL, merits and limitations of PL. It also presents how a power point PL programme can be used for students' self-paced, individualized learning. Two such programmes are presented along with the paper. One is on the topic SQUARE of Mathematics and the other is on Pair of Angles, a topic of SSCE sixth standard Mathematics. The later being a M. Ed. level research guided by the author to the student Prajakta Rajmane. The programme is called 'Computerized Programmed Learning Programme' (C-PLP) to be presented in power point presentation in view show mode in order to work it in the desired way.

Nutrition is the science of foods, the nutrients and other substance therein, their action, interaction and balance in relationship to health and disease; the processes by which the organism ingests, digests, absorbs, transports and utilizes nutrients and disposes of their end products. Nutrition is the science that interprets the relationship of food to the functioning of the living organism. Life can be sustained only with adequate nourishment. Men needs food for growth, development and lead an active, productive and healthy life. The objective of the study to assess the knowledge about Nutrition among the school going student .Total of 100 students were selected from five different schools of Lucknow district. The study was carried out using the following tools for assist the knowledge about Nutrition. Seldesigned questionnaire was used in the study. Data shows that 44 % of respondent had a very good awareness, 17 % had good, and 39 % is average knowledge about the nutrition. The result shows that the out of 100 respondents 61 % of respondents were aware about the knowledge of nutrients and 39 % of respondent were not aware about the knowledge of nutrients.

Spirituality plays an important role in shaping the values, structure, and cohesion of communities across the globe.Like most religious systems, Rongmei indigenous religions focus on the meaning of life, between humans and spiritual powers, and with the natural world. It seeks to explain the persistence of evil and suffering, and (seeks to) portrays the world as operating with some degree of order and predictability. These ideas are expressed in sacred oral traditions, handed down from generation to generation through the performance of ritual, dance and music, and through intensive periods of education, including rites of passage.Yet, the Rongmei indigenous religion is subjected to undergo certain changes since 1960s under the influence of modern education, and religious influence namely; Meitei Hindu Vaishnavite and Christianity. The emergence of religious leader, formation of new cults, giving a name to their religion, shift from polytheism to monotheism (for instance, in the case of Champa cult) are some of the changes worth mentioning. Further, they have abolished taboos on unnatural death, constructed Kalum Kai(s) (house of prayer/ worship), organised collective prayer, and established the Ecclesiastical Council. Resurgence and documentation of the indigenous religion have begun since 1990s in their attempt to preserve their forefather's religion and culture and prevent from further conversion of Rongmeis to Christianity

Internet is an unavoidable necessity in this photonic age. Even though the Internet is now an information rich technology used by millions of people, Problematic Internet Use is a matter of concern that requires the attention of scientific and research community. The objectives of the study were to find whether there exist any relationship between Problematic Internet Use and general health and to find out whether there exists any significant difference between Internet users in their Problematic Internet Use on the basis of general health. For this purpose the data were collected from 1093 Internet users by administering Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire -12. The statistical techniques used were correlation and one-way ANOVA. Pearson product-moment correlation results of the study indicated the existence of a significant positive relationship between Problematic Internet Use and absence of general health. The one- way ANOVA results revealed that Problematic Internet Use was found to be high among Internet users with low general health.

Women were considered inferior to men in practical life. But in scriptures they were given high position. They were under the influence of their parents before marriage and their husbands after marriage. Thus, the position of women in ancient India was inferior. Women in independent India are comparatively in a more respectable position. Most societies exhibit violence in one way or another. Violence against men or women is a social problem because; a large number of people are affected by it almost every day. Women are less likely to be victimised by violent crime than men. Crime against women is an ever-increasing problem. Most of the Indian families are patriarchal. Women suffer from some distinctive health problems from which men are free. In India as the census reports reveal female population has been steadily declining ever y year since 1901. Female children are discriminated against male children. The main problem with these female workers is that they are harassed in work place in different ways. Dowry is both a practice and a problem associated with the Indian marriage. India is the fourth most dangerous place in the world for women to live in. Child marriage has been traditionally prevalent in India and continues to this day. In India, the male-female sex ratio is dramatically in favour of males. sexual harassment or molestation of women by men on the influence of "Western culture". The average female life expectancy today in India is low compared to many countries, but it has shown gradual improvement over the years. The average woman living in a rural area in India has little or no control over becoming pregnant. India has enacted various legislative measures intended to ensure equal rights to women.

There is no denying the fact that existentialism is too comprehensive subject to define within the limits of a few pages. The present paper, however, attempts to give a bird's-eye view to existentialism, a philosophical way of looking at man's situations and functions in the world.

This paper attempts to study the MRF, the company that outperforms the stock market from the year Jan2012-Dec2013, using two year data from Indian's Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE).Through technical analysis using various methods like moving average, relative strength index, rate of change and analyzing the MRF share price when the Sensex is low ,we can conclude that the future of MRF would be consistent, and all the chances are there to continue with the bullish pattern and showing the price rise indicating nothing can affect its performance in the stock market. Therefore we can conclude by saying that MRF ltd is in monopoly and no company can beat its operational efficiency and the market they pose in domestic as well as in foreign countries.

The present investigation intends to find the influence of socio-economic status on psychological well-being and academic achievement of 300 English and Kannada medium secondary school pre-adolescent girls of rural and urban areas of Gulbarga[150 rural and 150 urban].The participants ranged in age between 11 to 17 years. Two hypotheses were tested for significance at 0.05 margin in error. The main objective of the study is to find the influence of socio-economic status on psychological well-being and academic achievement of secondary school pre-adolescent girls. Results showed that there were significant influences of socio-economic status on academic achievement and psychological well-being of secondary school pre-adolescent girls of rural and urban areas of Gulbarga. “t” test (significance value) is applied to validate the data and to test the hypotheses

This paper attempts to probe the opportunities of Sustainable tourism in Hyderabad- Karnataka region, Sustainable can help in shaping our tourism resources. It can have advantages on regional as well as nations development with proper utilization of available resources. The scope of Sustainable tourism in Hyderabad- Karnataka region is having plenty of opportunities to develop and conserve the natural resources to preserve it for forth coming generation and also it boost the economical benefits. The local community should analyze the opportunities of sustainable tourism for their empowerment, to promote tourism in this region. For developing the sustainability we need to understand the tourism environment, and socio-culture, economic, historical background of those places. How we can involve the community people to enhance their socio-economic condition. To develop a strategic plan for sustainable tourism we have to understand the tourism resources and it's needs and wants and how to match it with our available resources in the future to make successful utilization of resources for the empowerment of this region.

Generally Web-based software systems access resources with some amount while executing the requests of the clients, generally several request arrive at a time. Therefore very competitive situation occurred for resources. In past Queuing model based approaches are widely considered while modeling such types of situation. In this We have been proposed algorithms and novel models for modeling the queue limit performance factor. The proposed models and algorithms can be applied to performance prediction of web based software systems in ASP.NET environment. The computational time and complexity of algorithm have been provided from the proposed models and algorithms. In this paper our aim is to validate the algorithms and proposed models and also to verify the correctness & performance prediction with performance measurement in ASP.NET environment. This paper will try to overcome complexity and computational time y, the algorithm predicts the performance metrics very accurate than the original algorithm and model.

The objective the study was to examine the excitable personality among students of residential and non-residential schools and another objective was to examine the excitable personality among boys and girls. This study main hypothesis was, Students of the non-residential schools will have more excitable personality than students of residential schools and another hypothesis was Boys will have more excitable personality than girls. The four hundred students were selected from various secondary schools from Ahmednagar district. They were studding in 9th Class.

The present research statement of the problem was “AStudy of Academic Stress and Gender Difference.” The main objectives were to examine the academic frustration, academic conflict, academic pressure and academic anxiety among boys and girls. This study was completed on secondary school students in 10th standard. The one hundred fifty students were selected for the study. The purposive sampling method was used for the selection of the sample. The study student's gender was independent variable and academic stress as well as academic frustration, academic conflict, academic pressure, and academic anxiety were dependent variables. Bisht Battery of Stress Scales developed by Dr.(Km) Abha Rani Bisht was used for the study. The results were analyzed and it was found that the there is significant difference between boys and girls in terms of their academic frustration, academic pressure, and academic anxiety level. Boys have high academic frustrated than girls but Girls have high academic pressure, and academic anxiety level than boys. So, gender difference is vital key in point in academic frustration, academic pressure, and academic anxiety level. But, there is no significant difference between boys and girls on academic stress, academic conflict. So, Gender difference is not key point in academic stress, academic conflict.

The purpose of the study was to study the knowledge towards balance diet and nutritional status of students. The sample comprised of 60 students of various College of Physical Education, Nagpur, studying in Part I and Part II for the Master of Physical Education degree. A questionnaire formulated by the research scholar was used for the collection of data. The statistical analysis of data collected on 60 subjects of M.P.Ed from various College of Physical Education of Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University. And for testing the difference between the means of two groups the level of significance was set to 0.05.

अर्थशास्त्र विभाग , यशवंतराव चव्हाण महाविद्यालय , सिल्लोड जि. औरंगाबाद.देशात उपलबद्ध साधनसंपत्ती पुरेपूर उपयोगात आणून जनतेचे राहणीमान उंचावणे म्हणजे आर्थिक विकास होय . वरील विधानाचा योग्य तो अन्वयार्थ लक्षात घेता आर्थिक विकासाची प्रक्रिया ही दोन बाबीवर निर्भर असल्याचे ध्वनित होते.

गझलसम्राट सुरेश भट हे स्वातंतत्र्योत्तर कालखंडातील एक महत्वाचे कवी आहे. एक कलंदर व्यक्तिमत्व , कवी , गीतकार , संपादक , पत्रकार आणि मराठी गझल साहित्याचे सर्वेसर्वा म्हणून मराठी रसिकजन सुरेश भट यांना ओळखतात. सहज , सोप्या, सुं दर काव्यरचना करणाऱ्या या कवीवर रसिकांनी , सामान्य माणसांनी भरभरून प्रेम केले. 15 एप्रिल 1932 रोजी अमरावती येथे ब्राम्हण कुटुंबातील त्यांच्या जन्म झाला.

प्रस्तुत शोध का उद्देश्य ग्रामीण एवं शहरी के उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यालय के मध्य वनस्पति उपलब्धि पर एक तुलनात्मक अध्ययन है| इस अध्ययन हेतु डॉ आर . डी. सिंग द्वारा निर्मित वनस्पति उपलब्धि परिक्षण मापनी का उपयोग किया गया है| इस अध्ययन हेतु दुर्ग जिले के शहरी ग्रामीण क्षेत्र के उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यालय तक सिमित है इस अध्ययन हेतु दुर्ग जिले के ग्रामीण एवं शहरी क्षेत्र के उच्चतर माध्यमिक विद्यालय 200 छात्र एवं छात्रा का चयन किया गया है|

Project gives feasible solution to move and rotate the component with full proofing fixturing for special purpose operations like drilling, Tapping, deburring, washing, drying involve in manufacturing and assembly unit of industry. Rotary cage type fixture is made for handling the cylinder head inside the cleaning machine use for making fully ready component before assembly operation .System is useful to save time manpower and deliver perfect cleaned and dry component .system involved all the mechanical components along with the sensors used to restrict the rotating operations, stop and go operations etc.

The paper highlights the impact of micro credit on micro entrepreneurs. The study is based on the beneficiaries of SHG-Bank Linkage programme. Asample of two hundred and seventy members was drawn from Mahbubnagar district in Telangana State in India. Amultistage sampling technique was used to draw the sample. The main objective of the paper is to evaluate the impact of micro credit on income and expenditure of the households with and without micro enterprises. The impact is studied using the before-after effect, on income generation and expenditure incurred on food, education and health. A paired t test, ANOVAand a post Hoc test was used to capture the impact. It was found that members who are micro entrepreneurs had higher income and were able to spend more on food and education as compared to members belonging to other occupations. They are also able to meet emergency medical needs of the family. This paper highlights the importance of enterprise creation for the poor to enable them to sustain economically on a long run.

Jane Austen one of the foremost and extensively read female english novelist was born on 16 december1775 at Steventon in the parsonage of the village, and passed away on 18thjuly 1817 and was laid to rest in the cathedral.She is the author of popular novels like ,“Pride and Prejudice”, “Northanger Abbey,Sense and Sensibility” “Mansfieldpark”, “Persuasion” and, “Emma”, most of them set in the small country parishes, and her characters are usually simple country folks.In the beginning of her writing career, her novels were not well received by critics. Her works were not liked by many people and she had quite a few admirers.It is only after her death, her novels were well recognised, gained historical importance, and are considered classics of english literature.In her novels, Jane Austen is usually concerned with the well bred, well mannered and polished women of urbane and civilized England.Marriage and the pursuit of it forms the centre of Jane Austens novels.Her novel “Emma” is about its chief character Emma about whom, she herself declares in the introduction of the novel, “I am going to take a heroine whom no one but myself will much like”.This paper means to analyze, Emma the heroine of the novel a an overbearing, pompous,headstrong immature girl who eventually begins to realize her own faults, and undergoes a tremendous change towards the end of the novel.

The Indo-U.S. civilian nuclear agreement, also known as the Indo-U.S. nuclear deal, refers to a bilateral accord on civil nuclear cooperation between the United States of America and the Republic of India. The framework for this agreement was a July 18, 2005 joint statement by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and then U.S. President George W. Bush, under which India agreed to separate its civil and military nuclear facilities and place all its civil nuclear facilities under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards and, in exchange, the United States agreed to work toward full civil nuclear cooperation with India. . This agreement has put Indo-US relation on new heights. The irritants in the bilateral relations in terms of ideology, closed Indian economy, India's inclination towards Soviet Union during the cold war and later India's nuclear detonation and its pessimistic attitude towards the NPThave certainly created hyphenation in the bilateral relations, but with the unveiling of nuclear agreement there is a shift in the bilateral engagements not only on nuclear front but on the political, economic and strategic relations as well. Notwithstanding, the merits of Indo-US nuclear deal there are many issues that are yet to be resolved vis-à-vis Indo-US nuclear agreement. The objective of this paper is to understand the deal and its political, economic and strategic impact on India's foreign policy

In recent years, the relevance of pragmatics has become increasingly clear to applied linguists. Though the scope of pragmatics is far from easy to define, the variety of research interests and developments in the field share one basic concern is the need to account for the rules that govern the use of language in context. One of the basic challenges for research in pragmatics is the issue of universality: to what extent is it possible to determine the degree to which the rules that govern the use of language in context vary from culture to culture and from language to language? Answers to this question have to be sought through cross-cultural research in pragmatics.

Colour is the side-effect of the spectrum of light, as it is reflected or absorbed, as received by the human eye and processed by the human brain. It is the visual perceptual property and it can attract attention of the investor and change investor mood also. Thus, investment decisions are typically based on the investor's risk appetite. For example, someone in their early twenties might aggressively invest in equities whereas a retired person is likely to prefer fixed-income investments.

Urbanisation is the physical growth of urban areas, which result in population growth, increase of settlement, high density of population and it also psychological stage of urban way of life. In India urban population has increased from 2.58 crores in 1901 to 37.71 corers in 2011 due to rapid industrialization and rural to urban migration. According to 2011, Census of India, Maharashtra is the fifth urbanised state with an urban population of 45.23 %, after Goa (62.17%), Mizoram (51.51%), Tamil Nadu (48.45 %) and Kerala (47.72 %). Rapid urbanisation raises many issues which might have both positive and negative impacts on environment. The monitoring urbanisation is vital role of planner, management, governmental and non-governmental organizations for implementing policies to optimize the use of natural resources and accommodate development at the same time minimizing the impact on the environment. The present research work is an attempt to understand the level, trends and spatial patterns of urbanisation in Maharashtra during 1991-2011.

We all know that black money is being generated by tax evasion through unreported/shadow/hidden accounts and also by corruption and fake currency. Tax evasion is being caused by the indirect result of high tax component on commodities and services, multiple taxes, complex tax structures, cumbersome accounting, auditing and tax returns. In the present economic system, there is huge money in physical form (bills/notes). For example in India, there is an estimated physical currency of 10,72,020 crores with the public out of total money supply of 77,25,560 crores excluding fake currency in the economic system (As at 2012 - June 29 ). This physical currency is about 13.8% of the total money supply in the economic system. The percentage of physical money may vary from country to country. There are reported to be plenty of cases of lootings, robberies, homicides, extortions, ransoms, and bribes across the world in almost all nations because of this huge money in physical form. This physical money, in huge amounts, is being transferred from one hand to the other eluding all tax nets in transactions of commodities or goods. The unaccounted GDP is said to be too heavy and varies from country to country depending upon the corruption level that exists in that country. In addition to this black money there are also huge amounts of fake currency that has contaminated the genuine currency. The combined effect of the black money and fake currency is playing havoc with economies of many countries

Michael Ondaatje's contribution to the English literature is highly admired and approved by critics. His novel The English Patient has bagged for him the most celebrated award, the Booker prize. Ondaatje has confirmed his dexterity by presenting variety of themes and techniques in his works. His creative adroitness revives life in the pages of his novels. To make life-like portrait he creates real situation for his characters. For the purpose he picks some historical incidents and uses them in his narratives. This use of history frequently comes in some of his novels. To create actual setting Ondaatje employs some historical incidents or facts and exercises a technique of blending history in his fictional account. This technique has been abundantly used in his masterpiece The English Patient.

Government has started several poverty alleviation programmes. These programmes are mainly concern with the provision of elementary education, health, water supply, roads, electrification, rural housing, nutrition and urban slums etc. Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) is one of them which provide houses to the BPL. It was started in 1985 as a part of the Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Program (RLEGP).The present research study is tries to examine the progress of Indira Awaas Yojana in Sangli District form 2006-07 to 2011-12.The study has considered secondary data at district level and it arrived at conclusion that the allocation of sanctioned houses is concentrated in just few tehsils and the major part of the district is out sided from the benefits of IAY. The data shows that the availability of the fund is not actual matter of concern but the implementation and efficient allocation among the different tehsils is considerable issue.

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate anthropometrical variations among the all India intervarsity, national and state level long distance runners. The study consisted of 227 All India Intervarsity, 131 National and 42 State Long Distance Runners from different levels of competition. The age group ranged from 18 to25 years. Measurements included the thigh length of all athletes. For measuring the thigh length the measuring tape were used. It was found that there is a significant difference between the mean thigh length of all India intervarsity and national level long distance runners. Where as there is a no difference exists between national and state level long distance runners and also between all India intervarsity and state level.

- In general usage of drugs is of two kinds. First type is used only for one time or short periods; second type of drugs used for a longer periods. Drugs for short period may be used in higher dosages, but long term usage of drugs has to be taken necessary precautions on the adverse effects on the organ systems and behavioural aspects of animals/human beings. But in case of toxic drugs it is very essential to carry out acute and sub acute toxicity studies as per OECD guide lines to known the lethal and sub lethal doses and also LD value of the drug. Sub acute studies of the drug has to be carried out in daily 50 dose method for minimum period three weeks to one month in sub lethal doses/ low doses based on the acute toxic effects and the LD values of drug. Pittosporum floribundum herbal remedies are very 50 important in curing asthma, arthritis, inflammation and acts as antidote against snake poison also as sedative and analgesic.

Agriculture is the backbone for any country's economic development and it creates and for the opportunities of employment and business for the women also as it is a labor intensive industry. Rural entrepreneurship is now a days a major opportunity for the people who migrate from rural areas or semi - urban areas to Urban areas. On the contrary it is also a fact that the majority of rural entrepreneurs are facing many problems due to not availability of primary amenities in rural areas of developing country like India. Lack of education, financial problems, insufficient technical and conceptual ability it is too difficult for the rural entrepreneurs to establish industries in the rural area.

In the early debates on 'environment' and 'development' there was a sharp division between those who supported 'development' over 'environment' and those who argued for 'environment' over development. The development is not required for the sake of development alone but for the development of human being. There has, however, been an increased awareness about the fact that, human beings need both 'development' and 'environment'. There is a growing recognition that the overall goals of environment and development are not conflict but are indeed same, namely the improvement of human quality of life. This realization has led to the reconciliation between 'development' and 'environment'. The concept of sustainable development represent such an attempt to reconcile the goals of development and environmental protection

The purpose of the study was to compare the psychological variables such as anxiety, achievement motivation, self concept, locus of control and team relationship among the university women football players of south and west zone Defenders, Midfielders and Forwards. The requirements for the collection of data through administration of questionnaires were explained to the subjects so as to avoid any ambiguity of the effort required on their part and prior to the administration of the questionnaire. Independent randomized research design the Standardized Questionnaires was used in getting information on hand as primary data. No secondary sources and indirect means were adapted so as to get only first hand information and collected data from directly. The collected data were subjected to statistical treatment to find out any differences between the groups in the dependent variables selected using 2 x 3 factorial design. The results on comparative analysis on psychological variable anxiety among university women football players at different topography and positional play as statistically analyzed through 2 x 3 factorial analysis of variance was presented and tabulated

Pangi valley probably the most remote area of Himachal Pradesh, lying in between Pir Panjal ranges of Himachal Pradesh and Zanskar ranges of J&K. This rugged, semiarid subdivision of Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh is a transition zone between Himalayas and Trans-Himalayas , thus a home to the most diverse flora of the western Himalayas. So a preliminary study was planned to document the medicinal plants and their local uses.

Women though constitute half of the world population yet violence against women is not a new phenomenon. Women have been the victims in all ages, societies, religion, culture and communities. Various forms of violence are attributed to a women and domestic violence is one such violence. It is perpetrated by persons in the intimate family relationships. Women are in a sense the social conscience of a country. Women plays different role in a society starting from a daughter, sister , wife daughter in law etc. . But inspite of this, life of the female child is neither easy nor welcomed. Gender violence manifests itself in various forms such as female foeticide, sexual abuse, molestation, sexual harassment at work place, marital rape, domestic violence etc. In case of violence against women, cases of female infanticide, bride burning, dowry murder, rape, women battering etc. involve physical violence. The irony of the situation is that she is not only robbed of her dignity and pride by the way of seduction by men outside the doorsteps of their home, but also, she becomes a victim of cruelty within the four walls of her own home. Marriages are made in heaven but it is hell on earth for millions of married women when family commits all types of violence against women. So what we have seen now a days is the frequent occurrence of domestic violence against women violence within a family. So this paper will mainly try to analyse the problem of domestic violence against women with a special reference to Assam