Violence against women can occur either within their households or outside. Family is considered the safest place or its members, but this illusion has been proved wrong by the experiences of women who face the threat of violence in their own homes. Term 'domestic violence' refers to destructive acts which cause physical injury or harm to a woman in her household. The term domestic violence is generally used to refer to physical abuse, but it should also include deprivations, which members of a family may experience, through not necessarily physical abuse.

In this study an attempt has been made to understand reality behind the planetary influences on human behaviour which is also known as “Gauquelin effect” with a scientific approach. There is a vast scope for scientific study on the above topic. Water is the most abundant chemical compound in living human cells, accounting for 65- 90% of each cell. Each water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom, but the mass of each oxygen atom is much higher than the combined mass of the hydrogen. All organic compounds contain carbon, which is why carbon is the second most abundant element in the body. Six elements account for 99% of the mass of the human body: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Although aluminum and silicon are abundant in the earth's crust, they are found in trace amounts in the human body. The human body is made up of materials and minerals found on the surface of the ground, and not from the core of the earth. Oxygen, being the most abundant element on the earth's crust or on the ground, makes up 65 percent of the human body, and carbon, also abundant on the top soil of the ground, is 18 percent, and hydrogen is 10 percent. The exact proportion of the minerals and materials, if maintained, make up a healthy human body. Excesses in these materials will cause disorders and diseases. Excess of aluminum, for example, and iron, will be toxic for the human body. The proportions of the abundance of the 59 elements on the earth's crust, is amazingly represented in its presence in the human body. Ionosphere and Ozonosphere is the main life protective shield for earth and human body.

The component of internal assessment was introduced formally in Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) programme in Himachal Pradesh University, India, initially in the year 2007. The present study aimed at comparing the combined mean scores for eight courses on 'component of internal assessment' for each of the three years i.e. 2008, 2009 and 2010. The sample for the study included all the candidates who were enrolled in different teacher-training institutions and passed their B.Ed. examination during the years 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10. As such, 6524, 6440 and 7596 students were included in the sample for the years 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively. The scores of the students for internal assessment for each of the eight courses were noted down from university records. The study revealed that: (a) almost equal number of mean differences (14, 17 and 15) emerged significant at 0.05 or 0.01 levels of confidence in 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively, (b) there emerged no particular trend as far as the level of significance or no significance between means is concerned for any of the three years, (c) due to very low standard deviations even very small mean differences emerged as significant. Even a mean difference as low as 0.04 also emerged significant, and (d) the trend of significant means for 2008, 2009 and 2010 was not uniform for the three years.

In new global era, no organisation can operate in an isolated environment. There is a greater need of interaction with a host of stakeholders associated with different geographical-areas and ethnic group who have their own cultures, perceptions and values. The work-place diversity, increased aspirations of the stakeholders and various laws, treaties and conventions have made it as an imperative for the corporate- management to embrace a new language of management which would respect and promote globally accepted human-rights of people

Ni substituted Cu-Zn ferrites with chemical reaction having formula NixCu0.55- Zn Fe O (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50) have been prepared by x 0.45 2 4 oxalate precursor route. The crystal phase of Ni Cu Zn Fe O was characterized by x 0.55-x 0.45 2 4 X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD). Thermal variation of normalized susceptibility with temperature was studied by using AC susceptibility technique. The 0 initial permeability as a function of temperature from room temperature to 450 C was measured at 1 KHz frequency

Land use efficiency is defined as the extent to which the net area sown has been cropped or resown. The total cropped area or gross area sown as percentage of net area sown gives a measure of land use efficiency which really means the intensity of cropping. The higher the index of the efficiency of cropping the higher the land use efficiency vice versa. Agricultural productivity is largely depending upon the land use efficiency. In this paper an attempt has been made to measure the level of Agricultural Land Use Efficiency by selecting Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra In the present study tehsil is taken as a basic unit of study investigation. The period selected for the present study is ten years i.e.from 1997-98 to 2007-08. The study is entirely based on secondary data which is collected form Socio–Economic Review and District Statistical Abstract of Ahmednagar, Census Handbook of Maharashtra and Ahmednagar District, District Gazetteer of Ahmednagar. Jasbir Singh´s method of land use efficiency is employed to measure the land use efficiency. Present study reveals significant spatial variation and imbalances in land use efficiency.

In numerous applications of signal processing, communications and biomedical we are faced with the necessity to remove noise and distortion from the signals. Adaptive filtering is one of the most important areas in digital signal processing to remove background noise and distortion. As received signal is continuously corrupted by noise where both received signal and noise signal both changes continuously, then this arise the need of adaptive filtering. In last few years various adaptive algorithms are developed for noise cancellation. The normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithm is an important variant of the classical LMS algorithm for adaptive linear filtering. It possesses many advantages over the LMS algorithm, including having a faster convergence and providing for an automatic time-varying choice of the LMS stepsize parameter that affects the stability, steady-state mean square error (MSE), and convergence speed of the algorithm. An auxiliary fixed step-size that is often introduced in the NLMS algorithm has the advantage that its stability region (step-size range for algorithm stability) is independent of the signal statistics. This paper describes the development of an adaptive noise cancellation algorithm like NLMS(Normalized Least Mean Square)for effective recognition of signal on MATLAB platform .We simulate the adaptive filter in MATLAB with noisy signal and obtained result shows that NLMS algorithm eliminates noise from noisy signal and get desired result at the output

The paper aims to historicising the Nilgiris Region through the ages which includes the Rule of various Rulers in the ancient and medieval period, the arrival of Portuguese , the British East India Company's possession of the Nilgiris, the settlements of Europeans at Ooty, Coonoor, Kothagiri, the dedicated role of John Sullivan for the enhancement of the Nilgiris Regions, the significance of Stone House, separation of Nilgiris Region form the District of Coimbatore, formation of the Nilgiris District, services of S.R Lushington for the promotion of the Nilgiris, Visit of Various Madras Governors to Ooty, the abolition of Zamindar System, the introduction Ryotwari System, the first Commissioner, the first Collector of the Nilgiris District, the spoken languages of the people, the original tribal inhabitants, the location and scenic beauty of the Nilgiris, and about coffee and tea plantations.

Rabindranath Tagore's longest short story is “The Hungry Stones”. It is a blend of 'Three isms'-Lyricism, Realism and Supernaturalism. A solitary marble palace built by Emperor Mahmud Shah II for his pleasure and luxury about 250 years ago is the background of the story. The atmosphere in the palace is full of “unrequited passions” and “lurid flames of wild blazing pleasure” which raged within that palace centuries ago. Even today, the curse of all the heart-aches and blasted hopes had made its every stone thirsty and hungry, eager to swallow up a living flesh. Thus it is called the story of “The Hungry Stones”.

As an alternative reagent to various traditional dehydrogenating reagents Diacetoxy iodo benzene is stable, non-hazardous, acidic and has been successfully used 1 for dehydrogenation reactions . Herein we report a new and ecofriendly route for dehydrogenation of 2,3-dihydro-2- phenyl-4-quinolone to 2-phenyl-4-quinolone using diacetoxy iodo benzene and 2 potassium hydroxide . A series of 2,3-dihydro-2-phenyl-4-quinolones3 has been synthesized using acid-catalyzed one-pot reaction quinolones were prepared through cyclization of the condensation product that were formed by heating of arylamines and ethyl benzoylacetate in toluene. Similarly, the 6 (7 or 8)-substituted 2,3-dihydro-2- phenylquinolones were prepared from the para (ortho or meta)-substituted aniline.

Every country governed by constitutionalism is bound to follow the principles and rules made by the fundamental document of the country. Our constitution embodies parliamentary form of government based on Westminster (British) model. Under this form the council of ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. They hold office only if the majority in Lok Sabha supports. And none of the minister is suppose to express his individual view inconsistent with party policy. In parliamentary democracy the mandate to rule the state is given not to any individual but to a particular party. When any individual secure votes because of his allegiance to political party and after winning if he gives up the membership of that party or become disloyal to then should there be any penalty for those defectors. Or once a person gets elected as an independent candidate, the mandate of the voters is that he should remain independent throughout his tenure in the house and under no circumstances he should join any political party. This policy of aaya ram and gaya ram followed by some of the leaders under lust for post and power is strictly undertaken by our constitution in tenth schedule titled as to disqualification on ground of defection popularly known as anti-defection law. The paper seeks to examine the law on defection with special reference to the role of speaker in context of judicial review.

Land utilization is the proper use of land to the various natural and cultural purposes. The rapid growth of population is determining the pattern of land use in the world. The populations are growing by geometric method but the geographical area is all time constant. In this paper analyzed the relationship of population and land utilization in the Maharashtra state during the period of 1970-71 to 2009-10. The study of land utilization is important for the future planning and development. According to the population Maharashtra is the second largest state and occupied 9.29 percent population of India in Census 2011 but in geographical area third in the country and occupies 9.84% of the geographical area. The main focus of the present study is the determine pressure of population over the land. During the period of 1971 to 2011the population, population density and urbanization is increased in the state. This is affected to the decreasing of forest (0.7 %), Net area sown (2.7%), Permanent pasture & grazing land (0.4%) and increase the Land under Non-agriculture use (2.5%), Cultivable wasteland (0.7%), Fallow land (0.6%) and Area sown more than once (13.1%). The percentage of small size of land holders is increased from 13.8% to 23.1% and large size land holders are decreased from 1.9 % to 0.05%. However per capita availability of forest and agriculture land is decreasing from 0.11 to 0.046 hector and 0.38 to 0.20 hector respectively during the study period in the state

Water moulds were isolated from different ponds, ditches and lakes around Pune city. They were cultured and purified for identification. Among all Saprolegnia was dominant. Mechanism of zoospore release was observed.

The aim of this study was to investigate the self efficacy of high & low performance groups of basketball players. For this 200 basketball players male & female from Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab) , and age of the samples ranged from 18-25 years. All the samples selected from random basis. To measure the self efficacy of Players, Banduras (1977) scale of self efficacy was used. This questionnaire is highly reliable & valid. Results found that there is a significant difference of self efficacy in high & low performance groups i.e. higher in interuniversity players & lowers in intercollegiate players. But in male & female players of same level but there is no significant difference.

Socio-economic status of plain and hill area differ to a large degree from each other. Such type of study is very much common for both the areas. Rishop village of Darjeeling is very much interesting from social as well as economic point of view. On one hand tourism is a part of their economic life, on the other hand they are exceptional in West Bengal in terms of language, religion, way of life style etc. All these are due to the especial category of physical, and atmospheric set up.

Rhizosphere is the region where soil & roots makes contact. The microbial growth is enhanced by nutritional substances released from plant tissues. It is highly favorable habitat for proliferation and metabolism of numerous microbial types. Next to nitrogen phosphorus is most important plant nutrient. Microorganisms influence phosphorus availability to plant through the process of mineralization & immobilization. Pseudomonas species live in a commensal relationship with plants. Pseudomonas species have ability to produce different types of metabolites like antibiotics which are harmful to plant pathogens. This practice is known as bio-control. In the present work screening of phosphate solubilizing Pseudomonas from rhizosphere of soybean was done by using selective media. Further study was done on Pikovaskys medium. After incubation at room temperature for 4-6 days clear zone (Zone of solubilizzation) were observed around the colony. The quantification of phosphorus solubilizing ability has been evaluated as PSE. Based on morphological, physiological & biochemical tests, Pseudomonas species were identified. It was observed that two isolates of Pseudomonas PSPF-02 & PSPF -05 shows high PSE. The isolates of Pseudomonas were further tested for antimicrobial activity. It was found that Bacillus subtilis NCIM2010; E .coli NCIM2064; Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIM 2719 were highly sensitive while C. albicans NCIM3557; Fusarium oxysporium (soil isolate) Xanthomonas compestris NCIM2956 were less sensitive to the isolates of Pseudomonas.

Corporate social responsibility is a management concept whereby organizations amalgamate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and interactions with their stakeholders. CSR is generally understood as being the way through which a company achieves a equilibrium of economic, environmental and social imperatives, while at the same time addressing the expectations of shareholders and stakeholders. In this sense it is important to draw a distinction between CSR, which can be a strategic business management concept, and charity, sponsorships or philanthropy.

A land of massive natural uniqueness, Sikkim portrays its distinctiveness in the process of its nation building process too. Ruled for a long time by the monarchs and their monarchies, the state was isolated for a very long time from the main landmass of India. The population change of the area, as it was constantly immigrated from the neigbouring countries had a great reflectance on the change of kingship in the past to its present political set up. Related to this phenomenon is the division of people in various castes and groups. Its history of modernity in every walks of life and politics is very recent. Hence the present paper is just an effort to highlight yet another piece of rarity of the land in terms of its past and present caste, geographic boundary shifting in the administrative arena as well as its reflectance on the societal structure

In this paper we obtain a common fixed point theorem only the real valued function defined on intervals. We try to develop the differentiable function. In this paper we see that every rational function is differentiable except at the point where the denominator is zero

'Public relation' is an additional weapon at the UCB's hands in meeting the utility challenges while floating its financial products for more useful purpose. As communications grew from word of mouth to fast reporting of corporate ills and skills, so marketing of goods and services and its utilities kept pace with UCBs and other organizations .Now UCB's are aware of the speed of public and media communication; people are experiencing unprecedented levels of good services from these organizations owing to good training and monitoring of staff and facilities. There will always be bad experiences, rude or apathetic staff, arrogant management, and so on, but this is becoming more and more confined to few UCBs and their business.

Mostly the literature of the present depicts the difference between male and female, the rich and the poor, colonizers and the colonized, and oppressors and the oppressed. From the rise of the feminism in the world, a variety of writers- both male and female, tried their level best to show the plight of women, their inferiority, economic insecurity, social discrimination and all that. At the same time the literature of the minority was flourishing a lot stating the bad condition of the minority in their concerned state. The women from the minority communities, particularly the black women, came ahead to assert their rights in the patriarchal society. As we say that the literature has the power to change the society, the feminists portrayed many women characters with different qualities in their works to let the world know the condition of women. Some having adhered to the old social structure where the role of women was bound to the household work only and the others challenged the old systems and searched for the new identity for women in the manmade world. The present paper deals with the portrayal of various women characters in Monica Ali's Brick lane.

In coalition politics when no single-party is able to reach power by itself. In such circumstances one party joins another one or more parties to fight the elections and / or to form a government.

The energy from sun is Solar energy and is really powerful ,renewable and free. We can use it to make electricity, to heat buildings and to cook. The field of cooking consumes many fossil fuels such as gas and wood. Million people cannot find enough gas and/or wood to cook, so use solar cookers is a good idea. During this work, we designed, built and studied a parabolic solar concentrator type solar cooker. Various designs of the solar cookers were studied in order to optimize their performance. They vary by the geometrical form and the place of the cooking pot. The characteristic of parabolic concentrator type solar cooker are studied and the experimental results are given

This paper addresses several legal issues in Hospital Administrators with attention to recent court cases that focus on physicians' responsibility, fiduciary duty and the impact that these legal decisions have on physicians practicing in a managed care environment. Discussion of the impact of changes in the control of decision making processes for physicians, the use of managed care protocols, restriction of resources and gate keeping systems are addressed as are the specific duties and obligations of physicians to their patients

A single examination does not fulfill all the functions of assessment, such as assessing knowledge, comprehension, skills, motivation, and feedback [1,2,3]. A good test must be acceptable to those using it, feasible, valid and reliable [4]. The present study was undertaken to determine the reliability and student satisfaction regarding the objective structured practical examination (OSPE) as a method of practical examination. The present study was undertaken in the Department of Anatomy of UP Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Saifai. During the OSPE, students were made to rotate through 11 stations, of which 8 stations were composed of questions that tested their knowledge and critical thinking, 1 station tested their skills to carry out surface marking, and 1 station composed of skills that students had to perform before the examiner. One station was kept as the rest station. Performance of the students was assessed by comparing the students scores in the traditional practical examination (TPE) and OSPE. Student perspectives regarding the OSPE were obtained by asking them to a questionnaire. Overall a better scoring was reached by all the students. Not only this, the number students failing in the practical examination was also reduced in OSPE. Feedback indicated that students were in favour of the OSPE compared with the TPE. Feedback from the students provided scope for improvement of ongoing practical examinations by inducting OSPE.

A considerable amount of foreign direct investments flows into developing and transitional economies and this has helped to stimulate economic development and reduce poverty of these nations. FDI is an important tool in the economic development of the nation. If properly navigated, FDI truly acts as a catalyst for development of sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, services, SME and other sectors. Indian retail sector is one of the most sought after sectors that carry great potential for attracting FDI. Retailing is the interface between the producer and the individual consumer buying for personal consumption. Retailing is the final link that connects the individual consumer with the manufacturing and distribution chain. The issue of encouraging FDI in retail sector in India is one of the most controversial and debated issue in recent times. Despite of many reasons behind allowing and not allowing FDI from entering our Indian borders, there are few examples of other developing countries who initially protested against the entry of foreign investment in the retail sector and then, later on proved out to be the most effective decision in country's development and standing in the world. The final decision is yet to be taken by the Indian Government for the same. The researcher was collected data from sample of 100 consumers for this study through questionnaire method in Mysore District of Karnataka,

This article is for those universities that have English as compulsory subject for the second year. The aim of this syllabus is to improve language competence through language and literature studies. SYBA, being a course in higher education, we cannot exclusively insist on grammar. The syllabus of the second year Compulsory English is one step ahead of that of the first year. Discussion on the first year's syllabus will be found in the researcher's article on that syllabus. The first year syllabus consists of anthology and phonetics. The second year syllabus should be divided, as usual, into literary text(s) and language. The second year's syllabus should be a bit more advanced than the first year's syllabus. However, it should not be much more advanced than that of the first year. In literature, the researcher thinks of suggesting two texts—one for each term. Text for the first term may be a collection of poems. That for the second term may be a collection of short stories, literary or reflective essays. Care should be taken that the poems and short stories/essays adapt to the level of the students. In language, it would be better to prescribe vocabulary for the first term and some important topics in basic sentence constructions for the second. The evaluation system may be 80 + 20. Syllabus may be divided into two equal portions, one for each term. Term end examination may test the first half syllabus. This examination will carry 60 marks. The annual examination will be of 80 marks. It will test the second half of the syllabus along with some portion of the first half of the syllabus. This pattern is most beneficial in our current state of education

“Corruption and hypocrisy ought not to be inevitable products of democracy, as they undoubtedly are today” – Mahatma Gandhi Health care is one of the most important aspect of integrated development of society and health status is one of the indicators of the quality of life. It is a source of man's happiness and also leads to their progress. Health is closely related to some concepts like socio–economic development and productivity. When health sector doesn't perform properly and efficiently due to biases and corruption then the overall development of the nation gets effected, hence decreasing the productivity levels and socio–economic development.

A Roit is a spontaneous outburst of the people on some casual issues. It is obvious that major riots were not planned or organized , and they often lacked leadership. They were in the nature of disputes between two parties , or they were the violent activities of a party of the people on some fortuitous issues. Major riots occured after a period of time during which tensions mounted to such an extent that only a small incident was needed to let loose the pent-up furies. Riots took place in the form of communal strife, caste conflict, sectarian clash, labour unrest, student disturbance, religious trouble, political discontent. Several factors contributed for the development of a riotous situation in Madras in 1921. Even though it was a labour riot, the existing caste system also played an important role in the riots. It was a collective violence leveled against the Adi-Dravida Labourers. It was an unlawful exercise of physical force so as to injure the Adi-Dravida workers and damage their huts and properties. Other words used in connection with these Madras Riots were, 'unnatural', 'undue' , 'extreme' and 'vehement'. The formation of Madras Labour Union in 1918 in Madras intensified labour strikes against the authority of Buckingham and Carnatic Mills (B & C Mills). Adopting divide and rule policy, the Government induced the Adi-Dravida Labourers not to join the Labour strikes organized by the Madras Labour Union which led to Labour Riots in Pulianthoppu and Perambur in Madras, called 'Madras Riots’

“Public library is a social institution owned and maintained by the public of its area for the socialization of its books and kindred materials for free service to the people 1 of the area ”.

The above report reveals that the child ratio in case of females has dropped; Moreover, such dropping of sex ratio is lowest since Independence We are living in the era of development, we call ourselves civilized and modern but it seems that development to us means developing things rather than developing ourselves

Migration is one the fundamental elements in determining population growth and structure. People migrate to urban centers for many reasons among which economic factors are most important. However underlying these is also the desire for social and cultural change in a new environment. These days Migration of people from rural to urban center has become a common feature in developing countries. Ethiopia is one of the less developed and an agrarian countries where agriculture is the backbone of its economy. The development of agriculture is not sufficient and the productivity is deteriorating which fails to meet the basic needs of the society that is why the society is forced to migrate to urban areas. Mekelle the study area is also facing problems resulting from rural-urban migration. It is the capital of Tigray National Regional state in Ethiopia. It is located in the Northern part of the country at a distance of 870km from the capital Addis Ababa.Mekelle city has a total population of 215,546 of which 104,758 are male and 110,788 female. The total area of the city is 24.44 square km (CSA 2007).. The main objective of this paper is to find the existing problem facing Mekelle town due to large influx of migrants from rural areas. For this purpose both primary and secondary sources of data have been used. Findings of this study show that Most of the migrants were between the age of18-29, which accounts for nearly 60% of the total migrants in the city that there is high rate of unemployment, which is caused by scarcity of agricultural land and job in the rural areas. On the other hand in Mekelle town there is little economic and employment opportunity as compared with the number of influx of the migrants in the city. Employment opportunities are largely available in informal sector because majority of the migrants are unskilled.

Trigonella foenum-graceum L. has unique ability to maintain a high protein level throughout the growing season therefore it is cultivated as a commercial crop. The use of biofertilizers on Trigonella plant showed the significant effect on growth and leaf, seed protein content. Compared to control shoot length and root length was more in the pot containing different biofertilizers. The total Chlorophyll content was maximum in the leaves of plants grown in the pot containing 50 gm of Rhizobium and 50 gm Azotobacter. The maximum leaf protein content was noticed in the plant grown in the pot containing 50 gm of Rhizobium and 50 gram of Azotobacter. The maximum seed protein was noticed in the plants grown in soil containing 50 gm of Rhizobium and 50 gm of Azotobacter.

The aim of the study was to analysis whether the teachers' assumptions that scores on life skill are boosting students performance in Summative assessment are justified. For this propose students performance in Summative assessment of three two sections of grade ten of private English medium school of Narsingarh .The correlation between the two components was obtained using Person's correlation coefficient ,performance on the two components within each sections was compaired “t” test. Performances in life skill over the sections were analyzed by one way ANOVA. Comparison of the ratio of life skill to Summative assessment was done between the passed and failed students of all the two sections separately using chi square test. The result showed that no statically significant difference in the performance in both components of the sections A but in section B performance in Summative assessment were significantly higher than life skills performance. The conclusion drawn from the study proves that life skills are not boosting students performance in Summative assessment.

The present paper is mainly focused on the development of village Pohale through the development of the ancient Buddhist origin caves situated near the village, in the tourism perspectives. Pohale is the small village in the Panhala tahsil of Kolhapur district (MS), 10 km away from Kolhapur city. Near this village, there are excellent caves, which are one the model of best archaeological sites and having a great potential of tourism but still neglected by the tourists and local people also. The development of village Pohale may be possible through thoughtful planning and promoting these caves in the tourism sense. This is the main intention behind this paper.

Generally, the functioning of the Government and its processes remains remarkably hidden from the view of the citizens. Since the insularity of the Government processes stands at odds with ordinary notions of democratic policymaking and effective delivery of citizen centric services, many citizens and policymakers look with hope to new Information Communication Technologies (ICT) as a way of overcoming democratic deficit in the functioning of the Government. Just as the ICT has swept through global commerce and everyday life, it also promises to transform the functioning of the Government for effective delivery of citizen centric services, good governance with more transparent and accountable systems, that enhancing the opportunities for more active participation of the citizens, resulting into vibrant democracy

A good manager should perform - planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Employees are a resource of institutions and managers need to look at how to maximize their resources. If managers can understand what employees' needs are and help them meet those needs, those smiling, familiar, and hard working faces will be seen around the office for a much longer time. Managers must acknowledge each person's expectations, preoccupations and needs. He must also display model leadership behavior and skills. He must find ways to motivate the employees in order to encourage productivity and ensure job satisfaction. A manager cannot force an employee to be successful at his job, but he can motivate him with fair treatment, proper incentives and adequate compensation.

Effective management of emotions is an important aspect of human behavior. Many investigations in the field of personality indicate that emotional maturity and social skills along with intelligence bring adjustment and success in one's life. An emotionally intelligent person can manage his /her feeling in a better way and cope with stress, with the effective ability to solve problems. It is said that the emotionally intelligent person is the one who is capable to managing one's feeling and emotions in various aspects of one's life. Such a person consequently is well adjusted and more successful in various areas of educational and other professional fields.

In any society women population is close to half of the total population. Therefore, for any meaningful development of any society effective participation of women becomes mandatory. This simple fact, though very obvious, has eluded being addressed comprehensively for decades. No modern society can claim to be progressive without the inclusive role of women in all walks of life, leading to socioeconomic change and development

The aim of the present study was to investigation relationship between anthropometric indices with hands and feet strength of female students. In order to this purpose, all 17-21 years female students in lucknow that studied on 2011-2012 evaluated. Regarding to the study goals, this study was descriptive and experimental type. Among statistical population 377 female students from lucknow University randomly selected as the study sample. With regard to the standard methods, study variables such as height (cm), Weight (kg), leg length (cm), hand length (cm), hip circumference (cm), calf circumference (cm) and the BMI measured. The results showed that there are positive significant relationships between arm power with weight, height, arm circumference, hand length and BMI (á =0.05). The results also showed that there are positive significant relationships between leg power with, height, hand length and leg length (á =0.05).

All areas of education face changes and challenges constantly. Early childhood education is no exception. A recent challenge teachers face in early childhood education is the advent of inclusion. Implementing inclusion in early childhood classrooms creates more diversity among the children. Inclusion of students with various disabilities has caused concern among parents and teachers. There are some concerns that need special attention when including students with disabilities in the early childhood classrooms. Reforming public education to accommodate the needs of special education children placed in regular classrooms is a vital issue .For several years there have been arguments concerning the placement of children with disabilities in the regular classrooms. When inclusion children are placed in the regular classrooms the teachers are required to provide individualized instruction for the inclusion children. This may take away the time the teacher have to spend with the other children

The rural mass of Sivasagar district are primarily dependent on Agriculture. Farming has been the mainstay of the large majority of the people. Settled cultivation is the general characteristics and rice has been the most dominant crop activity in the area. Of course, mustard, sugarcane, pulses and various types of vegetables are also grown to a limited expect. In addition dairy, poultry, piggery, sericulture, weaving and fishery are some of the subsidiary occupation of the inhabitants of the area. However, the entire area under this sector are lagging behind due to lack of proper policies on utilization of farm land, lack of extension services, poor purchasing capacity of majority of the people, negligible investment in farm production and lack of technologies along with the inertia of remaining in the traditional set up of the farming community of the area.

The purpose of the present study is to find out the difference in selected anthropometric variables in intellectually disabled school going students and normal students of selected age groups. The present study has conducted to study the anthropometric differences between intellectually disabled and normal students. In this study selected anthropometric variable are Total Arm Length, Upper Arm Length, Fore Arm Length, Total Leg Length, Upper Leg Length, Lower Leg Length, Hand Length, Palm Length, Foot Length, were taken. Sample for the study is included 150 subjects each of intellectually disabled and normal school going students of Himachal Pradesh. Each of these groups is further divided into three age groups i.e. 8-11 years, 12-15 years and 16-21 years. The data for the study is available in terms of the scores on selected anthropometric variables of 300 subjects. The t-test is applied to find out the difference between selected groups. Significance of the data was judged at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance. Results showed that there are significant differences in intellectually disabled and normal students in different age groups

The act of condition monitoring has actually been practiced by plant engineers for generating or estimating, how long a part of the equipment can continue in service until it needs to be shut down for repair using traditional touch, see and hear methods. The applications of computers, electronic measuring and detecting systems have provided a new approach to condition monitoring. The analysis of the information provided by the sensor output is done by using established techniques and interpretation of evaluated output, is then used to establish what actions are to be taken. The use of vibration signals is quite common in the field of condition monitoring of rotating machinery. In this paper, an attempt has been made to monitor the condition of a combustion air fan located at Wire Rod Mill Department in Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, India. The fan unit is supported by four Plummer blocks, two at motor end and the other two at fan end. Using the accelerometer, the velocities at the bearings are recorded and analyzed using ISO 2372 codes for identification of fault/ faults. The fault diagnosis had been supplemented with signatures recorded. Remedial measures are suggested to bring down the intensity of offensive signal. Fault diagnosis has been taken up with the help of an expert system developed in C#.net

India is one of the largest democracies in the world. Political parties play an important role in a democratic system. They are indispensable for the successful working of democracy. One without the other cannot exist and they are two sides of the same coin. Political parties in any democratic polity are supposed to be vital links between the State and Civil Society. The role of the political parties in the political system is almost the same as that of nerves and arteries in the biological system because they are the supply lines of the political process in a democratic polity. In the words of Finer “Democracy rests in its hopes and doubts upon the party system.

India is one of the largest democracies in the world. Political parties play an important role in a democratic system. They are indispensable for the successful working of democracy. One without the other cannot exist and they are two sides of the same coin. Political parties in any democratic polity are supposed to be vital links between the State and Civil Society. The role of the political parties in the political system is almost the same as that of nerves and arteries in the biological system because they are the supply lines of the political process in a democratic polity. In the words of Finer “Democracy rests in its hopes and doubts upon the party system.

Nano-particle size polycrystalline aluminum substituted cobalt ferrite samples CoFe2-2yAl2yO4 (where y = 0.0, 0.05, 0.15 and 0.25) have been prepared by standard ceramic technique. The lattice constants of the phases are evaluated from x-ray diffraction data. The effects of Al3+ on both AC and DC Electrical properties are studied. DC Electrical resistivity is found to increase with increase of aluminum content. Activation energies in ferromagnetic region are found very less than that of paramagnetic region. The SEM micrograph reveals that an average grain size increases with aluminum content. The dielectric constant ε’, complex permittivity ε” and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) measured at room temperature as a function of the frequency. The effect of Al3+ ion substitution of cobalt ferrite on the AC electrical resistivity and dielectric properties in frequency range 20 Hz to 1MHz. were studied. The data revealed that ε’ and tanδ increased as the Al3+ ion increased , due to the increase in the number of vacancies at the iron site.

Gender issues have been an important topic both in oral and written literature since ancient times. The writers from Chaucer to this date portrayed the different roles of women in their respective literary works. Although the image of women in the works of the majority of writers was inevitably one-sided, they paved a way for women novelists to represent women from a woman's perspective. Since then, the contributions of women novelists have become increasingly noteworthy. Over the last 150 years, women novelists have tried to explore the psychology and sociology of women with increasing depth and made significant contributions to the perception of women in the literary canon. More recently, the feminist movement has produced a more conscious depiction of the roles of women. However, the portrayal of women in the novels of Orwell is somewhat different from both traditional as well as modern novelists. It is stereotyped, devious, fatuous and weaker. Women characters in his novels are often degraded with humiliating names and in silent, sad and solitary ways. In this paper an attempt has been made to focus the identity of female characters in the novels of Orwel

“ Women Make up 50% of the world's population comprise 33.3% of the official labour force, perform nearly 66.6% of all working hours, receive 10% of the world's income and own less than 1% of World's property”. (The voice of the working women, UNO 1982)

The anatomy course offers important opportunities to develop professionalism at an early stage in medical education. Dissection in anatomy can be the beginning of a physician's training in how to isolate and restrict their emotional responses to difficult or disturbing clinical situations, or conversely how to deal appropriately with emotions engendered by such exposure. Study of regional anatomy through cadaveric dissection is considered to be a unique feature of medical courses in India. The benefits of meticulous dissection mostly fall into three domains: knowledge acquisition and integration, skills, and attitudes. Anatomical dissection is a time-honoured part of medical education. Bodies donated by patients themselves, for students to learn anatomy by dissection, is the ultimate gift, which needs continued appreciation by educators

The anatomy course offers important opportunities to develop professionalism at an early stage in medical education. Dissection in anatomy can be the beginning of a physician's training in how to isolate and restrict their emotional responses to difficult or disturbing clinical situations, or conversely how to deal appropriately with emotions engendered by such exposure. Study of regional anatomy through cadaveric dissection is considered to be a unique feature of medical courses in India. The benefits of meticulous dissection mostly fall into three domains: knowledge acquisition and integration, skills, and attitudes. Anatomical dissection is a time-honoured part of medical education. Bodies donated by patients themselves, for students to learn anatomy by dissection, is the ultimate gift, which needs continued appreciation by educators.

Drought is one of the major natural hazards affecting the environment and economy of countries worldwide. Droughts occurring every year over the India different parts have great impacts on human society, nature, and the global economy for example in declining crop yields, reduction of water supplies, and concerned vegetation. The main objective of this research paper is to Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVT) to augment agriculture drought-monitoring techniques. The NDVI is used, in this case, by comparing the deviation of the current satellite observation from the historical average within a certain time period, or window, of interest. In rainfall dependent agriculture production areas, seasonal rainfall variability is reflected in both highly variable production levels and in the risk livelihoods of local farmers. Remote sensing and Geographical Information Science has been used to monitor agro-climatic conditions, vegetation cover, and to estimate crop drought in study area. The study was conducted with 10 years (2001-2011) of Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite images NDVI information has been used in vegetation monitoring, crop yields assessment, and forecasting. The results show that in several Tehsils regions, there is a statistically significant correlation between Crop production and rainfall and the water balance parameters, indicating an unacceptable performance in detecting crop drought stress conditions. The impact of dry periods on crops is clearly observed in both arid land and wet land, and it is found that arid land presents a higher sensitivity

t: Caste is an important element of the Indian political process. It is legitimate. Caste has been inequality creating in Indian society. Therefore its influence on power shaping & Policy Making process. In this sense caste element has got sphere of influence in political process. Relationship between Caste & politics has been more eminent. Caste has been influencing on politics & politics has been influenced by caste. Limitation of Dominant caste at national level: dominant caste has been demanding for representation on national level. But their demands were not accepted by forward castes. The forward caste has been controlling National level power. Dominant caste has been controlling the state level power

Motivation is a planned managerial process which stimulates the people work to the best of their capabilities; by providing them monitory and non-monitory benefits with motives which are based on their unfulfilled needs. Present research involves comparative assessment of employee's perception towards motivational practices applied in selected five engineering units in Satara M.I.D.C. Sample units are selected by using purposive sampling method. So workers working in respective sample units are taken as sample. It is found that individual financial incentive, Salary increment, company's welfare facilities, regular training program etc. are the most effective motivational practices which helps to increase employee productivity, employee work efficiency and employee loyalty, But each organizations internal environment, rules and regulations and policies are different hence, results are also varies as per organization.

A doctor should not only obtain the consent of a patient but also his informed consent before administering any treatment or performance of medical procedure. The rationale behind this proposition is that every medical procedure is beset with inherent risk. No doubt a doctor performs the procedure for the benefit of his patient. But sometimes the risks may outweigh the benefit. Therefore risks associated with the procedure must be divulged to a patient along with relevant information regarding diagnosis to enable him to arrive at a decision whether to undergo the treatment or not. The underlying notion is that a human body is inviolate. It is a reflection of the principle of bodily autonomy, which confers an exclusive right of self-determination to a patient. Hence the presumption is that an adult of sound mind knows what shall be and shall not be done with his body. Therefore it is necessary to involve a patient in the medical decision making process that he should have his own share of information. In this article an attempt is made to examine the doctrine of informed consent from the Indian perspective with reference to the doctrine as interpreted in the USA, as it is a doctrine which was invented there and English law on the subject which is applied by the Indian courts.

The planet Earth along with atmosphere sustaining life is called Biosphere. Water, one of the important constituent of this biosphere may be considered as precious gift of nature which is essentially required by all kinds of life and is most abundantly available on the planet earth. In this paper, a study has been conducted to monitor the ground water quality of selected sites of Darbhanga city by examining the various physico-chemical parameters like pH, TD.S., D,O.& CO2 etc. It is found that the quality of ground water under study is nearly fit for drinking purpose, but it is recommended that ground water analysis should be carried out from time to time to monitor the rate and kind of contamination along with analysis of DBPs to corroborate the present study

The Indian sugar industry is a key driver of rural development, supporting India's economic growth. The industry is inherently inclusive supporting over 50 million farmers and their families, along with workers and enter-preneurs almost 550 sugar mills. Indian sugar industry is a cyclical industry, as on one hand if serves the domestic market, the largest in the world. Sugar is a sector of significant importance to the national economy while consumption has been growing historically the production has been cyclical. In an era where there is a need for inclusive growth the sugar industry is amongst the few industries that have successfully contributed to the rural economy

Sholapur is situated on 170 40' north latitude and 750 46' East longitude. It is about 283 miles from the sea-coast and situated at a height of 1800 feet above the mean seal levels.1 Sholapur City is the head –quarters of the district bearing the same name and is railway station on the broad gauge line of the South Central Railway ,165 miles to the South –East of Pune and 283 miles to the South-East of Bombay. Sholapur being a historical place and place with Religious Industrial and Commercial importance, there are a number of objects of interest in the city. The foremost amongst the object of interest in the city is its growth of Textile Industry.2 Economic Development of Sholapur can be traced by the study of the growth of the handloom, textile industry and bidi making industry

Bidar is a home place of sharanas and saints. Here Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Jains live with peacefully. The influence of veersaiva religion is very much in this district. Veerbhadra is one of the founders of Indian culture and tradition.(1) There are references of him in Indus valley and Vedic culture.(2) The fairs of Veerbhdreswara are celebrated in many villages, towns and cities in Bidar district. In ancient times Bidar was called 'Bidarur', 'Vidhuranagar', and 'Vidharb' etc.(3) It is situated in the Deccan trap. It is surrounded by Andhra Pradesh in east, Maharashtra in the north and Gulbarga in the west. It consists of five talukas and six Legislative Constituent Assembly seats. The Manjra, Karanja, Mullamari are the major rivers. It is 2206 feet above the sea level. Its extent is 5458 sq km.(4)

India is endowed with both natural and man-made attractions such as coast lines, snow capped mountains, wild life, heritage sights and monuments, hearth-taking picturesque etc. India has tremendous potential to promote inbound and outbound tourism. Tourism industry is the potential industry for generating foreign exchange and employment for the developing country like India. Tourism sector has become an important tool for achieving economic self-sufficiency in India through promoting international tourism. This study is depending on secondary data. The needed secondary data were collected from various sources like RBI, Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India, WTTC etc. Tourism sector capabilities of income generation, employment potential and poverty alleviation are quite considerable.