In the pr esent r esear ch paper a special study has been made of the typology of market centr es. So far as the study of spatial or ganization of market centr es is concerned an understanding of the typology of market centr es is important. Generally , classification shows a number of featur es about market centr es which bear on the distinguished interaction pattern between the market and sellers, market and its consumers, and in a totally , the market and its hinterland. Ther efor e, it assists in planning and pr ogramming further developments at the market centr e at the grass r oots, ensues as a natural consequence

In r ecent years small segment cars became mor e popular due to its low price and its attractive featur es. In Indian market the small segment cars have mor e welcome fr om all the parts of India. This r esear ch was carried to found the market potential to the small car industry in India For this study the structur ed questionnair e was carried and the study concluded with the 600 r espondents. It shows that market potential for the small car segment in Indian consumers overwhelm and Indian customers ar e the potential buyers to the small car segment.

E-Commer ce is buying and selling goods and pr oducts over internet. E - commer ce includes not only buying and selling goods over Internet, but also various business pr ocesses within individual or ganizations that support the goal. As with e- commer ce, e-business (electr onic business) also has a number of differ ent definitions and is used in a number of differ ent contexts. Specifically , the use of ICT in business has enhanced pr oductivity , encouraged gr eater customer participation, and enabled mass customization, besides r educing costs. One of the first to use the term was IBM, in October 1997, when it launched a campaign built ar ound e-business.

Retailing is a type of business that sells products and services to consumers for their personal or family use. India is currently the ninth largest retail market in the world. The Indian retail industry is divided into organized and unorganized sectors. Unorganized retailing, on the other hand, refers to the traditional formats of low-cost retailing, for example, the local Kirana shops, owner manned general stores. The Coefficient of Variance of Micro shops (71.99%) is less than the Co-efficient of Variance of Macro Shops (92.75%). maximum Micro shops were started at the place customer convenience whereas maximum Macro shops started at suitable market location

Diaspora W riting has slowly emer ged as one of the major ar eas in the field of Indian W riting in English giving expr ession to immigrant experience and sensitively handling the issues of cultural dilemmas and displacement, self and identity , nostalgia and loss, sense of excitement and achievement as experienced by immigrants. The paper aims to analyse these issues associated with immigrant experience as expr essed in Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni's short story collection Arranged Marriage.

Soil pH, Electric Conductivity , Or ganic Carbon, NPK, Potassium, Sodium, Lime, ar e the essential nutrients, pr esent in soil and helpful to gr owth of cr ops. Distribution of nutrients is unequal. In this paper , an attempt has been made to find out the level of nutrients and their distribution. It covers an ar ea 75025 of hectar es of agricultural land wher e 1 87, 937 population r eside. Ar ea covers 46, 683.87 sq hectors (34%) out of 138248.8 hectar es of Baramati tahsil, wher e 76 % population ar e concentrated. A verage village wise nutrient level of 400 soil samples fr om NLBC ar ea of Baramati is calculated and pr esented graphically . It shows that NLBC ar ea soil is Alkaline and indicates 1 1 % ar ea ar e of high saline. Or ganic Carbon is high but ther e is not enough Nitr ogen. Phosphorus and Potassium ar e in good condition. V illages Nimbut, Bajrangwadi and Late ar e in an excessive Alkaline condition of pH. Use of or ganic fertilizers, r educing excessive use of chemical fertilizers, gr een compost and wher ever needed r eclamation is r ecommended to maintain soil health.

The aim of this paper is to examine the r elevance of Indus basin tr eaty with internationally r ecognized transboundary water r esour ces management principles. The Indus basin tr eaty known as the Indus W ater T r eaty (IWT) was signed between India and Pakistan in 1960. The IWT incorporates various international transboundary water r esour ces management principles, e.g. the principle of equitable and r easonable utilization, an obligation not to cause significant harm, principles of cooperation, data exchange, notification, consultation and the peaceful settlement of disputes. The analysis of Indus water tr eaty with internationally r ecognized principles r eveals that these internationally r ecognized principles have pr ovided the common gr ound and guidelines for IWT arbitration. Meanwhile its principles have pr ovided guidelines for various water management principles. As for as implementation of IWT is concerned, India and Pakistan have happily accepted it and able to curb water dispute.

It often tickles me as strange how many of us ar e so or ganized and diligent when it comes to studying at school or performing well at work, yet we ar e so terrible at excelling at the most important things of all. This paper demonstrates analysis of the thr ee factors that have a solid connection with motivation. Pr ofound analysis of de motivation in ESL/EFL settings is as essential as familiarity with the motivation factors since it is highly possible even for motivated ESL/EFL students to face de motivation due to several factors. In or der to sustain students' enthusiasm for acquiring English, instructors must learn how to motivate and also how not to de motivate students. In addition, it is significant for instructors to be familiar with students' intrinsic de motives so that they can pr event students fr om being affected by possible de motivations

he purpose of the pr esent study was to determine the differ ence among Inter - r egion, intervarsity and all India intervarsity football players on body image. 300 male soccer players played at differ ent levels of soccer competitions wer e taken as subjects. The age of the subjects wer e ranged fr om 17 to 25 years. Body image of the subjects was determined by Singh (1991) questionnair e.One way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data at 5% significance level. The r esults of the study r evealed that ther e was a significant differ ence among Inter -r egion, intervarsity and all India intervarsity soccer players on body image.

The tribal ar e known to have rich knowledge of indigenous technology pertaining to equipments pr eparation and this paper comprises the findings of traditional knowledge r egar ding differ ent equipments used by Madia Gond people of Devda village. They use differ ent plants to pr epar e fishing and bir d holding equipments and stones to pr epar e crushing and grinding equipments

Agriculture is one of the primary activities of man. The socio – economic developmen t of f armer's f amily depends upon agricultural developmen t. Irrigation has prof ound impact on the developmen t of agriculture than land siz e. The K olhapur is one of the socio – economic ally developed dis tricts of Maharashtra. An att empt has been made in this paper t o assess the impact of irrigation on the agricultural developmen t in Banage reset tlemen t. This micro level s tudy e x amines the t emporal change in the diff eren t aspects of agriculture. The thirt een indicat ors have been chosen t o measure the agricultural developmen t in village. In the presen t s tudy it is observed that their has been a great change in agricultural developmen t, though f amilies have been reset tled with small land holding capacity .

In present investigations, Zinc telluride thin films with thickness around 6.0kÅ have been deposited by thermal evaporation method on the ultrasonically cleaned glass substrates kept at 373K temperature under the pressures of 5 10-6 torr. The thickness of the films was measured using quartz crystal thickness monitor during the deposition process. EDAX of such films yielded chemical composition by wt % of as grown ZnTe thin films around 30.60% of (Zn) and 61.50% of (Te). SEM studies revealed that ZnTe films exhibited uniformly distributed grains over the entire surface of the substrate. From the XRD analysis it was seen that the films are polycrystalline in nature with cubic structure. The grain size (246.990 Å), strain (1.4657×10-3 lines-m2), dislocation density (1.6392×1015 lines/m2), and lattice constant (6.1115 Å) were calculated in present case. The optical band gap of ZnTe thin films is evaluated using the optical absorbance spectra and it was found to be 2.30eV with direct band to band transitions.

The history of the relations between the two ruling dynasties of South Indian between 7th century and the 13th century is an engrossing tale of political activity that overhauled the entire political spectrum of a region and time. Rastrakutas were one of the most powerful dynasties of South Indian who ruled from Malkhed and created one of the biggest empires in the whole of South India and India. Their ambition to expand the political boundaries led to several battles and wars with the contemporary dynasties. They not only invaded the Tamil country but also penetrated into the Andhra desha.

The study presents production of amylase by Aspergillus species in solid state fermentation using agro- industrial waste; wheat bran as a substrate. Attempt has been made to isolate Aspergillus species from native source i.e. spoiled fruits. Enzyme production was growth associated and maximum and minimum titres were obtained after 7 days of incubation at 27oC. Amylase production was also carried out by using liquid state fermentation. The maximum yield obtained by submerged fermentation and surface culture fermentation. Solid state fermentation was found to produce the highest amount of enzyme amylase as compared with liquid state fermentation.

Libraries are not made but they grow. Libraries are considered to be the heart of educational institutions. They play very important role in teaching and learning environment process. This paper highlights problems of collection development in library.”

Libraries are not made but they grow. Libraries are considered to be the heart of educational institutions. They play very important role in teaching and learning environment process. This paper highlights problems of collection development in library.”

By creating a shipping channel through the shallow sea called sethusamudram which would link palk bay and the gulf of mannar between India and srilanka , would provide a continuously navigable sea route in and around the Indian Peninsula. The project involves digging a 44.9 nautical miles (51.7 mi; 83.2 km) long deepwater channel linking the shallow palk stait with the Gulf of Mannar. Recently it received approval of the Indian government, which plans to break the limestone shoals of Adam's Bridge as part of this project. A few organizations are opposing damage to Adam's Bridge on religious, environmental and economical grounds. Many support the implementation of this project using one of five alternative alignments considered earlier without damaging the structure, which is sacred to Hindus. The alignment is currently planned to be roughly in the middle of the straits to provide the shortest course and the course requiring least maintenance.

Food is the basic necessity of life for survival and livelihood for a healthy and productive life. Jawaharlal Nehru said in 1947,"everything else can wait, but not agriculture"; as such government of India is making its efforts to ensure proper food to the poor people in affordable prices at large through its various schemes. This study focuses on to know the food and nutrition security, and role of the government schemes in ensuring food security to the poor people in India. The schemes covered under this study includes Public Distribution System (PDS), Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS), Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY), Annapoorna Scheme, Mid-day Meals scheme (MDM), Indian National Food Security Act 2013 (INFSA), and also Right to Food Act.

India is one of the few nations in the world with a thriving tribal population in different parts of the country. There are 537 different tribal communities spread all over India. As per official data, (only) 258 tribal communities speaking about 106 different languages are notified as Scheduled Tribes. As pert the 1991 census, the tribal population is 6.77 crore comprising about 8.08 percent of the total population of the country. Madhya Pradesh has the largest tribal population with 1.54 crore, followed by Maharashtra with 0.73 crore and Orissa with 0.70 Crore. About 82 percent of the total tribal population is concentrated in central and western parts of the country whereas only 11 percent is dispersed in shall pockets in the southern states. The Paper analysis the problems and prospects of tribal women in Karnataka.

Indian cinema has produced many classics. In its illuminated history it has produced varied movies of varied genres taking up issues like peasant hardships under a semi-feudal set up, corruption, crime, morality, urban life and its experience for different classes and many other issues which can never be summarized in such a small paper. Though there have been movies on different issues, we do find an overarching presence of romance. Contrary to the prevalent society romance keeps an interesting presence in movies. However romance in movies is never smooth as it faces hurdles from the established society. But it is interesting that though we find hurdles of different kinds, the most interesting hurdle of caste is all but missing. Caste does not figure as a barrier in lover's romance in movies and therefore intercaste marriages remain perplexingly absent. Of the most important hurdles we find villains, old familyfeuds, patriarchal family set up among others but never caste. The more prevalent in Indian cinema, particularly in 1970s-80s, has been the lovers transgressing rich-poor barrier. This is even more paradoxical because as and when love marriages do take place in society, these are obviously not the cross-class marriages. It will be evident if we look at any matrimonial advertisement where the caste column is marked as 'caste no bar', though even this is rare, makes clear reference to preferred salary/status of the bride/groom.

Death is inevitable and the satisfaction with one's own life is the matter that all strive for. Thoughts or feelings associated with one's own or others death can create depression symptoms that may affect one's life satisfaction. The objectives of the study were to find out whether there exists any significant correlation between death depression and life satisfaction. The study also tried to find out whether there exist any gender difference in death depression; whether there exists any significant difference between the aged who are ill and who are not ill in death depression; and whether there exists any significant difference among the aged who stays in family, who stays alone, and who stays in old age homes in death depression. For this purpose the data were collected from 120 aged individuals by administering Death Depression Scale-Revised, Life Satisfaction Index, and Personal Data Schedule. The statistical techniques used were Correlation, the t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Pearson productmoment correlation results of the study indicated the existence of a significant negative relationship between death depression and life satisfaction. The results indicate significant difference among the old in their death depression on the basis of gender, illness, and area of stay.

This article describes the most important environmental impacts of cement mining Cement industry caused environmental pollution problems, and the pollutants of the cement industry produced the adverse impact on air water and land. Cement industry is the one of the 17 most pollutant industries listed by central pollution control board. During the last decades the emission of dust from cement factories has been increased alarmingly due to expansion of more cement plant to meet the requirement of cement materials for construction of building. In comparison with gaseous air pollutant many of which are readily recognized as being the cause of injury to various type of vegetation. Increasing concentration of cement dust pollutant causes in visible injuries like progressive decline in physiological process such as photosynthetic ability and respiration rate of leaves. Similarly visible injury such as reduction in growth and productivity were observed due to cement dust (Raajasubramanian et al., 2011). Satao et al. (1993) also reported that due to cement dust decreased the productivity and concentration of chlorophyll in number of crops. Cement dust are potentially harmful to the environment. The direct effects of the cement dust pollution are alkalization of the ecosystem and the changing of the chemical composition of the soil. The pollutant particles can enter the soil as dry, humid or occult deposits and can undermine the physicochemical properties. Hence contaminated soil can adversely affect plant survival and growth (Addo et al., 2013).

The main objective of this paper is to make a thought provoking discussion on the role barriers in bridging communication. It focuses on the concept of communication, process and the role of language related barriers in bridging communication. It studies the significance of communication in modern human life.

The author of the novel The White Tiger realistically depicted contemporary India at a time when the leaders of the country are boasting that India is the second fastest growing economy in the world, which in reality contradicts with the progress that India has made so for. The poor in India are still struggling to survive, lacking basic necessities while the rich are busy in amassing wealth, winning elections and doinh everything that pleases them. Aravind Adiga went deep to delve this difference that astonishes every reader and compels them to comment

Literature reflects the thinking and beliefs of the concerned folk. Some German writers came in contact with Ancient Indian Literature. They were influenced by the Indian Philosophy, especially, Buddhism. German Philosopher Arther Schopenhauer, was very much influenced by the Philosophy of Buddhism. He made the ancient Indian Literature accessible to the German people. Many other authors and philosophers were influenced by Schopenhauer. The famous German Indologist, Friedrich Max Muller has also done a great work, as far as the contact between India and Germany is concerned. He has translated “Sacred Books of the East”.

During the present studies the common vegetables of the study region such as Methi (Trigonella foenum-graecum), Palak (Spinacia oleracea) and Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), were collected directly from the fields and from the local vegetable markets. They were screened for the incidence of fungal diversity associated with them by moist blotter plate method. The fungi like Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. nidulans, A. fumigatus, Curvularia lunata, Drechslera tetramera, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliforme, Penicillium spp., Chaetomium globosum, Collectotrichum fulcatum, Macophormina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Rhizopus stolonifer were found to be associated with the test vegetables and their seeds. The fungi like Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus flarus, A. niger, Currularia lunata, Drechslera tetramera, Fusamium moniliforme and Rhizopus stolonifer were found to be common and dominant on the test vegetables

The present study was aimed to investigate the quality of life (QOL) among delinquent adolescents. This study was a descriptive study with ex-post facto design. Using a random sampling technique 287 (consists of 144 normal and 143 delinquent) adolescents were selected for the purpose of this study. The Quality of life (QOL) questionnaire (WHO-QOL-BRIEF) developed by WHO (1996) and standardized in Iran by Usefy (2010) was used to collect the data. Result showed that comparing to normal adolescents; delinquents had obtained fewer score on four domain of quality of life (QOL) including Physical health, Psychological status, Social relationships and, Environment (p< 0.001).

The computer is one of the most important and outstanding inventions that has made an increasing and powerful impact on the working methods of research and development in the field of science and technology and has revolutionized everyday social life in the advanced countries of the world. Computers are being used in the areas of Transportation, Communication, National Defence, Food material production, Scientific research and Education. Present study deals with construction and effectiveness of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) Programme for Commerce stream students having different educational achievement level. Effect of High , Middle, Low educational achievement level of students of standard XI on CAI programme was checked in the study . Total 96 students were selected by purposely from 4 Higher Secondary Schools of Modasa town ( S.K.- Gujarat). It is an experimental based research work . Mean, S.D. and Standard Error and 't' value were calculated for testing hypotheses. It was found that CAI Programme was effective for students having High and Middle educational achievement level. While more effective for students having Low educational achievement level.

The study of industrialization in r egion at context may help to understand the pr ocess of r egional development in particular r egion. Industrialization is the primary pr ocess of economic development. In the pr esent r esear ch paper an attempt has been made to highlight industrial scene of Kolhapur district fr om historical perspective as well as temporal gr owth of industries. The period selected for study is 1951 to 2007.The study of investigation is district as a whole. For the gr owth of industries Standar d Industrial Classification is selected. The study r evealed that Kolhapur district has shown considerable gr owth of all type of industries in general and engineering and agr o based industries in particular . The study also r evealed that Kolhapur district has emer ged as distinct district in industrial map of Maharashtra state.

Personality is too complex to be measur ed objectively . Many methods of the Measur ement have been tried but none of them ar e pr oved to be quite r eliable . However Many of them combined may give us a r eliable pictur e of personality . Personality is a term used for the integrated & dynamic or ganization of the physical, mental .moral & social qualities of the individual. The pr esent study was conducted to investigate the differ ence in personality pattern/ Structur e among the students of B.A.-I & II education students . The sample includes a total of 50 students of each B.A.-I & II rural & urban students & their age gr oup is 19-21 Y ears. The personality questionnair e was used & mean, standar d deviation, & 't' values wer e calculated to check the significant differ ence between personality of B.A. I & II rural & urban students. Out of 14 featur es of CPQ Act(8)- factors i.e. A,D,E,I,N & O wer e found to be almost at equal levelin both the gr oups.

The purpose of the study was to find out the r elationship between some selected Anthr opometrical variables and Athletic performance.Methodology: Fifty male students of class 9th and 10th belonging to D.A.V . Public School, Sector -6, Dwarka wer e selected as subjects. The subjects wer e examined on the selected Anthr opometrical variables such as height ,weight ,sitting height, leg length, arm length, chest c i r c u m f e r e n c e ( n o r m a l ) , h i p c i r c u m f e r e n c e , t h i g h c i r c u m f e r e n c e , u p p e r a r m cir cumfer ence, calf cir cumfer ence, neck cir cumfer ence, shoulder diameter , wrist diameter ,ankle diameter ,humerus bicondlyer diameter , femur bicondlyer diameter , biceps skin fold, triceps skin fold, calf skin fold, sub scapular skin fold ,supraillic skin fold. Criterion measur es wer e 50meter dash, shot put (standing), shuttle run, tennis ball thr ow , chin-ups, standing br oad jump for athletic performance . Result: The r esults of the study clearl y indica te that 58% Anthr opomet rical variab les showed positi ve r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h t h e a t h l e t i c p e r f o r m a n c e , a l t h o u g h n o n e o f t h e s e l e c t e d anthr opometrical variables showed the significant positive corr elation. This hypothesis may be accepted that none of the variables show any significant r elationship with the athletic performance