MGNREGS is an important step by the Indian government through which rural development will be possible through the rural poverty Alleviation Program.The MGNREGA has completed 11 years of implementation in Lalgola Block under Murshidabad district, near indo-Bangladesh border. This Scheme has been universalized and is operational in all the 12 Gram Panchayats of the Lalgola Block. The Act aims at eradication of extreme poverty of marginalized people and making villages as self-dependence and try to increase women participation in employment through productive asset creation and capacity building of People. In my research study, I discussed socio-economic profile of women of four sample Gram Panchayat. Various problem has been discovered in this research and several ways have been recommended to fix it. In my research study I discussed impact of MGNREGS of women development based on decision making at HH level, awareness about MGNREGS, and women workers who took their own decision to work under MGNREGS etc. Finally based on the information received from the field survey, it is discussed on women empowerment through MGNREGS

Assignment Problem is a special type of linear programming problem, which is used to deal in allocating the various resources or items to various activities on one to one basis in such a way that the time or cost involved is minimized and sales or profit to the organization is maximized. In this research paper, researchers analyze a live problem of car manufacturing company. In this study, the researchers analyze the assignment problem through four tasks with four professionals. The practical application of this problem is finding the optimal solution through the welldefined assignment problem.

This study aims to explore the extent of agricultural information literacy of farmers of Bidar District. The study has conducted by using stratified random survey (questionnaire based) of 246 farmers were farming in 10 villages of Bidar district. According to this survey it clearly shows that the farmers need information for various purposes of agricultural activities and what are the different sources of information. It is observed that many of the farmers however, are not well aware of modern techniques for agriculture. And they accordingly use such techniques for cultivation due to some problems. Farmers are moderately satisfied in getting agricultural information and the paper concludes with giving certain recommendations for the improvement of information literacy of the farmers at Bidar District.

Environmental issues are harmful effects of human activity on the biophysical environment. Environment protection is a practice of protecting the natural environment on individual, organizational or governmental levels, for the benefit of both the environment and humans. Environmentalism, a social and environment moment address environmental issues through advocacy, education and activism. The present study "Comparative study of environmental awareness among government and private higher secondary school students in Jammu City” was carried to assess the environmental awareness among higher secondary schools students of Jammu. In this study the random sampling technique was employed. The sample comprised of 200 government and private students. The sample was divided on the basis of type of school and gender. The tool used for data collection was "ENVIRONMENT AWARENESS ABILITY MEASURE" questionnaire developed by Praveen Kumar Jha (1998) consisted of 51 items. Analysis of the data revealed that higher secondary school students are aware about environment issues. The private school students are highly aware as compare to government school students. Also no significant difference was found in the environmental awareness between male and female students.

Dr. Allama Iqbal is the well-known poet in urdu. He is philosopher . This article has biased on his philosophy of women who’s belong to islam.

During present investigation coriander wilt causing fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. coriandrii were isolated from infected roots of coriander and its pure culture were obtained to check there physiological characters. Coriander leaf and Czapexdox agar medium was more suitable for mycelial growth and sporulation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. coriandrii. The optimum temperature for growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. coriandrii 28 ± 2?

This research paper is an attempt to find out the age difference in burnout, emotional competence and probabilistic orientation of school teachers. In this study data was collected from 300 teachers. Data was analysed by One way ANOVA. The mean scores of burnout (component wise and burnout-total), emotional competence (component wise and emotional competence-total) and probabilistic orientation obtained for the three different age groups were compared using One-way ANOVA. The finding of the study reveals that there is no significant age difference in burnout, emotional competence and probabilistic orientation of school teachers.

Andhra Pradesh is one of the biggest state in India. This state comprises three districts regions viz. Coastal Region, Rayalaseema Region and Telangana Region. The total districts are 23. Hence the present study is an attempt to examine the decade-wise Sectoral changes increasing 1960-61 to 2012-13.

This paper is an attempt to trace the way in which religion and culture are intertwined in Indian conceptualization of the woman. And it tries to analyze the feminist interventions through history, against the patriarchal notions of `the woman’. The religion, caste and gender hegemonies are rectified in the texts of religion in India and this is explained through the verses of Manu-Smrti , being the social organizing handbook in Indian culture. The patriarchal politics of Hinduism were generated and propagated through the texts that were considered sacred. At the foyer of brahmanical revivalism after Buddhist period, one can watch the concepts of inferior role assigned to women in the form the text Manu-Smrti prescribed. This paper makes the analysis of the verses of the text and initiates the discussion on subordination of women in Indian culture. It also exemplifies how some women in India responded to such a social situation and inspired the change towards women’s freedom.

Emotional Intelligence is relatively the most important predictor of Stress. The present study tries to find out the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Stress of student teachers at secondary level (B.Ed) in the pre teaching practice period. Emotional Intelligence was found to have significant substantial relationship with Stress of student teachers. Since the correlation obtained is negative, increase in Emotional Intelligence will affect a corresponding significant substantial decrease in the Stress of student teachers. Female student teachers were found to have better correlation and shared variance between Emotional Intelligence and Stress.

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show abnormal brain functioning which includes reduced blood flow activities and difficulties in sustaining attention to do tasks. ADHD is a disability in which children consistently show inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity over a period of time. These children have difficulty in focussing on any one thing and may get bored with a task after only a few minutes. They show high levels of physical activity and have difficulty in curbing their reactions. These children have difficulty in blocking or filtering out unnecessary input from the environment. They do not learn from experiences. It is difficult for them to discriminate relevant visual and auditory stimuli and stay busy in doing many tasks at once. ADHD can be diagnosed at age of four, during the kindergarten level. Most of the children during kindergarten are highly active and impulsive. But many preprimary teachers do not have the knowledge on various symptoms and characteristics of ADHD and have failed to identify these children. Hence these children would not get proper intervention and care. Hence the present investigators made an attempt to study the knowledge on ADHD among pre-primary teachers. A simple random sampling technique was adopted to select a sample of pre-primary teachers from kanyakuamri district. The size of the sample was 300. ADHD knowledge test was used to collect the data. The findings of the study revealed that pre-primary teachers have moderate level of knowledge on ADHD.

Bibliotherapy may be used in curing mild or moderate depression, as sole or supplement cure. It is a kind of guided self – help. The patient is working on his cure by using a book, independently of his/ her doctor. The role of the physician is to support and guide the patient by using a book and to aid him/ her to clarify certain concepts or to answer any questions the patient may have. The book can be purchased or borrowed from a library. The patient must be older than 12 years of age and have a positive attitude towards self help. There are no reports on serious adverse effects from bibliotherapy.

“You can tell the condition of a nation by looking at the status of its women” Pt .Jawaharlal Nrhru. In modern India the concept of women’s empowerment an issue of immense contemplation, debate and discussion. As an agenda it got the top most priority in the list of governmental policies, plans and programmes. Throughout the country on regular basis efforts have been made to enhance the social status, achieving of economic independence, increase in political decision making process and gender equality in India. The women empowerment not only lies in economic self reliance it also lies in providing better health, education sanitation and free choice for determination of their family life.

You can tell the condition of a nation by looking at the status of its women” Pt .Jawaharlal Nrhru. In modern India the concept of women’s empowerment an issue of immense contemplation, debate and discussion. As an agenda it got the top most priority in the list of governmental policies, plans and programmes. Throughout the country on regular basis efforts have been made to enhance the social status, achieving of economic independence, increase in political decision making process and gender equality in India. The women empowerment not only lies in economic self reliance it also lies in providing better health, education sanitation and free choice for determination of their family life.

A gradual transformation of any small Hamlet settlement into a Conurbation or Megalopolis due to site, situation, infrastructural potential and gradual change in the behavior of inhabitants; turning into a mixed advanced economy from an early agro-based economy is Urbanization. The process is slow but continuous in nature. The continuous interaction among Population, Infrastructure and Economy of a region results into change in the Level of Urbanization. This also influences the Hierarchy of an urban centre in particularly within an urban hierarchic system. Urbanism and accelerating tools of Urbanicity, together carve out the systematic stages of Urbanization. Tools include infrastructures, facilities, services and economic advancement. Processes of urbanization are largely governed by Centrality and Connectivity. These two properties interact with each other and determine the Urban Hierarchy. In this paper, two urban of North Bengal, Siliguri and Bagdogra have been chosen; with the help of Composite Index most important variables are found which are influencing these two urban to grow towards each other, following the trails of their growth magnets, to form a Conurbation in near future. Key Informants Survey reveals that due to rapid Infrastructural expansion and increase in Connectivity, Siliguri and Bagdogra are engulfing nearby small towns and settlements and advancing to merge into each other. This scenario between Siliguri and Bagdogra, clearly depicts the functions of the Tools and Processes of Urbanization.

Sunflower is a new oilseed crop. But it was grown in India as an ornamental crop since ancient times. Sunflower was cultivated in India as an oilseed crop from 1969. Sunflower is an important oilseed crop of today. It can give large quantity of top quality oil per unit area per unit time. Because of its early maturity, drought resistance and photoand thermo non-sensitiveness, it can be cultivated in any season viz.Kharif, Rabi and summer throughout India and it could be conveniently fitted in our existing crop rotation. In the wake of acute shortage of edible oils, this crop arouses much interest. Hence the main objective of this paper is to analyse the productivity of sunflower oilseed in the state of Andhra Pradesh (United).

The behavior of the tourist refers to the way in which tourists behave according to their attitudes before, during and after travelling. It is adapt to the specific situation or a product. Knowledge regarding travel behavior will help in the overall development of tourism, marketing and product planning for example tourism products such as tourist spots, resorts, hotels, shopping etc. Tourist behavior starts in the planning and implementation stages of the holidays. The behavior of tourist’s is the most important indicator or predictor of future development of tourism. The growth and development of tourism of any region depends on the number and type of tortures spots, the facility available and the flow of tourist. Mysore is a unique city and was the capital of former princely state of Karnataka. It has kept alive the royal traditions and splendor. It is one of the best developed cities in Karnataka state and also a well-known trading and commercial centre with a number of Educational Institutions, recreational and tourist spots. It is also popularly known as the Cultural Capital of Karnataka.

The term media is the plural of medium, refers to the communication channels through which we disseminate news, music, movies, education and other data. Media spectacles demonstrate who has power and who is powerless, who is allowed to exercise force and violence and who is not. They dramatize and legitimate the power of the forces that be and show the powerless that they must stay in their places or be oppressed. Journalism in India is confronting a genuine emergency. The predominant press is progressively vested in the hands of a chosen few and will not address the grievances of common man. Because of control of the selected few, it works like a manikin and go about as a magic multiplier in the general public. This contemporary pattern consistently hampers its credibility in public eyes. In contrary, digital media emerged as people voice and soon became their choice. The study focuses in depth study of credibility aspects of both the mediums.

Tribal society has been backward due to countries of living away from the main stream of society for this reason their social cultural economic and political development has not been smoothly developed. Today the requirement is that efforts should be made to include them in main stream. However due to the efforts of government and many self help group, their situation has improvedconsiderly for the development of any society improvement in education. health and employment situation is absolutely essential but in the research paper, women beginning to tribal society have been studied with awareness and affection for their education.

Women are an integral part of every economy. Overall development and harmonious growth of a nation would be possible only when women are considered as equal partner in progress with men. The empowered women become agents of their own development, able to exercise, choice to set their own agenda and be strong enough to challenge their subordinate position in the society. The study aims to show the value of rural women empowerment for the rural economy and Indian economy. The study also seeks the present socioeconomic scenario of 300 rural SHGs. The study plans to find some negative contents of rural SHGs which will become obstacles in rural development.

Elections in one of the largest democracies of the world have always attracted worldwide attention and at the same time it also provides a larger perspective into the exclusive role of the electorates. One of the exclusive dimensions to look at the elections in India is from a gendered perspective which provides an insight into a more unique and enhanced role of the electorates in a democracy. Women in India are considered to be the carriers of culture and preservers of identity and over the years, they have evolved themselves to an extent that they play a really influential role in almost all the sectors. In terms of electorates, this paper deals with women participation in elections and an analysis of the gender gap in Indian politics, when it comes to either women’s participation in elections directly or their political participation in Indian politics at large. The paper intends to touch upon different aspects of political participation of women like their right to vote, as ticket holders of different political parties, as handling important portfolios and eminent positions in political system etc. In the light of all this, the paper intends to analyse the existing gender gap in Indian politics, what have been the past trends and what are the present challenges that women need to overcome in order to make their own space in Indian politics. Thus, the paper intends to focus on how women are now emerging as a new political constituency in themselves.

During the past 50 years, there have been reported cases of increased child abuse and harassment across the globe. Irrespective of the economic status, almost all the countries globally have faced heinous incidents on child abuse and sexual assaults that have disgraced the worldwide phenomenon of gender equality. Child abuse and sexual assaults on children being global issues have considerably plagued the global culture and integrity to a significant extent. The traumatized cases of child abuse have been so devastating that it destroys the psychological growth of the child mind-set. It even pushes the child towards conducting outrageous acts of self-destruction and suicidal indulgences. For a longer period of time and greater social eventualities, the aspect of child protection have been a notion of importance and initiates a locus of discussion to deal with the child abuse incidents. The legal structures of the nations across the globe including the developing nations like India have placed special focus on the phenomenon. The introduction of the POCSO act in 2012 within the Indian Judicial System has been specially designed and to cater to the child abuse and sexual assault cases at large. This act forwards itself as a discipline to mend the barriers of child protection and safety in order to bridge the gaps of national security standards. This article is based on the derivate that have been inducted from a range of studies conducted on the basis of a myriad of sources that decode the implications and limitations of child abuse cases in India. With special focus on the POCSO, Child Labour Act, Child Marriage Act and other such pertinent legal acts hedging the issue of child protection are being explicitly discussed through the literature review. Considering the experience of child abuse as early as at the age of 11 months, the article offers a strong artefact of evidentiary renditions and the significant constraints that need to be resolved.

The women in India belong to various socio-economic backgrounds and are sometimes marginalized or neglected on the gender discrimination when it comes to basic healthcare The fact that the typical female advantage in life expectancy is not seen in India suggests that there are systematic problems with rural women’s health. Indian women have high mortality rates, particularly during childhood and in their productive years. Most women who did not receive health care during pregnancy said they thought it was unnecessary. Another reason for the low levels of prenatal care is lack of adequate health care centers. It was estimated that 16 percent of the population in rural areas lives more than 10 kilometers away from any medical facility. Keeping these issues in mind this paper focuses on various determinants of health care facilities such as: Residence, Media Exposure, Females & Partner’s Education and Females & their Partner’s Employment, Religion of Household Head and Female’s Economic Status. Using Household data from Demographic Health Survey and by using ordered Logistic Regression Analysis, this paper seeks to examine the above mentioned socio economic factors which are responsible for poor health status of women in India on the basis of parameters like Delivery at Health Facility, Antenatal care, Level of anemia, Family planning, Knowledge of STD and Prenatal care. Health Communication is an important domain in communication arena aims at disseminating health messages to the public. In this study the role of media in giving health information to women is analyzed. The portrayal of women in media, the impact it creates on the minds of women, both urban and rural background is scrutinized separately. The responsibility of media in the rural health of women is critically studied and media’s role in idealizing body images in the mind of urban women is also analysed.

Health is an important indicator of individual’s development and wellbeing. Irrespective of enormous investments in the sector, subsidies, and free treatment facilities by both government and NGOs, the health profile of an average Indian shows a poor status of affairs. The best way to improve the health profile is to increase the health awareness accomplished by health communication. The central government had implemented National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) as part of National Health Mission keeping urban poor in view to improve their health condition. The present study would throw light upon Programme Implementation Plans of NRHM with specific reference to information dissemination and programme promotion strategies. This study grounded on theories such as health belief model, theory of reasoned action, social cognitive and agenda setting. The study aims to analyze the objectives of NRHM and its implementation plans with special reference to communication aspects incorporated in program execution. Research will look into “how communication strategies are made and implemented in NRHM and how does it help in effective implementation?” It is a qualitative research. Data is collected using interview and secondary data analysis. Research found that NRHM has the potential to improve the rural women health in all perspectives. It had contributed to the betterment of infrastructure and better staffing for women. The communication is meticulously planned on paper but the execution lacks at all levels. Communication training would improve the quality of service provided under NRHM and it will accelerate the achievement of NRHM goals.

Things around the world are changing fast and this change has its effect in every area. One such change is through technology advancement, which is helping the country to grow economically. This growth is also paving way to increase in cyber crime as technology has simplified the process of various activities which can be altered for wrong means. Cyber crime is an outcome of technological advancement where women are more prone to become a victim. Cyber crime against women is increasing day by day as not many of them openly accept and discuss about such incidences. At the same time those who bring out these issues in public fear exploitation from their own family members, fear of people, society and being separated from their own people. The law making bodies are not able to handle the situation and it lends to increase in such incidences. The laws which protect women should create a sense of fear in the minds of those who try to Misbehave, Misuse or Mislead women. The study is taken to understand difficulties faced by women in this cyber world, few steps that can be taken to avoid such incidences and actively handle such sensitive cases /issues.

Learning is a complex process through which learners constantly change their understanding of world and continuously create and evolve newer schemes to adjust and adapt to ever changing world around them. Educational improvement is thus accomplished through indulging and involving into nature of learning and assessing student’s involvement in it. The Dearing report (Dearing 1977) has emphasized the importance and need to introduce tasks to foster reflective thinking and skills to enable students to learn how to learn and to become lifelong learners. This lies in the heart of constructivism. Films are medium which uses all the senses hence involves a student completely. It is an effective audio visual medium which effects and influences a child. Constructivism is an epistemology, a meaning making theory that offers explanation of nature of knowledge and how human beings learn. The constructivist learning approach emphasises upon the learner and their construction of their reality through their interaction with world. Films are medium through which a child can explore the reality. Learners should be constantly encouraged to explore the world, to learn by doing, to look at things in different ways, use all their senses to experience and understand the world around them. The constructivist learning approach emphasises upon the learner and their construction of their reality through their interaction with the world. Learning is perceived as cultural apprenticeship and cognition is argued to be situated in the specific context (Lave, 1988; Brown etal, 1989).

Instruction is the way toward encouraging learning, or the procurement of information, abilities, qualities, convictions, and propensities. Incorporate narrating, exchange, instructing, preparing and coordinated research. Training as often as possible happens under the direction of teachers, however students may likewise instruct themselves. Training can happen in formal or casual settings and any experience that formatively affects the way one considers, feels, or acts might be viewed as instructive. The approach of instructing is called instructional method. Training is ordinarily partitioned formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten, elementary school, optional school and after that school, college, or apprenticeship. A privilege to training has been perceived by certain administrations and the United Nations. In many areas, instruction is obligatory up to a particular age.

Education can be used as a tool to empower the individual. Through child centered learning, students are able to see their own role in transformation. Social change comes from the collective transformation of the individuals within that society. It has become secular today. The role of education has become a powerful instrument inextricably and in separable connected with the economic growth and social change of nation, particularly so in a society where majority are illiterates living under stresses and strains of poverty, disease, unemployment, moral dwarfs, and spiritual bankruptcy. Education as an Instrument of Social Change means how education helps people to bring social change. Education changes the outlook and the tradition approach towards social and economic problems. It sharpens the skills and knowledge of the children. Education trains the mind of a child and it teachers him how to inculcate values in his life. Education makes all aware about customs and duties the same as it makes aware about the rules and regulations as we find the rules in Indian constitution.

The total consumption expenditure made by tourist or a visitor, or on behalf of a visitor for goods and services during his or her trip and stay at the destination place is considered as tourist expenditure. It includes the amount spent by the tourist for various purpose of the tourism which starts from the tourist travel choice till the amount spent at the place of destination for various purposes. The expenditure pattern of the tourist mainly depends on the behavior of the tourist and the motivation of the product seller. Mysuru attracts tourists from all over the world but the expenditure they made vary and has significant impact on the place of destination.

Mindfulness and recognition with respect to medical coverage was still exceptionally primer. In spite of the fact that medical coverage is anything but another idea and individuals are additionally getting acquainted with it, yet this mindfulness has not come to the dimension of membership of health care coverage items. Protection as not had the capacity to make advances in the rustic zones due to key reasons, for example, staggering expense of conveyance and low mindfulness among the country populace about protection items. There is a felt need to give money related insurance to country families for the treatment of real illnesses, requiring hospitalization and medical procedure. The present investigation is an exertion in the region of medical coverage to survey the peoples mindfulness level and ability to join and pay for it. The present investigation is a push to look at what are the purposes for the individuals who have not for membership.

River basin is an ideal unit to plan development and management of surface and groundwater conservation. For this purpose it becomes important to know morphometric characteristics of the river. Morphometric studies of rivers are very important to study the behavior of river, its erosion and deposition. Morphometric characteristic provides quantitative description of a river basin. The present study aims to assess the morphometric analysis of Mor river, a right bank tributary of river Tapi to prioritize the basin for its planning and development. It is proved that there is a good relationship existed among the morphometric parameter and terrain characteristics. The analysis and measurement of morphometric parameter is found to be of best immense utility in river basin evaluation and understanding the basin for natural resource management and planning at any scale.

Environment change has emerged a major challenge for sustainable human settlement. It has adverse impact on wild life, agriculture, incidence of diseases, local weather, rise in sea level, more heat waves etc. India is highly vulnerable to climate change as its economy is heavily depends on climate sensitive sector like agriculture. People in India, especially the poorest, are vulnerable to the impact of climate change because the nation’s economy is so closely tied to natural resources. More than 56 per cent of workers are engaged in agriculture and allied sectors. Most of India’s poorest people live in rural areas, almost totally reliant on natural resources for their food, shelter and incomes. Climate change affects agriculture in complex ways. The climate change will affect crop yields and cropping pattern due to direct effects of changes in atmospheric concentrations of green house gases in general and CO2 in particular. It affects food production directly through changes in agro- ecological conditions and indirectly by affecting growth and distribution of incomes, and thus demand for agricultural produce. Agricultural outcomes are determined by complex interactions among people, policies and nature. Crops and animals are affected by changes in temperature and precipitation, but they are also influenced by human investments such as irrigation systems, transportation infrastructure, and animal shelters. However, uncertainties about where climate change will take place and how farmer will respond make it difficult to move forward on policies to combat the effects of climate change. If humanity along with the other flora and fauna has to survive on this planet, all nations – developed and developing must make sincere efforts to mitigate the effects of climate change. Today it is the poor who experience the deathly impact of climate change. Tomorrow it will be humanity as a whole who have to face consequences of climate change.

Marriage in India acts as a basic rule of social organization, being a sacrament it holds a compelling and imperative character. It lays out legal as well as spiritual responsibility on two individuals entering a sacred union by performing certain rituals according to their religions. India is a country of diversities, being a secular state it does not follow any particular religion and constitution of India provides for right to profess any religion to all the citizens, so every religion has its own rituals for marriage. In our country, marriage has been considered as a sacrament and its registration has no significance at all, as nobody can disregard a religious sacrament. Therefore, no uniform law related to Compulsory registration has been framed so far. But as it is evident that change is the Law of nature & due to changes in society it has been noticed that there is a need for a uniform Law on compulsory registration of marriage. Increase in fraudulent, forceful, and unlawful marriage practices has threatened the safety of a woman & children born out of such marriage. Due to non registration of marriage, one carries no legal proof of marriage; it leads to increased cases of polygamy. Not only the Law commission of India but Supreme Court also emphasized on importance of registration of marriage.

The literature in Indian English has made remarkable contribution in the socio-culture development of Indian society. Kamala Markandaya, Arundhati Roy, Shashi Deshpande, Anita Desai, Shobha De are some of the important literary figures in Indian English Literature. Anita Desai is one of the most significant Indian women novelists. Her novels have focused upon the miserable life of women in India. Her experiences and knowledge about Indian society is very deep and outstanding. She has deeply studied the psyche of Indian women through the various resources. Anita Desai’s multicultural family background has helped her in depicting the reality of Indian women in male dominating society. Her novels reveal the alienation and detachment of her women characters. The psychology of characters gets disturbed completely due to the problems like loss of identity, isolated life, inferior treatment in family and complexity in human relationships.

Anita Desai is one of the most eminent literary personalities in India English Literature. She has focused upon the miserable condition of women who are kept under the pressure of male dominance. The picture of Indian women which Desai draws is the dark side of our society. The human relationships receive the changes according to changes in socio-economic development of society. The human beings run behind the materialistic world and do not get the meaning of life in its required time and manner. The complexity in relationships is the result of lack of love and respect for each other. The modern world has brought many positive changes in our lives but we have ignored the bitterness of our relationships. Desai has shown through her novels that if the relations are not maintained with love, respect and sympathy, there will always be complexities in them.

Manifestation of terrorism in the name of religion is a common phenomenon now. In simple words, it can be understood to be opposing one’s own beliefs, values and ideologies on others. The modus operandi here can be force or indoctrination and usually sprouts from the feeling of “us versus them” and being intolerant of others’ perspectives. The religious extremists are seen to pick and choose religious texts to suit their own motives and justify their act. They interpret, re interpret and mis-interpret religious scripture to fulfil their own needs. They also are seen referring to historical conflicts and the failures of others to reason out their current use of violence.

Earning quality, in banking, refers to the ability of reported income to predict a bank’s future earnings. It is an assessment criterion for judging better earning capacity of any bank which is running in present era. For better cash flows in the organization, it is necessary to have a better earning quality. Better earning quality of any bank ensures long term sustainability of the bank. In this paper, an effort has been made to comparative analysis of earning quality of HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank (which is first and second largest private sector bank respectively as per market capitalization, operating in India). In the field of banking it is considered that sound earning quality performance helps in getting more and more customers and large market share. It also helps in supporting present and future operations of banking for any bank. The assessment of sound earning quality performance of HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank has been done by using various accounting ratios.

Small-scale industries play very important role in the economic development of any less developed or underdeveloped country. These industries meet the twin needs viz. solution of unemployment problem and checking the economic concentration in the hands of a few. These industries encourage self-sufficiency, self reliance and co-ordination. They provide beneficial re-allocation of available resources and their proper utilisation. They help to eradicate poverty in the rural sector. These industries entail equitable distribution of national income and ensure a harmoniously balanced, integrated and egalitarian socio-economic order in the country. The government of India has implemented different policies for the growth and development of small-scale industries. Different measures have been taken by the government through different five year plans to develop and strengthen the small scale industries.

The essence of all research concerning the notion of quality of life consists of the efforts performed by specialists to measure the symbiotic effect of objective facts concerning life, and the subjective population perception over the socialhuman wellbeing. The concept of quality of life offers important milestones for highlighting the way individuals and social groups assess their own wellbeing (Lucut, G, Radulescu, S.M, 2010, p.54). According to SEN, A(1993), the quality of life offers that people’s subjective perception on their own existence, on the increase or decrease of living quality levels. Quality of life is more important than economic wellbeing, it following the interest of the individual, the power of fulfilling certain actions or to accomplish various goals.

Occupational stress is a major hazard for many workers. Increased workloads, downsizing, overtime, hostile work environments, and shift work are just a few of the many causes of stressful working conditions. Occupational stress is one of the major health hazards of the modern workplace. It accounts for much of the physical illness, substance abuse, and family problems experienced by millions of workers. occupational stress can affect health of the employee when the stressors of the workplace exceed the employee’s ability to have some control over their situation or to cope in other ways. Also, occupational stress and stressful working conditions have been linked to low productivity, absenteeism, and increased rates of accidents on and off the job.

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of yogic practices and pranayama on speed and flexibility of women volleyball players. 60 women volleyball players from affiliated colleges from Sri Krishna Devaraya University Ananthapurumu in Andhra Pradesh in the age group of 18 to 21 were divided into three groups namely Yogasana Group, Pranayamas Group and control group on random basis. Pre test was conducted on all the three groups to determine their speed and flexibility and after 12 weeks training on yogic practices and pranayama post test scores were obtained. To test statistical significance ANCOVA was employed. The results of the study proved that flexibility of women volleyball players were significantly altered by 12 weeks yogasana and pranayama. The results further proved that even though speed was altered by yogic practices and pranayama that was not significant. It was concluded that either yogasanas or pranayama can be practiced to improve flexibility of women volleyball players.

Now a days, music plays an important role in every human life. Due to heavy work pressure, people listen music to relax.In this work, we present the effects of instrumental musicon the human body by using Body Sensor Networks (BSNs). We chose instrumental music because this type of music only uses musical components such as pitch, intensity, rhythm and timbre. It does not use any component such as verbal language (lyric). So, the effects get generated exclusively from the musical components. The simulation results of our approach are validated through sarode recitals.

This piece of research is from my PhD thesis. The information based is on data collected at the time of research. This article encompasses the concepts and reasoning behind major ethical considerations that influence business decisions which can be used in pharmaceutical marketing. An attempt is made in this paper to understand the frameworks of ethics in business decisions. Ethics is the central part of success of any business of repute. The longevity of any business is strongly influenced by values and culture, the business enterprise, and people practice. The various parameters of ethical behaviours and decisions are examined in this paper. The main guiding frameworks of every decision are consequence based thinking, duty based thinking, and virtue based thinking. Decisions are generally influenced by individual factors, organisational setting, and available opportunities. Pharmaceutical companies have a duty to uphold an ethical relationship within the marketplace. There is a duty of care to the health and safety of all. Issues are raised that as pharmaceutical companies have a large investment to protect and stakeholders to please, how we ensure that an ethical standard is upheld. The actions of the Pharmaceutical companies should be based on Value Based Management System and the actions of the managers should be guided by the Ethical Behaviour equations. The guiding frameworks of thinking according to Culture, Context, Content and Time may help managers and decision makers to decide ethically. Moreover when prior from examining the nature of problem whether it is ethical, when decision making process will be screened by the ethical norm’s and principles of decision making the chances of being acceptable by the stakeholders and the general public is more and the organization would succeed not only in the terms of sales and profit but a responsible corporate to society also.

Ethics constitute a part of business which is as old as civilization itself. Economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic categories of responsibility of business have been identified. Ethical responsibilities comprise of a range of norms, standards or expectations of behaviour that relate to concerns for what consumers, shareholders, the community and other stake holders regard as fair, right and justified. Corporate Social Responsibility has been the focus in India’s long tradition of paternalistic philosophy. Industrial families in India established temples, schools, higher education institutions, etc. for public use during 19th century. Corporations in India started focusing on need based initiatives aligned with national priorities such as public health, education, livelihood, etc. Legal provisions for implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility activities by private and public sector limited corporations have been incorporated under Companies Act 2013. Industries in India have realized the necessity of incorporating Corporate Social Responsibility into their business strategies.

Cooperative Banks in India have become an integral part of the success of Indian Financial Inclusion story. They have achieved many landmarks since their creation and have helped a normal rural Indian to feel empowered and secure. The story has not been smooth and has its share of procedural glitches and woes placed at various pockets. They are giving timely assistance to rural peoples by way of giving loans and other amenities to agriculturist. But any default in repayment of loan, will affect operational efficiency and financial health of the bank. So that management of loans is very important in primary agricultural Co-operative bank. This paper attempted to study the movement of Nonperforming Assets in selected cooperative banks with special reference to Hyderabad Karntaka Region

Fundamental breach occurs when one party sues the other party for breaking the terms, and potentially ends the contract. This study explores the concept of fundamental breach.The right to rescind a contract for breach depends on the gravity of the breach. A party is entitled to rescind a contract where the breach is material and wilful, or vital. Similarly, a party to a contract is entitled to rescind where the other party has made a substantial breach, or a breach so substantial as to defeat the object of the contract, or a substantial and fundamental breach, so as to defeat the purpose or object of the contract. It is sometimes known as a Repudiator Breach and is a breach so fundamental that it permits the distressed party to terminate performance of the contract, in addition to entitling that party to sue for damages.

Bapsi Sidhwa’s Ice-Candy-Man (1988) which was also published as Cracking India is a partition novel based on1947 the cataclysmic year when India won freedom and a new nation state Pakistan came into existence. The novel deals with the horrific experience that people experienced i.e. bloodshed among Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs. In the novel these experiences have been depicted vividly through the eyes of an eight-year old Lenny who belongs to the Parsi community which was neutral and uninvolved in the active politics of partition at the time. However, on the surface the novel deals with the trauma of partition but the theme has serious symbolic undertones. “The term symbol” says M.H.Abrams “is applied to a word or phrase that signifies an object or event which in turn signifies something, or suggest a range of reference, beyond itself.” Ayah, in the novel, is symbolic representation of undivided India who becomes the victim and is violated because each community wants to possess her. Significantly, Ice-candyman is a Muslim and represents the community while Masseur represents the Hindu. The paper seeks to analyse the novel from its symbolic points of view and further elaborate how during the partition the oppressors (male) violated the sanctity of the oppressed (female) for their own interests.

The Smart City idea is as yet developing and can be seen as a marking exercise by enormous enterprises, which is the reason the idea isnt being utilized by the United Nations (U.N.). Brilliant Cities will in general speak to the data, correspondence, and mechanical (ICT) industry alone without considering the qualities and social and verifiable profiles that a few urban areas hold as inheritances. In any case, the innovation inborn in Smart Cities guarantees efficiencies and choices that could enable urban areas to be increasingly comprehensive, protected, flexible, and practical as required by the U.N. motivation including social legacy. There is a prominent absence of Smart City application to social and verifiable urban textures. Rather, the pioneer new town approach has risen under this new rubric prompting numerous issues, for example, urban rot and unsustainable vehicle reliance. This investigation subsequently introduces an audit of the writing on the nature, difficulties, and chances of Smart Cities. Another Smart Cities system is proposed dependent on the components of culture, digestion, and administration.

In last few decades, India has been witnessing widespread urbanization across the country. Rapid urban expansion beyond the city boundaries leads to conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural purpose in the surrounding peri-urban areas. From this backdrop, this paper tries to study the changing land use land cover (LULC) pattern and to view the agricultural systems remaining in the periurban areas of Delhi metro city. It is found that periurbanisation is very much associated with loss of arable lands and land speculation in transitional areas. With loss of agricultural land and incessant population pressure, the agriculture system in these areas is being intensified on the limited lands and diversified crops are being produced to meet the increasing food demands.

Unique In this paper, I have managed the books of Anita Desai who has begun her vocation as a short story author and has turned out to be noticeable Indo-English writer. Anita Desai has added another measurement to Indian – English fiction by concentrating on the internal universe of her characters .it could be said, she has introduced the mental novel in Indian – English fiction among ladies essayists. The scholars like James joyce, Virginia Woolf, D.H. Lawrence and G.M. Hopkins who utilized continuous flow as a sort for composing, had an effect at the forefront of her thoughts, so she is increasingly intrigued to the inward universe of the character rather than outside world .She has composed thirteen books. Every one of these books in various structures present the idea of Mental Clash, Estrangement, Segregation, Indian Vagrants and their battle for Social character and uniqueness, mistreatments. Cry , the Peacock, Voices in the City, Bye-Bye Blackbird, Where will we Go this Summer ?, Flame on the Mountain , In Authority , Baumgartners Bombay, Clear Light of the Day, Fasting , Devouring mentally broke down are being.

Bapsi Sidhwa’s Ice-Candy-Man (1988) which was also published as Cracking India is a partition novel based on1947 the cataclysmic year when India won freedom and a new nation state Pakistan came into existence. The novel deals with the horrific experience that people experienced i.e. bloodshed among Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs. In the novel these experiences have been depicted vividly through the eyes of an eight-year old Lenny who belongs to the Parsi community which was neutral and uninvolved in the active politics of partition at the time. However, on the surface the novel deals with the trauma of partition but the theme has serious symbolic undertones. “The term symbol” says M.H.Abrams “is applied to a word or phrase that signifies an object or event which in turn signifies something, or suggest a range of reference, beyond itself.” Ayah, in the novel, is symbolic representation of undivided India who becomes the victim and is violated because each community wants to possess her. Significantly, Ice-candyman is a Muslim and represents the community while Masseur represents the Hindu. The paper seeks to analyse the novel from its symbolic points of view and further elaborate how during the partition the oppressors (male) violated the sanctity of the oppressed (female) for their own interests.

During the modern period, the police agency is a much needed and essential one for maintaining law and order. To enable the people to lead a peaceful life the well maintained and disciplined police force is an imperative need of the hour. Due to terrorism , violence, political trend , communalism , regionalism etc. The fear of problems and troubles arise. So to avoid such calamitous occurrences police force is of essential need. The same trend prevailed even at the dawn of Indian Independence. The police force was also at the stage of reorganization to suit the needs of the independent Indian situations. The police men had to obey rules and regulations and should maintain discipline and morality. As derived by the common police he had to protect the people by executing the security duties . He had to guard them and their prosperity throughout day. He had to be alert and watchful regarding the movement of anti social elements , wicked and evil minded breakers of law.

Arthur Millers "A View from the Bridge" presents the the psychological alienation of its hero Addie Carbone from his actual self which ultimately leads to his final estrangement from his fellow beings and then from the human world itself. The play is also typically a modern tragedy in which the tragic hero elicits our sympathy while, at the same time accepting the responsibilities for the catastrophe he brings on his own head. Eddie is a creature of his environment as well as an exception to it which helps him perhaps to become a tragic figure in the action of the play that is to follow. The abstract concepts of his community, impersonal institutions, dehumanized relationships create inordinate anxiety and fear in the heart of the protagonist — whether he would ever be able to establish rapport with his fellow beings and maintain his identity.

Children are the future of any nation. Development of any country depends upon the way of treatment in which it treats its children. Children are the most vulnerable asset for any country and any country whether it is India or any other country in the world develops when they have power of youth. So it is necessary for any country to protect and develop the children. In the beginning of the society, children were the responsibility of society this custom has transformed and children became the responsibility of family then they became the responsibility of parents only but it is also changes day by day and today children are the responsibility of parents as well as state. State made welfare plans for children to develop their mental status and to protect them state made so many laws to protect them such as POCSO ACT etc. but it has not completely change till today India is in transition phase and after international treaties and other pressures state are taking this thing seriously. But still children are suffering lots of problem and one of them is juvenile delinquency.

A number of air- borne particles including pollen and fungal spores are responsible for respiratory disease. The atmosphere contains an array of bio- particulate materials such as bacteria, viruses, fungal spores, pollen grains, hyphal fragments, mold spores, epidermal hairs, vegetable cells, animal danders, dust mites, insect scales and other air borne micro- organisms which are passively transported by air. Quite a large number of respiratory allergens, plant and animal pathogens are daily carried over by wind and distributed over distant areas. The air- born inoculum is the most dangerous causing plant diseases and allergic reactions in human and domestic animals. The present investigation is aimed at study of aeromycoflora of residential area of kopar, Dist- Thane was conducted from January 2017 to January 2018. Techniques used for identification were Gravity slide Technique and culture plate count technique. Most dominant fungal types observed were Aspergillus, Cladosporium, curvularia, Nigrospora, Rhizopus etc.

In democratic society’s fundamental human rights and freedom are put under the guarantee of law and therefore, their protection, preservation and promotion becomes obligation of those who are entrusted with the task of their protection i.e. legislative, executive and Judiciary. The protection and promotion of Human rights under the rule of law is essential in the prevention of terrorism. Here comes the role of law and courts responsibility. If human rights are violated, which adds to the need to strengthen action to combat violations of human rights. The lack or hope for justice provides breeding grounds for terrorism. Terrorism itself should also be understood as an assault on basic rights. Our constitution laid down clear limitation on state actions within the context of the fight against terrorism. To maintain this delicate balance by protecting core human rights is the responsibility of court. The present paper will discuss the relationship between prevailing terrorism in India and human rights. The paper will discuss the legislative and judicial regime against terrorism.

Over the years in all over the world and especially in South Asia the practice of Ragging in educational institutions has come to be meant as an extreme violation of Human Rights. The consequences of Ragging is teasing, harassment, fear, terror, physical, mental and sexual torture and in some cases death or suicide.

This research paper deals with the analysis of Article 143 of Consultative Jurisdiction and its nature and scope. An effort has been made to present the advantages of Consultative Jurisdiction of Supreme Court of India. The main attribute of this research paper is that some suggestive measures have been given for the cautious use of Consultative Jurisdiction. This paper also points out the criticism of Consultative Jurisdiction of Supreme Court of India and assesses the criticism with a radical approach.

RACT: The down of August 15, 1947 heralded a new era for the people of India who at the midnight hour wake up to freedom and sovereignty after years of subjugation to foreign rule. Freedom brought new promises as well as many problems. This was so in all fields namely political, economic, social and cultural. One of the many such hydraheaded problem which the founding fathers of the Indian constitution addressed themselves to, was the problem of ‘untouchability’ which was persuading the entire country. In this research paper we shall be arguing that inspite of numerous movements, constitutional provision and legislative measures the reality of the untouchables is for from encouraging. Caste prejudices and practice of untouchability is still continuing in Indian society. To curb the practice of untouchability we have made our suggestions in the last of this paper.

Reasoning helps us to generate new knowledge and to organize existing knowledge making it more usable for future mental work. Reasoning therefore becomes central to many forms of thought such as scientific, critical, and creative thinking, argumentation, problem solving, and decision making. Students can explore in the field of Science and Technology only through the development of scientific reasoning power. Measuring scientific interest includes the ability of the students to appreciate and recognize the scientific aspects related to the content area and its related implications such as Technological applications, Industry, environmental issues, health and Nutritional values and other daily life applications. In the present study, the investigator tried to find out whether there exists any significant relationship between scientific reasoning and scientific interest of secondary school students for the total sample and subsamples based on Gender and Type of Management of School. The investigator also tried to find out whether there exists any significant difference in the scientific reasoning and scientific interest of secondary school students based on their Gender and Type of Management of school.

This paper seeks to analysespaces “Imaginary Borders” spaces in Amitav Ghosh’s popular memory novel “The Shadow Lines”. The novel opens up a space in an interconnected world in its dual role as a consign to get in touch with as well as of conflict. It is a significant and fascinatingfacet in the fictional realms of Ghosh. Edges and limits between the countries cannot puzzle out problems,rathertheycreate troubles toanextreme degree. Most of the novels of Ghosh deal with the history of the nation and the sufferings of the people before and after the partitionof India. The division brings out riots, wars and sorrow among the people. The increase of boundaries in the state has not only set people of the state apart, also but it has displaced the great unwashed from their country of origin. Often, this has taken the shape of a restricted identity which in turn establishes the cognitive operation of border crossing as a painful experience. This paper is divided into three sections. The first section deals with the causes of the partition. The second dwells on the effects of the variance among the masses of the two countries. The last section, as a conclusion, explores the unreal glass borders and trans-cultural identity.

Sri Aurobindo took to writing in a period when the colonial India, probably, could not have even thought of an effort of decolonizing English Literature, as it is today. But this enlightened Yogi of India, though attained a very high watermark of excellence in European thought and means of expression, did not compromise with his Indianness. The struggle for liberation by the Indians from the imperialistic Britishers had temporarily converted him into the extremist of the extremists but his conception of liberty itself was ultimately dictated, as it appears, by his vision of permanent peace. On ultimate analysis it may be prognosticated that the absolute serenity of his mind created a divine urge in him for invoking the great Indian Muse. The divine Muse, in response, was pleased to award him a life of rare creativity. He was, now free to philosophize events, politics to the eternal Indian mythology, for hiring a better life on the Earths crest. The entire literary bulk of Sri Aurobindo is, basically, reframing of the Classical Indian thoughts. With these eternal Indian thoughts, what he added, probably, was the blending of his ascetic knowledge about the essence of Integral YOGA. His was the notions typically Indian and their judgement can only be apt, if the criteria are fixed to be the "Decolonized Indian Perspective." My assumptions are critically illustrated with reference to his famous epic Savitri though, I confess, know very little about this grand epic. As regards the periphery of my discussion, the paper highlights Sri Aurobindos treatment of the theme of love in Savitri, and how it attains an uniqueness vis-a-vis the European standards.

The present article seeks to reflect on the characteristics of and benefitsof Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in ESL/EFLduring its implementation in Indian classrooms at undergraduate level. CLIL is a two-fold focused educational approach in which an additional language is used for the learning and teaching of content and language with the objective of promoting both content and language mastery to distinct levels. CLIL is a methodological approach, particularly suitable for contexts where students learn content through additional language. The demand for teaching content through English Medium is rising. This provides an opportunity for the ESL/EFL teaching profession to both re conceptualizerestrictions of the profession togain new opportunities and to promote student learning outcomes. CLIL leads to larger linguistic proficiency, , of greater interest, boosts motivation, and is suitable for learners of all abilities. Further, it leads to greater intercultural understanding. Initially the article presents the general aspects of modern and changing education in a globalized world. Secondly, Content and Language Integrated Learning definesitself by clearly addressing its dimensions. Lastly, the article offers a broad view about the inclusion of CLIL in English Language Teaching in India.

Agriculture has been the backbone the economy of the state of Jammu and Kashmir but people also involved in some non-agricultural production for which this region is famous since pre-moderndays. The Development of different arts and crafts were laid by Sultan Zainulabdin who ruled Kashmir from 1420-1470.A new phase of History begins in the region with the establishment of Dogra rule in 1846.The foundation of Jammu and Kashmir was laid by Maharajah Gulab Singh in 1846 and established the Dogra dynasty in Kashmir. Like many others, they considered their kingdom as their personal Jagir. During the Period of Maharajah Pratap Singh, British were successful in Establishing Residency in Srinagar in 1885. Through this Residency, the British keep interfering in the internal affairs of the state.One of the biggest contribution made by British residency in the state is the development of its economy. Trade also received a new impetus. With the development of communication large scale of Trade was carried with the neighbouring world. Different articles were imported and exported to these regions that lead to the growth of many urban centres in Kashmir. The Dogra rulers also made many reforms for the development of arts and crafts, a large scale of money was spent on different arts and crafts.It may rightly be said that the economy of Kashmir changed from Medieval into Modern. In this research article, an attempt has been made to explore the non-Agrarian Economy of Kashmir under Dogras in the light of unknown primary and recently published secondary sources.

The temple is a large structure with mandapams or halls with gorgeous and inimitable works of arts and sculpture. From the period of Cholas, temples became the very boss of the rural and urban life in all its aspects-religious, cultural, social, economic, moral, educational, etc. They are the storehouse of land’s arts, architectural and cultural heritage. Suchindram is near to Cape Comorin, the point where the three seas meet.Suchindram, like every other village of Nanchinad is surrounded by extensive stretches of luxuriant paddylands. The Suchindramtemple is an important pilgrim centre and is Citadel of erstwhile Travancore kingdom.

The present research is based on environment of students. Students are directly affected by their school environment. for this purpose 300 sample has been taken from different senior secondary school of Jabalpur city, School environment scale by M. Sing and self made questionnaire were used for data collection. It was concluded that school environment affects the academic achievement.

The world is speeding up its pace every second, moving around we see minor to major changes in the products around us. There are ample of new products that are coming up every day because - the old one are being replaced by new ones or there is change in technology or change in demand. Due to this corporate are facing competitive stiff and to deal with this competition the corporate has led their focus on “corporate sustainability” as a key element to survive in the business world. The research work is based on how corporate sustainability act as a tool to meet the growing competitive edge. The focus of this research work is to know how corporate sustainability is important in corporate and what are it key pillars that leads to corporate sustainability.

In this paper we have evolved an empirical simulation method for the heats of formation determination for a variety of rare earth Pnictides and sesquioxides. The method proposed for the heats of formation studies is quite simple and applicable for a large number of compounds. The results obtained by applying this simulation method, it is found that there is a very close agreement with the experimental data reported so far.

Health insurance is a mechanism by which a person protects himself from financial loss caused due to accident and or disability. Though disability is not fixed, precise and immutable state affected as it is by numerous influences, both objective and subjective, its significance to society is that condition of ill health arising from disease or injury that prevents the individual from pursuing his normal routine of living.

With the opening of the insurance sector, life insurance companies in India are facing the major challenge of how to satisfy the demanding customers of today. With too many companies in the market place many of the companies are not able to break even. There has been a dramatic shift in the customers wish to interact with the insurers. To achieve high performance in this environment, insurers need to have a deep understanding of their customers need. Customer service management has become a major challenge for the life insurers to strive in this competitive environment. This paper attempts to study the consumer awareness and perception about the service quality of the selected life insurance companies. For the purpose of the present research study, a simple questionnaire consisting of 17 questions and sub questions were prepared and opinions were collected from 40 respondents. The customer awareness programme and service management of private life company is better than public life company. But still the market is dominated by public life insurance company because of the brand image it holds in the minds of the customers.

The present study was aimed to investigate the professional commitment of high school teachers. Survey method was conducted on a simple random sample of 1217 high school teachers from three districts of Telangana. Professional Commitment Scale for Teachers developed by Dr. Ravinder Kaur, Dr. Sarbjit Kaur Ranu, Mrs. Sarvjeet Kaur Brar (2011) was used for the study. Data was analyzed by using ttest and F-test. Findings revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female teachers in their professional commitment but there is significant difference in professional commitment of high school teachers in terms of age group and type of management.

A total of 112 actinomycetes strains were isolated from the non agricultural land soil and agriculture land soil samples of the Sangli district and screened for their antibacterial activity. They were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on four test microorganisms. Fifteen actinomycetes isolate which exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least two of the test organisms and were characterized by conventional methods. The cultural characteristics of isolates were also studied in different culture media. The results indicated that six isolates were highly active against Staphylococcus aureus strains. Seven isolates were highly active with an inhibition zone more than 20 mm in diameter. Most of the isolates inhibited growth of the Gram negative bacteria that were tested. All the antibiotic producing actinomycetes were isolated at different temperatures from non agricultural land soil and compost rich agriculture land soil. Fifteen isolates showed activity against bacteria in which most of them from non agriculture land soil where it is less utilized by human neither for agriculture nor for other purpose. These microorganisms may appear to have immense potential as a source of antibiotics active against human pathogens and adopt to improve antibiotic yields.

It is said that children are the future of a country.the fact that children need special care and protection is well recognized. The overarching framework for children’s rights is the 1989 UN convention on the Rights of the Child(CRC) that codifies all the development related to the child issues.If we talk about Indian perspective childhood was considered to be golden age in traditional India and there are some provisions for development and protection of children. fundamental rights and directive principles of state policy protect and assure child development. Besides constitutional provisions Child Rights legislation, five year plannings, various government department and agencies have been important tools to apply these rights and their protection.

Social injustice is killing people and mandates the ethical imperative of improving the social determinants of health. Women are the most deprived sections from all the health facilities. They are the most affected groups right from conception to the end of their lives in terms of poor medical care. Health status of women in India are examined on the basis of indicators such as sex ratio, life expectancy, mortality, age at marriage, reproductive health care, fertility and family planning, nutritional status, morbidity, literacy and education. Sex ratio is considered as an important indicator of women’s status. In India, sex ratio was unfavorable to females. Social discrimination not only has its roots in rural areas, but also in the Indian caste system. Although the caste system is now officially illegal, it is alive and well throughout India. This research study is an attempt to study the health status of rural women in India. The study show that more care and interest should be taken by the individual, society and the government in developing the health of rural women. The aim of the paper is to discuss the health of rural women in India. This paper is based on the secondary sources.

This study investigates the level of awareness and utilization of e-resources among the students of Career Point University Kota (CPU). Survey research design was adopted for the study. A sample of 230 both undergraduate and postgraduate students was selected for the study and questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. 157 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved, representing 68% response rate. Data was analyzed using frequency and simple percentages. Findings revealed that students were aware of most of the available e-resources except in some rare cases. Despite the awareness, findings indicated that students participated less in the utilization of the available e-resources in CPU library. It was recommended that the university management should invest more on acquisitions of e-resources needed in the library. Also proper orientation program should be arranged constantly for the new library users on how to use e-resources and other library resources.

Thinking, problem solving and creating such things or thoughts which are novel to the person are some of the most complex activities of the human being. But often it has been seen that the expressions of divergent production ability among school children are punished rather than awarded this presents a serious problem in developing the divergent production ability of students in school settings. Creative pupils are the most valuable human resource because divergent production ability involves originality which generates inventions therefore; creative pupils should be properly identified and nurtured. The present study is an attempt to measure the level of divergent production ability of secondary school students and its relationship with academic achievement. For this purpose a ‘divergent production ability test’ was administered to 120 eleventh grade secondary school students and coefficient of correlation with their percentage of marks in previous examination was calculated. A strong dependence of divergent production ability on ‘Academic Achievement’ was observed. High achiever group of students were found to exhibit a higher level of divergent production ability. Science students scored better than arts students on divergent production ability but the difference between means is not significant.

Disease has been one of the fundamental problems faced by every human society and every known society has devised ways and means to cope up with the same and there by created a system of medicine. It is related to such beliefs and practices which are part of health system of a given culture to which the term ethno-medicine is applied. This paper throws light at the perceptions and attitude of parents and relatives having female mental patients. The authors have studied – respondents of female patients (parents & relatives) to unveil the concept. Focused group interviews of a few medical and paramedical personnel have been taken including social workers. The study reveals that the attitude of the family members and parents towards female patients admitted in Regional Mental Hospital, Pune is by and large negative which reflects in their attitude towards health and nutritional care of the patients.

The Present investigation report shows that airborne particles have the arbitrator for the growth of fungi and proliferation the level of fungal deliberation in the atmospheric environment, its depends upon the emission of bio-aerosol. The poor house-keeping in industrial environment is making an unhygienic situation and may cause fungal growth. The industrial workers inhaled air borne fungal spore leads to symptoms as a human health hazards. The present investigation the air borne fungal symptomswere recorded during the year 2017-18 from occupants and residents in the study area by using questionnaire method. This study mainly focused on the percentage of fungal spore inhalation and related symptoms. A total of 120 members were responded regarding airborne symptoms in eight sampling stations of Davanagere district. The Present research shows that the industrial sector of Davanagere district were responsible for the growth of airborne fungi and its adverse health impact to industrial workers and surrounded residents of Davanagere district, Karnataka.

Transition from school to college life is stressful for so many students because of its entirely different educational and social scenario. To reduce the academic stress in college students various methodologies have been suggested. In the present study efficacy of progressive muscle relaxation training in management of academic stress among college students was experimentally observed. To conduct the study 30 collegiate students (Average age 19.12 years) from colleges operational under the jurisdiction of Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur were selected as sample. One week progressive muscle relaxation training was imparted to each subject. To assess academic stress in college students, Stress Inventory prepared by Rani and Singh (2008) was used. In this pre-post experimental design data was collected twice. Results revealed that after participating in one week progressive muscle relaxation training program the academic stress of college students decreased significantly as compared pre-test scores. It was concluded that progressive muscle relaxation training is a good medium to effectively manage academic stress in college students.

Women constitute half of the global population and are critical to the economic aspirations of a nation. Development to be complete should involve all sections of the society without any discrimination. Development of a nation without the participation of women, who form a significant mass of the society, will be incomplete. Educational attainment and economic involvement are the key elements in ensuring the empowerment of women. Economic empowerment develops their capability to impact, transform or form a better nation. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to the obligation of an organisation to operate in a socially responsible manner to ensure a deep-seated change in the marginalised section of the society. In modern days, the corporate sector plays a vital role in initiating developmental programmes for the community. CSR deals with corporate responsibility towards society. It has increased the scope for meaningful intrusion by corporate India towards combating many issues. One area of immersion could be towards empowering women by forming employment opportunities through enterprise foundation. Corporate world now recognises women in every possible area in which it operates. Economic empowerment of women brings about the betterment of the family too as women spend the entire income earned on family requirements which increase the overall impact of the corporate intervention. The significant areas of CSR activities of corporates operating in India are the promotion of livelihood, health care, developing education, protecting the environment and empowering women. This paper attempts to study specifically the CSR of selected companies towards women empowerment in India.

Attrition is said to be the gradual reduction in the number of employees through retirement, resignation, death or any other reasons. Attrition is an alarming concerns and burning issues across all the industries including textile manufacturing organization. This study has been taken in a yarn manufacturing unit which has been facing serious attrition of workers. The objectives are to find the reasons behind the high rate of attrition and suggest the remedial measures to control the attrition. Following descriptive research design, the primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire. The finding of the statistical analysis suggests that improvement in work load assignments, work environments, labour welfare facilities, shift schedules etc. will lead to control the attrition of worker.

The present research deal with study of relationship between Vocational Identity and Career Maturity. The main objective of the study was to find out the correlation between Vocational Identity by and Career Maturity of high school students 252 boys and girls each were selected randomly for the sample Vocational Identity Scale by F.Vega and Moura and Indian adaptation of Career Maturity Scale by Crites done by Dr. Nirmala Gupta were used. The result showed there was a positive significant correlations between Vocational Identity and Career Maturity for boys (0.18-<0.05), l Girls (0.14-<0.05) and students (+0.16-<0.01). This shows that increase Vocational Identity enhances Career Maturity.