Abstract— In recent years, improved technology has made it possible to combine complimentary MOS transistors and bipolar devices in a single process at a reasonable cost. BiCMOS is an evolved semiconductor technology that integrates two formerly separate semiconductor technologies - those of the bipolar junction transistor and the CMOS transistor - in a single integrated circuit device. Our paper describes the designing of basic memory elements by BiCmos logic and comparative study with CMOS logic. An experiment was conducted through this components & the simulation results are presented. For the simulation transient analysis was performed for all the circuits & corresponding values of logic HIGH & logic LOW are measured from the graph.

Abstract— Social networking sites are extremely popular online destinations that offer users easy ways to build and maintain relationships with each other, and to disseminate information in an activity referred to as social networking. Students, lecturers, teachers, parents and businesses, in increasing numbers, use tools available on social networking sites to communicate with each other in a fast and cost- effective manner. The use of social networking sites to support educational initiatives has received much attention. However, the full potential of social network sites has yet to be achieved as users continue to strive for optimal ways of using these sites, as well as battle to overcome the negative characteristics (for example, privacy, security, governance, user behaviour, information quality) of these sites. This paper proposes factors for successful use of social networking sites in higher educational institutions. These success factors need to be adopted by users in order to develop the positive aspects of social networking, while at the same time mitigating the negative characteristics. An initial set of factors for successful use of social networking sites, as well as measures to test successful use of social networking sites were derived from the literature. These factors were tested by means of an online survey of students at a university, the results of which informed the final factors for successful use of social networking sites. The factors enable users to overcome the negative characteristics associated with social networking sites. If used successfully, social networking sites can offer lecturers and students a useful tool with which to develop their relationship and contribute to their learning experience.

Abstract— A n×n array of integers is called a magic square when all the rows, all the columns, across diagonals numbers add up to same sum. Here we will consider a 3×3 array. Magic square of squares is a 3×3 array whose all rows, all columns, across diagonals numbers are square number and also add up to same sum.

Abstract— The most interesting application of image processing is Image registration, which can be shown as initial stage of Image Fusion. It can be used for making panoramic image which is the combination of two or more images from the same scene. Many image processing applications are implement on DSP processor i.e. edge detection, object tracking, motion detection etc. This paper contains the MATLAB Simulink model for Image registration and it is configured on DM6437EVM processor. It is the latest Da-Vinchi video processor and fulfils all the requirements for Image Registration. The results for different images are taken and also compared with the results of MATLAB software. To improve the results, filters are also applied. The block for unsharp filter is also shown with registration result.

Abstract— A number is called prime when the number is divisible by 1 and that number itself, no other factor. If two consecutive odd numbers are prime then they are called twin prime.

Abstract— One of the most popular technology of AI is nothing but Expert system. It is rapidly growing technology. An expert system is a computer system that emulates, or acts in all respects, with the decision-making capabilities of a human expert. Expert systems have been developed in different areas like medicine ,engineering and business. Author wants to review the expert systems for newborns.

Abstract—This study aims to design buildings to be energy efficient in terms of air conditioning. The design of air conditioning (AC) system that concentrates on cooling load depends on three approaches: optimal thermostat calibration in summer, building envelope insulation, and variable speed derive (VSD) interval compressor. Energy audits and analysis were particularly conducted on Irada building at the Islamic University of Gaza (IUG). Significance savings were achieved using optimal thermostat calibration, building envelope insulation technique, and VSD technique. Finally it can be concluded that the process of designing energy efficient buildings is the best method to improve the efficiency of electricity sector in Gaza Strip.

Abstract— Microorganisms use to reduce/minimize the hazardous waste concentration from contaminated sites. Presently accepted disposal methods of incineration or burial insecure landfills have an expensive when amounts of contaminants are large. Mechanical and chemical methods generally used to remove hydrocarbons from contaminated sites are limited effective and expensive. But the Bioremediation is now used extensively for the biodegradation of hydrocarbon contamination resulting from the activities related to the petrochemical industry, which may refer to complete mineralization of organic contaminants into carbon dioxide, water, inorganic compounds, and cell protein or transformation of complex organic contaminants to other simpler organic compounds, by biological agents like microorganisms. Many indigenous microorganisms in water and soil are capable of degrading hydrocarbon contaminants. This paper presents an updated overview of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation by microorganisms.

Abstract-- This paper deals with the simulation and implementation of boost Converter with the interleaved approach, this topology not only decreases the current stress of the main circuit device but also reduces the ripple of the input current and output voltage. Moreover, by establishing the common soft-switching module, the soft-switching interleaved converter can greatly reduce the size and cost. The main switches can achieve the characteristics of ZVS and ZCS simultaneously to reduce the switching loss and improve the efficiency with a wide range of load. This topology has two operational conditions depending on the situation of the duty cycle.

Abstract— New zirconium(IV) complexes were synthesized with 4,4'-bipyridine, imides and some amino acids in the solid form and characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity, magnetic moment measurement, FT- IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and FAB+ mass studies. For studying anti- inflammatory and analgesic activities of theses complexes some Swiss albino mice of 6-7 weeks old were taken. The test compounds of 20 mg/kg for each were selected throughout the research work. The anti- inflammatory activity of the test compounds was determined by ‘carragenan induced mice paw edema inhibition’ method. The analgesic activity was determined by ‘acetic acid induced writhing’ methods. These three compounds have showed positive effects as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.

Abstract— The aim of this investigation was to reduce cost and production time of biodiesel from microalgae by conserving water, energy and chemical resources. This was done by investigating two goals. The first is conservation of fresh water by microalgae growth in treated wastewater using reduced chemical nutrients while taking advantage of the nitrates and phosphates in wastewater. The second is conservation of energy, while reducing production time and eliminating the use of hazardous hexane solvent by integrating the two steps of microalgae oil extraction and transesterification of extracted oil into a one-step in-situ process. To accomplish the first goal, the project included growth, monitoring, and harvesting Chlorella vulgaris microalgae in various reduced chemical nutrient solutions and analyzing the algae growth and the lipid production results. The added chemical nitrate and phosphate nutrients to the growth medium were reduced from the “standard” chemical recipe by a 25% step. The second goal was accomplished using a sonicator to disrupt algae cells. The in-situ process was used to obtain the biodiesel production from the dry harvested algae. The results were promising, a reduced nutrient supply, specifically the trials of 50% phosphates and 50% nitrates resulted in a higher lipid production than the “standard” full nutrients requirement.

Abstract— With the development of software industry, software estimation and measurement is catching much more concern. Scale increasing in applications and a variety of programming languages using at the same time, manual measurement based on the LOC (Line of Code) cannot meet the estimating requirements. Security is becoming more and more important in most of the software construct. The emergence of Function Point resolves these difficult issues. It is extensively used in production analysis and estimation. FPA can also be used in the estimation of embedded and real-time software. In recent years, Object Oriented (OO) technology has emerged as a dominant practice in Software Engineering domain. it is useful to match traditional Function Point (FP) measurement to new OO approaches, including models based on Unified Modeling Language. Web applications can be estimated by Web objects. It is a quite different measure, since it starts from the most classic functional size metric, Function Points, and extends it by taking into account components that can be typically found in a web system. This paper gives about the overview of methods available in function point analysis.

Abstract— For self-compacting concrete, the arrival of new admixtures, but also of the colloidal agent and of various cementitious additions have remarkably changed rheology compared with standard concrete. In order to exploit the potentials of concretes characterized by a superior performance in the fresh state, such as Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), procedures for predicting its flow behavior are needed in order to properly design casting, in particular pumping. This paper presents a study based on pumping parameters proposed in the literature to quantify the plastic viscosity and yield stress of fresh concrete. The experimental data reported in this article were used to evaluate the possibility of predicting these parameters in order to choose the most appropriate formulation for any particular site and subsequently to develop pumping pressure prediction equations suitable for any given pumping circuit geometry and any given concrete from our experimental results.

Abstract— Images are being used in many fields of research. One of the major issues of images is their resolution. In this paper we are studying different image resolution enhancement techniques that use Wavelet Transform (WT). Basis functions of the WT are small waves located in different times. They are obtained using scaling and translation of a scaling function and wavelet function Therefore, the WT is localized in both time and frequency. In this paper we are comparing different image resolution enhancement techniques those using Wavelet Transform.

Abstract— Purified Terephthalic Acid (PTA for short) and Mono Ethylene Glycol (MEG) are the basic raw materials used for polyester manufacture. In the manufacture of textile grade polyester, these raw materials are converted to molten polymer (Polyethylene terephthalate) in continuous polymerisation (CP) units. CP-4 is one such continuous polymerisation unit, feeding polymer to manufacture Polyester staple fiber (PSF). in Maral Oversease limited, nimrani. The rated capacity of CP-4 is 180 tons per day of polymer, at present running 224TPD. Design of CP-4 unit is based on DU PONT technology. The paper comprises the study on CP-4 PSF esterification section heat exchanger, it discuss heat balance of the system.

Abstract— Kashmir is a seismically active area, and earthquakes big and small will continue to occur. It is not possible to predict when and where an earthquake will strike, nor its intensity. It is therefore hoped that this research will be useful to engineers, architects, contractors, masons and people who may be planning to retrofit existing houses and public buildings to reduce their vulnerability to future earthquakes. Furthermore, at this stage of housing rehabilitation in the areas affected by the 2005 earthquake, newly built houses which do not conform to the code requirements for earthquake safety could be made less vulnerable to future earthquakes by applying IS CODES and retrofitting measures. As has been observed in other earthquakes, people are unable to assess the root causes of earthquake destruction. The 2005 earthquake shook the confidence of many Kashmiris in local building materials, and even in the techniques they had been using to build houses for centuries. The immediate reaction has been a strong desire to abandon traditional architecture and building systems and adopt cement- and steel based construction, without understanding the long-term consequences as well as the viability of such introduced systems in the local context. Until very recently, non-local materials did not represent a valid option for local constructions. They were expensive, and their use added logistical complications to the construction process. However, in recent times new materials have made their way into the valleys of Kashmir on account of their favorable economics as well as people’s aspiration to modernity. This paper lays general guide lines that would help us in overcoming the new challenges that are posed by new construction materials.

Abstract— This paper on sustainable development strategies and Approaches is an attempt to get a holistic view of the sustainable development and how this can be achieved through the integrated development approach at various levels. The paper starts with understanding the definition of the sustainable development and they the author attempt to analyze the sustainable development strategies and approaches at different levels. Starting with building and moving towards sustainable neighbourhood and then towards the sustainable urban and regional areas is a good attempt to get an overall approach to the sustainable development rather than thinking about the different links and missing out the final goal and objectives of the sustainable development. Readers will find this article to get the overall picture that emerges after the continued efforts at different levels, international, national level, regional, neighbourhood and building level in such a lucid manner that any non-technical person can easily understand the concept of the sustainable development and various prevalent sustainable development strategies and approaches.

Abstract - Theoretical calculation is the major method of analysing forces and moments of which an object is subjected to by airflow basically in most Nigerian Universities. This lead to the design and fabrication of a low speed or subsonic wind tunnel. Wind tunnels are typically used for aerodynamic research to analyze the behaviour of flows under varying conditions, both within channels and over solid surfaces (AERO FOIL which is mostly tested in this wind tunnel). The machine is designed to generate airflow of various speeds through its test section. The flow of air in the wind tunnel is assumed to be steady and incompressible, thereby governed by the continuity equation and equation for the conservation of energy. This paper explains explicitly the design and fabrication process taken to achieve the subsonic wind tunnel testing machine for use in Nigerian universities.

This write up presents the report of the research on alternative technology for cooking vis-à-vis energy. Equally the fabrication of one of the adopted ones around the world is reported. Biomass constitutes the biggest source of energy in rural Nigeria. However, its utilization in the domestic sector is mostly inefficient and polluting, resulting in resource wastage. Traditional cook stoves, predominantly used in the households for domestic cooking, have been a major contributor to these ill effects. Improved cook stove programmes implemented in the developing countries of the world, like China, India, Kenya, etc. attempt to address these problems. Biomass gasification appears to have a significant potential in Nigeria for domestic cooking applications. A number of gasification-based cooking systems, which are more efficient than traditional stoves and are almost smoke-free, have been developed and demonstrated recently to highlight the potential benefits of introducing them in developing countries like Nigeria.