The stochastic system is very importment in many aspacts. Wiener processes is a sort of importment stochastic processes. Wiener square processes is a class of useful stochastic processes in practies,its study is very value.In this paper,we study Wiener square processes using haar wavelet and wavelet transform.we study its some properties and wavelet expansion. Index Wiener Integral processes is a class of useful stochastic processes in practies,its study is very value.In this paper,we study it using haar wavelet and wavelet transform on [0,t].we study its some properties and wavelet expansion.

The limnological studies of Unizik and Amansea streams, Awka South Local Governments Area, Anambra State, Nigeria, were carried out using standard methods. The mean water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, transparency and pH were 26.330C, 2.75 mg/l, 49.10cm and 7.80 respectively, in Unizik Stream. For Amansea Stream, the values were 26.580C, 2.40mg/l, 35.87cm and 7.70, respectively. The mean BOD, Alkalinity, water depth and water current values recorded in Unizik stream were 16.00mg/l 119.70mg/l,58.25cm and 0.45m/s respectively, while in Amansea Stream the values were 11.50mg/l, 111.35mg/l, 59.43cm and 0.39/s respectively. The physicochemical parameters of the two streams vary spatially. Unizik and Amansea streams exhibited features that are typical of streams in tropical environment. The low dissolved oxygen content, high biochemical oxygen demand and low alkalinity values indicate that the water bodies are unsuitable to support aquatic life.

Prediction of an accurate wind speed of wind farms is necessary because of the intermittent nature of wind for any region. Number of methods such as persistence, physical, statistical, spatial correlation, artificial intelligence network and hybrid are generally available for prediction of wind speed. In this paper, ANN based methods viz., Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural networks are used. The performance of the networks applied for prediction of wind speed is evaluated by model performance indicators viz., Correlation Coefficient (CC), Model Efficiency (MEF) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Meteorological parameters such as maximum and minimum temperature, air pressure, solar radiation and altitude are considered as input units for MLP and RBF networks to predict the extreme wind speed at Delhi. The study shows the values of CC, MEF and MAPE between the observed and predicted wind speed (using MLP) are computed as 0.992, 95.4% and 4.3% respectively while training the network data. For RBF network, the values of CC, MEF and MAPE are computed as 0.992, 95.9% and 3.0% respectively. The model performance analysis indicates the RBF is better suited network among two different networks studied for prediction of extreme wind speed at Delhi.

This study was designed to investigate the comparative effect of aqueous and methanol extract of Buchholzia coriacea seeds on carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats. Twenty four albino rats of both sexes weighing 162.53±3.55 g were used. For the aqueous extract, 12 animals were divided into 4 groups of 3 rats each. Animals in group 1 (positive control) were administered 0.5 ml of diclofenac sodium (reference anti-inflammatory drug) while those in group 2, 3 and 4 were administered 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight of the aqueous extract of Buchholzia coriacea seeds respectively. For the methanol extract, 12 animals were divided into 4 groups of 3 rats each. Animals in group 1 (positive control) were administered 0.5 ml of diclofenac sodium (reference anti-inflammatory drug) while those in group 2, 3 and 4 were administered 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg body weight of the methanol extract of Buchholzia coriacea seeds respectively. Thirty minutes after treatment of animals in both the aqueous and methanol groups with the drug and extract, 0.2 ml of 2% carrageenan was injected into the left hind paw of each animal under the sub plantar aponeurosis. Paw volume of rats were measured before and after carrageenan injection at 30 minutes interval over a period of 3 hours (30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180) minutes, to determine the anti-inflammatory response of both extracts, using carrageenan-induced paw odema method. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that the aqueous extract contains terpenoids, flavonoids and steroids while the methanol extract contains saponins, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids and steroids. Proximate analysis of Buchholzia coriacea seeds revealed that crude fibre has the lowest percentage of (1.10±0.05), ash content (5.20±0.01), crude fat (4.10±0.02) moisture content (9.10±0.13), crude protein (10.20±0.20) and carbohydrate with the highest percentage of (70.10±0.04). In terms of percentage inhibition, paw volume was brought to near normal levels by the methanol extract at 100 and 300 mg/kg body weight which showed better anti-inflammatory activity than 500 mg/kg body weight of the same extract as well as all doses of the aqueous extract and even more than the reference drug. Overall, the anti-inflammatory effect may be traced to single or synergistic activity of phytoconstituents present in the methanol extract.

Study on seasonal incidence of Campoletis chloridae Uchida, a larval parasitoid of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), in chickpea crop was conducted at Kanpur during rabi 2007-08. The parasitoid made its first appearing during 3rd standard meteorological week of the year in different date of sowing and verities varied between 4.4 to 93.3 %. The verity Udai sown at November 11-2007 D1 and D2 November 28 was Mean ± SD 44.75 ± 31.93 and 42.61 ± 27.65, verity Avarodhi date of sown of October 21 2007 D1 and November 17 2007 D2 was Mean ± SD 32.43 ±29.22 and 36.36 ± 29.22 and verity Pragati date of sowing November 17 2007 D1 was Mean ± SD 31.47 ± 31.47 ± 26.79 during December, January, February and March respectively. The per cent parasitization of C. chloridae showed a negative correlation with means temperature, sunshine hours and relative humidity. Where a significant positive correlation was found between per cent parasitization rainfall and wind velocity.

The detection of radar targets in a background, the statistical parameters of which are unknown and may not be stationary, can be effectively achieved through CFAR processors. The CA-CFAR scheme performs optimally for homogeneous and exponentially distributed clutter observations. However, it exhibits severe performance degradation in the presence of outlying target returns in the reference set or in regions of abrupt change in the background clutter power. The OS-CFAR processor has been proposed to alleviate both of these problems. Although this processor may treat target multiplicity quite well, it lacks effectiveness in preventing excessive false alarms during clutter power transitions. The TM-CFAR algorithm, which implements trimmed averaging after ordering, can be considered as a modified version of OS technique. By knowingly excising the ordered samples, the TM detector may actually perform somewhat better than the OS processor. To simultaneously exploit the merits of CA, OS, and TM schemes, two combinations namely CA_OS and CA_TM have been recently suggested. Each one of these versions optimizes good features of two CFAR detectors depending on the characteristics of clutter and searched targets with the goal of enhancing the detection performance under constant level of false alarm. It is realized by parallel operation of two standard types of CFAR schemes. Our goal in this paper is to analyze these two developed versions, in heterogeneous situations, to show to what extent they can improve the behavior of the conventional CFAR processors.

The evaluation of base metals in the bedrocks of Okemesi / Ijero area, southwestern Nigeria has been carried out to assess their potentials, level of accumulation and enrichment. The methodology included systematic geological and geochemical mapping of the rocks using grid-controlled sampling method at a sampling density of one sample per 500m. Ten rock samples were collected at different locations of the study area. The results obtained showed that the major oxides such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O and P2O5 were detected in variable proportions. While SiO2 variedbetween 70.59% and 98.70%, Al2O3 ranged between 15.73% and 0.61%. There is abundanceof barium (Ba), silver (Ag) and gold (Au) with concentration values of 1.6-9.8, 1.24-7.1 and 0.05-10.00 ppm respectively. Base metals such as Cu, Zn, Pb, Bi and Cr enrichment factors and their geo-accumulation index indicates moderately significance to very high enrichment of Cu (10 – 70%) , Pb (20 – 40%) and Bi (10 – 40%). The geo-accumulation indices suggest geogenic concentration of the base metals in the host rocks rather than anthropogenic inputs. The PCA elements loaded Au, As, Ag, Pt and Os on the same factor and they are pathfinder elements of Gold. Correlation coefficients indicate strong positive correlations between the elements. This implies that they are strongly related and therefore of the same source, also suggesting geogenic sources.

Information is power and great stakeholder of development many ways. Information and Knowledge consider as prime mover of the society. In knowledge market many subjects are responsible and deals with information activities. Fundamentally these works are collection, selection, organization, processing and management of information and similar facet. Some knowledge related subjects are Information Studies, Information Management, Information Science, Information Technology, Information Systems, Documentation and Librarianship. There are many tools are use for managing information. Present paper highlights various aspects of two leading information management subjects these are Information Science and Information Management including their similarity and comparison, briefly. Paper also presents a brief on carrier opportunities in these two domains.

Yield of ethanol produced using biowaste from waste pod of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) was investigated. Breakdown of cellulose to glucose in the waste was achieved using cellulase from snail slime. Into holding tanks containing varying concentrations of wastes were added snail slime and yeast respectively. The control holding tank (group A) had neither yeast nor snail slime. All groups were fermented under anaerobic condition at (37oC) for 24hrs, 48hrs and 72hrs. Results of the cellulose content showed (20.56±0.58%). There was no ethanol (Et) produced in the control group (group A). Results of the yield of Et of the waste in the holding tanks containing snail slime alone and yeast alone were (1.45±0.10%) and (5.44±0.44%) respectively. The yield of Et produced decreased significantly (p<0.05) with increase in fermentation time. Also, increase in concentration of snail slime and yeast increased the yield of Et in the holding tanks. The holding tanks containing waste, yeast and snail slime together gave the highest yield of ethanol. The findings in this study suggest that a consortium of snail slime and yeast would yield higher percentage of ethanol than the duo acting independently.

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a machining process used in non traditional manufacturing. It is established for heat energy between electrode and work piece. It is use in servo system as a comparison the gap voltage reference value and confirm that the electrode travels at a prepare level to preserve the correct spark gap and draw back the electrode. For controlling the gap the fuzzy control principle, simulation is conducted in MATLAB /SIMULINK, the result shows that the controller can work well with quick response, no overshoot output and high control precision. Its performance is more efficient for control systems.

Cellulose acetate powder which is extracted from the cigarette (insulator part as a filler) has been used with polymer to produce PVC Cement/cellulose acetate composite. The dielectric behavior of this composite is analyzed as a function of weight fractions (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 wt%), temperature range (30 - 110) ?C and frequency (120Hz -2MHz). Impedance and sac. conductivity of the composites behaviors as function of frequency and temperature have also studied. The results show that, the real permittivity, dielectric loss and loss tangent for all composites increase with increasing cellulose acetate filler content.

Pressure in Geophysics is mostly explained in terms of hydrostatics. It is a three dimensional stress state in which the magnitude of stress is the same in all directions. The pressure of a fluid is said to be “abnormal pressure” if it is greater or lower than normal. Normal pressure is regarded as the rate of increase of formation density where the pore pressure remains hydrostatic. The determination of zones of abnormal pressure was done using geophysical well log method in the Eleme area. Sonic log and density log formed the porosity log and consequently the porosity data. The logs were interpreted and plotted against depth. The trends were analysed for wells and abnormal pressure. Overpressure was determined in between particular depths. For the two wells used, it is found between 2185m and 2785m for well A and 1805m to 2525m for well B. Abnornally high pressure zones have density of formation greater than 1.07kg/cm3. They also have pressure gradients exceeding hydrostatic pressure gradients of 0.433psi/ft to 0.435psi/ft for fresh and brackish water with less than 20000ppm of salt and 0.465psi/ft for salt water with about 80000ppm salt content. The determined abnormal pressure can be taken as a guide in the Eleme area of Nigeria when oil wells are to be drilled.

Bangladesh ia a disastrous country having an approximate area of 147,570 sq.km. It has a close proximity with Himalayas and bounded between 20°34’ to 26°38’N latitude and 88°01’ to 92°41’E longitude. It has alluvial deltaic plain faced natural disasters with increasing frequency and intensity. Due to the geographical location, the country frequently suffers from devastating natural disasters like floods, cyclones with accompanying storm surges, tornadoes, river-bank erosion, drought and earthquakes. Among them, cyclones and floods are the most common and disastrous to mention. With its fragile state of economy, Bangladesh depends predominantly on agriculture that has strong linkage with seasonal weather system. Natural disasters disrupt the nation’s food supply and decimate the livelihoods of the many Bangladeshis who work with agriculture. Large-scale disasters in such a small country can negate poverty-reduction efforts and divert development resources from more productive uses. The colossal losses of lives and properties caused by natural disasters with repeated frequency in short intervals make Bangladesh as one of the most disaster prone countries in the world. It hampers the socio-economic condition of the country. Disaster management and preparedness is thus necessary to mitigate the losses due to them, to save the people of coastal areas and their properties. Cyclone shelters play an effective role in this regard. Disaster Management Bureau (DMB) as well as Ministry of Food and Disaster Management are responsible for this work .They have been constructing a large number of multipurpose shelters, meeting both educational institutions and emergency needs. Despite considerable progress by the Disaster Management Bureau (DMB) in this regard , future disaster risk investments still remain low. The study on such disasters and its management over the country is thus very important too. The result of this study and prepared map will help the policy makers as well as the people at the vulnerable areas to take necessary steps and measure in the field of disaster management, food security etc. for sustainable development Study on cyclone shelters and mapping of their locations will be presented in this paper.

Natural clays occur as mixtures of many clay minerals and remains of the rocks that under went diagenesis to yield the clays. As weathering of clay soils never ceases it may not be possible to mine single clay minerals. The purity of the mineral may increased through hydrocycloning and sedimentation as different clay minerals have different densities, wetting behavior and solubility in water. In this study, information has been accumulated on clays mined from Budadiri, Chelel, Mutufu and Sirron in eastern Uganda which were sedimented to upgrade the content of smectites. The dried raw clays and fractions that settled from sedimentation mixtures after six days were subjected to chemical and differential thermal analyses in addition to Infra red and X-ray diffraction studies. The data acquired from the various experiments revealed presence of Fe-montmorillonite, illite, kaolinite, K-feldspars, plagioclase and quartz in raw clays. Although smectites and kaolinites may appear similar in color, the alkalinity of aqueous slurries of clay sediments from Budadiri, Chelel and Mutufu showed they were smectites containing nontronite. The clays and clay fractions were made of 40-50% smectite, 20-30% K-feldspars and plagioclase showing they formed from alkaline intrusive granitoids in basic medium. The presence of iron, aluminium, and silicon in approximate percentages of 11, 18 and 60% respectively indicated that sedimentation yielded nontronite and montmorillonite fractions. The IR spectrum absorption peaks at 3600, 3454, 526 and 466cm-1 among others were due to Al-Al-OH, Mg-OH-Al, Si-O-Al and Si-O-Si bond deformations respectively indicated presence of smectites in the clay fractions obtained. DTA showed peaks at temperatures of 100, 250 and 650oC due to presence of smectites.

An azo/hydrazone mixture of the phenolic azo dye 4-(9-Anthrylazo)-1-naphthol was obtained in 58% yield. The product was characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as IR, NMR and ms. The electric conductivity of the tautomeric mixture was investigated in solid phase at ambient temperature. The electric measurements revealed that the azo derivative has an electric conductivity equals and electric resistivity which falls within the range of the semiconductors’ electric resistivity that ranges between