The article presents a dynamic model of interaction of rollers on the example of printing cylinders of an offset machine. Based on the solution of the contact problem, the interaction forces of the cylinders are determined, direct modeling of dynamic loads and vibrations is carried out, the amplitudes of vibrations and pressure changes are determined. Options for reducing loads are considered. The disadvantages of existing models of printing machines are analyzed and taken into account.

The synthesis of the initial contours of the teeth of out-of-pole gears on parallel axes according to the criterion of the contact strength of the working surfaces is presented, the geometric parameters of the original contours of the gear teeth with high contact strength of the working surfaces are determined. An assessment was carried out according to the following performance criteria: power loss in the engagement, the thickness of the oil layer, the specific work of friction forces, galling. transmission.

The main direction of improving the repair processes of all types and the current maintenance of the track is to reduce the time and labor costs with the highest possible level of mechanization and automation of all types of track work. At the same time, a significant place is occupied by cleaning the tracks from weeds and excess ballast. The working body of the machines for performing these works is a brush picker with flexible blades, which provides cleaning of weeds and ballast below the level of the rail head. As a rule, on domestic machines, flexible blades are segments of a steel cable with a diameter of 16…21 mm. One of the main disadvantages of brush pickers with cable blades is the relatively low efficiency due to fatigue breaking of the flexible blades at the point of exit from the seal. There are also known design solutions with the use of blades made of rubber tape. The most successful is the combination of cable and belt blades on one picker. The main type of drive for such a working body should be considered a volumetric hydraulic drive, which allows you to solve the problem structurally in the simplest and most effective way. Since the picker blades interact with the object (ballast rubble) alternately ( usually there are 8-12 blades) the load on the drive is non-stationary, the pressure in the pressure line of the drive hydraulic motor changes sinusoidally, which negatively affects the reliability and durability of the drive. To smooth out pressure fluctuations, it is recommended to use a hydropneumulator.

The performance study of road machines was a relevant scientific study. This is due to the fact that the performance of road machines is a criterion that connects the volume of work performed by machines and the issues of their operation. The implementation of the volume of work is one of the main purposes of road vehicles. Ensuring the working condition of road vehicles does not guarantee the performance of the required amount of work. Ensuring the working condition of road vehicles does not guarantee the performance of the required amount of work. To solve the problem of performing the required amount of work, the article examines the performance of road cars. The article discusses issues related to the determination of the operational performance of road vehicles on the basis of two approaches — experimental and calculated. The aim of the presented studies is to solve the problem of determining the operational performance of road vehicles and to carry out a qualitative and quantitative assessment of two different approaches to solving this problem.

Mobile ropeways for carrying out loading and unloading and transport and transfer operations in previously unsettled or inaccessible areas, formed with the help of terminal base stations connected by a single rope system on the basis of self-propelled wheeled or tracked chassis of increased carrying capacity and cross-country ability, are a promising type of lifting and transport equipment ensuring the prompt deployment of the necessary technological tools. The article deals with the layout of the mechanism for installing and fixing the end tower using a folding bar, consisting of two articulated links. A mathematical model has been developed that provides the required normative vertical dimension of a self-propelled base station of a mobile ropeway with the aim of its safe independent movement to the place of deployment of the ropeway along general roads. The analysis of the influence of standard dimensional requirements, design dimensions of the chassis carrying frame and the height of the end tower on the main design dimensions of the articulated folding rod in the transport position is carried out. Calculations have shown that the considered design makes it possible to provide the standard vertical dimension of a base station on a 6-axle self-propelled chassis with an end tower length of up to 18 m.

For vibration protection of operators of construction and road machines, a promising direction is the use of passive vibration protection systems based on mechanisms with quasi-zero rigidity. Passive vibration isolation systems, being less complex than active ones, require less frequent maintenance, are cheaper to manufacture and more reliable than active ones. The problem of selecting the optimal, most reliable and simple design of the mechanism with the effect of quasi-zero rigidity remains urgent. In this case, the most widespread use of elements that create negative stiffness. This requires elements with positive stiffness in the mechanism, which complicates the design. More promising structures of mechanisms, where elements with negative stiffness are not separated into a separate structure. In mechanisms such as the parallelogram, studied in this work, a section with quasi-zero stiffness can be provided with just one tension spring, which simplifies the design and reduces the cost of the entire vibration protection system. By the method of direct analytical inference for the presented diagram of a parallelogram mechanism with one spring, analytical expressions are obtained for the tensile force of the spring necessary to compensate for the force of gravity of the chair with the operator on the height of the chair and the length of the spring. As an example, the graphical dependences of the spring tensile force on the chair lift and on the spring’s own length are given as an example. It was found that the static force characteristic of the spring is a straight line passing through the origin. That is, the zero force corresponds to the zero spring length, which is not technically feasible. It is proposed to use a mechanism that replaces the tension spring, which will provide a given power characteristic.

The article deals with the issues of modeling the stress-strain state of a chassis designed to accommodate the equipment of a mobile transport and overloading rope complex. The main computational cases are determined. Geometric and computational finite element models are constructed, taking into account the features of the metal structure and suspension elements. The method of gluing elements of the grid model is applied. On the basis of the performed calculations, conclusions are drawn about the compliance of the developed structure with the requirements of strength and rigidity.

Simulation is an important step in the design of new road roller models. In the process of modeling, it is possible to exclude options that do not allow obtaining the optimal structure or parameters of the designed machine. To carry out this stage, it is necessary to have information about the range of values of the design parameters of the roller, the main of which is the operating weight. The mass per axle of a road roller depends on its operating mass and consists of the mass of the frame part and the mass of the drum, the value of which is required in the dynamic simulation of the vibrating drum-compacted material system. Manufacturers of road rollers do not give the drum weight in their technical documentation, so it is difficult to determine its value. In the proposed study, the analytical dependence of the drum mass on the technological parameters of the vibrating and oscillating roller was obtained, and the statistical analysis carried out showed that for calculations the drum mass can be taken equal to 20% of the operational roller mass. As a result of the analysis of the system of forces acting on the drum, it was found that with the same mass, the oscillating drum, in comparison with the vibration, develops a greater driving force. In addition, the impulse of the driving force of the oscillating drum is higher than the impulse of the vibratory drum. The research results can be used to simulate the interaction of a smooth drum of a road roller in the design of new machine models.

The article deals with the issues of modeling the stress-strain state of a traction device designed for towing a heavy trailer, on which the equipment of the base station of a mobile transport and reloading rope complex is placed. The main design loads are defined. Geometric and computational finite element models are constructed, taking into account the features of the metal structure. The method of gluing elements of the grid model is applied. The contact interaction of the parts is taken into account. On the basis of the performed calculations, conclusions are drawn about the compliance of the developed structure with the requirements of strength.

One of the main conditions for using the efficiency of the use of freight traffic is the substantiation of the technical standards for loading into a carriage, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of using a freight car. The analysis showed that the carrying capacity of the car is not fully utilized, and in order to increase the carrying capacity of the car, options for the transportation of bulk freight transport have been proposed. The article considered options for the transportation of bulk cargo in bags and soft containers (big bags), they were also compared, for the further release of a specialized wagon fleet for the transportation of export types of cargo. The aim of the study is to substantiate the choice of the type of wagons for the transportation of bulk cargo by rail. The research methods are based on the existing methods of searching for the rational transportation of goods by rail. A methodology for calculating options for placing cargo in a car is presented. A technical and economic calculation of the effectiveness of the options under consideration for transportation by rail has been made, which in turn will determine a rational option for the transportation of bulk cargo. Recommendations are given for the transportation of bulk cargo by rail, which, in turn, will make it possible to correctly and rationally choose the type of carriage and make the most of the carrying capacity of the carriage, depending on the conditions of transportation.