Epidermal inclusion cyst (EIC), a benign lesion occurs due to proliferation and implantation of epidermal elements in dermis. Usual sites are head and neck region, trunk and extremities; location on breast is extremely rare. It is a diagnostically challenging entity in breast because whenever a female patient presents with a solid painless nodule/mass in breast, malignancy is the first differential arising in a clinician’s mind. So it is recommended, although rare, EIC should always be considered among differentials in such cases.

Coexistence of solid tumors with congenital abnormality is known to occur. Neuroblastoma is the most common solid tumor in childhood which has various associations, but seldom with spina bifida. The authors describe one such case which highlights and enlightens the readers with this rare association.

Introduction: Galactocele is a rare benign milk-filled cyst seen in pregnancy. Case presentation: The authors report the case of a 20-year-old female,who presented with a progressively increasing breast lump. Clinical suspicion of malignancy was made. Histopathology, however, revealed galactocele. Conclusion: This is a case of galactocele present in a prepubertal girl mimicking a malignant condition, and thus needs to be reported.

Follicular carcinoma is the second-most common thyroid cancer after papillary carcinoma but it is known to cause distant metastases to bones, lungs and central nervous system. Distant metastases at the time of diagnosis may be the reason for initial presentation in many patients. The incidence of cutaneous metastases is very rare and only 30 cases have been reported in the literature. The authors present a case of follicular carcinoma arising in multinodular goiter and metastasizing to the scalp diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology. The case is presented here to highlight the role of FNAC in preoperative diagnosis of such tumors so that an effective therapy/ surgery is planned.

Melanoma is a rare malignancy in childhood such that only 0.3 to 0.4% of all melanomas develop in prepubertal children. Spindle cell melanoma accounts for only 3 to 14% of all melanomas. The authors report here a case of spindle cell melanoma in a 9-year-old male child, who presented with a gradually progressive, painful to touch swelling on right foot since 3 months that recurred after 4 months of excision.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumors are uncommon lesions of unknown etiology. Diverse nomenclatures such as inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma, inflammatory myofibroblastoma and inflammatory myofibrohistioblastic proliferation have been used for this entity due to uncertainty regarding true biologic nature of these lesions. This tumoris composed ofspindle cells with myofibroblastic proliferation accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate of plasma cells.

Teratoma with malignant transformation (TMT) is a rare condition and is most commonly seen in adult patients with germ cell tumor (GCT). The authors report a rare case of testicular teratoma in a young male who presented unusually with metastatic TMT in the lumbar region. A 17-year-old male presented with a mass in the lumbar region showing leiomyosarcoma. During subsequent investigations, a heterogeneous mass was found in the left testis which revealed a malignant teratoma with undifferentiated areas, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and leiomyosarcomatous areas. A diagnosis of teratoma with malignant transformation with metastasis of the leiomyosarcoma component in the lumbar region was given

Presenting two cases of vascular malformations of ovary, both presenting with different and deceptive clinical features. Clinical presentation were: Case 1. 55/ F with hyper-estrogenemia and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Case 2. 45/ F with ovarian mass suspicious of malignancy. A laprotomy was done in both cases and we received Uterus with cervix with bilateral adenexa. Relevant sections were taken. Histopathological examination revealed numerous dilated vascular channels lined by endothelial cells. Features were suggestive of: Case 1. Ovarian hemangioma with endometrial hyperplasia. Case 2. Cavernous hemangioma, ovary. Vascular malformations of ovary are very rare arising from failure in vascular formation, particularly in the canalizing process. The number of well documented cases seems to be nearly 60. It has been hypothesized that these induce stromal luteinization by mass effect in rare cases, leading to endometrial hyperplasia, thus making our cases even rarer.

Rhinosporidiosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease, characterized by polypoidal lesions of the mucous membrane. It commonly affects the mucous membrane of the nose, pharynx, conjunctiva and palate. Rhinosporidium seeberi is the causative agent. Higher prevalence is seen in the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, mainly in south India but remains quite rare in the northern states. Presented here is a case of a 32-year-old female with a polypoid nasal rhinosporidiosis. The patient presented with a long-standing history of right nasal obstruction and intermittent epistaxis since the last 2 years. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination and she was successfully treated by complete surgical excision. Nasal rhinosporidiosis lesions may largely mimic other ordinary nasal polyps, hence, it is very crucial for clinicians in the northern region to consider rhinosporidiosis as a differential diagnosis when assessing patients presenting with nasal swellings.

A 14-year-old girl presented with a solitary thyroid nodule since 1 year. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from the thyroid swelling revealed discretely arranged spindle cells with scant cytoplasm. Because of diagnostic dilemma, a provisional diagnosis of spindle cell lesion of thyroid was given as distinction of amyloid from collagen and basement-like material was difficult on cytology smears. Also, spindle cell might be seen in anaplastic carcinoma, melanoma, soft tissue sarcomas, etc. Tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin and chromogranin in cell block preparation. Thus, the diagnosis of spindle cell variant of medullary carcinoma thyroid was given.

Squamous cell carcinoma of external auditory canal has a low incidence of 1 to 6 per million populations per year. Case 1: The authors received a wide local excision specimen of right ear with an ulceroproliferative friable growth measuring 3×3×1.2 cm. Microscopically the tumorwas composed of sheets and islands of round to polygonal cells with hyperchromatic, pleomorphic nuclei. Many of the islands were showing peripheral palisading of tumor cells with basaloid appearing cells along with central comedonecrosis. Numerous atypical mitoses were seen. Based on histopathological features, a final diagnosis of basaloid variant of squamous cell carcinoma was given. Case 2: The authors received a biopsy specimen from right external auditory canal growth. Histopathological features were suggestive of moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma is a commonly occurring tumor. However, external auditory canal is a rare site for this tumor. Basaloid variant of this tumoris rarer. The prognosis of this tumoris poor due to rapid spread along the neural and vascular channels.