Multiplier is one of the arithmetic operations that are used in VLSI circuits. Approximate multiplier is designed by using half adder, full adder and 4-2 compressor. Approximate multiplier is used to reduce the logic gate count, power consumption, delay and it provides high speed output. Area and speed of approximate multiplier is efficient than the conventional multipliers. This adder is mainly used in DSP Application, Image Processing. The simulation result shows the low power consumption by using Xilinx ISE simulation tool.

Healthcare service is one of the most challenging aspects that is greatly affected by the migration of people to city centres. Cities are currently embracing massive digital transformation in an effort to support and provide a healthier environment. In such transformation millions of homes are being equipped with smart devices eg.smart meters, sensors etc which generate large volumes of data that can be analyzed to support health care services. The challenge is how to mine complex interdependencies among different appliances usage within a home where multiple data streams are occurring. The main goal is to discover human behavioural characteristics as an approach to understand and predict their activities that could indicate health issues. The human activity datasets which are generated by the smart meters are mined using the Big Data algorithms. If there is no usage of any appliances the result is given as an input to the health care application for further alerting needs.

Data-center network (DCN) plays a fundamental role in cloud computing. As applications grow fastly, capacity utilization of data-center network becomes a big challenge to cloud service. In this paper, we present Genetic load balancing algorithm to balance the loads and controller to enable the central control of the entire network, and propose an optimization model to consider high bandwidth utilization for provider and low delay for users. To the best of our knowledge, existing approaches, however, either solely focus on minimizing total cost for provider, or guaranteeing QoS for end-users.

We introduce the 3D Object Detection Dataset, public dataset for 3D object detection and pose estimation with a strong focus on objects, settings, and requirements that are realistic for industrial setups. Contrary to other 3D object detection datasets that often represent scenarios from everyday life or mobile robotic environments, our setup models industrial bin picking and object inspection tasks that often face different challenges. Additionally, the evaluation citeria are focused on practical aspects, such as runtimes, memory consumption, useful correctness measurements, and accuracy. The dataset contains 28 objects with different characteristics, arranged in over 800 scenes and labelled with around 3500 rigid 3D transformations of the object instances as ground truth. Two industrial 3D sensors and three high-resolution grayscale cameras observe the scene from different angles, allowing to evaluate methods that operate on a variety of different modalities. We initially evaluate 5 different methods on the dataset. Even though some show good results, there is plenty of room for improvement. The dataset and the results are publicly available and we invite others to submit results for evaluation and for optional inclusion in the result lists on the dataset’s website.

Modification of concrete properties by the addition of appropriate materials is a popular field of concrete research. In this study we are focusing on the use of selected waste of steel industry (steel slag) as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in the production of concrete. In this research study, concretes were made with steel slag as substitution for raw fine aggregate. Fine aggregate was replaced by these wastes in different proportions (20%, 40%, & 60 %,) by weight of fine aggregate. The aim of this study is to investigate the compressive strength, split tensile strength and Material properties of concrete with steel chips as a partial replacement for fine aggregate. The experimental results indicates that, the concrete mixed with steel chips have better strength than conventional concrete, while in the case of concrete mixed with the scale of 40%, it attains the maximum strength.

The quest for Home Automation is every increasing, given the need for more secure ways to protect our belongings. This project “Cloud Based Home Sheltering Using Raspberry Pi” proposes a system to secure one’s property with the ability to ability to remotely control the safety system.

We all know that, the fastest communication was possible only by optical fiber and the efficiency was also high when compared with other wired and wireless medium. Even though in optical fiber, there are several dispersion and other non-linear losses in the optical fiber communication. Here we analyze various dispersion parameters in optical mode of communication with the help of optisystem software and we rectify those errors to increase the efficiency by changing several parameter values and certain components.

“Voice Controlled Home Automation for People with Disabilities” is designed to assist the people with physical disabilities, bedridden or elderly to control the electrical home appliances using android application. Mostly the bedridden and elderly people find it difficult to operate the home appliances. This system uses voice commands as well as the switches to operate the electrical appliances in home. An android application is used to get the voice commands from user. A Wi-Fi enabled WEMOS D1 Mini board is used and the home appliances are connected to this board using relays. The cloud service is used to link the android application and the WEMOS board. Hence the entire system is very cheap, it can be used by every people to reduce their effort and time.

Solar energy is a promising alternative energy source for a sustainable pollution-free future. But certain factors such as solar irradiation, lack of sunlight during night hours etc. degrade or diminish the scope of solar power. To address with this problem MPPT technique is used here. Due to the requirements of high efficiency, reliability, power density and low cost and reduced size, transformerless PV inverters can be utilized in a grid-connected solar energy system. But the presence of transformerless system will lead to leakage currents, which is not at all acceptable in the case of grid connected applications. So to reduce leakage currents the modified version of H6 inverters ie an H8 inverter is used in this paper. In order to synchronize H8 inverter and grid PI controllers are used. This paper aims to utilize solar energy and reduce the leakage currents produced by transformerless inverter for grid connected applications. This is done by the integration of solar, transformerless step-up converter and h8 inverter. The concept is to utilize renewable sources effectively which helps in reducing the grid demand.

Now a day’s numbers of large as well as small shopping malls has increased throughout the global due to increasing public demand & spending. At the time of festivals, special discounts, holidays, etc. there is a huge rush in shopping malls. The use barcode reading technique in such situations always results in waste time since customer has to wait till whole items get scanned. An inexpensive RFID tag can be attached to each smart shopping cart. The RFID reader can automatically read the specific tag of the cart. The Smart Shopping Cart (SSC) can provide customers with the efficient user interface so that the shopping service can be effectively promoted. By the usage of android application we can easily detect the current location of the products in the market. Android application also having the e-wallet method for the payment. This paper presents a preliminary development of the SSC that can be integrated into the smart mall system.

Demand is one of the major threads for our country. Finding solutions, to meet the “Energy- demand” is the great challenge for social scientist, Engineers, entrepreneurs, industrialist of our country. According to them, applications of non-conventional energy is the only alternate solution for conventional energy demand. Now a days a concept and technology employing this non-conventional energy becomes very popular for all kinds of development activities. Solar energy an important role in drying agriculture products and for irrigation purpose pumping the well water in remote villages without electricity. This technology on solar energy can be extended for spraying pesticides, sfungicides and fertilizers etc, using polar sprayers.

Objective of this paper is to combine the concept of solar power, wireless power transfer concept used for the generation of power and Internet of Things (IoT) based power management. A solar power inverter is designed to produce AC power required for the circuit. The generated power can be used in the application of power management where the devices are controlled by the technology called Internet of Things. The proposed design concept is used to monitor and control electrical energy consuming devices like switches, bulb, television, etc., in order to effectively balance energy generation and usage. Renewable energy sources are utilized for system working to show effectiveness in design. The obtained AC power is utilized further in wireless power transfer circuit to again recharge the battery through a rectifier circuit. The hardware demonstration for home automation made in this paper will help in reducing energy wastage by continuously monitoring and controlling the electrical appliances.

This paper is about an efficient brushless dc (BLDC) motor drive for solar photovoltaic (SPV) Array based application. A positive luo converter is utilized to extract the maximum available power from the SPV array and the LUO converter is designed to operate on Discontinuous Conduction Mode DCM for Improve the PF. The LUO converter feeding the 3-phase supply to the BLDC motor via VSI circuit. Low frequency signals used for trigger the switches. Single sensor used for monitor the speed of the BLDC motor. A Direct Power Perturb & Observe (DPPO) algorithm is proposed to control the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for a photovoltaic (PV) system. The proposed control algorithm eliminates phase current sensors and adapts a fundamental frequency switching of the voltage source inverter (VSI), thus avoiding the power losses due to high frequency switching. No additional control or circuitry is used for speed control of the BLDC motor. The speed control can be achieved through a VSI. An appropriate control of positive luo converter through a Direct power perturb and observe (DPPO) is proposed to control the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for a photovoltaic (PV) system offers soft starting of the BLDC motor. The proposed system is designed and modelled such that the performance is not affected under dynamic conditions. The suitability of proposed system at practical operating conditions is demonstrated through simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink followed by an experimental validation.

Generally high voltage boost gain cannot be achieved in conventional step-up converters since the parasitic parameters will set an upper limit on the duty ratio at which the converter can efficiently operate. In recent years many high step-up DC-DC converters have been proposed. Among the developed converters, the high step-up single switch converters exhibit large input current ripple which make them unsuitable to operate at heavy load due to high conduction losses. So a new super boost converter is designed. This converter consists of switched capacitors and two coupled inductors. This combination of coupled inductors and switched capacitors can provide high voltage boost gain while operating with small duty cycle. By using one individual DC voltage source in an interleaved manner the converter can be powered. The configuration of the proposed converter advantages such as low power losses, longer lifetime of input sources due to non-pulsating input current, low voltage stress across the main switches and slow output fluctuation. The concept is to constant voltage By implementing this converter a 22.5 times gain can be reached 0.5 duty ratio and turns ratio equal to 2.Simulation results will be presented to demonstrate the authenticity of the proposed converter.

Automatic detection of explosives and terrorist using wireless sensor networks monitors and tracks the explosives that are placed by terrorists at public Environments. There are two individual systems which are interconnected with each other for detection purpose. The area under study is monitored in real time, collect data by the sensor and send to the processor which process the data and compares with the database and if there is a match the processor enables the buzzer which provides early warning to the people in that area. A sensor which is placed in the sewage collects the traces of explosives and identifies the related area from where it is manufactured, in other module metal detector is placed in order to find the explosive placed there. The current system in operation uses sensors which are very expensive and not very sensitive and also uses a good deal of power. The chemical sensor used here is less expensive and efficient also.

Authenticated key exchange is one of the most important applications in applied cryptography, the user interacts with a server to set up a session key to pre-registered information, authentication factor, like password or biometrics of the user is stored. Single-factor AKE is widely used in practice. Higher security concerns call for MFAKE schemes, e.g. combining passwords, biometrics and device simultaneously. Casually designed schemes, security is even weakened in the sense that leakage of one authentication factor will defeat the whole MFAKE protocol. An inevitable by-product arises that the usability of the protocol often drops greatly. To summarize, the existing multi-factor protocols did not provide enough security and efficiency simultaneously. It proposes a very efficient MFAKE protocol. It defines the security model and gives the according to security analysis. It also implements our proposed method as textual, graphical, biometric and device password to access the user accounts. The theoretic comparisons and the experimental results show that this scheme achieves both security and usability operating conditions is demonstrated through simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink followed by an experimental validation.

Increasing power demand provokes the young minds to found alternative solution using various modes. Among the various method of conventional power generation, solar is a prominent energy source for generating power. But the availability of the same is possible only during the day time and is also affected by monsoon variations. An alternative effort to solve this problem is proposed in this paper using IR sensors. The IR sensor is a grid arrangement could be used for energizing the solar panel during the night time and even during the days of monsoon variations. This work analyze the efficiency and driving capacity of the IR grid used for power generation.

Blindness is a state of lacking the visual perception due to physiological or neurological factors. In the existing system only specific functions are available whereas in this proposed system more than three functions are integrated together. In this project, simple, cheap and user-friendly smart blind guidance system is designed and implemented to improve the mobility of blind and visually impaired people. The project includes wearable equipment comprising earphones. It is connected to raspberry-pi in order to perform the functions such as obstacle detection, face recognition, image to speech conversion and currency detection to help the visually impaired people to move anywhere without the help of others. In this project image processing with Haar classifier algorithm and ANN algorithm is used to perform the functions.

The digital architecture is mainly used in all type of real world application architectures and thus the architecture modify based on enhancement purpose. The VISI is to optimize the any type of digital architecture. Multiplication is an important fundamental function in arithmetic logic operation. Computational performance of a DSP system is limited by its multiplication performance and since, multiplication dominates the execution time of most DSP algorithms. Multiplication is one of the basic arithmetic operations and it requires substantially more hardware resources and processing time than addition and subtraction. Vedic Mathematics is the ancient system of mathematics which has a unique technique of calculation based on 16 Sutras. Our work is to develop the 32 –bit Vedic multiplier architecture using carry look ahead adder technique.

The digital architecture is mainly used in all type of real world application architectures and thus the architecture modify based on enhancement purpose. The VISI is to optimize the any type of digital architecture. Multiplication is an important fundamental function in arithmetic logic operation. Computational performance of a DSP system is limited by its multiplication performance and since, multiplication dominates the execution time of most DSP algorithms. Multiplication is one of the basic arithmetic operations and it requires substantially more hardware resources and processing time than addition and subtraction. Vedic Mathematics is the ancient system of mathematics which has a unique technique of calculation based on 16 Sutras. Our work is to develop the 32 –bit Vedic multiplier architecture using carry look ahead adder technique.

Manual toll systems in India are found everywhere at present. This paper focuses on an Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The main goal is to accomplish the contact less toll payment. In this thesis we will discuss RFID based Smart Toll Collection System as a solution to solve the traffic problems and also to maintain transparency of the toll collection system. The aim of the project is to design a system, which automatically identifies an approaching vehicle with the help of the RFID tag. A vehicle will hold an RFID tag with a unique identification number which is placed on the windshield of the vehicle. This number will be assigned by RTO or traffic governing authority. In accordance with this number we will store, all basic information as well as the amount he has paid in advance for the TOLL collection. Thus the reader reads the information in the tag and the transaction takes place through a centralized data base and the aftermath details of the transaction is intimated to the user’s mobile through GSM technology.

This paper deals with reduction of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in the AC Mains by implementing the power factor corrected (PFC) ZigZag Converter for multiple output Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) circuit. The system consists of converting single phase supply voltage into multiple output DC voltages. In this work ZigZag converter which is DC – DC converter is operated in various modes from which best selection is done which is suitable for many industrial applications. Another converter is cascaded with Zigzag converter to convert one level of voltage into multiple levels of DC Voltages. Finally the test results are obtained in MATLAB software ZigZag converter operating in different Modes.

The harvesting of renewable solar energy is on demand due to the rising need of electricity in the current global scenario. PV generation system which is connected with Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters. Many companies are striving to improve the performance of this system since electrical has become a very precious thing hence this paper proposes an idea as a solution to that by improving the system performance by reducing its THD and harmonics.

Smart water management system is one of the basic necessities in the present scenario. Solar energy is the best green energy generation in India. Solar power operated agriculture pumps are available in the market today. The problem is in the effective usage of solar power, water and their savings. So it is necessary to store solar power in the battery and water quality and level indicating techniques are used to effectively manage the water system. The pure water is given to the domestic purposes and impure water is given to the agricultural purposes according to the quality of the water. The level indicator warns the user about the level of water in the underground and overhead tanks. The solar powered water pump automatically switches on or off according to the level of the water in the tank. The impure water is sprayed into the field according to the moisture and temperature level in the water. All this techniques are controlled using Arduino. Using the controller it will send the notification to the user. Users can save the energy and water by sensing and analyzing the information via mobile applications.

This project presents a design and prototype implementation of new home automation system that uses Wi-Fi technology as a network infrastructure connecting its parts. The proposed system consists of two main components; the first part is the server (web server), which presents system core that manages, controls, and monitors users’ home. Second part is hardware interface module, which provides appropriate interface to sensors and actuator of home automation system. Unlike most of available home automation system in the market the proposed system is scalable that one server can manage many hardware interface modules as long as it exists on Wi-Fi network coverage. System supports a wide range of home automation devices like power management components, and security components. The proposed system is better from the scalability and flexibility point of view than the commercially available home automation systems.