Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high incidence of malignant tumours. Purpose of the study: Prospective observational study of factors present at initial evaluation of stage 3 CKD patients proceeding from external consultations after two years of follow-up. Exclusion criteria: Under 40 or mayor 79 years old, anaemia, previous heart or hepatic failure, valvular or isquemic cardiopathy, arrhythmias, clinical arterial peripheral disease or immunosuppressive treatment. Inclusion criteria: All the incidental patients who wish to participated between January, 2012 and January, 2014. The study was approved by the Committee of Ethics of Clinical Investigation.

Diabetes mellitus is commonly associated with gradual onset of visual loss. Reversible acute blindness associated with diabetic ketoacidosis has been reported only once previously .Metformin associated blindness is common in type 2 diabetes patients but in type 1 diabetes patients gradual loss of vision is commonly due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of fixed dose combination of voglibose and repaglinide in postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) in Indian subjects. A non-randomized, open labeled, non-comparative, single-centric, study was conducted in total of 20 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients (9 men and 11 women, mean age 69.07 ± 3.495 years). Each patient was administered a fixed dose combination of voglibose 0.3mg and repaglinide 0.5/1mg three times a day, just before each meal for 30 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) was performed at baseline and at the end of study as assessment tools. At the end of study data was extractable only in 15 patients because 5 patient dropped out as they did not turn up for follow up at day 30.Postprandial blood glucose reduced significantly {-61.67mg/dl (95% confidence interval -76.79 to -46.54 p<0.0001)} from baseline at day 30. Also a significant reduction (p<0.0001) was found with FBG {-42.13mg/dl (Confidence interval -61.25 to -23.02 P value <0.0001)} at end of day 30. There were no adverse events reported including hypoglycemia. Voglibose and Repaglinide combination was effective and safe for the management of PPHG in T2DM patients.

Background and Aims: The awareness of osteoporosis is essential of treatment. We investigated the awareness of osteoporosis in the patients with postmenopausal women in the region of Northeastern Anatolia, Turkey. Methods: Two hundred forty postmenopausal women were included into this study. We detected the age of menopause, the consciousness of osteoporosis, dual x-ray absorptiometry reports, habits of regular walking, drinking of milk, used to calcium and vitamin D supplementation or any antiosteoporotic medicine. Statistical analysis was made by SPSS-20 and data were expressed as mean, standard deviation, minimum- maximum and percent (%).

Aim: The present study was intended to establish the role of bone in grade III obese women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material & Methods: Serum osteocalcin (OC), Beta Cross-Laps (Beta-CTx), parathormone (PTH) separar and y 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations were measured in 48 morbid obesity women (11 with T2DM and 37 control group). Insulin resistance and insulin secretion was assessed by measuring the HOMA-IR and the HOMAß index and its association with OC and Beta-CTx.