Children are our future and the most precious resource. Health of the future children depends on the nurturing practice adopted by the family. Care practices immediately after delivery play a major role in causing neonatal morbidities and mortalities. Insufficient knowledge of parents regarding essential newborn care leadsto decrease in the quality care. The investigators felt a real need to assess the mother’s knowledge regarding essential newborn care. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge of postnatal mothers regarding essential newborn care and to develop and disseminate an information guideline on the same. A quantitative non-experimental approach with a descriptive research design was adopted. Fifty postnatal mothers attending Outpatient Department of M&CW Health Centre, Badarpur, Delhi were selected using convenient sampling technique. The tool used was structured interview schedule. The study findings revealed that majority (68%) of the postnatal mothers had average knowledge scores and only 12% postnatal mothers had above average knowledge scores, whereas rest 20% of the subjects had poor knowledge regarding essential newborn care. An information guideline regarding essential newborn care was disseminated to postnatal mothers.

A descriptive cross sectional study was undertaken to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding Hepatitis B and C among nursing students. The study was conducted at National Institute of Nursing Education, PGIMER, Chandigarh. Using purposive sampling technique, 86 students undergoing 3rd year of an undergraduate nursing program were enrolled in the study. The tool used for data collection was a self-administered structured questionnaire consisting of three parts i.e. socio-demographic profile, assessment of knowledge, and attitude regarding Hepatitis B and C. To assess knowledge, 31 multiple choice questions with one correct answer were used. Information obtained was regarding the awareness about Hepatitis B and C, mode of transmission, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment etc. The maximum attainable score was 31. A five point Likert’s scale consisting of 14 statements was used to assess the attitude of the subjects regarding care of HBV and HCV positive patients. These 14 statements were further categorized into positive and negative statements. Maximum attainable score was 70. The results of the study revealed that 70.93% of the subjects had average knowledge, 19.76% had poor knowledge and only few 09.31% had good level of knowledge regarding Hepatitis B and C. The mean knowledge score ± S.D. was 16.34±2.65 with the range of 7 to 23. Regarding attitude, majority 94.18% of the subjects had a positive attitude regarding care of patients with Hepatitis B and C. It was concluded that majority of students had average knowledge regarding Hepatitis B and C but had positive attitude towards care of patients with Hepatitis B and C. The knowledge and attitude were positively correlated (r = 0.09).

Bio-Medical Waste Management has recently emerged as an issue of major concern not only to hospitals, and nursing homes but also to the environment. The objective of the study isto assess the knowledge regarding Bio-medical waste management among class IV workers in a selected hospital of New Delhi. A total of 50 samples were taken from Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital by random sampling technique. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of class IV workers. A descriptive survey design was adopted. Majority of the class IV workers (84%) had average knowledge about Bio-medical waste management. Mean knowledge of the sample subjects was 19.8. Proper management of Bio-Medical Waste generated in a healthcare facility is one of the most important functions of health care and class IV workers. There is a need for health care and class IV workers involved in its management to understand the integrate link between human health and environmental health.

The objectives of the study were to assess the computer vision syndrome among students in a selected university of Delhi and to establish relationship between eye problems and selected demographic variables i.e. duration of usage of smart phones/ computers, gender, previous eye problems or visual acuity and faculty. A total of 100 samples were selected from different faculties of Jamia Hamdard by convenient sampling techniques. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection, to assess computer vision syndrome among college students. A descriptive survey design was adopted. Majority of the students (64%) have moderate computer vision syndrome. With the obtained Chi square value, inference was drawn that gender was related to computer vision syndrome (significant at 0.05 level of significance). With the obtained Fisher Exact value, inference was drawn that past eye problems were related to computer vision syndrome (significant at 0.05 level of significance). Nowadays, computers, laptops and tablets are widely used by people in offices, hospitals etc., due to which, the chances of acquiring Computer Vision Syndrome have greatly increased making it a significant upcoming problem, thus making ubiquitous awareness a dutiful necessity.

Stress has become an inevitable part of the life of an individual. Modern life has brought tremendous stress on employees at work place called organizational role stress. Burnout is an extreme state of psychological strain and depletion of energy resources arising from prolonged exposure to stressors. Job satisfaction is the employee’s affective response to the job. Job dissatisfaction leads to absenteeism, turnover, and low productivity. The current topic of investigation is ‘A study of burnout and job satisfaction measures of stress amongst health professionals.’ Objectives: To study the extent and relationship between organizational role stress and the three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment) and job satisfaction in nurses and doctors working in a hospital. Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 100 subjects including 50 nurses and 50 doctors, which were drawn through convenience sampling technique from a selected hospital in Delhi. Three variables were studied and scored with the help of Organizational Role Stress Scale (Pareek), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBIHSS-Maslach & Jackson) and Job Descriptive Index (JDI-Smith, Kendall and Hulin). Data were statistically analyzed employing descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results showed the presence of organizational role stress among both the categories of health professionals namely nurses and doctors but a higher stress was reported among nurses than among doctors. Also, organizational role stress was found to be positively correlated with emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout, and negatively correlated with depersonalization and personal accomplishment, dimensions of burnout and job satisfaction.

Background: Fertility or the ability to produce children has a positive social value, whereas infertility has a negative social value in Indian culture. But infertility is reversible, it entails some management which, if successful, brings back the lost smile in the couple’s life. The aim of the study was to assess their knowledge and attitude, to compare the knowledge and attitude of males and females and to assess the relationship between knowledge and attitude with age, gender, educational status, duration of infertility and to develop, validate and disseminate an informational CD (Compact Disk) of couples diagnosed with infertility regarding infertility and its management. Methods:Quantitative research approach with a descriptive comparative research design was used. 60 couples diagnosed with infertility (60 males and females) attending Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and Infertility Centre were selected purposively. Structured Knowledge Questionnaire (SKQ) and Attitude Scale were used. Findings: The findings revealed that a little over half of the male spouses (53.3%) and less than half of the female spouses (43.3%) had adequate knowledge regarding infertility and its management, and a little more than half of the male spouses (53.3%) and little over half of the female spouses (58.3%) had favorable attitude regarding infertility and its management. Conclusion: The study concludes that both male and female spouses need to be equipped with adequate knowledge and favorable attitude towards infertility and its management in order to help them cope with it satisfactorily.

Research is a vital aspect of all health services and essential to the provision of effective and safe health care. The scope of nursing research is to strengthen the body of knowledge in nursing practice, education and administration. A cross-sectional evaluatory study was conducted among 50 registered nurses from a Quaternary Care Centre in Delhi NCR in 2017 to evaluate the attitude of Nurses towards research. The tool consisted of an attitude scale with 20 items. The analysis of data revealed that majority of the Nurses (84%) had positive attitude towards research whereas 16% were neutral towards research. No nurses were found to have a negative attitude. It was also found that only 14% presented paper in conference and 12% nurses published articles in journal. No significant associations were found between attitude and professional qualification, attitude and research publication with the Chi square value of 0.0023 and 1.0582 respectively. This study reflects that in spite of having positive attitude towards research, very minimal number of nurses is participating in any form of research work as only 10% of nurses conducted individual researches in their area of work. The study concluded that there is a need to motivate nurses to conduct clinical researches in their area of work and to disseminate the information through publications and presentations.

Introduction: Childbirth is a phase of transition for a woman. Mothers who have high perceived maternal role competence are able to make a successful transition to motherhood and gain mastery in their maternal role performance. This study aims to measure the perceived maternal role competence among mothers of infant. Methods: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design. Simple random sampling was used to select 185 mothers of infants residing in Pokhara Sub- metropolitan City, Kaski, Nepal. Face to face interview was done for data collection. The data were coded and entered in MS Excel 2007 and an analysed in IBM SPSS version 20.0. Results: The mean score for perceived maternal role competence of respondents was 72.48±8.33. More than one quarter (26.5%) of respondents had a good level of perceived maternal role competence. There was a significant association between level of perceived maternal role competence and age of the mother (p<0.022), educational status (p=0.011), employment status (p=0.019) and readiness for pregnancy (p=0.022). There was a statistically significant correlation (p=<0.001) between satisfaction and self-efficacy subscale of parent sense of competence scale. Conclusion: The study concluded that influencing factors for perceived maternal role competence are mothers’ age, educational status, employment status and readiness for pregnancy. So, health care professionals should focus on family planning counselling and community awareness programs to raise women’s educational status and empowerment so that every pregnancy is planned and help mother to adapt successfully in transition to motherhood.

Introduction: It has been known that gender, self-esteem, body image, and perceived self-worth seem to be related to dietary habits and eating disorders. The study aimed to assess eating pattern and self-esteem of adolescents, determine the correlation between eating pattern and self-esteem among adolescent students and also to find the association between eating pattern and background variables of the participants. The study also sought to determine the association between self-esteem and background variables such as gender and body mass index. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used to synthesize research findings concerning the relationship between eating pattern and self-esteem of adolescent students. The data was collected from 100 students at Kendriya Vidyalaya, Tughlaqabad, New Delhi. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Results revealed that 47% of the students had unhealthy eating pattern and 53% had healthy eating pattern, while 48% of students had low self-esteem and 52% had high self-esteem. It was also found that there was statistically non-significant relationship between eating pattern and self-esteem, as the r value was lower than the table value of 0.197 at df (98). Further, no significant association was found between eating pattern and selected background variables, and self-esteem and selected background variables. Conclusion: The major conclusions drawn were: Approximately half of the study subjects had unhealthy eating pattern and as well as low self-esteem, there was statistically non-significant correlation between eating pattern and self-esteem, no significant statistical relationship was found between eating pattern of the adolescent students and their gender and BMI, and no significant statistical association was found between self-esteem of the adolescent students and their gender and BMI.

Adolescence can be defined biologically, as the physical transition marked by the onset of puberty and the termination of physical growth; cognitively, as changes in the ability to think abstractly and multidimensionally or socially, as a period of preparation for adult roles. Major pubertal and biological changes include changes to the sex organs, height, weight, and muscle mass, as well as major changes in brain structure and organization. Cognitive advances encompass both increment in knowledge and in the ability to think abstractly and to reason more effectively. A quantitative and non-experimental research approach with a descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Sample consisted of 100 adolescents of age 13 to 16 years studying in 9 to 11th class, Tagore Senior Secondary School, New Delhi, selected using systematic random sampling technique. Structured knowledge questionnaire (SKQ) to assess the knowledge regarding sexual health among adolescents and attitude scale to assess the attitude regarding sexual health among adolescents was used. Results showed that approximately 50% were having good knowledge, 32% were having fair knowledge and 18% were having poor knowledge regarding sexual health. More than half of the adolescents had unfavorable attitude regarding sexual health. The study revealed that there was significant relationship between knowledge and demographic profiles of the study subjects, i.e. religion, father’s educational status and mother’s educational status.

Introduction: Anemia is one of the major public-health problems that affects the world’s total population widely Anemia is known to affect people belonging to all age-groups, particularly women of child bearing age and children. Hence, the researcher felt the need to conduct a descriptive study to assess the prevalence of anemia and identify dietary practices among adolescent girls in selected school of Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh. Materials and Methods: Quantitative approach with descriptive survey design was used to achieve the objectives of the study. The sample consisted of 100 adolescent girls (11-17 years) from selected school of Moradabad. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the sample. A structured questionnaire was developed to identify dietary practices and to obtain demographic profile of adolescent girls and a recording sheet was used to collect data regarding their haemoglobin level. Results: The data collected was analysed and interpreted using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study showed that 66% of the adolescents were anemic; out of which 31% were mild anemic, 25% moderate and 10% were severely anemic. There was a significant relationship between anemic statuses of the sample with their frequency of eating junk food. A pamphlet on prevention and management of anemia among adolescent was developed and disseminated to the adolescent girls. Conclusion: The point prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls was found to be 66%. The high prevalence of anaemia among adolescents demands due emphasis on iron and folic acid supplementation, iron rich food intake, health education regarding personal hygiene and periodical deworming to reduce the burden of anaemia among adolescent girls.

ntroduction: Disasters are unforeseeable events that destroy lives and affect people, ruins possessions and disturb environment. The study aims to develop structured teaching and awareness programme on disaster preparedness and mitigation, to compare knowledge of health professionals, before and after administration of structured teaching and awareness programme, and find out the association of post knowledge scores with professional experience, previous experience of working during a disaster, previous special training/short term course attended on disaster management. Methods: The research approach selected was quantitative in nature and research design was preexperimental with one group pre-test post-test design. Sampling was done using convenient sampling using 200 samples. The study was conducted in HAHC Hospital, New Delhi. The sample comprised of 200 health professionals (Doctors and Nurses) working in HAHC Hospital. The tools used for generating necessary data were structured knowledge questionnaire on disaster preparedness and mitigation. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Sample characteristics revealed that majority of samples (57%) were diploma holders, (80.50%) had professional experience. Only 7 (8.5%) study subjects had previous experience of working during a disaster and only 12 (24%) study subjects had attended special training/short term course on disaster management. The findings of study showed that the mean post-test knowledge score was significantly higher than mean pre-test knowledge score, with maximum gain in area of disaster preparedness and mitigation. Conclusion: There was a significant association between knowledge gain and professional experience of working during a disaster. Association between post-test knowledge scores with professional experience and subjects who already attended special training/short term course on disaster management was not significant.

Introduction: The profound shift in the proportion of older or elderly Indians, taking place in the context of changing family relationships and limited social support system will bring with it a variety of social, economic and health care policy challenges. Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to assess the Knowledge, Perception and Practice of regular exercise regime among elderly women and to determine the factors influencing regular exercise regime among elderly women. Methods: The quantitative research approach with an exploratory survey research design was selected. 100 elderly women belonging to age group of 60-80 years were selected using purposive sampling technique from Tughlakabad extension, an urban area of Delhi. A structured interview schedule was used to collect the data. The data obtained was tabulated in Microsoft Excel Spread Sheet and was analyzed in terms of objective of the study using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The findings revealed that majority of the women were having average knowledge (80%) and good perception (89%) but almost half of them (48%) were having poor practice of regular exercise. The most common reasons for non-adherence to regular exercise regime were that exercise can be replaced with house hold works (71%) and difficulty to find time from busy schedule (67%). Knowledge and perception, knowledge and practice were found to be significantly related. A significant association was observed with knowledge regarding exercise regime and educational status of women whereas practice was found significantly associated with their family income, education and working status. Conclusion: The study findings revealed that although the elderly women had good perception and average knowledge about the regular exercise regime, their practice for the same was poor. It was observed that elderly women had access to public amenities like parks for walking and open gym for practicing different exercises so there is a need for motivation, encouragement and support from the family members and society so that they can utilize these facilities.

Introduction: WHO (2003) estimates that only about 50% of patients with chronic diseases follow treatment recommendations. Non-adherence to lifestyle modification and medication regimen among Coronary Heart disease CHD patients post Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is a major area of concern. It is essential for post CABG patients to adhere with the prescribed regimen to prevent complications and to save their life. Smart phone applications have the potential to address the complexity of non-adherence behaviour regarding both medical treatments and lifestyle modification. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the level of adherence with lifestyle modifications and drug regimen, to identify factors contributing to adherence with lifestyle modifications and drug regimen among post CABG patients to establish association between adherence with lifestyle modification and drug regimen and selected socio-demographic variables i.e. age, sex, education, income and marital status and to develop and disseminate mobile application for modifying lifestyle and improving adherence to drug regimen. Methodology: A descriptive research design included 50 post CABG patients who were attending cardiac surgery OPD during data collection period and were selected by purposive sampling technique. Data was gathered through interview schedule and was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics using software SPSS 10. Results: It showed that more than half of the subjects (52%) were non-adherent to lifestyle modification and only (48%) were adherent to lifestyle modification. Study also revealed that majority of subjects (80%) were adherent to drug regimen and only (20%) were non-adherent to drug regimen. Among factors contributing to adherence, knowledge about importance of adherence to diet and exercise were having most significance. Busy schedule found to be an important factor affecting adherence to exercise regimen. Motivational factors like support from family member or partner in following diet exercise and drug regimen were found very significant. There were no significant association found between selected variables i.e. age, sex, education, income, marital status of subjects and their level of adherence. Conclusion: The study concluded that the majority of the subjects were non-adherent to lifestyle modification but majority of them are adherent to drug regimen. Among factors contributing to adherence, knowledge, time, motivation, beliefs and forgetfulness were significant. There were no significant association found between level of adherence and selected socio-demographic variables

Introduction: Upper arm dysfunction occurs after breast cancer surgery and include one or more of following arm impairments like decreased shoulder range of motion, strength, pain, numbness, swelling, weakness, and lymphedema. The objective of study was to assess the effectiveness of exercise protocol on upper arm dysfunction and quality of life (QOL) among women with breast cancer who have undergone mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (Time series design) included 44 women with breast cancer in All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi and who were scheduled for mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. Purposive sampling was done. Subjects were randomly allocated to experimental (n=22) and control group (n=22). However, 40 patients completed the study till 8 weeks. Subjects in experimental group received exercise protocol from post-surgery day 1 to 8 weeks while control group received standard routine care. Data regarding socio demographic and clinical characteristics were collected at baseline. Upper arm dysfunction and quality of life were assessed by structured questionnaires at baseline (post-surgery day 1) at 2 weeks and at 8 weeks. Results: The two groups were homogenous with regard to socio-demographic variables and clinical characteristics at baseline. The experimental group had significant reduction in upper arm dysfunction, seen by reduction in mean subjective symptom score (p<0.0001) and DASH scores (p<0.0001) as compared to control group. There was significant improvement in Quality of life scores in experimental group as compared to control group with p value <0.0001 indicating improvement in quality of life after 8 weeks of intervention. Conclusion: Exercise protocol administration from day 1 after surgery to 8 weeks was effective in reducing upper arm dysfunction and improving the quality of life among breast cancer patients who have undergone mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection