Reliable and affordable electricity is indispensable to effective healthcare delivery, yet Nigerian government hospitals are facing unprecedented financial strain following the 2024 Supplementary Multi Year Tariff Order MYTO . Ibekwe Arinze Ignatius | Josephat Chukwudi Akabuike | Ibekwe Adaobi Maryann | Nwauzor Chioma Vivian | Francis Chukwubuikem Ibekwe | Nkiru Maria-Assumpta Akabuike "Evaluating the Impact of Rising Electricity Tariffs on Government Hospitals in Anambra State: Challenges, Cost Burdens, Strategic Solutions, and Policy Pathways for Affordable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99987.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/99987/evaluating-the-impact-of-rising-electricity-tariffs-on-government-hospitals-in-anambra-state-challenges-cost-burdens-strategic-solutions-and-policy-pathways-for-affordable-energy/ibekwe-arinze-ignatius

Bedwetting is one of the quite common obstinate problems, which are behavioral and urological problems yet the causes were unknown. It is a voluntary or involuntary repeated discharge of urine into clothes or bed after a developmental age when bladder control should be established. In this case study a 11 year old male child visited with mother at the OPD of Kaumarbhritya, KDMGS Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, for complaints of Bedwetting in night with intermittent burning micturition. The child treatment approach is Panchakarma therapies with internal medications its was shown significant improvement in complaints of bedwetting within 2 months of treatment. Dr. Yogita B. Chavan | Dr. Kalyan S. Chaudhari | Dr. Atul L. Chaudhari "A Case Study on Ayurvedic Approach for Treatment of Bedwetting" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100092.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100092/a-case-study-on-ayurvedic-approach-for-treatment-of-bedwetting/dr-yogita-b-chavan

The postpartum period represents a critical transitional phase in a woman’s life, marked by profound anatomical, physiological, and psychological changes. Ayurveda conceptualises this phase as Sutika Kaal and prescribes a comprehensive and structured care regimen known as Sutika Paricharya to restore maternal health and prevent puerperal disorders. Following childbirth, the mother experiences predominance of Vata Dosha, depletion of bodily tissues dhatu kshaya , impaired digestive and metabolic function agnimandya , and reduced immunity, which collectively increase vulnerability to disease if not appropriately managed. Classical Ayurvedic texts describe Sutika Paricharya as a holistic approach encompassing dietary regulation Ahara , lifestyle practices Vihara , psychological reassurance Ashwasana , and therapeutic interventions. Measures such as Abhyanga, Parisheka, Udaraveshtana, Yonidhupana, and Snehapana are advocated to facilitate uterine involution, promote wound healing, enhance lactation, improve digestion, and restore physical strength. Progressive dietary protocols, including Yavagu, Yusha, and Mamsarasa, are designed to kindle Agni, pacify Vata, and ensure gradual tissue nourishment and recovery. Variations in the duration of Sutika Kaal and individualised care based on regional factors and maternal constitution further emphasise the personalised nature of this regimen. In essence, Sutika Paricharya embodies an integrative and preventive model of postpartum care that aligns closely with contemporary understanding of puerperal physiology. Its systematic implementation supports safe recovery, minimises postpartum complications, and promotes long term maternal health and reproductive well being. Dr. Mudita Tiwari | Dr. Basanti Guru "Sutika Paricharya: An Integrative Ayurvedic Perspective on Postpartum Recovery and Maternal Health" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99980.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/99980/sutika-paricharya-an-integrative-ayurvedic-perspective-on-postpartum-recovery-and-maternal-health/dr-mudita-tiwari

Breast cancer is one of the most significant public health concerns affecting women globally. Dr. Manita Acharya | Dr. Hemendra Pal Singh "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of a Planned Teaching Programme on the Knowledge and Practice Regarding Breast Self-Examination among GNM Third-Year Nursing Students of Baba College of Nursing, Chinhat, Lucknow" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99991.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/99991/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-a-planned-teaching-programme-on-the-knowledge-and-practice-regarding-breast-selfexamination-among-gnm-thirdyear-nursing-students-of-baba-college-of-nursing-chinhat-lucknow/dr-manita-acharya

Background The global prevalence of myopia is increasing at an alarming rate, particularly among adolescents. Concurrently, screen usage smartphones, tablets, computers has surged. While near work is a known risk factor, the specific impact of modern digital screen exposure on myopic progression remains a subject of intensive investigation. The dose response relationship between screen time duration and the rate of refractive error change requires further elucidation through prospective studies. Dr. Khatri Amisha J. | Dr. ML Mishra "Association between Digital Screen Exposure Duration and Myopic Progression in Adolescents: A Homoeopathic Perspective Clinical Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100000.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/100000/association-between-digital-screen-exposure-duration-and-myopic-progression-in-adolescents-a-homoeopathic-perspective-clinical-study/dr-khatri-amisha-j

Adhimantha is considered as Sarvagata Netraroga which is dreadful disease and possess symptoms of Glaucoma. Ayurveda, the science of life is the very foundation stone of medical knowledge in India. History of Indian medicine reveals that it was ayurveda which formed very beginning of the art of healing. Adhimantha has been contributed to negligence or improper management of Abhishyanda. Adhimantha presents the features that are similar to those of glaucoma in modern science. Dr. Shashikant Shivdas Patil | Dr. Balkrishna Suresh Patil | Dr. Atul Laxman Chaudhari "A Review Study of Adhimantha w.s.r. to Glaucoma" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100023.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100023/a-review-study-of-adhimantha-wsr-to-glaucoma/dr-shashikant-shivdas-patil

Logistics is the aspect of military science dealing with the procurement, maintenance, and transportation of military materiel, facilities, and personnel. Military logistics encompass a vast network of diverse materials, from weapons to medical supplies and food provisions. It covers everything from procurement and transportation to maintenance, healthcare, and facility management, ensuring readiness and operational effectiveness. It also includes storage, distribution of equipment and supplies, transport of troops and cargo by land, sea, and air. Military logistics techniques have become widely deployed in the commercial world and vice versa. This paper addresses military logistics. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Military Logistics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100001.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100001/military-logistics/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Kani, is known as one of the tribal communities dwelling at Tirunelveli district in Tamilnadu The Kani tribes, who are the landowners and possess a dark complexion, typically stand between four and a half to five feet in height, and their hair is characterized by its deep black colour and curly texture. Indigenous populations residing in the hill areas hold extensive knowledge in terms of the use and preservation of herbal medicinal plants. The Kani tribes are familiar with several herbs to cure various ailments. There are trained Kani people dwelling at the settlements in i Karayar, ii Adukkaiparai, iii Chinnamayilaru, iv Inchikuzhi, v Kannikatty and vi Periyamayilaru in Thirunelveli district, for treating those who affected by diseases, and snake bite and scorpion sting using medicinal plants growing in and around their settlements. This paper unearths the herbal remedies they employ to treat various diseases. Dr. A. Munian "Indigenous Knowledge of Kani Tribe on Herbal Medicines" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99999.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/99999/indigenous-knowledge-of-kani-tribe-on-herbal-medicines/dr-a-munian

This study investigated effect of government expenditure on the standard of living and economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1981 2023, utilizing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag ARDL technique. Data from the Central Bank of Nigeria and World Development Indicators were analyzed with E Views 12. Results revealed sectorial variations in effectiveness. Expenditure on education negatively affected both standard of living and growth in the short and long run, health spending improved living standards significantly but had a negative effect on economic growth in Nigeria, while agricultural spending negatively impacted both outcomes, as did transport and communication expenditure and in contrast, investment in roads and construction demonstrated a strong positive and significant relationship with both improved living standards and economic growth in Nigeria at 5 percent level of significance. The study recommended among others, enhanced oversight for education spending to ensure proper fund utilization. It further advocated for increased investment in road infrastructure to boost private sector productivity, improve goods distribution, raise living standards, and stimulate economic growth. Osuagwu Felicia Obiageri | Prof. Charles Uche Ugwuanyi | Justin C. Alugbuo "Effect of Government Expenditure on Standard of Living and Economic Growth in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99996.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/development-economics/99996/effect-of-government-expenditure-on-standard-of-living-and-economic-growth-in-nigeria/osuagwu-felicia-obiageri

Depression is a major health problem globally. Depression is the second leading cause of death among people. Depression affects all population youth of any race, ethnicity gender identity, sexual orientation Socio economic status or community may be at risk for depression. Depression is complex but often preventable. Depression is the act of killing once owns self voluntary. The mean post test knowledge score 25 was greater than the mean pre test score 14.9 . The mean difference between pre test and post test score was 10.1 . Pared ‘t’ score was 9.73 and it was significant at p 2.045 level. Hence research hypothesis H1 was accepted. This indicates that the STP was effective in increasing the knowledge of nursing students regarding depression. Dr. Kailash Kumar Khandelwal "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structure Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Depression Related to Stress among B.Sc. Nursing 2nd Semester Student in College of Nursing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99992.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/99992/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structure-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-depression-related-to-stress-among-bsc-nursing-2nd-semester-student-in-college-of-nursing/dr-kailash-kumar-khandelwal

Education and culture are interrelated, the best way for a society to understand and develop it’s culture is through education. But problems arise in multicultural societies where the various components of culture be it language, behaviour, food, music, dance, activities etc are very rich but also very heterogeneous. In such societies, a standardised urbanised curriculum in education doesn’t work and creates stress and anxiety for children. The paper explains this behaviour of children with the help of Kurt Lewin’s field theory and suggests how to address the various components of the theory for positive behaviour through CBE or Culture Based Education. Mahua Jha | Dr. Maumita Sengupta "Culture and Human Development: Educational and Psychological Perspectives" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100046.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100046/culture-and-human-development-educational-and-psychological-perspectives/mahua-jha

Logistics 4.0 refers to the application of information and communication technologies to all aspects of the supply chain, integrating tools such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of things IoT , blockchain, robotics, and much more. The concept is closely linked to Industry 4.0, also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The primary goal of Logistics 4.0 is to coordinate and modernize supply flow. Logistics 4.0 ensures companies’ entire distribution process is carried out cohesively and intelligently. Today, the logistics industry is undergoing a major transformation with the advent of Logistics 4.0, turning manual and traditional logistics processes into modern and innovative operations. Internationally, smart logistics solutions are already accepted and frequently used. Companies missing this trend, will sooner or later be outdone by their competitors. In this paper, we explore how logistics and Industry 4.0 transform traditional approaches in the supply chain. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Logistics 4.0: A Primer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100002.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100002/logistics-40-a-primer/matthew-n-o-sadiku

The logistics industry is undergoing a rapid transformation driven by emerging technologies and evolving trends. These innovations are reshaping how goods are transported, stored, and managed, leading to increased efficiency, cost savings, and sustainability. Emerging technologies in logistics focus on artificial intelligence, Internet of things, robotics, blockchain, 3D printing, and data analytics to boost efficiency, visibility, and automation. They are revolutionizing logistics in several key areas, each bringing unique benefits and challenges. Understanding their impact and potential is essential for logistics providers looking to prepare for the future. This paper explores some of the key emerging technologies that are revolutionizing the logistics landscape. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Samuel A. Ajayi | Janet O. Sadiku "Emerging Technologies in Logistics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100004.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/100004/emerging-technologies-in-logistics/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Clustering is a fundamental technique in data analysis, used to group similar data points based on their inherent patterns. As data grows in volume, complexity, and dimensionality, traditional clustering methods such as K means and DBSCAN face significant challenges in terms of scalability, computational efficiency, and handling noisy data. This article explores advanced clustering techniques specifically designed to address the challenges posed by large scale datasets. Key methods discussed include scalable variants of traditional algorithms e.g., Mini batch K means , density based techniques e.g., HDBSCAN , graph based clustering e.g., spectral clustering , matrix factorization methods e.g., Non negative Matrix Factorization , and deep learning based approaches e.g., autoencoders and deep clustering frameworks . The article also delves into the computational efficiency of these algorithms, emphasizing parallel and distributed computing, approximation techniques, and algorithmic comparisons. Additionally, real world applications of clustering in fields such as bioinformatics, social networks, market segmentation, and multimedia data are highlighted. The article concludes by examining future research directions, including real time clustering, integration with AI techniques, and opportunities for hardware and software advancements to support large scale clustering. The evolving landscape of clustering methods presents exciting opportunities for more efficient and insightful analysis of large, complex datasets. Dr. Gopal Prasad Sharma | Prof. Dr. Manish Pokharel | Prof. Dr. Pawan Kumar Jha | Prof. Raj Kumar Thakur "Advancing Clustering Techniques: Algorithms for Large-scale Data Sets" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99952.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/data-miining/99952/advancing-clustering-techniques-algorithms-for-largescale-data-sets/dr-gopal-prasad-sharma

The rapid growth of big data across industries has led to significant concerns regarding the security of sensitive information. As organizations store, transmit, and process massive volumes of data, ensuring the privacy, integrity, and confidentiality of this data becomes crucial. This paper explores scalable encryption algorithms designed to address the unique security challenges posed by big data environments. We examine various encryption techniques, including symmetric encryption algorithms such as AES, asymmetric encryption methods like RSA and ECC, as well as advanced encryption models such as homomorphic encryption and attribute based encryption. Additionally, the paper delves into the scalability challenges associated with encrypting large datasets, focusing on computational efficiency, key management, and performance issues in big data contexts. Real time encryption for secure transmission, as well as emerging trends like quantum resistant encryption and AI enhanced encryption processes, are also discussed. Through case studies, we highlight how scalable encryption is applied in sectors such as healthcare, finance, and IoT, underscoring the critical role of robust encryption in securing big data. The paper concludes with an analysis of current challenges and future directions for big data encryption, aiming to offer solutions to meet the growing demands of data security. Dr. Gopal Prasad Sharma | Prof. Dr. Manish Pokharel | Prof. Raj Kumar Thakur | Prof. Dr. Pawan Kumar Jha "Scalable Encryption Algorithms for Secure Big Data Storage and Transmission" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99953.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/99953/scalable-encryption-algorithms-for-secure-big-data-storage-and-transmission/dr-gopal-prasad-sharma

This study set to find out the situational factors that have an impact on the academic performance of internally displaced secondary school students IDSSS in Fako division in the Southwest Region of Cameroon. Specifically, the study examined how location of the internally displaced students and social factors surrounding them is affecting their academic performance. The study was equally guided by two hypotheses. A concurrent mixed methods design was adopted. Three hundred and sixty 360 IDSSS and 24 school personnel made up the sample. The stratified, simple random, purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used. The instruments for the study were a questionnaire and interview guide. The reliability analysis of the questionnaire was 0.865 and CVI above 0.75. The quantitative data were analysed via SPSS 21.0, using descriptive statistics and hypotheses tested using Binary logistic Regression. The qualitative data were analysed thematically with the support of Atlas. Ti 5.2 software. Findings showed that social factors surrounding the internally displaced students was significantly impact their academic performance CoxandSnell R Square= 0.305, p value 0.031 0.05 but their location appear not to have significant impact on their academic performance CoxandSnell R Square= 0.176, p value 0.083 0.05 . In support of this, school personnel reported that social support, school social activities, student student interaction, and social media were reported to have positive effects on their academic performance. Thus, it was recommended that barriers be addressed and the facilitators sustained as to enhance the academic performance of the internally displaced students because many of the school personnel reported unsatisfactory performance by many of the students. Agbor Evelyn Mbeng | Endeley Margaret Nalova | Nekang Fabian Nfon "Situational Factors and Their Impact on the Academic Performance of Internally Displaced Students in Secondary Schools in Fako Division, Southwest Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99995.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/99995/situational-factors-and-their-impact-on-the-academic-performance-of-internally-displaced-students-in-secondary-schools-in-fako-division-southwest-region-of-cameroon/agbor-evelyn-mbeng

In present era burden of lifestyle disorders are rapidly increasing worldwide. Modernization, development of science and technology lead to more sedentary life style. Obesity or overweight Sthoulya is one among the major lifestyle disorder which disturbs physical, mental and social health of an individual. Obesity represents a state of excessive accumulation of body fat. Although similar, the term overweight is defined as an excess of body weight for height. In Ayurveda obesity is described as Sthoulya, which is mentioned under Santarpanajnaya Vyadhi. Lifestyle diseases cannot occur without the participation of Medo dhatu and Kapha dosha. Snehapana includes administration of large quantity of medicated oils for a maximum period of seven days, followed by the bio purificatory emesis or Vamana n virechana karma,which was given according to Koshta and Agni. Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas which are described in all texts, were assessed using a special scoring pattern and the biochemical parameters also observed. Vatanulomana, Diptagni, Snehodvega, Klama and Adhastat Sneha Darshanam were seen whereas Angalaghava and Twak Snigdhata were noted in less percentage of persons. There are changes in some biochemical parameters like serum cholesterol, Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase SGOT and fat globules in stool after Snehapana. Snehapana facilitates the softening and loosening of accumulated morbid Doshas toxins in the body, making them easier to expel during subsequent detoxification therapies. Considering the high amounts of lipid usage in Snehapana, it becomes essential, to monitor its impact on lipid profile in patients undergoing Vamana or virechna karma for various etiologies. Dr. Sonali Behera | Dr. Vijayakumaraswamy G. Hiremath "Mode of Action of Abhyantara Snehapana in the Management of Hyperlipidemia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100007.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100007/mode-of-action-of-abhyantara-snehapana-in-the-management-of-hyperlipidemia/dr-sonali-behera

It is over three decades now that HIV AIDS has emerged beyond sundry conspiracy suspicions as a global epidemic. Since its onset in the early 1980s, an estimated 79.3 million people got infected with HIV 36.3 million people died a plethora of people have been in pain, grief, and living with chronic disease worldwide. Since then, enormous advancement has been made in terms of perception and treatment making procreation no more a myth. The study aimed at providing in depth understanding on procreation negotiating parenthood’s challenges faced by persons living with HIV AIDS PLWHAs in the Southwest region of Cameroon with focus on patients’ perspectives while recommending resort measures. Theoretically, this study is anchored on the Social Learning Cognitive Theory SCT , theory of Reasoned Action Planned Behaviour TRA TPB , Health Belief Model HBM , the Stages of Change SoC and Social Ecological Model SEM . The study employs an ethnography design with dominantly a qualitative approach in data gathering and analysis whereby data were gathered through focus group discussions and interviews with persons living with HIV AIDS. Data were analysed qualitatively using thematic analysis for textual data from focus group discussion and interviews. The findings unfold number of barriers among which uncertainty about the source and genuineness of the disease financial constraints, challenging having a procreation partner, beliefs as divine intervention, stigmatization, medication phobia psychological trauma of long term medication, enclave nature of some localities inadequate accessibility high transportation cost, feeding challenge cost of alternative or milk feeding, discordant partners, dilemma faced with portrayed efficiency and non formalization of traditional medicine, and confused with source of infection doubt of source of infection doubting of the realistic nature of the illness. It was recommended counseling health education, adherence to treatment, exploiting the potential of traditional medicine, more research and scientific clarity on the pandemic, pre marital checks, life style adjustment, faithfulness, good medical care, gradual disclosure, protected sex, scientific research communication, adequate availability of drugs, support group and ethical consideration. Suka Caroline Bih | Njikam Savage O. M | Nana Celestin "Procreation / Negotiating Parenthood’s Challenges Faced by Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in the Southwest Region of Cameroon: Patients’ Perspectives" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99971.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/99971/procreation--negotiating-parenthood’s-challenges-faced-by-persons-living-with-hivaids-in-the-southwest-region-of-cameroon-patients’-perspectives/suka-caroline-bih

Human Immune Deficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome HIV AIDS pandemic is one of the most demanding public health and social challenge to health care systems worldwide over the last 25 years. It has the capacity to produce psychosocial disturbances in both the sufferer and the community at large. This study sought to examine the availability and quality of services for Sexually Transmitted Infections Human Immune Deficiency Syndrome in the Limbe Regional hospital and Buea Regional hospital annex in Fako division in the Southwest region of Cameroon. The study employed a survey design and more specifically a sequential exploratory mixed methods approach. The sample size for the study was 220 HIV AIDS patients receiving treatment in these health facilities. Triangulation also applied in analyzing the data by combining qualitative and quantitative approaches with the support of SPSS for quantitative analysis and Atlas Ti for qualitative analysis. The findings unfolded that a proportion of 90 94.7 of participants attended antenatal clinic, 191 92.35 were regularly tested on HIV, 198 94.3 had done CD4 test, 205 96.2 attended day care UPEC services and 168 79.6 were taking antiretroviral therapy. This statistical trend by ricochet supports the availability of STIs HIV services. Reasons for noncompliance to STIs HIV services were for the main ones the perception that one is not sick or is not actually sick as no symptom of illness is being felt, adjustment of life style with abstinence to sex, poverty, ignorance, sporadic failure in lab equipment, ignorance, lack of awareness, no identification document to express citizenship and ease movement, inconsistent service, some health personnel not welcoming, and inconsistent supply of drugs. Findings of this study would contribute to the limited services on the reproductive health of HIV AIDS infected patients in Cameroon, and may serve as a clinical reference to HIV care providers who may use the findings of this study to offer comprehensive care to their patients. This study is also expected to provide basis for policy makers and stakeholders to enact sustainable policies to boost the management of people living with HIV AIDS and improve on their wellbeing and socio economic development. Suka Caroline Bih | Robert Mbe Akoko | Fongot Kini-Yen Kinni | Nana Celestin "Availability and Quality of Sexually Transmitted Infections / Human Immune Deficiency Syndrome Services in Fako Division Southwest Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd99972.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/99972/availability-and-quality-of-sexually-transmitted-infections--human-immune-deficiency-syndrome-services-in-fako-division-southwest-region-of-cameroon/suka-caroline-bih

Jatropha Gossifiipolia linnues is also grown in different parts of Nigeria especially the northern parts. It is usually planted to grow as live fences and hedge plants in homesteads and gardens. Its ecological performance in the country is such that it can grow in the semi arid, arid and tropical climate. The is a robust woody shrub of light gray bark which may reach an average height of 4m in not so favourable environment and a good average of 9 m in good climatic conditions. The burning of fossil diesel fuel is one of the biggest contributors of pollution in the environment. Diverse factors such as global environmental issues, increasing petroleum prices, and the fact that the fossil diesel fuel is finite are some of the reasons why researchers are seeking to cleanly burn diesel engines with other fuels. Biodiesel can also be used as fuel and it can even be blended with diesel in their various proportions. This research is pure quantitative experimental research to determine the effect of the additive on diesel engine fuel consumption. Using Perkins 2200 SERIES 2206A E13TAG2 diesel engine. It is a 13L, 6 cylinder, turbocharged, aftercooled engine with a direct injection electronic control system, and prime power of 350kVA 280kW . The Jatropha seeds were pressed using screw press at 120 rpm. The oil that was extracted was subjected to a thermal chamber at 1200C to eliminate the content of moisture. Crude Jatropha oil was combined with the conventional diesel in 5 , 10 , 15 , 20 and 25 . Each of the samples was heated with three temperatures 40, 60 and 800C and was identified as JD1, JD2, JD3, JD4, JD5, Crude Jatropha oil CJ and diesel fuel. Results show that two major trends. Firstly, the viscosity of the diesel blends is rising with the concentration of JSO in the diesel. Diesel fuel record viscosity of 3.06mm2 s at 400C. The viscosity of JD1 5 JSO is 5.55 mm2 s which gradually increases to 7.67 mm2 s JD2 , 18.4 mm2 s JD4 , and 24.98 mm2 s JD5 . Crude Jatropha oil CJ has the highest viscosity of 31.15mm2 s at 400C. This pattern is found in all the experimental temperatures 600C and 800C . The 5 JSO mixture DJ1 and the 10 JSO mixture DJ2 consume less fuel as compared to standard diesel at all engine loads. DJ1 draws 68.0 L hr and DJ2 draws 71.0 L hr at 100 load which are much lower than the 80 L hr of diesel. At a load of 25 , DJ1 16.4 L hr is significantly lower than diesel 23 L hr . There is increase in fuel consumption as the ratio percentage of JSO being used in the blend increases between DJ1 and DJ5. To illustrate, FC represents 55.0 L hr in the case of DJ1, 58.5 L hr in the case of DJ2, 62.5 L hr in the case of DJ3, 67.0 L hr in the case of DJ4 and 72.0 L hr in the case of DJ5 75 load . Nasir A. U | Uzoije A. P | Anyanwu J. C | Nwachukwu J. I | Rufai Abdul | Ameh A. Y "Application of Jatropha (Gossypiifolia Linneus) Seed Oil as Additive for the Reduction Fuel Consumption from Diesel Engine Combustion" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100008.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/enviormental-science/100008/application-of-jatropha-gossypiifolia-linneus-seed-oil-as-additive-for-the-reduction-fuel-consumption-from-diesel-engine-combustion/nasir-a-u

The increasing global demand for reliable and sustainable electrical energy has accelerated the development of hybrid renewable energy systems that integrate multiple renewable sources. Among these, photovoltaic PV and wind energy based hybrid systems have gained significant attention due to their complementary nature and improved reliability under variable environmental conditions. This paper presents a comprehensive review of grid connected and standalone hybrid PV–wind energy systems, emphasizing advanced control strategies, maximum power point tracking MPPT techniques, energy storage integration, forecasting methods, and system optimization approaches. Various control methodologies such as Fractional Order PID FOPID , particle swarm optimization PSO , centralized and decentralized controllers, and artificial intelligence based forecasting techniques are critically analyzed. The reviewed studies demonstrate that hybrid PV–wind systems significantly enhance power quality, grid stability, renewable energy utilization, and overall system efficiency compared to single source systems. Furthermore, the integration of energy storage and optimized power electronics improves dynamic performance, reliability, and cost effectiveness. This review highlights recent advancements, identifies research gaps, and provides insights for future development of efficient hybrid renewable energy systems. Prateek Kumar Chouhan | Dr. Nivedita Singh "A Comprehensive Review of Hybrid Photovoltaic - Wind Energy Systems: Control Strategies, MPPT Techniques, and Grid Integration" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100016.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100016/a-comprehensive-review-of-hybrid-photovoltaic--wind-energy-systems-control-strategies-mppt-techniques-and-grid-integration/prateek-kumar-chouhan

The swift growth of digital payment platforms has fundamentally transformed the landscape of financial transactions in India. Although they offer convenience and efficiency, issues surrounding trust and security still impact customer adoption and ongoing usage. This research investigates the elements that affect customer perceptions of trust and security in digital payment platforms, particularly in Bengaluru. Data was gathered from 300 users of digital payment systems through a structured questionnaire. The analysis included factors such as perceived security, privacy safeguards, user friendliness, system dependability, brand credibility and regulatory confidence. Various statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation, regression and Structural Equation Modeling SEM were utilized. The results indicate that perceived security and system dependability are the most significant factors affecting customer trust, which in turn has a notable impact on usage and the intention to continue. This study provides essential insights for digital payment service providers, regulatory bodies and policymakers aimed at enhancing trust and security mechanisms within digital financial ecosystems. Ms. Anusha Kalburgikar | Dr. Srinath T K "Factors Influencing Customer Perception of Trust and Security in Digital Payment Platforms: Evidence from Bengaluru" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100024.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/100024/factors-influencing-customer-perception-of-trust-and-security-in-digital-payment-platforms-evidence-from-bengaluru/ms-anusha-kalburgikar

Artificial intelligence AI is a technology that is rapidly transforming the logistics industry. It refers to the use of algorithms and machine learning to automate and optimize various logistics processes. Artificial intelligence is truly a force to be reckoned with in the logistics industry, bringing incredible opportunities to automate routine tasks, improve efficiency, and reduce costs. AI in logistics revolutionizes operations through intelligent automation, predictive analytics, and optimization, enhancing everything from warehouse management to demand forecasting. The purpose of this paper is to explore the integration of artificial intelligence technology with logistics systems. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Samuel A. Ajayi | Janet O. Sadiku "Artificial Intelligence in Logistics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100003.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/100003/artificial-intelligence-in-logistics/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Hatha Yoga, a branch of Yogic science that focuses on Aasanas Physical postures and Pranayama Breathing techniques , Mudras Gestures and Samadhi Dhyana Meditations . Has a big deep rooted ancient Indian traditional history from thousands of years. Aims of Ayurveda and Yoga are same i.e, attainment of salvation. Health is main root through which, one can achieve salvation. Hatha yoga which helps in controlling the physical body later leads to control over mind which enhance all over development of wellbeing, prevention of health and cure of various disease. In this review contains brief knowledge about parts of Hatha Yoga likes Aasana, Pranayama, Mudras, Samadhi Dhyana, etc. and its therapeutic indications in various diseases. Vd. Swapnil Prabhakar Shinde | Dr. Anjali Nandkishor Pawar | Dr. Atul Laxman Chaudhari "Therapeutic Indications of Hatha Yoga’s in Various Disorders" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100015.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100015/therapeutic-indications-of-hatha-yoga’s-in-various-disorders/vd-swapnil-prabhakar-shinde

This study examines government expenditure on Bayelsa state economy from 2015 2023. The research design used in this research work is ex post facto. Multiple regression analysis was used to establish a long run relationship between government expenditure and real gross domestic product in Bayelsa state. In the short run, the study reveals that government capital expenditure on Bayelsa state economy is positive and significant and this may be as a result of proper management of funds meant for capital projects in the state. For the re current expenditure, the impact has been consistent being positive and significant on real gross domestic product in Bayelsa state. Also, the estimated result shows that the joint effect of the explanatory variables is statistically significant. That is, government expenditure has a significant impact on Bayelsa state economy. The following recommendations are made based on the researcher’s findings There is a need for the establishment of an appropriate institution that will be responsible for monitoring the disbursement and the usage of government allocation for the development of manpower in the country. To sustain positive and significant relationship between fiscal policy and manpower development in the country, there is a need for more proactive measures within the public sectors to ensure disbursement and usage of government allocation to the manpower development. Dr. Question Christiana | Dr. Odogu Laime Isaac "Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Bayelsa State" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100039.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/100039/government-expenditure-and-economic-growth-in-bayelsa-state/dr-question-christiana

Hyperuricemia is an increasingly prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by elevated serum uric acid levels exceeding 6.8 mg dl and is a major risk factor for gout, renal disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Although hyperuricemia is well defined in modern medicine as a disorder of purine metabolism or impaired renal excretion of uric acid, there is no direct disease entity described in Ayurveda corresponding to hyperuricemia. Hence, understanding this condition through Ayurvedic principles requires an analysis of Dosha, Dhatu, Srotas, and Agni involved in its pathogenesis. This conceptual review attempts to elucidate the applied physiology and etiopathogenesis of hyperuricemia in the light of classical Ayurvedic principles. A detailed review of Ayurvedic literature was undertaken to interpret hyperuricemia from the perspective of Panchamahabhuta predominance, Agni Vaigunya, and Dosha–Dushya Sammurchana. Parallels have been drawn between modern concepts of uric acid metabolism and Ayurvedic descriptions of Vidagdha Pitta, Rakta Dushti, and Vata Prakopa, particularly in relation to Purvarupa of Pittadhika Vatarakta. Hyperuricemia, especially in its asymptomatic stage, is proposed to represent an early stage of Samprapti rather than a distinct Vyadhi, functioning as a precursor for metabolic disorders such as gouty arthritis. The review aims to throw a light on ayurvedic understanding of hyperuricemia. Understanding hyperuricemia through this integrative approach may help in early diagnosis and formulation of preventive and therapeutic strategies based on Ayurvedic principles. Thushara. R | Arun Pratap | Kasthuri Nair. A "Ayurvedic Perspective on Hyperuricemia: Linking Classical Concepts with Contemporary Evidence - A Review Article" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100010.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100010/ayurvedic-perspective-on-hyperuricemia-linking-classical-concepts-with-contemporary-evidence--a-review-article/thushara-r

Socialism is a well acclaimed concept in the modern world. The idea of Socialism has been prevailing in the world since the ancient times. We find many examples of Socialism in ancient and medieval era of human civilization. But the concept was neither studied nor established scientifically in any part of the world. It was Karl Marx who evolved the term in systematic way and analysed the whole concept of Socialism from the logical point of view. His two great works in the form of Communist Manifesto and Das Capital published in 1848 and 1867 respectively is regarded as the earmark in the development of Scientific Socialism. The idea of Socialism became popular with the innovative philosophy like class less society and community life. The freedom fighters of India were largely influenced from this concept. Many Indian leaders and freedom fighters like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Manabendra Nath Roy, Joy Prakash Narayan, Yusuf Meherally, Ram Monohar Lohia, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, etc. was influenced by Marxian view of Socialism and as such they worked for establishment of a Socialistic Society in India. Among these leaders, Pandit Nehru was lucky enough to become the First Prime Minister of independent India. He tried his best to lead the country to the height of development and to establish equality in the society. His dream was to make bridge between rich and poor and to provide equal status in all respect of state life. Therefore we had come forward with a vision to adopt socialistic policy with a slide different concept. This led to the discussion of Pandit Nehru’s perspectives of Socialism in India and to explore the objectives behind it. Dr. Abdus Sobur "An Analysis on Socialist Perspectives of Pandit Nehru and its Relevance Today" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100043.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/100043/an-analysis-on-socialist-perspectives-of-pandit-nehru-and-its-relevance-today/dr-abdus-sobur

PROBLEM STATEMENT “A descriptive study to assess the knowledge of Nursing officers regarding the effectiveness of Telehealth Nursing in selected hospital of Dehradun.” OBJECTIVES To assess the level of knowledge of Nursing officers regarding the effectiveness of telehealth nursing in the selected hospital of Dehradun. To determine the association between knowledge of Nursing officers regarding the effectiveness of telehealth nursing and selected demographic variables. Mohd. Sahil | Gunjan Joshi | Prerna Singh | Ashish Karotia | Bipin Kushwaha | Ayush Gairola | Vishal Kumar | Golu Kumar "A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge of Nursing Officers Regarding the Effectiveness of Tele-Health Nursing in Selected Hospital of Dehradun" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100031.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/100031/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-of-nursing-officers-regarding-the-effectiveness-of-telehealth-nursing-in-selected-hospital-of-dehradun/mohd-sahil

Companies are making big inversions in technology to have more efficient marketing. The past few years have reshaped what marketing teams expect from their technology. Emerging marketing technologies are impacting marketing professionals in a profound way, with each technology offering distinct advantages and challenges. The marketing technology landscape is evolving at an unprecedented pace and is more crowded than ever, with thousands of solutions vying for attention. Yet, only a select few are truly transformative. This paper dives deep into the most impactful emerging marketing technologies. It offers practical implementation tips for marketers to leverage these powerful marketing technologies. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Emerging Technologies in Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100060.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100060/emerging-technologies-in-marketing/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Online courses in higher academic continuing education are characterized by four salient challenges which are ill defined curriculum orientation, homogenized curriculum development, mechanistic curriculum implementation, and unitary curriculum evaluation. LI Wenxian "Research on Optimization Strategies of Online Courses for Higher Academic Continuing Education Based on Learners Needs" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100027.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100027/research-on-optimization-strategies-of-online-courses-for-higher-academic-continuing-education-based-on-learners-needs/li-wenxian

Anorexia nervosa is a sever eating disorder characterized by self induced weight loss, distorted body image, and intense fer of weight gain. It has the highest mortality rate among psychiatric illness. Though anorexia nervosa is not described as a distinct disease entity in classical Ayurvedic texts, its symptomatology can be understood through the concepts of Mano Vibhrama, Manodosha Vaishamya, and Nija Unmada. This review aims to interpret anorexia nervosa through Ayurvedic principles and explore the scope of Sattvavajaya and Yuktivyapashraya Chikitsa in its management, along with insights from contemporary psychiatric literature. Angel Grace Chacko | Arun Pratap | Aparna Chandran "Anorexia Nervosa, Through the Lens of Ayurveda: A Literary Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100038.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100038/anorexia-nervosa-through-the-lens-of-ayurveda-a-literary-review/angel-grace-chacko

Purpose of the Study This study aims to analyze the year wise trends and sector wise allocation patterns of Corporate Social Responsibility CSR expenditure by South Eastern Coalfields Limited SECL from 2019–20 to 2023–24. This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness and strategic focus of SECL’s CSR investments in addressing community development needs. Drawing on the triple bottom line perspective, the study assesses how CSR resources are allocated across social, environmental, and economic dimensions in a public sector coal mining enterprise, contributing to the extractive industries literature. Methodology The study adopts a quantitative descriptive–analytical approach, using secondary data from SECL’s CSR and annual reports 2019–2024 . SECL was purposively selected as the sole sample due to its strategic importance in India’s coal sector. Regression analysis, ANOVA, and post hoc tests were applied to examine temporal trends and sectoral differences in CSR expenditure across healthcare, education, environmental sustainability, and rural development. Main Findings The findings indicate a statistically significant increase in SECL’s CSR expenditure from 31.8 crore to 53.0 crore during 2019–20 to 2023–24, with an average annual rise of about 5 crore. Sectoral allocation remains uneven, with healthcare receiving the highest share and environmental sustainability consistently underfunded these disparities are statistically significant, reflecting targeted CSR prioritisation. Applications of this Study By applying regression and ANOVA based inferential analysis, the study moves beyond descriptive reporting to statistically examine trends and sectoral variations in CSR allocation. This study provides actionable insights for policymakers, corporate practitioners, and civil society organizations to optimize CSR investments. This underscores the need for a balanced sectoral focus, stronger monitoring mechanisms, and enhanced stakeholder engagement to maximize social and environmental returns in mining communities. Originality of this Study By combining trend analysis with sectoral expenditure assessment within the legally mandated CSR framework, this study offers a unique evidence based evaluation of SECL’s CSR practices, contributing to the academic literature and guiding better governance practices in India’s mining sector. Deepak Kurmi | Swamini Upadhyay | Dr. Krishna Kumar Sharma "The 2% Policy Test: Statistical Assessment of SECL’s Sectoral CSR Allocation for Mining Communities (2019–2024)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100044.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/100044/the-2-policy-test-statistical-assessment-of-secl’s-sectoral-csr-allocation-for-mining-communities-2019–2024/deepak-kurmi

A fundamental component of fair and high quality education, inclusive education places a strong emphasis on meeting the needs of a variety of learners in regular classroom settings. Pre service teachers attitudes regarding inclusive education in relation to gender, location, and academic track are investigated in this study. The study used a descriptive survey approach and included a sample of 220 pre service teachers using stratified sampling from four teacher education institutions in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, out of a total population of 600. In the present study, data collection has been completed using a structured questionnaire. The data were gathered systematically and analyzed under expert supervision. To ensure accuracy and reliability, the researcher employed descriptive statistical techniques along with the independent sample t test for data analysis. The primary objective of this research was to examine the influence of demographic variables on pre service teachers’ attitudes toward inclusive education. The findings indicate that there is no significant difference in perceptions among pre service teachers regarding inclusive practices. Furthermore, variables such as gender male and female , location, urban and rural and academic stream arts and science were considered to analyze variations in pre service teachers’ attitudes. Appropriate descriptive statistical tools were applied to interpret the data. The results reveal that pre service teachers demonstrate a positive and consistent attitude toward inclusive education... .NEP 2020 and the Draft National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education NCF TE 2023, it suggests that inclusive pedagogy, reflection exercises, and practical experience be used to further improve inclusive education components in teacher training programs. Ms. Nagma Khatun | Mrs. Eliza Bhoi | Dr. Ashok Kumar Digal "Perception of Pre Service Teachers Towards Inclusive Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100041.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100041/perception-of-pre-service-teachers-towards-inclusive-education/ms-nagma-khatun

Introduction Coronary Artery Disease involves atherosclerotic plaque formation in lumen causing impairment of blood flow to myocardium and is a major cause of death having incidence of 7 –13 urban and 2–7 rural. Persistent pulmonary inflammation leads to low grade systemic inflammation, influencing blood vessels, triggering coronary artery disease CAD and release of pro inflammatory mediators and cytokines into the circulation stimulate the production and release of acute phase proteins and inflammatory cells, resulting in a state of low grade systemic inflammation and this has an impact on blood vessels, encouraging the instability and rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and precipitating sudden cardiac and cerebral events. There is even significant influence of anti asthmatic medications on CAD development. Materials and Methods An open labelled, single arm, prospective observational case study. A 74 year old male complained of hrudshoola, arohana ayasa, padashotha, parshvashoola and kasa since 3 years with a history of adulthood asthma and hypertension 15 years and was on medication for the same. He was diagnosed with CAD – triple vessel disease s p CABG, mild LV systolic dysfunction and grade I diastolic dysfunction. He visited Kayachikitsa OPD TGAMC, Ballari. On the same day, spirometry showed severe bronchial obstruction with normal chest X ray. He was treated with Tulasi churna 1 tsf OD with ushna jala before food for 7 days. After attaining nirama avastha, sadyovirechana with Nimbamrutadi castor oil 50 ml with 100 ml milk was given and number of vegas were 8. Next day, sthanika abhyanga over urah pradesha with salavana murchita tila taila followed by nadisweda was done for 7 days. Then shamanaushadhi like Hinguvachadi churna 1 tsf TID with ushna jala before food, Punarnavasava 60 ml TID with 60 ml ushna jala after food and Prabhakara vati 2 BD with ushna jala after food as hrudrasayana was given for 69 days. Observations and Results Subjective improvement was seen in shotha, ayasa and hrudshoola, and objective improvement was seen in spirometry with changes from severe obstruction to moderate obstruction, with improvement in FEV1 FVC from 56 to 72 . Discussion and Conclusion Alkaloids and glycosides present in Tulasi churna act as cardiostimulants. It is a proven bronchodilator and immunomodulator. Tulasi, due to its teekshna and ushna guna, acts as vata kapha hara and shwasa hara, and due to tikta guna acts as hridya. Salavana taila sthanika abhyanga and nadi sweda cause kaphavilayana and their swedana effect causes vasodilation, thereby improving blood flow and correcting oxygen mismatch. Hinguvachadi churna acts as vaatanulomana, shothahara, hridshoolahara and does srotovishodhana, thus correcting vimarga gamana of udana and vyana vata. Punarnavasava is anti inflammatory, shothahara, acts on high cholesterol and is kasahara. Prabhakara vati is a hrudrogahara rasayana, does hrudbalya and due to its yogavahi property acts on high cholesterol, asthma and inflammation. Dr. Fareeda Begum Shaikh | Dr. Sumayya Begum "Effect of Ayurvedic Add on Management in Adulthood Bronchial Asthama Leading to Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Old Age - A Single Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100076.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100076/effect-of-ayurvedic-add-on-management-in-adulthood-bronchial-asthama-leading-to-risk-of-coronary-artery-disease-in-old-age--a-single-case-study/dr-fareeda-begum-shaikh

Recent reductions in international donor funding, including significant cuts to United States foreign assistance, have intensified uncertainty and organisational change across the humanitarian and development sectors. United Nations agencies and international non governmental organisations operating in Sub Saharan Africa have been particularly affected, with funding shortfalls triggering widespread organisational restructuring. These changes have manifested in contract terminations and non renewals, personnel relocation and job downgrading, and forced early retirement, raising growing concerns about the psychosocial well being of affected personnel. Despite increasing recognition of duty of care within humanitarian systems, empirical research capturing the lived experiences of personnel navigating such funding driven disruptions remains limited, particularly within African operational contexts.This study explores the effects of funding cuts, uncertainty, and organisational change on the psychosocial well being of UN and INGO personnel in Sub Saharan Africa. A qualitative research design was employed, drawing on semi structured interviews with twenty personnel members from UN agencies and international non governmental organisations. Data were collected between November and December 2025 and analysed using thematic analysis to capture shared patterns of meaning across participants’ narratives.The study focuses on three key restructuring pathways contract terminations and non renewals, relocation and downgrading, and forced early retirement. By foregrounding personnel perspectives, the research provides significant insights into emotional distress, identity disruption, coping processes, and resilience in the context of organisational uncertainty. The findings contribute to the emerging literature on humanitarian workforce well being and offer evidence based implications for organisational change management, psychosocial support, and ethical leadership within UN and INGO settings in Sub Saharan Africa. Azinwi Terence Niba "Funding Cuts, Uncertainty, and Organisational Change: Effects on the Psychosocial Well-Being of UN/INGO Personnel in Sub-Saharan Africa" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100049.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/psychology/100049/funding-cuts-uncertainty-and-organisational-change-effects-on-the-psychosocial-wellbeing-of-uningo-personnel-in-subsaharan-africa/azinwi-terence-niba

This study evaluates the fluoride concentration in the groundwater of ten selected villages within the Wazeerpur Tehsil of Sawai Madhopur district, Rajasthan. Rajasthans unique geological landscape, characterized by fluoride rich minerals and a semi arid climate, poses a significant risk for endemic fluorosis.Groundwater samples were collected from tube wells T W and open wells O W across villages including Math, Meri, Phulwara, Kunsay, Raipur, Khandeep, Shekhpur, Kharera, Chhakra, and Kherla. The samples were analyzed following standard protocols and compared against the Bureau of Indian Standards BIS IS 10500 2012. Furthermore, the study explores the potential of wheat husk as a sustainable adsorbent for de fluoridation. Ganga Shy Meena "An Analysis of Fluoride Concentration in Ground Water of Villages Kherla, Chhakra, Sekhpur, Kherara, Raipur, Math, Kusay, Meri, Phulwara, Khandeep (Rajasthan)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100050.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/100050/an-analysis-of-fluoride-concentration-in-ground-water-of-villages-kherla-chhakra-sekhpur-kherara-raipur-math-kusay-meri-phulwara-khandeep-rajasthan/ganga-shy-meena

In the present era, maintaining liver health is increasingly important due to the modern lifestyle choices and auto immune disorders. Ayurveda advocates many hepatoprotective medicines for various liver disorders. Kamala is an ayurvedic clinical condition characterized by yellowish discoloration of eyes, skin and sclera, and can be classified as Koshtasrita Kamala and Sakhasritha Kamala. Koshtasrita Kamala can be crosslinked with hemolytic jaundice due to its similarities in signs and symptoms. Drakshadi Lehya is a polyherbal preparation which can act as Mridu Virechana as well as Rasayana in a patient with Kamala. It exhibits rejuvenative and hepatoprotective actions and is helpful in pacifying Pitta Dosha. It is in Lehya form, a preparation with good palatability, easy mode of administration and better absorption capacity. Here an attempt is carried out to explore the hepatoprotective action of Drakshadi Lehya in addressing symptoms of Koshtasrita Kamala. Dr. Jayalakshmi Venugopal | Dr. Arjun Chand C. P. | Dr. Aparna Chandran | Dr. Arun Pratap "A Critical Review on Probable Mode of Action of Drakshadi Lehya in Koshtasrita Kamala w.s.r.t Hemolytic Jaundice" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100025.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100025/a-critical-review-on-probable-mode-of-action-of-drakshadi-lehya-in-koshtasrita-kamala-wsrt-hemolytic-jaundice/dr-jayalakshmi-venugopal

Quantitative research approach with descriptive research design was used in the study. The study was conducted in the selected schools of Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Total sampling was done to collect data from 100 participants by using a demographic profile, and a structured knowledge questionnaire. The study employed a non probability purposive sampling technique to select the sample of 100 mothers residing in the identified slum areas of Dehradun. The selection criteria included mothers with at least one school aged child 6–12 years who were willing to participate. Ethical clearance was obtained from the relevant Institutional Ethics Committee, and formal administrative permission was secured from local authorities in the selected slum areas. Data collection was conducted over a period of four weeks, following an initial pilot study to ensure the reliability and validity of the structured knowledge questionnaire. Anas | Preeti Negi | Prachi | Prashant | Preeti Pundir | Priya | Rahnuma "A Study to Assess the Level of Knowledge Regarding Childhood Lifestyle Disorder among Mothers of School Aged Childrens in Slum Areas of Dehradun, Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100032.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/100032/a-study-to-assess-the-level-of-knowledge-regarding-childhood-lifestyle-disorder-among-mothers-of-school-aged-childrens-in-slum-areas-of-dehradun-uttarakhand/anas

Mutravriddhi Hydrocele is a prevalent condition encountered in the surgical department. It involves an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the tunica vaginalis, situated between the parietal and visceral layers. This condition is quite common and can lead to scrotal swelling and discomfort in men however, the rupture of a Hydrocele is an unusual occurrence in standard clinical practice. It results from a disruption in the balance of fluid secretion and reabsorption within the tunica vaginalis. Simply put, it represents a type of swelling in the skin pouch that contains the testicles, known as the scrotum. In this paper, we have conducted a comprehensive review study on Mutravriddhi Hydrocele from both traditional and modern scientific perspectives. Dr. Dinesh Ashok Mali | Dr. Kunal Pravin Patil | Dr. Atul Laxman Chaudhari "A Comprehensive Review on Mutra Vriddhi W.S.R. Hydrocele" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100045.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100045/a-comprehensive-review-on-mutra-vriddhi-wsr-hydrocele/dr-dinesh-ashok-mali

Robotic process automation RPA refers to the use of software robots to automate highly repetitive and routine tasks that were traditionally performed by humans. It has emerged as a groundbreaking technology with the potential to revolutionize various operational facets of organizations, including marketing. This cutting edge approach to automation is revolutionizing the way organizations execute their processes, ushering in a new era of efficiency and operational excellence. By using this transformative technology, organizations can boost operational efficiency, increase accuracy, and foster innovation, setting themselves up for long term success in a constantly evolving market. By automating repetitive tasks, RPA enables marketing teams to focus on more strategic and creative efforts. This paper investigates the adoption of RPA in marketing operations, exploring its impact on efficiency, data accuracy, and overall effectiveness. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Robotic Process Automation in Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100061.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100061/robotic-process-automation-in-marketing/matthew-n-o-sadiku

In this paper we introduce the concept of density topology in a tritopological space and derive some relevant separation properties involving the density topology. S. K. Biswas | N. Akhter "Density Topology in Tritopological Spaces" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100083.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/100083/density-topology-in-tritopological-spaces/s-k-biswas

Autonomous technology is the systems that can control vehicles without constant physical control or a human operator directing the vehicle. Autonomous vehicles AVs have great potential in healthcare to enhance efficiency, accessibility, safety, and operational resiliency. A few of the applications include medical supply delivery, patient transportation, mobile clinics serving underserved populations, and contactless operations in sensitive or high risk areas. The introduction of AVs into healthcare can maximize operational performance in the field and complement the experiences of healthcare personnel and patients. Nevertheless, the influence of AV adoption on the populations health can be either positive or negative, depending on many determinants, including the degree of automation, ownership and usage schemes, and propulsion type e.g., internal combustion, hybrid, or electric . This report provides a detailed background on the analogous implementation, usage, advantages, difficulties, and prospects of autonomous vehicle technologies in the healthcare industry. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | David Padi | Janet O. Sadiku "Autonomous Vehicles in Healthcare" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100062.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100062/autonomous-vehicles-in-healthcare/matthew-n-o-sadiku

According to Ayurveda, Tridosha, Saptadhatu, Trimal are fundamental factors of the body. 1 Ayurveda is a science that deals with both the therapeutic and preventive aspects of human health . Dosha Dushya Sammurchchhana is important in the aetiology of disease that are of major relevance in both the therapeutic and preventive aspects. Vyadhiutpatti has been considered as the process of disease manifestation. It consists of consecutive stage of pathogenesis resulting into disease. Knowledge of Khavaigunya explains how the vitiated Doshas stagnates in a particular part of the body to produce disease, leaving aside other part of the body. Here the present study is the review of our classical Ayurveda text that includes concept of Shatkriyakala, detailed explanation of Strotodushti and its types, explanation of Khavaigunya and Dosha Dushya Samurchchhna in the manifestation of disease. Dr. Saurabh Suryakant Barkule | Dr. Amol Kamthe | Dr. Nandlal Topandas Kundnani | Dr. Pournima Barkule (Kadam) "Effect of Dosha-Dushya Sammurchchhana in the Pathogenesis of Disease" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100065.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100065/effect-of-doshadushya-sammurchchhana-in-the-pathogenesis-of-disease/dr-saurabh-suryakant-barkule

A chatbot, or bot, is programmed to look for specific text or voice input and reply with preset answers. Rule based chatbots are a much older form of conversational support, relying on keyword based if then logic and structured scripts. Chatbot marketing or bot marketing is a digital marketing strategy that involves using chatbots to promote products, services, or brands. It is based on artificial intelligence or rule based assistants designed to automate and enhance marketing tasks. It leverages automated messaging to engage customers specifically in marketing and sales processes. It helps brands and customers engage more closely by resolving a complaint or problem. Available 24 7 across a multitude of platforms, chatbots tailor customer conversations with the ultimate goal of generating leads, promoting sales, and providing valuable support and information. This paper presents how chatbots can be successfully implemented in marketing. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Chatbot Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100063.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100063/chatbot-marketing/matthew-n-o-sadiku

The Internet of things IoT basically describes the billions of physical devices all around the globe that are connected to the Internet, which gather and share data. IoT devices could be smartphones, laptops, tablets, computers, smart TVs, vehicles, smart home appliances, door locks, wearable devices like smartwatches, heart and blood pressure monitors. These devices use sensors and actuators to collect and exchange data from their environments with each other devices through the Internet. IoT provides an opportunity to improve a product or marketing strategy, while simultaneously enhancing customer experience and providing a unique approach. It enables marketers to create totally different experiences in bridging the digital and physical world. This paper helps you to understand the concept of Internet of things IoT and its role in marketing. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Internet of Things in Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100064.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100064/internet-of-things-in-marketing/matthew-n-o-sadiku

This study assessed the status of instructional leadership of school heads and its relationship with teachers’ self efficacy in selected schools within the Tudela District, Camotes, Cebu Province Division for the School Year 2024 2025. The study utilized a descriptive correlational research design. An adapted and modified questionnaire was employed to gather data and analyze the correlation between instructional leadership and self efficacy. The school heads were aged 41–50, females, married, master’s degree holders, with 6–10 years of experience, and had attended national level training. The teachers were aged 31–40, female, held a master’s degree, had 6–10 years of service, received an outstanding performance rating, and participated in division level training. Results indicated that school heads demonstrated a high level of instructional leadership in resource provision, instructional support, communication, and supervision. Teachers exhibited a strong sense of self efficacy in instructional strategies and learner engagement, while classroom management was rated as moderately extensive among teachers and highly extensive among school heads. A significant relationship was found between instructional leadership and teachers’ self efficacy, underscoring the crucial role of effective leadership in fostering teacher confidence and instructional effectiveness. The study concludes that instructional leadership positively influences teachers’ self efficacy. It is recommended that the proposed Instructional Plan be utilized to enhance instructional leadership practices, strengthen teacher development, and improve overall teaching and learning outcomes. Lela Joanna T. Otadoy "Associating Instructional Leadership of School Heads and Self Efficacy of Teachers: Pivotal Outcomes" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100072.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100072/associating-instructional-leadership-of-school-heads-and-self-efficacy-of-teachers-pivotal-outcomes/lela-joanna-t-otadoy

Non communicable diseases NCDs contribute to 71 of all global mortality, making them the primary cause of death 1 , with circulatory problems, cancers, chronic airway diseases, and diabetes being the most common types. The primary reasons for this increase in the disease include inactive lifestyles, unhealthy diets, tobacco and alcohol use, urbanisation, and an ageing population. The most effective way to prevent and manage NCDs is through a healthy lifestyle, which includes diet and exercise. Although medication is used for treatment, non pharmacological interventions such as lifestyle changes are crucial for controlling the disease and improving a patients life condition. Objective The present study aims to evaluate the degree of understanding regarding preventive lifestyle practices for NCDs among hospital management students and to evaluate their attitudes towards embracing healthy living practices to prevent NCDs and to check any association between knowledge and attitude towards preventive lifestyle practices for NCDs among the students. Materials and methods used A cross sectional research design was employed for the study which was conducted in an urban college in Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal. A predesigned, semi structured Google form questionnaire was administered to the students online, to assess their baseline knowledge and attitude towards preventive lifestyle practices for non communicable diseases. Microsoft Excel and Stata 15 software was used to compile and examine the data and appropriate statistical method like Chi square test, was applied. Results 55.33 of the participants showed high knowledge level regarding NCD risk factors and prevention, while 68 showed positive attitude. Participants with higher levels of knowledge were more inclined to demonstrate a health seeking attitude. 84.3 , while those with moderate or poor knowledge showed a higher proportion of neutral or negative attitudes. Conclusion Worldwide, the prevalence of non communicable diseases NCDs a leading cause of morbidity and premature death is growing. Non contagious illnesses and their threats are largely caused by socioeconomic issues, which can be particularly important in emerging nations like India. Though the current study did not show significant association among types of family, or history of NCD in family or types of living style, due to reduced sample size yet by comprehending these perspectives from the study, researchers hope to create successful interventions that can encourage healthy behaviours at a young age, ultimately assisting in lowering the burden of NCDs in the future and supporting Sustainable Development Goal 3 SDG 3 , which seeks to guarantee everyones health and well being. Dr. Madhurima Kundu "Knowledge and Attitude Toward Preventive Lifestyle Practices for NCDs Among Hospital Management Students: A Cross-Sectional Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100026.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/100026/knowledge-and-attitude-toward-preventive-lifestyle-practices-for-ncds-among-hospital-management-students-a-crosssectional-study/dr-madhurima-kundu

Ayurveda is a bygone science of life. It has its own basic concepts like Dosha, Dhatu, Mala, Agni, Ama, etc. Ama plays a major role as a causing factor of so many diseases. The knowledge about causative factors of disease helps to decide a better line of treatment. Due to Agnimandya digestion of food doesn’t takes place properly and this further leads to the production of Ama. Therefore, Agnimandya leads to the production of Ama and vice versa. Basically, Ama is considered as Apakva Ahara Rasa which is produced due to Mandagni. Further, it circulates all over the body through Srotas causing Srotovaigunya, and plays a major role in the manifestation of various diseases. The Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala depraved by Ama are known as Sama Dosha, Sama Dushya, and Saama Mala. If the line of treatment for the disease is planned by understanding the concept of Sama and Nirama, it would give a better result. In this review article, the concept of Ama is described from different Ayurveda Samhita’s and texts. Ayurveda attributes the cause of any disease to an imbalance in one or all of the Dosha and for successful treatment of a particular disease Vaidya has to determine, whether the imbalanced Dosha is Saama or Nirama. In this review, the article covers all points related to Ama from Samhita and available latest literature from the internet. Keywords Ama, Saama, Nirama, Agni, Agnimandya, Apakva Ahara Rasa. Dr. Avinash Sanjay Kadam | Dr. Ravindra Govindrao Deshmukh | Dr. Rajkumar L Tamkhane | Dr. Dnyaneshwar Gulab Jadhav "Understanding Concept of Ama from Ayurveda" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100073.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100073/understanding-concept-of-ama-from-ayurveda/dr-avinash-sanjay-kadam

In underdeveloped economies, it is common that entrepreneurial decision making is inhibited by a high degree of uncertainty, inaccessibility of timely and predictable information, infrastructural shortages, as well as ineffective institutional support. In such contexts, Strategic Management Intelligence Systems SMIS that combine business intelligence, data analytics, artificial intelligence and strategic foresight mechanization have become important in facilitating informed and adaptive decision making. This paper explores the relevance of SMIS in the quality of entrepreneurial decisions, strategic responsiveness, and competitive positioning in the underdeveloped economies. The study follows an integrative framework to explore the effectiveness of the systems that use intelligence in identifying opportunities and financial planning, market analysis, and strategic fit in the context of resource constraints. The method used is a mixed methodological approach which integrates the system architecture analysis, decision performance indicator analysis, as well as simulated entrepreneurial scenarios which are indicative of underdeveloped market environments. The results show that entrepreneurs who make use of SMIS have a better strategic awareness, are able to react to the environmental factors faster, they have a better capacity to evaluate risks and are more aligned between the strategic intent and the operational implementation. The research also indicates that contextual factors including data literacy, organizational culture, technological preparedness, and managerial intelligence have a strong impact on the SMIS effectiveness. The SMIS can offer a feasible solution to the structural and informational challenges of the entrepreneur by facilitating sustainable entrepreneurial growth and enhancing the effectiveness of the decisions made by the entrepreneur. The study provides a contribution to the strategic management and entrepreneurship literature by providing a situation specific intelligence framework and business tips to entrepreneurs, policymakers, and development stakeholders interested in expanding decision making capacity, as well as financial resiliency in underdeveloped economies. Adam Swidan "Strategic Management Intelligence Systems: Enhancing Entrepreneurial Decision-Making in Underdeveloped Economies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100077.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/100077/strategic-management-intelligence-systems-enhancing-entrepreneurial-decisionmaking-in-underdeveloped-economies/adam-swidan

Immersive technology is the interaction of advanced software, devices, and data allowing users to experience information in new and empowering ways. Augmented reality, virtual reality, and mixed reality are tools available today to elevate an organization’s capabilities, competitiveness, and agility. They allow for engaging storytelling through interactive journeys, virtual experiences, or brand narratives that consumers can participate in. These technologies allow customers to explore and interact with a product immersively. They provide innovative ways for brands to engage with their audiences. Immersive marketing uses augmented reality, virtual reality, and mixed reality to create engaging, interactive experiences. It invites people into an experience to discover a new product or service. In this paper, we will explore how leading brands are leveraging augmented reality and virtual reality to create captivating marketing experiences. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Samuel A. Ajayi | Janet O. Sadiku "Immersive Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100059.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/100059/immersive-marketing/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Robotic process automation RPA involves the use of software robots to automate routine tasks that were traditionally performed by human workers. In the telecom sector, these tasks often include data entry, invoicing, order processing, and customer service operations. RPA in telecom has emerged as a game changing solution, enabling telecom companies to automate repetitive tasks, reduce operational costs, and improve service efficiency. At the most basic level, RPA automates simple data entry tasks that the telecom industry abounds in. RPA allows telecom companies to focus more on innovation and less on manual labor. This automation leads to improved efficiency, lower operational costs, streamlined billing processes, accurate billing, and enhanced customer satisfaction. This paper examines the role of RPA in telecommunications. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Robotic Process Automation in Telecommunications" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100096.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100096/robotic-process-automation-in-telecommunications/matthew-n-o-sadiku

This study advances the understanding of consumer behavior in emerging markets by examining the determinants of purchase intention for SOBRAGA beer in Gabon through an integrated theoretical lens combining the Theory of Planned Behavior and perceived value theory. Primary data from 258 respondents, characterized by a dominant young adult demographic 26–30 years 37.2 with strong purchasing power, reveal a prevalent beer consumption culture 76 are occasional drinkers, with SOBRAGA consumed weekly 24.3 or sometimes 29.5 . Notably, Régab emerges as the most preferred brand 95 of men 57 of women , though 21 report rare purchases, highlighting latent market potential. Employing structural equation modeling, the research tests a framework where perceived value mediates the influence of subjective norms, perceived price, and perceived behavioral control on purchase intention. The findings confirm significant positive effects of perceived price and subjective norms, while perceived behavioral control exhibits a significant negative impact. Mediation analysis reveals that perceived value partially mediates the effects of perceived price and perceived behavioral control, but not the influence of subjective norms. The model demonstrates strong empirical support, with five of seven hypothesized paths validated. These findings yield substantive theoretical and practical contributions. Theoretically, the study validates an integrated model in an under researched Central African context, enriching the literature on alcoholic beverage consumption in emerging economies. Managerially, SOBRAGA is advised to adopt value based pricing strategies, amplify social influence through targeted communications and local influencers, and convert infrequent purchasers. From a policy perspective, collaboration between Gabonese authorities and domestic brewers could promote responsible consumption while enhancing national brand allegiance. The study thus provides a empirically grounded framework for academics and actionable insights for practitioners aiming to shape consumer behavior in similar markets. Batoto Oulabou Gwenaelle "Factors Affecting Customer Purchasing Intention Towards Domestic Beer Brand for SOBRAGA Company in Gabon: The Mediating Role of Perceived Value" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100057.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/consumer-behaviour/100057/factors-affecting-customer-purchasing-intention-towards-domestic-beer-brand-for-sobraga-company-in-gabon-the-mediating-role-of-perceived-value/batoto-oulabou-gwenaelle

Big data refers to the large volume of data generated every second from digital interactions, devices, and systems. It encompasses both structured and unstructured data and includes text, images, video, and more. In marketing, big data refers to large volumes of customer information collected from various sources, such as digital platforms, websites, and apps, about customer behavior, interactions, and preferences. For marketing organizations, big data is the fundamental consequence of the new marketing landscape, born from the digital world we now live in. The more data a marketer has, the greater their ability to make precise predictions, create personalized marketing strategies, and drive more customer engagement. With predictive analytics, advanced analytics tools, and data driven decisions, marketers can use big data to stay ahead of their competition. Big data can improve the profitability and competitiveness of organizations by extending market knowledge and strategic marketing insight. This paper explores what big data is and how it can improve marketing activities. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Samuel A. Ajayi | Janet O. Sadiku "Big Data Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100058.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/100058/big-data-marketing/matthew-n-o-sadiku

The modern analytical environments are getting more fragmented today, which results in a necessity of smooth transition between SQL, Python and C . The above techniques also known as Large Language Models LLMs allow natural language NL interface for the systems however they have tendency to fill the gap with hallucinations and unreliable generation of code. The paper introduces the Language Independent Framework LIF , which is capable of converting a natural language intent to typed, validated intermediate representation IR which does not execute like executable code. The LIF framework combines deterministic compilation and strong guardrails for high semantic precision across heterogeneous backends integration with machine learning models presented in standardized formats like ONNX. Lakshay Malhotra "Optimizing the Analytical Lifecycle" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100095.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100095/optimizing-the-analytical-lifecycle/lakshay-malhotra

This study investigates the determinants of academic adaptation and retention among international students in Japanese higher education, employing a Mixed Methods Research MMR design to provide evidence based insights for institutional management. In the quantitative phase n = 177 , multivariate regression analysis and structural equation modeling SEM were utilized to examine the causal relationships between Japanese language proficiency, social capital bonding, bridging, and linking , and institutional support systems. The statistical results demonstrate that linguistic barriers significantly inhibit the formation of linking capital relationships with faculty and administrative staff , which serves as a critical predictor of institutional commitment and dropout risk. In the qualitative phase n = 40 , semi structured interviews were analyzed using text mining techniques to quantify and visualize the psychological and social processes underlying the statistical models. By integrating these findings, the study maps the structural vulnerabilities in student support under crisis conditions e.g., COVID 19 . The findings offer actionable, data driven recommendations for Teaching and Learning Management TLM , including the development of predictive models for student attrition and the optimization of integrated language academic support frameworks. This research demonstrates a robust capacity for utilizing complex datasets to inform strategic institutional decision making. Shiyun Zhang "A Structural Analysis of International Student Retention and Academic Adaptation Using Multivariate Analysis: The Interplay between Social Capital and Language Proficiency" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100074.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/sociology/100074/a-structural-analysis-of-international-student-retention-and-academic-adaptation-using-multivariate-analysis-the-interplay-between-social-capital-and-language-proficiency/shiyun-zhang

Background Postpartum hemorrhage PPH is a leading cause of global maternal mortality, with a significant burden in developing countries like India. Knowledge and practice gaps among staff nurses regarding Active Management of the Third Stage of Labor AMTSL significantly influence maternal outcomes. Objectives 1. To assess baseline knowledge and practice of staff nurses regarding prevention of PPH. 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Program STP on improving these outcomes. 3. To determine the association between selected demographic variables and baseline scores. Methods A pre experimental, one group pretest–posttest design was conducted among 50 staff nurses in a tertiary hospital in Indore using purposive sampling. A validated knowledge questionnaire 30 items and observational checklist 20 items were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t test, and Chi square test. Results Post intervention, there was a significant improvement in mean knowledge scores Pretest 14.26±3.8 Posttest 24.62±2.9 t=12.54, p 0.001 and practice scores Pretest 12.45±3.1 Posttest 22.34±2.7 t=11.92, p 0.001 . No significant association was found between demographic variables and pretest scores. Conclusion The Structured Teaching Program was highly effective in enhancing knowledge and clinical practice regarding PPH prevention. Regular in service training and simulation based practice are recommended to sustain nursing competency and improve maternal safety. Amita Shilpa Gottlieb "Effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage among Staff Nurses in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Indore" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100071.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/100071/effectiveness-of-a-structured-teaching-program-on-knowledge-and-practice-regarding-prevention-of-postpartum-hemorrhage-among-staff-nurses-in-a-tertiary-care-hospital-indore/amita-shilpa-gottlieb

Reliability, safety, and sustained performance of the medical devices are highly critical issues in the contemporary healthcare system where any failure in the medical devices may have serious clinical outcomes and patient injuries. With the growing complexity and data being of a medical system, there has been the emergence of early anomaly detection in device performance data as a crucial process of preventing failure, facilitating proactive maintenance, and improving patient safety. Nevertheless, the current solutions mostly depend on conventional statistical or supervised learning schemes, which are sensitive to data imbalance, changing faults modes, and small amounts of labeled anomaly samples.Recent developments in generative deep learning, especially Generative Adversarial Networks GANs , Variational Autoencoders VAEs , and Diffusion Models, provide encouraging opportunities to support unsupervised and semi supervised anomaly detection through learning the latent data distribution and detecting anomalies with respect to normal operation. Although these models continue to be adopted, they have not been systematically and comparatively reviewed in med device performance monitoring, and it is still unclear how they relate in terms of effectiveness, strength, and their ability to be deployed in safety critical settings.This paper is a comparative critical analysis of GAN , VAE , and Diffusion based architectures of early anomaly detection in medical devices performance data. To evaluate the performance of a model, we would evaluate it based on several quantitative measures such as detection accuracy, precision recall balance, false alarm rates, detection latency and computational efficiency. The study also looks at the robustness issues in the noisy environment, scalability to high dimensional telemetry data and concept drift resiliency, which informs about real world applicability.The findings show that, although GANs are more efficient in restoring intricate normal samples, VAEs can offer stable latent features that can be used to score anomalies consistently, and Diffusion Models have better resilience to detect subtle and changing abnormalities. The results of these studies point to trade offs associated with models and provide practical recommendations in the process of selecting an adequate generative frameworks in the medical safety context. Finally, this piece of work helps to develop reliable, evidence based monitoring systems that facilitate the detection of faults early, adherence to regulations, and enhancing better clinical safety outcomes. Muhammad Faheem | Aqib Iqbal "A Comparative Evaluation of GANs, Vaes, and Diffusion Models for Early Anomaly Detection in Medical Device Performance Data" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100089.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/100089/a-comparative-evaluation-of-gans-vaes-and-diffusion-models-for-early-anomaly-detection-in-medical-device-performance-data/muhammad-faheem

Medical equipment functions in safety critical conditions where the sudden failure of the equipment may lead to serious clinical impacts such as patient injuries, missed treatment, and compliance with regulatory policies. Since medical devices are becoming more and more connected, software based, and data intensive, the most important concern has become to sustain their reliability. Conventional approaches to the maintenance of medical devices are mainly either reactive or schedule based, responding to failures when they happen or fixed cycles. These types of method are not usually adequate in modeling fine scale degradation trends and precursors of failure, especially in non linear and high dimensional operational data of modern medical devices.Predictive maintenance has been a promising paradigm of enhancing device reliability whereby early detection of failure and proactive action is made. Nevertheless, other available predictive maintenance systems are based on rule of thumb or discriminative machine learning models that need labeled failure data, which can be unavailable, incomplete, or expensive to acquire in medical practice. This paper will solve these shortcomings by suggesting a generative model based predictive maintenance system to identify early failure in safety critical medical machines. Generative models can also successfully detect deviations and patterns of degradation that can predict failures in normal operations by learning the underlying probability distribution of normal operation, even without the need to cover a large labeled set.The framework proposed combines the most recent generative modeling methods to harness the time related dependencies, the multivariate relationship and changing performance aspects of medical devices. It is conducive to immediate early Sign of anomaly and the precedents of failure, in order to take the maintenance action early enough before the critical faults appear. The framework is so structured in such a way that it is versatile to a wide variety of medical devices and operational settings and is compatible with clinical operations and regulatory standards.The most significant contributions of the work are a single architecture of generative predictive maintenance that is specific to safety critical medical devices, a methodical presentation of early warning through generative modeling, and an evaluation perspective focusing on the early warning performance, but not on post failure performance. The results indicate how generative models can be used to greatly improve the safety of medical devices, reduce downtimes, and help maintain more resilient and proactive healthcare technology management. Muhammad Faheem | Aqib Iqbal "Generative Model-Based Predictive Maintenance Frameworks for Early Failure Detection in Safety-Critical Medical Devices" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100090.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/operating-system/100090/generative-modelbased-predictive-maintenance-frameworks-for-early-failure-detection-in-safetycritical-medical-devices/muhammad-faheem

Medical devices are vital in patient safety and when they fail, the medical treatment might be undermined and legal suits might be filed. In the recent past, Generative AI based models like Generative Adversarial Networks GANs , Variational Autoencoders VAEs , and Diffusion Models, have demonstrated potential in forecasting early failures by identifying patterns of operations and irregularities that are difficult to identify by humans. The black box properties of these models, however, make them less interpretable and less reliable to take up in safety critical application.The current work hypothesizes a systematic framework in explainability and reliability analysis of generative AI models used in prediction of medical devices failure. The framework combines the most recent feature attribution methods, including saliency maps and counterfactual explanations, to both give interpretable explanations about model predictions as well as assess reliability by measuring robustness, uncertainty quantification and fault tolerance. Simulated and real world medical device operational dataset experiments have shown that explainable generative models are able to provide high predictive performance, and also provide clinicians and device operators with actionable insights.Significant contributions are i comparative analysis of GAN, VAE, and Diffusion Models based on their predictive performance and interpretability, ii reliability assessment methodology in medical device data and iii practical suggestions of integrating explainable AI in clinical predictive maintenance processes. These results demonstrate that there is a possibility of reliable AI based surveillance in medical device environments, which will open the field of safer, proactive device management. Muhammad Faheem | Aqib Iqbal "Explainability and Reliability Analysis of Generative AI Models for Medical Device Failure Prediction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100091.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/100091/explainability-and-reliability-analysis-of-generative-ai-models-for-medical-device-failure-prediction/muhammad-faheem

Blockchain technology enables the storage of information including transactions and other data in a secure, distributed ledger system that is accessible to everyone in the network. Technology is chosen for solving other business challenges where data security and transparency are critical. Marketing has also become a field where blockchain is utilized to enhance trust, customer loyalty, and data security across promotional channels. Blockchain marketing uses its secure, decentralized ledger to boost transparency, fight ad fraud, improve data security, and create more trustworthy, personalized customer experiences. In this paper, we will explain blockchain and explore its transformative potential to revolutionize marketing strategies. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | David Padi | Janet O. Sadiku "Blockchain Marketing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100093.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100093/blockchain-marketing/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Robotic process automation RPA in manufacturing uses software bots to automate repetitive, rule based digital tasks, improving efficiency and accuracy. It is a technology manufacturing businesses use to automate high volume, repeatable tasks. It is increasingly becoming a key component of manufacturing and warehousing environments because it is helping manufacturing organizations do more with less. RPA can help enable manufacturers improve productivity, meet customers’ expectations, and consistently drive product innovation all while lowering costs. Manufacturers can integrate RPA bots on the production floor in addition to back office operations. RPA in manufacturing is revolutionizing the way industrial operations are managed, optimized, and scaled. In this paper, we will discuss the role of RPA in the manufacturing industry. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Robotic Process Automation in Manufacturing" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100094.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100094/robotic-process-automation-in-manufacturing/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Ayurveda emphasizes prevention and health promotion and provides treatment for the disease. Hypertension HTN or high blood pressure BP is a chronic medical condition in which the BP in the arteries is elevated. The disease Hypertension is neither denoted in Samhita nor any Samgraha Granthas, but Such diseases should be treated according to the disease’s nature and its pathogenesis, location, and etiological factors. The present era is an era of an evidence based approach and does not procure any place for blind faith in traditional facts. Therefore, this review study provides comprehensive insights into the ayurvedic evidence based medications utilized for the treatment of Hypertension. Dr. Ruchita B. Dolas | Dr. Samiksha S. Kamble | Dr. Kalyan S. Chaudhari | Dr. Atul L. Chaudhari "Evidence Based Ayurvedic Medications for the Management of Hypertension" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100097.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100097/evidence-based-ayurvedic-medications-for-the-management-of-hypertension/dr-ruchita-b-dolas

Money laundering poses significant risks to investment banks, undermining market integrity and threatening financial stability. This paper explores the preventive measures against money laundering AML in investment banks, focusing on the role of regulatory frameworks in shaping these measures. It discusses the key regulatory guidelines including the Financial Action Task Force FATF recommendations, The Anti Money Laundering Act 2020 AMLA , The USA PATRIOT Act 2001 and The Bank Secrecy Act 1970 BSA . The paper also examines the challenges faced by investment banks in ensuring compliance with these regulations, including the complexity of cross border regulations, the integration of emerging technologies, and the evolving tactics used by criminals. Finally, the paper proposes solutions to enhance the effectiveness of preventive measures to improve risk based approaches, and global regulatory harmonization. Parul Pagare | Dr. Meena Tiwari "Preventive Measures Against Money Laundering in Investment Banks: Regulatory Challenges and Solutions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100108.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100108/preventive-measures-against-money-laundering-in-investment-banks-regulatory-challenges-and-solutions/parul-pagare

In Ayurvedic sciences, Basti Therapy is a crucial treatment modality comes under panchakarmas and its application should be considered for all age groups. Basti Karma is regarded as Amritam similar to Divine nectar by Aacharya Kashyapa. Basti is referred to as half treatment Ardha Chikitsa by some Vaidya’s, while others consider it complete treatment Sampurna Chikitsa . Panchakarma therapies are usually employed to eradicate the vitiated Doshas and aid in maintaining the equilibrium of these Doshas, which is the fundamental basis of health. Any of the five Panchakarma therapies may be employed, either individually or in combination, to prevent or treat a disease. This review study seeks to provide detailed information about Basti Karma. Dr. Kalyan S. Chaudhari | Dr. Yogita B. Chavan | Dr. Atul L. Chaudhari "A Comprehensive Review of Basti Karma (A Medicated Enema)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100098.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100098/a-comprehensive-review-of-basti-karma-a-medicated-enema/dr-kalyan-s-chaudhari

This cross sectional study aimed to assess the state of parent–child dialogue on menstruation in the municipality of Dangbo. Interviews were conducted with 115 adolescent female students aged 12 to 22 years and 29 parents. The findings revealed that some parents engage very little in discussions related to menstruation with their children, both prior to menarche and during menstruation. These results suggest the need to strengthen parents’ capacities in menstrual management and to establish a periodic communication program to promote behavioral change among adolescent girls in Benin, encouraging them to engage in dialogue. Gouthon Gilchrist Fabrice | Akpovo Kocou Edgard Romaric | Kouassi Jean-Paul | Tonoukouin Léa Florida "On the Sensitivity of Sexual Taboo Topics: The Relevance of Parent-Child Dialogue on Menstruation in the Municipality of Dangbo (Republic of Benin), 2025" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100107.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100107/on-the-sensitivity-of-sexual-taboo-topics-the-relevance-of-parentchild-dialogue-on-menstruation-in-the-municipality-of-dangbo-republic-of-benin-2025/gouthon-gilchrist-fabrice

This present study entitled “A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding cataract among the old age people in selected area in Bangalore”. The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge level of the old age people 60 75 years old in terms of pre test score, to prepare and administer planned teaching programme on problems of cataract, to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme by comparing the pretest post test knowledge, to find out the association between knowledge and the demographic variables such as age, gender, education status, lifestyle etc. Methods A pre experimental one group pretest posttest was adopted. In this study, the sample consists of 50 old age people from selected area in Bangalore who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the study. The non probability purposive sampling technique was used for this study. A structured socio demographic data, and knowledge questionnaire on cataract were selected on the basis of the objectives of the study. Results In pretest maximum 10 20 samples were having adequate knowledge, but it became 32 64 in posttest. So, the planned teaching programme was effective. The overall calculated ‘t’ value 6.590 was higher than the tabulated value at 0.05 level of significance with degree of freedom 49. So, the H1 hypothesis is accepted. The researcher concluded the planned teaching programme was effective. There is a significant association between pretest knowledge level and the socio demographic variables such as educational status and source of information as the chi square value is higher than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Planned teaching program was effective in improving knowledge regarding cataract among the old age people. Laveena Anand Masih "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Cataract Among the Old Age People in Selected Area in Bangalore" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100099.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/100099/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-cataract-among-the-old-age-people-in-selected-area-in-bangalore/laveena-anand-masih

This present study entitled “A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding cataract among the old age people in selected area in Bangalore”. The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge level of the old age people 60 75 years old in terms of pre test score, to prepare and administer planned teaching programme on problems of cataract, to evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme by comparing the pretest post test knowledge, to find out the association between knowledge and the demographic variables such as age, gender, education status, lifestyle etc. Methods A pre experimental one group pretest posttest was adopted. In this study, the sample consists of 50 old age people from selected area in Bangalore who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the study. The non probability purposive sampling technique was used for this study. A structured socio demographic data, and knowledge questionnaire on cataract were selected on the basis of the objectives of the study. Results In pretest maximum 10 20 samples were having adequate knowledge, but it became 32 64 in posttest. So, the planned teaching programme was effective. The overall calculated ‘t’ value 6.590 was higher than the tabulated value at 0.05 level of significance with degree of freedom 49. So, the H1 hypothesis is accepted. The researcher concluded the planned teaching programme was effective. There is a significant association between pretest knowledge level and the socio demographic variables such as educational status and source of information as the chi square value is higher than the table value at 0.05 level of significance. Planned teaching program was effective in improving knowledge regarding cataract among the old age people. Laveena Anand Masih "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Cataract Among the Old Age People in Selected Area in Bangalore" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100099.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/100099/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-cataract-among-the-old-age-people-in-selected-area-in-bangalore/laveena-anand-masih

Background Nocturnal enuresis bedwetting is a common childhood condition that can significantly affect a child’s psychological wellbeing and family dynamics. Mothers play a central role in identifying the problem, seeking care, and implementing management strategies however, gaps in knowledge and misconceptions often delay effective intervention. Aim To assess the level of knowledge regarding nocturnal enuresis and its management among mothers of primary school children. Methods A quantitative, descriptive survey research design was adopted. The study was conducted among 100 mothers of children studying at St. Mary’s Convent School, Vikasnagar, Dehradun. A purposive non probability sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were collected using a self structured questionnaire assessing knowledge and attitude related to nocturnal enuresis and its management. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results The findings revealed that 9 of mothers had inadequate knowledge, 75 had moderate knowledge, and 16 demonstrated adequate knowledge regarding nocturnal enuresis and its management. Conclusion The study highlights a need for structured health education programs for mothers to improve knowledge, correct misconceptions, and promote early and effective management of nocturnal enuresis in children. Ms. Shristi Thapa | Ms. Preeti Negi | Ms. Srijana Hamal | Ms. Tsetan | Ms. Tsering | Ms. Sangeeta | Ms. Lobsang | Ms. Tadaryami | Ms. Tanu | Ms. Shreyjal | Ms. Wasima "A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Nocturnal Enuresis and its Management Among Mothers of Primary School Children in Dehradun, Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100081.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100081/a-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-regarding-nocturnal-enuresis-and-its-management-among-mothers-of-primary-school-children-in-dehradun-uttarakhand/ms-shristi-thapa

Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher, laid the foundational principles of Idealism, profoundly influencing the trajectory of Western educational philosophy. His vision of education transcended mere knowledge acquisition, advocating for the cultivation of virtue, wisdom, and the pursuit of truth. This abstract delves into the core aspects of Plato’s Idealism and examines its enduring impact on contemporary educational paradigms.Central to Plato’s educational philosophy is the Theory of Forms, which posits that true knowledge is not derived from sensory experience but from intellectual insight into eternal, unchanging truths. This perspective underscores the importance of developing critical thinking and reflective reasoning in students. Moreover, Platos Allegory of the Cave illustrates the transformative journey from ignorance to enlightenment, emphasizing the role of education in guiding individuals toward higher understanding and moral clarity.In his seminal work, The Republic, Plato outlines an educational system aimed at identifying and nurturing the innate abilities of individuals, ensuring that each person contributes meaningfully to society. He advocates for a structured education system that encompasses physical, intellectual, and moral development, preparing individuals for roles that align with their natural aptitudes. This holistic approach to education has inspired various modern educational frameworks that emphasize the development of the whole person.The Socratic method, another of Platos contributions, remains a cornerstone in modern education. By fostering dialogue and critical questioning, this method encourages students to engage actively with content, promoting deeper understanding and intellectual autonomy. Contemporary educators continue to employ this approach to stimulate critical thinking and reflective learning among students.Furthermore, Platos emphasis on the moral and ethical dimensions of education has influenced modern curricula that integrate character education and ethical reasoning. Educational theorists like John Dewey and Immanuel Kant have built upon Platos ideals, advocating for education that prepares individuals not only for economic productivity but also for moral and civic responsibility.Despite its profound impact, Platos Idealism has faced criticism for its perceived elitism and abstraction. Critics argue that the emphasis on intellectual and moral development may overlook practical skills necessary for contemporary society. However, proponents contend that integrating Platos ideals with modern educational practices can create a balanced approach that fosters both practical competencies and moral virtues.Platos Idealism has indelibly shaped modern educational thought, offering a framework that values the development of the intellect and character. While contemporary education has evolved to address the complexities of modern society, the core principles of Platos philosophy continue to resonate, advocating for an education that cultivates not just skilled professionals but also virtuous and thoughtful individuals. Atosha Bellai "The Influence of Plato’s Idealism on Modern Educational Thought" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100103.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/100103/the-influence-of-plato’s-idealism-on-modern-educational-thought/atosha-bellai

This study set out to appraise public perceptions on waste management in Buea and Douala IV municipalities in the Southwest and Littoral Regions of Cameroon. The study was supported by the Agenda Setting Theory 1972 by McCombs and Shaw, Knowledge Gap Theory 1970 by Philip Tichenor, George Donohue and Claire Olien, and the Transtheoretical Model also called the Stages of Change Model developed by Prochaska and Diclemente, 1970 . It employed a concurrent nested mixed method combining quantitative and qualitative approaches in a survey design. The estimated sample size comprised of 415 community members involved in the study conveniently. The study was stratified between French and English speaking Cameroon. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed based on frequency and proportions. It was generally perceived by community members in both Buea and Douala IV municipalities that media have played a role in creating public awareness on issues concerning waste management with proportions of 74.8 169 and 76.9 336 respectively. Cumulatively, 70.1 perceived that media have contributed in raising public awareness on issues concerning waste management to a very large or large extent and this trend was almost the same between Buea and Douala IV municipality. The adequacy of this action was however nuanced as roughly the majority of 52.9 231 perceived this awareness creation mechanism to be very adequate and this trend was the same in Buea and Douala IV municipalities. Television was the most recommended and the use of diversified languages notably literary and vernacular languages was perceived as major asset to information outreach. The time or period of broadcast was fairly satisfactory. It was recommended that the role of media to enhance public awareness on waste management to be sustained with particular focus of television while adjusting the broadcasting time. Agbor Vivan Ada | Mpoche Kizitus Nformi | Atenga Thomas Ireneé | Nana Célestin "Public Perceptions on Media Coverage on Waste Management in Buea and Douala IV Municipalities" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100088.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/journalism/100088/public-perceptions-on-media-coverage-on-waste-management-in-buea-and-douala-iv-municipalities/agbor-vivan-ada

This study assessed the utilization of READSMART in reading strategies by teachers and the reading proficiency level of Grade 2 learners at Estaca Integrated School for the School Year 2025–2026. Specifically, it examined the teachers’ demographic and professional profiles, their application of reading strategies namely rehearsal, elaboration, organization, monitoring, linguistic, and semantic and the learners’ proficiency in essential reading competencies. The study employed a descriptive–correlational research design using an adapted and modified questionnaire as the main data gathering instrument. Findings revealed that most of the participating teachers were females aged 41–50, married, with Certificates of Academic Requirements, 6–10 years of teaching experience, and had attended division level trainings and seminars. The majority of learners were 7 years old and male. Teachers consistently utilized rehearsal, elaboration, and monitoring strategies, while organization, linguistic, and semantic strategies were applied often but less consistently. Results also indicated that Grade 2 learners were generally at the transitioning level of reading proficiency, demonstrating emerging skills in word recognition, comprehension, and fluency. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the teachers’ utilization of READSMART reading strategies and the learners’ reading proficiency. Challenges identified included limited reading materials, large class sizes, insufficient training in differentiated instruction, time constraints, language barriers, lack of assessment tools, limited access to technology, and inadequate administrative support. Based on the findings, the study concluded that the effective use of READSMART strategies significantly influences learners’ reading proficiency. It is therefore recommended that learner centered reading activities be consistently integrated into instruction to enhance the development of Grade 2 learners at Estaca Integrated School. Elizabeth E. Baguio | Rufino T. Tudlasan Jr "Demonstrating the Utilization of Readsmart to Enhance Reading Proficiency among Grade 2 Learners" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100113.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100113/demonstrating-the-utilization-of-readsmart-to-enhance-reading-proficiency-among-grade-2-learners/elizabeth-e-baguio

This research examined the implementation and impact of gamified instruction in Technology and Livelihood Education TLE at Banilad Elementary School during the 2025–2026 school year. The study involved TLE teachers and Grade 6 learners to assess the impact of game based strategies on motivation, engagement, and learning outcomes. Findings revealed that most teachers were female, aged 31 to 50 years, held bachelor’s or graduate degrees, and had six to twenty years of teaching experience, indicating a professionally experienced and mature teaching force. Almost all had attended training related to gamified or ICT based instruction, reflecting readiness for innovative pedagogy. Learners were predominantly 12 years old, with a balanced gender distribution and moderate access to digital devices and internet connectivity, suggesting they were prepared for technology enhanced learning. Results indicated a high level of implementation of gamified instruction, showing that gamified strategies significantly enhanced learners’ motivation, participation, and collaboration. The highest dimension, Motivation and Feedback, emphasized the positive effects of rewards and constructive feedback. Similarly, learners’ engagement and achievement yielded a high overall mean, confirming that gamified lessons encouraged active participation and enthusiasm. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between gamified instruction and learners’ motivation and participation, affirming its positive behavioral impact. However, no significant link was observed between performance and peer collaboration. The study concludes that gamified instruction fosters learner motivation and engagement but requires continuous teacher training, adequate ICT resources, and inclusive design to maximize academic and collaborative learning outcomes in TLE. Dian Marie D. Geyrozaga | Rufino T. Tudlasan Jr "Gamified Instruction in TLE to Enhance Learners’ Engagement and Achievement: Teachers’ Viewpoint" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100114.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100114/gamified-instruction-in-tle-to-enhance-learners’-engagement-and-achievement-teachers’-viewpoint/dian-marie-d-geyrozaga

This research determined the effectiveness of strategy based teaching in enhancing the mastery of Quarter 2 Mathematics competencies among Grade 5 learners at Cabancalan II Elementary School, Schools Division of Mandaue City, during the School Year 2025–2026. Specifically, it sought to describe the demographic profiles of teachers and learners assess the status of the implementation of strategy based Mathematics teaching determine the level of learners’ mathematics competency examine the significant relationship between the two variables and identify issues and challenges encountered in implementation. The study utilized a descriptive correlational research design, involving 4 Grade 5 Mathematics teachers and 50 learners as respondents. Data were gathered using validated survey questionnaires and summative test results, analyzed through weighted mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s r correlation. Findings revealed that teachers demonstrated a high level of implementation of strategy based teaching overall WM = 3.79 , particularly in aligning instructional approaches with learning competencies. Learners, on the other hand, showed a high level of mathematics performance overall WM = 3.57 , with divisibility rated highest and division of fractions lowest. Statistical analysis showed a significant positive relationship r = 0.4012, p = 0.0175 between the degree of teaching implementation and learners’ performance. Teachers, however, identified challenges such as large class sizes, limited resources, and time constraints. The study concluded that effective strategy based teaching significantly improves learners’ mathematical achievement. A Strategy Based Mathematics Instructional Framework and Enrichment Activity Guide was developed as the primary output to strengthen instructional practices and promote sustained learner improvement. Menchie S. Malinao | Rufino T. Tudlasan Jr "Upskilling Grade 5 Learners’ Math Competencies: A Strategy- Based Approach" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100115.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100115/upskilling-grade-5-learners’-math-competencies-a-strategy-based-approach/menchie-s-malinao

Preventive health care is essential in geriatric medicine because it focuses on early detection and management of health issues before they become severe. Regular check ups, screenings, and immunizations help maintain independence and improve quality of life for older adults by addressing health problems proactively. It also reduces the risk of complications from chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes, and cancers. Additionally, preventive care encompasses health education, fall prevention, and medication management, all supporting aging healthfully. By actively managing health, seniors can avoid costly emergency interventions, which leads to better health outcomes and lower healthcare expenses. Overall, prioritizing prevention fosters healthier, more active aging. Ayurveda plays a crucial role in geriatric care by utilizing various Rasayana rejuvenate herbs and formulations that enhance strength, immunity, cognitive function, and overall vitality1. Ayurvedic interventions, including Medhya Rasayana nootropic herbs , Balya and Brimhana Dravyas strength promoting substances , and age specific dietary regimens, are effective in preventing and managing common geriatric disorders such as Sandhivata osteoarthritis , Smriti Hani memory loss , Pandu Roga anemia , and Jatharagni Mandya digestive weakness . Along with herbal medicine, therapies like Panchakarma, Abhyanga oil massage , Swedana herbal fomentation , and Shirodhara play a significant role in promoting physical and mental well being in old age.2 This article explores the role of Rasayana in holistic geriatric care, highlighting Ayurvedic pharmacological principles, therapeutic herbs, and formulations that support healthy aging and longevity. Dr. Vidya Prashant Bhingare | Dr. Samiksha Shankar Kamble | Dr. Madhuri Prashant Waghmare "Preventive Health Care in Geriatric through Ayurved Rasayan Chikitsa" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100116.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100116/preventive-health-care-in-geriatric-through-ayurved-rasayan-chikitsa/dr-vidya-prashant-bhingare

All departments across the organization can benefit from implementing automation solutions. One technical method for automating corporate activities is robotic process automation RPA . RPA is a technology that uses software robots, or “bots,” to automate repetitive and rule based tasks usually performed by humans. These bots mimic human actions like reading emails, processing invoices, entering data, or tracking shipments but they do it faster, with greater accuracy, and 24 7. RPA is a part of digital transformation since it enables businesses to automate procedures, increase accuracy, and free up human resources for strategic work. Supply chain automation uses RPA to make supply chain processes lean and efficient. Supply chain automation tools give companies new ways to cope with uncertainty and keep business processes and products moving. Robotics in supply chain will decrease manual labor, freeing up staff members to concentrate on more crucial tasks and lowering data analysis errors. In this paper, we explore the profound effects of RPA on supply chain logistics. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Samuel A. Ajayi | Janet O. Sadiku "Robotic Process Automation in Supply Chain" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100104.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/manufacturing-engineering/100104/robotic-process-automation-in-supply-chain/matthew-n-o-sadiku

The post health crisis has significantly impacted the continuity of all businesses across the globe including cooperative businesses. Further, the shift in customer behavior in this crisis makes the digital marketing innovation a new managerial approach to this category. As a result, various challenges have curtailed the use of this strategy. The article is devoted to the topical issue related to the factual role of digital innovation in marketing cooperative products in the environment of varying routines and the complexity of its formation in the post crisis era. As a matter of fact, we embraced a qualitative approach which was grounded on eight case studies. The findings point towards the significance of creating routines in digital marketing in cooperatives in order to achieve successful implementation. Relevant information to the cooperatives and policymakers can therefore be collected to enable the creation of digital culture. Sfali Ali | Sabri Rhita "Cooperative Entrepreneurship and Innovation through Digital Marketing in Post Crisis: Contributions and Challenges for Moroccan Cooperators" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100101.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/100101/cooperative-entrepreneurship-and-innovation-through-digital-marketing-in-post-crisis-contributions-and-challenges-for-moroccan-cooperators/sfali-ali

Present research aims to assess the level of knowledge regarding Hypertension among GNM 1st year students, to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding Hypertension among GNM 1st year students, to find out the association between pretest level of knowledge regarding Hypertension among GNM 1st year students with their selected demographical variables. Mr. Ashwani Kumar Verma | Ms. Shivani Srivastava | Ms. Ankita Gaur | Mr. Anoop Gupta "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge Regarding Hypertension among GNM 1st Year Students at Hind School and College of Nursing, Safedabad at Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100119.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/100119/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-program-on-knowledge-regarding-hypertension-among-gnm-1st-year-students-at-hind-school-and-college-of-nursing-safedabad-at-barabanki-uttar-pradesh/mr-ashwani-kumar-verma

The growing emphasis on environmental responsibility has significantly influenced consumer attitudes toward sustainable brands. This study examines consumer perception of sustainable brands, focusing on awareness levels, emotional engagement, purchase intentions, and brand loyalty. It explores how sustainability initiatives shape brand credibility, appeal, and consumer trust, while also identifying barriers such as price sensitivity, information gaps, and skepticism toward green claims. Using primary data collected from consumers, the research analyzes the relationship between sustainability communication and consumer decision making. The findings reveal that although consumers increasingly value sustainability and associate it with ethical and responsible branding, the translation of positive perception into actual purchase behavior remains inconsistent. The study highlights the need for transparent communication, affordability, and authentic sustainability efforts to strengthen consumer engagement and long term loyalty toward sustainable brands. Ms. Ghazala Ferheen | Dr. (Prof) T. K Srinath "A Study on Consumer Perception on Sustainable Brands" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100130.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100130/a-study-on-consumer-perception-on-sustainable-brands/ms-ghazala-ferheen

Human resources HR departments play a vital role in every business, taking care of each phase of an employees life cycle, from headhunting to exit management. They can leverage robotic process automation RPA to streamline various activities in their daily workflow. RPA is a technology that interacts with digital systems and software to make and manage software robots. The ability to handle repetitive, high volume tasks has made RPA an ideal tool for human resources, which traditionally handles huge amounts of paperwork. The integration of RPA within HR functions offers a transformative solution to enhance operational efficiency and elevate the role of HR professionals. The automation reduces staffing costs and human error. It promotes growth in business organization productivity, operational efficiency, and streamlining process flow. This paper emphasizes the transformative impact of robotic process automation RPA on human resources HR operations. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Samuel A. Ajayi | Janet O. Sadiku "Robotic Process Automation in Human Resources" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100105.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/hrm-and-retail-business/100105/robotic-process-automation-in-human-resources/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Ayurveda categorizes visual disorders broadly as Timira, a condition impacting Drishti due to an imbalance in the ocular Doshas. The initial phases of Timira closely resemble myopia regarding symptoms and development. Myopia is a prevalent refractive issue where distant objects seem unclear, and its occurrence is rising swiftly, especially among students and young adults. This article offers an Ayurvedic perspective on myopia through the lens of Timira, emphasizing the causative factors, clinical characteristics, and management strategies outlined in classical texts, while also relating them to contemporary ophthalmology. Dr. Nagaraj K. Kambar | Dr. Shrishail S. Pujeri | Dr. Atul L. Chaudhari "An Ayurvedic View on Refractive Error - Timira (Myopia)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100109.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100109/an-ayurvedic-view-on-refractive-error--timira-myopia/dr-nagaraj-k-kambar

The aim of the research work was to examine the communication system of an unmanned aerial vehicle UAV using the review and explanatory research methods. The work discusses the communication system of UAVs roles of UAV communication systems, such as data collection, search and rescue operations, and inspection components of UAV communication systems, such as transceivers, antennas, and amplifiers UAV communication security, such as secure communication protocols, frequency hopping, and anti jamming techniques UAV communication network topologies, such as star topology, mesh topology, and cluster based topology and factors affecting UAV communication systems, such as obstacles, distance, and weather conditions, using the review research method and explanatory research method. It was concluded from the results that a communication system is a very vital aspect of a UAV, and without it, it can neither receive nor transmit any data or information from or to the ground control system GCS . Ayegba Abdullahi | Aminu Musa Chindo | Olaniyi Abigail Bisola | Ali Danladi | Samuel O. Fakunle | Ojobo Anthony | Aikore Abiodun Muyideen | Ajigbon Idowu | Olaniyan Shakira Adeola | Nyabam Mopa Ashem "A Study of the Communication System of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100120.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100120/a-study-of-the-communication-system-of-an-unmanned-aerial-vehicles-uavs/ayegba-abdullahi

Digital literacy is the ability to understand and us information in multiple formats from a wide range of sources when it is presented via computers and its impact on operational efficiency of Small and Medium sized Enterprises SMEs remains a critical area of investigation. This study evaluates the effect of Digital Literacy and Operational Efficiency of SMEs in Anambra State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study examines the effect of digital skills proficiency, e commerce and digital payments on operational of Small and Medium sized Enterprises SMEs in Anambra State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on Diffusion of Innovations Theory DIT , proposed by Everett Rogers in 1962 . The population of the study was 1,504 which consist of registered SMEs in Anambra State, from which a sample size of 316 was selected. Out 316 questionnaires shared 276 was retrieved. Data was generated using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statics and multiple linear regressions were used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that the components of digital literacy collectively explained 53.0 of the variance in operational efficiency R² = .530, F 3, 272 = 102.396, p .001 . Specifically, digital payment systems usage was the strongest significant predictor ß = .416, p .001 , followed by digital skills proficiency ß = .341, p .001 . However, e commerce adoption was found to have no statistically significant effect on operational efficiency ß = .089, p = .093 . The study concludes that while digital literacy is a vital driver of SME operational efficiency, its benefits are unevenly realized, and the full potential of e commerce is currently constrained by implementation and integration challenges, whereas digital payment systems and foundational skills proficiency provide the most immediate and significant operational gains. The study therefore recommended that SMEs should adopt a holistic digital strategy that prioritizes continuous skills development and the seamless integration of technologies to maximize performance. Kekeocha, Mary Ezinne | Ugwu Sunday Emmanuel | Azike Oluchukwu Malachy | Okudo Amarachi Cathrine "Digital Literacy and Operational Efficiency of SMES in Anambra State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100080.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/general-management/100080/digital-literacy-and-operational-efficiency-of-smes-in-anambra-state-nigeria/kekeocha-mary-ezinne

In the sports world, athletes celebrity status is valued. Coping strategies and tactics are similar to athletic personality. This aids athletes in managing pressures such as anxiety. People employ various coping mechanisms as a result of trait dominance. A coach may need to understand the relative dominance and coping strategies that lead to the development of that quality. The pressure of competition is likely to be tolerated by a competitive athlete. Studying the symptoms of competitive anxiety led to improvements in effort, resistance to opposing behaviors, and overcoming obstacles, including motivational and emotional consequences. Athletes attentional control and self confidence may suffer, and other psychological factors may be negatively impacted, so stress management is crucial to preventing anxiety during sporting events. Sports psychologists are consulted primarily due to anxiety. Included is an analysis of anxietys theoretical underpinnings and how it affects performance. Research on the relationship between anxiety and performance is also discussed. Additionally, cognitive behavioral therapies that have been used in sports to enhance performance and lower anxiety are examined. We will talk about this in this paper. examining how anxiety and stress affect athletic performance. Dr. Vaidyanatha U. "Investigating the Effects of Stress and Anxiety on Sports Performance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100138.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100138/investigating-the-effects-of-stress-and-anxiety-on-sports-performance/dr-vaidyanatha-u

The accelerated implementation of Cloud and Cloud Native Platforms through Digital Transformation efforts has allowed many Companies across various Industries to create their own Critical Enterprise Applications. Despite all of this activity occurring, Companies continue to depend on legacy Systems for storing many of the critical data used for operationally managing risk along with an ability to integrate with those legacy Systems. The coexistence of Modern and Legacy Information Technology Environments presents enterprises with significant challenges regarding Enterprise Risk Management, Compliance, and Operational Transparency 3 . This study provides a modern Integration Strategy developed on top of ServiceNows ITOM 1 , Integrating Risk Management IRM 1 , and creating API driven Orchestrations to connect Modern Enterprise Applications to Legacy Systems. The Module Integration Protocol MIP is introduced and demonstrated through the use of standardized Data Models 2 , Secure APIs 1 , and Automated Workflows to improve significantly Integration Reliability, Compliance Enforcement, and Real Time Risk Visibility. Implementation of the Moderate Integration Protocol in both the Financial and Health Services sectors 5 6 demonstrates an example of successful implementation through statistically significant improvements such as reduced Integration Errors by 25 , Improved Visibility of Risk by 30 , and Major Decreases in Audit Preparation Time. Additionally, the study illustrates how using Predictive Analytics can support Governance and validates MIP as a scalable Framework for Modern Enterprise Risk Management and Compliance Solutions. Saikrishna Tarakampet | Sameena Begam Savukath Ali "Integrating Custom Enterprise Applications with Legacy Systems for Risk Management: A Modern Enterprise Approach" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100100.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-architecture/100100/integrating-custom-enterprise-applications-with-legacy-systems-for-risk-management-a-modern-enterprise-approach/saikrishna-tarakampet

As Thailand undergoes a strategic shift toward Industry 4.0, technical professionals are increasingly confronted with a new and demanding layer of workplace pressure. This study explores the lived experiences of these workers as they navigate innovation oriented ethical climates, specifically focusing on the friction that arises when high stakes technical demands clash with personal well being. By conducting in depth inquiries with fifteen practitioners across both Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs and large scale firms, this research gathered a diverse range of perspectives on the reality of modern technical service work. The findings reveal that innovation is rarely experienced as a simple professional benefit instead, it frequently serves as a double edged sword where growth and opportunity are inextricably linked to intense stress and persistent resource shortages. The data underscores that while SMEs provide agility, they lack the institutional support structures found in larger corporations. Ultimately, the results suggest that successful innovation requires more than technological advancement it demands a fair, transparent leadership style and a profound commitment to psychological safety. This paper offers a practical roadmap for managers seeking to build innovative workplaces that remain human centric and sustainable. Kanyamart Hengsadeekul | Bordin Phayaphrom | Pathom Sawatmuang "Employees’ Experiences of Innovation-Oriented Ethical Climates in the Technical Service Sector in Thailand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100112.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-ethics/100112/employees’-experiences-of-innovationoriented-ethical-climates-in-the-technical-service-sector-in-thailand/kanyamart-hengsadeekul

India’s tribal and traditional art forms possess a rich heritage but face diminishing visibility and relevance in contemporary society. Khadi, once a symbol of India’s independence and sustainable practice, similarly struggles to resonate with younger generations. This study explores a fusion based design approach that integrates Indian tribal and traditional art motifs with modern aesthetics in khadi products. The initiative involved motif selection from some prominent Indian folk arts i.e. Phad, Pattachitra, Kalamkari, Gond, Warli and Madhubani followed by their transformation through fusion concepts into innovative garments. To create awareness among young generations, the results highlight the potential of fusion of traditional and tribal designs on garments to promote artisan livelihoods, revitalize endangered art forms, and reposition khadi as a viable and fashionable textile option. Discussion and consumer feedback revealed growing interest in culturally rich sustainable apparel, validating the projects relevance in todays textile landscape. Mahesh Kumar | Monica M. Kumbhare "Design-Based Value Enhancement of Khadi Through Fusion Concept of Indian Tribal and Traditional Arts" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100102.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/clothing-and-textiles/100102/designbased-value-enhancement-of-khadi-through-fusion-concept-of-indian-tribal-and-traditional-arts/mahesh-kumar

Food rheology is the scientific study of the rheological properties of food, that is, the consistency and flow of food under tightly specified conditions. It is the science of how food materials flow or deform under applied forces, covering both liquids like sauces and semi solids soft solids like gelled desserts or dough . It relates mechanical behavior such as flow, viscosity, elasticity, yield stress to food structure and composition. Food rheology is crucial in processing and engineering, quality control, product development and sensory quality, and nutrition and health applications. It is very important in product design, manufacturing, and nutrition applications. This paper presents an introduction to food rheology and its importance to man. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Food Rheology" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100145.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100145/food-rheology/paul-a-adekunte

The tribal population of West Bengal, which constitutes 5.8 of the population of the state, experiences severe inequity in health because of their marginalization over history, geographic seclusion, and the lack of social services in the form of the public health system. The empirical data used in this paper is a cross sectional study of 36,128 tribal patients receiving services in five Mobile Medical Clinics MMCs in 2018 2019, along with a historical analysis of the responses of colonial cholera epidemics to the COVID 19 one. The results indicate that there is a triple disease burden infectious diseases 44.5 primary registrations , non communicable diseases NCDs 33.2 repeat visits and injuries pain 28.3 . The cases of infectious 54.1 and non communicable disease NCD repeats were higher among younger groups 1 25 years and older adults Cramer V = 0.29, p .001 , respectively. The lack of attention to such problems is highlighted in historical analysis, where the colonial policies increased the number of epidemics and the post independence interventions such as the National Health Mission NHM failed because of cultural and logistic obstacles. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the district specific risks, including 3.97 times of increased odds of NCD in Garbeta II MMC 95 CI 3.05, 5.17 . Seasonal peaks during the monsoons and female dominance 55.9 are some of the areas of vulnerability. It is recommended to use culturally specific MMC expansions, engage community health workers, and reform the policy in order to achieve equity. This synthesis is not only informative of interventions targeted in the face of epidemiological transition in India, but it also informs interventions. Ratan Kr Saha "Health Disparities among the Tribe Communities in Bengal: A Historical Approach to Pandemic Reactions and Access to Public Health" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100142.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100142/health-disparities-among-the-tribe-communities-in-bengal-a-historical-approach-to-pandemic-reactions-and-access-to-public-health/ratan-kr-saha

This research assessed the relationship between school based supervision and teacher quality anchored on the Philippine Standards for School Heads PPSSH and Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers PPST among selected public schools in the Tudela District . It aimed to determine how effective PPSSH and PPST based supervision practices such as planning and goal setting, classroom observation and feedback, teacher professional development and mentoring, monitoring and evaluation, and collaborative learning communities contribute to improving teacher competence and instructional quality. Using a descriptive correlational research design, the study gathered data from school heads and teachers through validated survey questionnaires. Statistical tools such as weighted mean and Pearsons r were employed to interpret the data. Findings revealed that both school heads and teachers strongly agreed that PPST based supervision is effectively implemented across all domains, with the highest ratings in monitoring, evaluation, and collaboration. Similarly, teacher quality was rated highly evident, particularly in creating inclusive learning environments and developing contextualized lesson plans aligned with curriculum standards. The computed r value of 0.15 with a p value of 0.065 at the 0.05 level of significance confirmed a significant relationship between school based supervision and teacher quality. Furthermore, best practices identified include peer coaching, Learning Action Cell LAC sharing, immediate post observation feedback, and individualized professional development plans IPDP . The study concludes that adequate, developmental, and PPST aligned supervision directly enhances teacher competence and professional growth. It recommends strengthening mentoring systems, sustaining collaborative learning communities, and institutionalizing data driven and supportive supervision practices to uphold teacher quality and improve learning outcomes. Melissa G. Tubin | Rufino T. Tudlasan Jr "From Standards to Practice: Strengthening Teacher Quality Through School-Based Supervision" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100144.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100144/from-standards-to-practice-strengthening-teacher-quality-through-schoolbased-supervision/melissa-g-tubin

This study explores the determinants of purchase intention for organic fruits and vegetables in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, using the Theory of Planned Behavior as the guiding framework with additional variables Environmental Concern, Health Consciousness, and Product quality. A structured survey was conducted with 285 participants using probability sampling, and the data were analyzed using SPSS, including reliability, factor, correlation, and regression analyses. The results reveal that consumer attitude is the key driver behind the purchase intention, followed by health consciousness and product quality. Environmental concern exerted a minor influence, while subjective norms and perceived behavioral control had no statistically significant effect. The TPB based model explained 19.6 of the variance in the purchase intention. Emphasizing health benefits, quality assurance, and certification clarity can enhance consumer engagement. This research adds depth to consumer behavior studies in India, highlighting the central role of personal attitudes in sustainable choice. Uzma Ara | Safdar Khan | Dr. Asad Rehman "Understanding Sustainable Consumption: Key Determinants Influencing Purchase Intention toward Organic Fruits & Vegetables" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100106.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/100106/understanding-sustainable-consumption-key-determinants-influencing-purchase-intention-toward-organic-fruits-and-vegetables/uzma-ara

In recent years, keeping good hygiene in both indoor and outdoor spaces has become essential. Cleaning and sanitizing floors by hand can jeopardize employees health, take more time, and cause physical strain. To address these issues, this study presents a smart floor sanitization robot capable of handling various cleaning tasks, such as wet mopping, fogging, UV sterilization, and spraying. An ESP32 CAM module is included for remote video monitoring, while a Raspberry Pi Pico functions as the main controller for the system. Infrared sensors identify obstacles, and Bluetooth enables wireless control. The proposed robot reduces the need for human intervention, improves cleaning effectiveness, and provides a better solution for public spaces like workplaces and hospitals. Dr. Srinivasa Reddy Kurukuntla | Kummari Mallikarjuna | Dr Sakam Nagi Reddy "Next-Gen Wet Mopping Robot with Self-Cleaning System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100139.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/100139/nextgen-wet-mopping-robot-with-selfcleaning-system/dr-srinivasa-reddy-kurukuntla

Global Positioning Security GPS focuses on vulnerabilities, real world threats, and mitigation protection strategies as GPS security is critical to modern economies, infrastructure, national defense, and personal systems as they rely on accurate positioning, navigation, and timing PNT provided by satellite systems like GPS. GPS is a part of a broader family of Global Navigation Satellite Systems GNSS which includes GLONASS Russia , Galileo EU , and BeiDou China . All of these systems transmit timing and positioning data from satellites to receivers on earth to determine location and time. Apart from navigation, GPS also provides timing signals that underlie financial transaction ordering, cell network synchronization, power grid stability, emergency response coordination, autonomous vehicles, and aviation and maritime navigation. The paper looks into the concept, pros, cons, and the usefulness of GPS Security to humanity. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "GPS Security: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100146.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100146/gps-security-an-introduction/paul-a-adekunte

Groundwater constitutes the principal source of drinking water in Kahalgaon Town of Bhagalpur district, Bihar, where concerns regarding geogenic contamination have increased in recent years. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the concentration and health significance of arsenic, iron, and fluoride in commonly used groundwater sources. Physico chemical data of water were obtained during the research period following standard analytical procedures. The mean concentrations recorded were 0.0022 ± 0.0001 mg L for arsenic, 0.53 ± 0.001 mg L for iron, and 0.26 ± 0.0012 mg L for fluoride. The values remained within desirable and permissible limits for drinking water.Despite compliance with guideline values, the consistent detection of these elements reflects ongoing geochemical mobilization within the aquifer. Scientific evidence from the Middle Gangetic plain suggests that long term exposure to even low concentrations may produce cumulative health stress, particularly in populations with high dependency on untreated groundwater. Elevated iron may affect aesthetic quality and consumer acceptance, while trace arsenic and fluoride require vigilance because of their chronic toxicity potential.The study therefore identifies the groundwater of Kahalgaon as presently usable but environmentally vulnerable. Regular monitoring, early warning strategies, and public awareness are recommended to prevent future deterioration and to safeguard community health. Abhaya Nand Sahay | Ashish Kumar | Chandana Kumari "Impact of Burgeoning Arsenic, Iron and Fluoride in Ground Water of Kahalgaon Town, Bhagalpur District, Bihar" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100147.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/100147/impact-of-burgeoning-arsenic-iron-and-fluoride-in-ground-water-of-kahalgaon-town-bhagalpur-district-bihar/abhaya-nand-sahay

This essay offers a hydrofeminist reading of T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land 1922 , situating the poem within contemporary material ecocritical and posthuman feminist theory. Drawing on Astrida Neimanis’s concept of hydrofeminism, Stacy Alaimo’s trans corporeality, Serenella Iovino’s material narrativity, and new materialist thought, this study argues that Eliot’s poem stages not simply spiritual desolation but a crisis of circulation—ecological, gendered, and epistemological. Water in The Waste Land emerges as both absence and excess, purification and contamination, dissolution and relational ontology. Through close readings of the Thames, the typist episode, Phlebas the Phoenician, Tiresias, and the apocalyptic drought of “What the Thunder Said,” this paper demonstrates that Eliot’s modernist fragmentation mirrors fluid ontology even as it dramatizes the breakdown of sustainable flow. Engaging over thirty five critics—from Cleanth Brooks and F. R. Leavis to Bonnie Kime Scott, Maud Ellmann, Michael North, and Jahan Ramazani—this essay reframes The Waste Land as a proto hydrofeminist text that anticipates contemporary ecological feminist thought. Rather than reading water solely as symbolic redemption or spiritual lack, this study positions it as material agent, gendered medium, and archive of violence. The poem’s ultimate gesture toward rain does not restore transcendence but gestures toward fragile hydro ethical interdependence. Dr. Sourav Kumar Nag "Bodies of Water in a Barren Modernity”: Hydrofeminism, Material Ecocriticism, and Fluid Ontology in T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100143.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/english/100143/bodies-of-water-in-a-barren-modernity”-hydrofeminism-material-ecocriticism-and-fluid-ontology-in-t-s-eliot’s-the-waste-land/dr-sourav-kumar-nag

Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium, remains a global health burden with strong associations to systemic conditions. The rise of antibiotic resistance and side effects of conventional therapies has intensified the search for safe, effective, and affordable herbal alternatives. Emblica officinalis Amla , a cornerstone of Ayurvedic medicine, is renowned for its high antioxidant, anti inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential. This comprehensive study aimed to develop and evaluate an Amla based gum paint for the management of chronic periodontitis. The research steps are 1 phytochemical extraction and analysis via UV spectrophotometry to quantify active constituents gallic acid and 2 a 30 day randomized clinical intervention assessing periodontal parameters gingival bleeding, pocket depth, loss of attachment . Results demonstrated a gallic acid concentration of 9.239 in the ethanolic extract, with significant bactericidal activity observed at 8 and 10 concentrations. The formulated 8 Amla gum paint G care exhibited optimal physicochemical properties pH 7.0, viscosity 1850 cP and 12 month stability. Clinical results from 56 patients showed statistically significant p 0.05 post intervention improvements gingival bleeding reduced by 38.5 , pocket depth by 26.7 , and loss of attachment by 23.8 . These findings are strongly supported by contemporary research validating Amlas anti biofilm, immunomodulatory, and tissue regenerative properties in periodontal models. This study conclusively positions Emblica officinalis as a potent, evidence based, and sustainable Phyto therapeutic agent for inclusion in integrative periodontal care protocols. Dr. Suman Madan | Dr. Seema Kashyap | Dr. Gul Mathur "Efficacy of Emblica officinalis (Amla) Extract in the Management of Periodontitis: A Clinical Investigation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100141.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/family-health/100141/efficacy-of-emblica-officinalis-amla-extract-in-the-management-of-periodontitis-a-clinical-investigation/dr-suman-madan

Quantum computing QC is a revolutionary field of computation that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to process information in ways fundamentally different from classical computers. The relevance of QC to medicine lies in its potential to address computational challenges that are currently insurmountable for classical computers.Quantum computing represents a transformative force in healthcare, promising faster, more efficient, and more secure medical solutions compared to traditional computing methods. It can process vast amounts of information simultaneously, making it an ideal tool for data heavy tasks such as genomics, personalized medicine, and predictive analytics. Quantum computing could open up better ways to simulate nature. This paper explores the applications of quantum computing in the medical field. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Quantum Computing in Medicine" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100152.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100152/quantum-computing-in-medicine/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Data reconciliation is a foundational requirement across analytical pipelines, regulatory reporting, machine learning workflows, and enterprise data engineering. Modern systems generate large volumes of heterogeneous data that undergo complex transformations across distributed environments. These transformations introduce discrepancies, semantic drift, and structural inconsistencies that are difficult to detect, explain, and resolve. Traditional reconciliation tools rely on rigid rules, manual inspection, and domain specific logic, making them brittle, slow, and difficult to scale.This paper introduces the Smart Reconciliation System, a unified architecture that performs domain agnostic reconciliation across multiple input and output datasets, applies semantic normalization using natural language processing, identifies discrepancies, summarizes findings, and enables real time interactive exploration through a conversational interface. The system combines a batch oriented reconciliation backbone with a real time agentic orchestration layer that interprets natural language queries, generates analytical plans, and produces visual explanations. It incorporates probabilistic matching, embedding based entity normalization, constraint validation, anomaly detection, and continual learning from user feedback. The architecture includes a typed intermediate representation for reconciliation logic, optimization strategies for large scale execution, and a roadmap for production deployment.The Smart Reconciliation System provides a portable, extensible, and semantically precise approach to reconciling data across diverse environments. It enables organizations to detect issues earlier, reduce manual effort, and interact with reconciliation results through natural language while preserving correctness, auditability, and reproducibility. Lakshay Malhotra "Smart Reconciliation System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100155.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100155/smart-reconciliation-system/lakshay-malhotra

Artificial intelligence AI in cybersecurity makes use of AI to revolutionize cybersecurity in enhancing threat detection, incident response, and vulnerability management. AI refers to computing systems that can perform tasks which normally require human intelligence – such as pattern recognition, learning from data, and decision making. However, in cybersecurity, AI systems especially machine learning and deep learning models analyze massive data, detect threats, and respond faster than traditional rule based systems. AI is transforming cybersecurity by enabling 1. Faster, scalable threat detection, 2. Automated responses, and 3. Predictive threat intelligence. This as well introduces new challenges. This paper presents the usefulness, the various challenges cum solutions, and the benefits of AI in cybersecurity to humanity. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100153.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100153/artificial-intelligence-in-cybersecurity/paul-a-adekunte

Since ancient times there are countless fermented preparations stated in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics. These preparations are organized through a special progression known as Sandhana Kalpana1. Whereas in Arka Kalpana2 the volatile content from the various drugs along with the self generated alcohol will be produced in its purest form. With its higher potency, reduced dosage requirements, longer self life, improved palatability, faster absorption, quicker action and better patient compliance Arka Kalpana stands out as the first choice to meet the growing demands of the present population. A comparative pharmaceutico analytical study was conducted with Tambulasava3 as first product and its modified product of Tambulasava Arka. Tambulasava prepared as per the classical Sandhan Kalpana method and subjected to Pharmaceutico analytical study. Later Tambulasava was subjected to Arka Kalpana as per classical Arka Kalpana method and then further subjected to Pharmaceutico analytical study. Firstly, Tambulasava prepared and tested for its quality and purity by subjecting organoleptic characteristics like color, taste and odor etc, physiochemical analysis4 like Acid value, pH value, Alcohol content, microbial contaminations etc. From this Tambulasava half of its part preserved and the other half subjected to distillation and the distillate tested for its quality by organoleptic and physiochemical analysis5. Physio chemical evaluations found satisfactory. Tambulasava Arka has shown better product stability based on concentration of alcohol and microbial load. Microbial count was also improved after Modification to Arka with aids the product stability of the product. The total dissolved solids including reducing and non reducing sugar became zero after product modification which made the product available to the patients with diabetes. Dr. Ashish Tiwari | Dr. Mahesh Madalageri | Dr. Poornima K Bellad "A Comparative Pharmaceutico-analytical Study of Tambulasava and its Arka" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100156.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100156/a-comparative-pharmaceuticoanalytical-study-of-tambulasava-and-its-arka/dr-ashish-tiwari

Islamic banking is a financial system founded on the principles of Sharia Islamic law , with emphasis on ethical conduct, social justice, and the linkage of finance to real economic activity. Islamic banking unlike the conventional banking prohibits the payment or receipt of interest riba , excessive uncertainty gharar , and speculative activities maisir , while promoting profit and loss sharing cum asset backed transactions. Its core financing mechanisms such as Murabaha cost plus sale , Mudarabah profit sharing partnership , Musharakah joint venture , and Ijarah leasing enable Islamic banks to provide financial services that are both commercially viable and compliant with religious principles. In order to maintain compliance, governance is ensured through Sharia supervisory boards, which oversee product design and operations. Regardless of the challenges related to standardization, liquidity management, and regulatory harmonization, Islamic banking has continued to expand across both Muslim majority and non Muslim countries, offering an alternative model of finance that integrates economic efficiency with moral and social responsibility. This paper attempts to holistically look at the challenges facing Islamic banking, solutions to them, and its benefits to humanity. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Islamic Banking" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100154.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100154/islamic-banking/paul-a-adekunte

Sheetapitta is one of the allergic skin diseases seen in medical practice. Sheetapitta can be compared with Urticaria. It is mainly caused by Asatmaya Sevana which results in the vitiation of kapha and vata. The symptoms involve Varati Damstavat Sotha and Kandu caused by Kapha vitiation, Daha caused by Pitta vitiation, and Shula caused by Vata. Urticaria is one of the dermatological diseases characterized by sudden eruptions of itchy wheals which may appear on part of the mucous and skin membranes. The present case study is on a 27 years old woman who is having complaints of frequent eruptions of smooth, slightly elevated wheals on her thighs, and back for 15 days which gradually increased. It is associated with itching and a burning sensation. This case was treated successfully with Shamana Aushadi. Dr. Vinay V. Sevlikar | Dr. Atul L. Chaudhari "An Ayurvedic Approach of Sheetapitta (Urticaria) through Shamana Chikitsa - A Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100159.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100159/an-ayurvedic-approach-of-sheetapitta-urticaria-through-shamana-chikitsa--a-case-study/dr-vinay-v-sevlikar

In the modern digital era, the rapid spread of misinformation and fake news across online platforms has become a major global concern. The proliferation of false information not only misleads the public but also influences opinions, behaviours, and even political or economic outcomes. To address this issue, Natural Language Processing NLP techniques are being increasingly utilized to automatically distinguish between real and fake news. This study focuses on developing an intelligent system that analyses linguistic patterns, semantic features, and contextual cues within news articles to identify their authenticity. Using machine learning and deep learning models such as Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines SVM , and transformer based architectures like BERT, the proposed system learns to classify news as real or fake based on textual content. The dataset undergoes preprocessing steps including tokenization, stop word removal, stemming, and vectorization to ensure effective model training. The experimental results demonstrate that NLP driven approaches significantly improve the accuracy of fake news detection, offering a robust and automated solution to combat misinformation. This research contributes to the development of reliable fact verification tools that enhance digital media integrity and promote trustworthy information dissemination. Dr. Srinivasa Reddy Kurukuntla | Adupala Sathwik Reddy | Bandla Bhavana | Chintha Saketh Pavan | Bantu Sairam | Chikati Kiran "Newstruth: Distinguish Fake and Real News Using NLP" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100157.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100157/newstruth-distinguish-fake-and-real-news-using-nlp/dr-srinivasa-reddy-kurukuntla

This study aimed to determine the level of preparedness of general education teachers in handling mainstreamed learners with disabilities and the inclusive teaching strategies they employed at Quiot Elementary School during the School Year 2025–2026, with the findings serving as the basis for a proposed Action Plan. Employing a descriptive correlational research design, the study involved thirty teacher. Data were collected using an adapted survey questionnaire and analyzed through frequency, percentage, weighted mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. The study found that most teachers possessed substantial experience in inclusive education, with 43.33 having served seven years or more, while only 10.00 were in their first year. Half of the teachers reported handling one to three mainstreamed learners with disabilities. In terms of professional development, 43.33 had not attended any inclusive education training in the last three years, and 40.00 had attended only one to two sessions. Teachers were rated as only slightly prepared, with an overall mean of 2.38. Their strengths were in creating safe classrooms and engaging parents, but weaker areas included fair assessment and collaboration with SPED specialists. Inclusive strategies were applied frequently, with an overall mean of 3.09, particularly in parental involvement and step by step instructions, though structural modifications were less emphasized. Correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between preparedness and inclusive practices. The study concluded that while teachers often employed inclusive strategies, their perceived preparedness remained low, highlighting the need for stronger institutional support. An Action Plan was recommended to strengthen professional development. Rochel Lee C. Igot "Challenges and Teaching Practices of General Education Teachers in Handling Learners with Disabilities" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100158.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100158/challenges-and-teaching-practices-of-general-education-teachers-in-handling-learners-with-disabilities/rochel-lee-c-igot

In a world where technology is continually reshaping the way we approach medical treatment, training, and education, immersive technologies are becoming integral to the advancement of healthcare. Immersive technologies are gaining popularity in healthcare settings, as new technological breakthroughs enable diagnosis and therapy. With the help of these technologies, practitioners can visualize human structures better than ever before, enabling them to be highly accurate in various types of surgeries. This paper focuses on the implementation and integration of immersive technologies into existing medical practices. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Samuel A. Ajayi | Janet O. Sadiku "Immersive Technologies in Medicine" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100150.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/medicinal-chemistry/100150/immersive-technologies-in-medicine/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Regenerative medicine is a technique to replace or repair defective or diseased tissue or organs by in vitro design with in vivo usage. Its goal is to replace or reboot tissues or organs damaged because of disease, injury, age, or other issues instead of treating symptoms with medication and procedures. It holds the promise of engineering damaged tissues and organs by stimulating the bodys own repair mechanisms to functionally heal previously irreparable tissues or organs. The idea of replacing defective and lost body parts is made possible largely by the development of stem cell technologies and tissue engineering. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the concept of regenerative medicine is being applied to different magnitudes, from cells to tissues to organs. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Samuel A. Ajayi | Janet O. Sadiku "Regenerative Medicine" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100151.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/medicinal-chemistry/100151/regenerative-medicine/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Internet crime, commonly known as cybercrime, refers to a spectrum of illegal acts committed through the use of computers, networks, and Internet technologies. Most of these activities range from unauthorized access and data theft to financial fraud, identity theft, cyberstalking, and system disruption. Just as digital connectivity is expanding globally, so is the scale and sophistication of cybercrime, challenging traditional legal, technical, and social frameworks. Some of the characteristics that distinguish cybercrime include its transnational nature, anonymity of perpetrators, and rapid evolution alongside technological innovation. Cybercrime does not only result in substantial economic losses for individuals, businesses organizations, and governments but raises critical questions and concerns about privacy, security, and legal accountability. Addressing cybercrime therefore will require multidisciplinary strategies, that must include robust legal frameworks, international cooperation, advanced cybersecurity practices, and public awareness initiatives. This paper looks at the pervasive impact of cybercrime, how to combat it, strengthening national and international cooperation among countries, legal, and policy development in the digital age. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Internet Crime: An Overview" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100160.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100160/internet-crime-an-overview/paul-a-adekunte

In the petroleum industry, gas flaring is a major and significant environmental issue in oil producing countries like Nigeria, involving the burning of excess natural gas associated with oil extraction, leading to the release of greenhouse gases GHGs like carbon dioxide, methane and other pollutants into the atmosphere. This practice contributes to climate change, air pollution, and health problems for nearby communities. Despite efforts to reduce flaring, it remains prevalent due to infrastructure challenges, regulatory gaps, and economic interests. The paper highlights the environmental, health, and economic impacts of gas flaring, with emphasis on the need for effective policies, technological innovations, and international cooperation to mitigate its effects. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Gas Flaring" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100161.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100161/gas-flaring/paul-a-adekunte

This study examined the effect of educational videos on letter recognition among kindergarten learners as a basis for developing a Multimedia Based Literacy Skills Enhancement Plan. Specifically, it sought to determine the demographic profile of the respondents, the extent of educational video integration in literacy instruction, the level of letter recognition among kindergarten learners, the challenges encountered by teachers in integrating educational videos, and the relationship between educational video integration and learners’ letter recognition skills.The study employed a descriptive correlational research design. The respondents were kindergarten teachers from Mabolo Elementary School, selected through total enumeration and quota sampling techniques. Data was gathered using an adapted and validated survey questionnaire based on Creswell and Creswell. Statistical treatment included frequency count, percentage, weighted mean, and correlation analysis.Findings revealed that educational videos were frequently integrated into kindergarten literacy instruction and were effective in enhancing learners’ letter recognition skills. However, teachers encountered challenges related to limited technological resources, insufficient training in multimedia based instruction, classroom management concerns, and inadequate institutional support. The results further showed a significant relationship between the extent of educational video integration and the level of letter recognition among kindergarten learners.The study concludes that educational videos are effective instructional tools in improving letter recognition when systematically integrated into early childhood literacy instruction. It is recommended that schools implement a Multimedia Based Literacy Skills Enhancement Plan, strengthen teacher training on multimedia pedagogy, and improve access to appropriate technological resources to support effective literacy instruction. Kimberly L. Balao "The Effect of Educational Videos on Literacy Skills among Kindergarten Learners" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100164.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100164/the-effect-of-educational-videos-on-literacy-skills-among-kindergarten-learners/kimberly-l-balao

This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a nutritious and functional pineapple drink enriched with whey protein. The drink was prepared using pineapple pulp, whey water a byproduct of cheese production , citrus pectin as a stabilizer, food grade white sugar for sweetness, pineapple flavor 90 for enhanced aroma, and colour mist lemon yellow for visual appeal. The formulation process involved optimizing the proportions of these ingredients to achieve a palatable and stable product. The quality evaluation encompassed physicochemical analysis, including pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, viscosity, and protein content. Sensory evaluation was also conducted to assess consumer acceptability in terms of taste, aroma, color, and overall preference. Furthermore, the functional benefits of the whey protein enrichment, such as its potential contribution to muscle protein synthesis and satiety, were considered. The findings of this study provide insights into the feasibility of utilizing whey water to create a value added, protein rich beverage with the refreshing taste of pineapple, offering both nutritional enhancement and potential functional advantages. G. Nanditha | Dr. A. Swaroopa Rani | R. Ramana Naik "Formulation and Quality Evaluation of a Whey Protein-Enriched Pineapple Drink for Enhanced Nutrition and Functional Benefits" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100055.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/home-science/food-science/100055/formulation-and-quality-evaluation-of-a-whey-proteinenriched-pineapple-drink-for-enhanced-nutrition-and-functional-benefits/g-nanditha

The democratization of politics refers to the process by which political systems become more democratic, that is, how they become more inclusive, participatory, accountable, and representative of the people. In this sense, democratization of politics would involve free and fair elections, political participation, rule of law and civil liberties, separation of powers and checks and balances, accountability and transparency, pluralism and political competition. Usually democratization involves transitioning from systems such as military rule, monarchies, single party states, and colonial governments to systems where power is held by the people, typically through elected representatives. In this paper, we will look into the challenges and the benefits of democratization of politics to man. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Democratization of Politics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100165.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/100165/democratization-of-politics/paul-a-adekunte

The emergence of psychology in colonial Bengal represents a unique confluence of Western scientific rationality, Indian philosophical traditions, nationalist consciousness, and literary creativity. During the Bengal Renaissance, intellectuals did not merely adopt European psychological thought but critically reinterpreted it within indigenous epistemological and cultural frameworks. Figures such as Narendranath Sengupta and Girindrasekhar Bose laid the institutional and theoretical foundations of Indian psychology, while thinkers like Rabindranath Tagore and Swami Vivekananda infused psychological reflection into literature, spirituality, and education. This paper examines the historical, educational, and literary intersections that shaped early psychological discourse in Bengal and argues that colonial Bengal was not merely a recipient of Western psychology but an active site of epistemological reconstruction and cultural reinterpretation. Kinjal Chakraborty "Psychology and the Bengal Renaissance: Education, Literature, and the Formation of an Indigenous Indian Psychology of Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100149.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/100149/psychology-and-the-bengal-renaissance-education-literature-and-the-formation-of-an-indigenous-indian-psychology-of-education/kinjal-chakraborty

Agricultural extension services constitute a cornerstone mechanism for bridging the persistent gap between scientific agricultural knowledge and on farm application. Despite decades of investment, the productivity potential of smallholder and commercial farmers worldwide remains substantially underutilized. This paper synthesizes empirical evidence on how diverse extension modalities ranging from traditional field demonstrations and farmer field schools to contemporary digital advisory platforms influence crop productivity, technology adoption, income, and food security outcomes. A conceptual framework integrating the Technology Adoption and Diffusion Model Rogers, 2003 and the Agricultural Innovation Systems AIS perspective is employed to structure the analysis. Evidence drawn from controlled and observational studies across Sub Saharan Africa, South Asia, East Asia, and Latin America reveals that access to structured extension services is associated with yield gains of 18–47 , input cost reductions of 8–28 , and significant improvements in market participation. Digital extension channels, particularly mobile based advisory systems, exhibit the fastest scaling trajectories and highest cost effectiveness ratios. The study concludes with policy oriented recommendations for strengthening extension infrastructure, improving gender inclusivity, and integrating data driven approaches into national agricultural advisory systems. Dr. Sona Murmu "Role of Agricultural Extension Services for Productivity Management" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100169.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/100169/role-of-agricultural-extension-services-for-productivity-management/dr-sona-murmu

In this project, a Wireless Sensor Network WSN Monitoring App is implemented along with the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller to visualize and control sensors and actuators in various domains such as agriculture, healthcare, smart homes, and industrial applications. The project uses Bluetooth communication HC 05 to transmit sensor and actuator information to an Android based mobile application.In the agriculture domain, a soil moisture sensor is used to monitor the soils moisture level and a DC water pump controlled by an L293D motor driver to irrigate crops accordingly. In the healthcare domain, a heart rate and SpO2 sensor MAX30100 monitors patients heartbeat and oxygen levels in real time and displays them on the mobile app and a 16x2 LCD display.In the smart homes’ domain, a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor measures temperature and humidity levels, and a DC fan controlled by an L293D motor driver is used to cool the environment accordingly. In the industrial domain, an MQ2 gas sensor and a flame sensor are used together to detect gas leakage and fire hazards, and a buzzer and a 16x2 LCD display are used to alert users and display messages accordingly. Dr. G Sirisha | Dr. Srinivasa Reddy | G Ashish Vardhan | N Aravind | K Meghana | G Sampath | G Rahul "Wireless Sensor Network Monitoring and Environment Control System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100170.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/100170/wireless-sensor-network-monitoring-and-environment-control-system/dr-g-sirisha

Cloud computing has emerged as a transformative force across various industries. It involves delivering a variety of capabilities through the power of the Internet, including storage, processing power, and software applications. The cloud is changing the way businesses and people operate. Cloud computing, with its scalability, accessibility, and cost effectiveness, has redefined the way organizations manage their human resources.Human resources HR , like many other business functions, has embraced the technological advancements of cloud computing, capitalizing on its advantages to digitize and enhance various processes. By adopting cloud based HR solutions, organizations can streamline processes, enhance data security, and improve employee engagement and productivity. The primary objective of this paper is to examine the strategic integration of cloud computing into HR functions. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Cloud Computing in Human Resources" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100171.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100171/cloud-computing-in-human-resources/matthew-n-o-sadiku

This article presents a comprehensive review study on the concept of Marma Sharir in Ayurveda and its clinical importance. Marma is very important structure present in the body which causes pain, injury or even death when getting injured. It is defined as a site where there is the meeting point of Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi, and Sandhi and where the Prana resides. In Ayurvedic classics Marma is illustrated as the vital point in human body, the injury of which leads to severe pain or may be termination of life. Presents life is very fast and furious causes so many injuries during accidents, sports, and may be during daily activities which lead in to sever pain, injuries, deformity or even death. To overcome these circumstances, we must know the vital parts of our body so that we take proper care to secure them from injuries. Marma plays very important role in making of sports guards, pads, helmets, and other accessories to use in sports to avoid injuries. It is also helpful while during any surgical procedure by avoiding injury to the adjacent vital point. Every individual must know about the vital parts of our body so that they prevent them from any type injury. Dr. Ankita Prashant Kankale | Dr. Pallavi Nibe "Significance of Marma Sharir and its Clinical Utility in Present Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100172.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100172/significance-of-marma-sharir-and-its-clinical-utility-in-present-era/dr-ankita-prashant-kankale

Amavata” is a krichrasadhya disorder which affects the daily life of an individual. It is a disease of Madhyam roga marga. It is a common disorder which is produced due to vitiation of vata dosha along with aggravation of ama in body. The etiopathogenesis of the disorder is it disturbs digestive fire causing impairment and accumulation of bio toxin ama in shleshmasthana, further it blocks the rasa vaha and asthivaha strotas and which results ultimately into “Amavata”. On the basis of clinical manifestation “Amavata” can be co related with Rheumatoid Arthritis. As according to Modern science Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic symmetrical arthritis with systemic involvement having symptoms like – involvement of small and large joints, stiffness, pain, swelling, deformity etc. The modern science management involves – Non – steroidal anti – inflammatory drugs, Glucocorticoids, DMARD’s etc. The long term use of these drugs has some side effects along with temporary relief. Due to this reason the Chikitsa siddhanta of acharya chakradutta was applied by using katu – tikta dravya, deepan – pachana dravya, various vata kapha shamka dravya, snehana – swedana procedure. Panchkarma is very important and one of the eminent treatments explained in classical text. In this case study patient was given Shodhana therapy with Erandmooladi Niruha Basti and saidhavadi Taila Anuvasana Basti along with Shamana Chikitsa Bhasma Vati . The patient got marked relief from this treatment. By doing these modalities “Amavata” was successfully treated and marked improvement with the help of subjective and objective parameters. During this treatment no adverse reaction was found. Dr. Pramod Laxmichand Gahane | Dr. Kalyani Pendam | Dr. Juned Kamar Ali Sayyed "An Ayurvedic Management Towards Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis) - A Single Case Report" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100173.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100173/an-ayurvedic-management-towards-amavata-rheumatoid-arthritis--a-single-case-report/dr-pramod-laxmichand-gahane

Rasendra Mangal in 8th century by Acharya Nagarjun has mentioned use of Parpati in Kushtha Roga Later in 11th century Acharya Chakrapani Dutt in Chakradutta mentioned its use in Grahani Roga. In 12th century Acharya Dunduknath has mentioned Kramagni increasing heat . In 18th century Bhaishajya Ratnavali has explained many Parpaties and Rasa Parpati made by Shrivatsanka Viniirmit is considered to be best. Later on, with development different Acharyas added different Dravyas with Parad and Gandhak to enhance its therapeutic actions. Parpati Kalpana is the Parada Bandha process of binding mercury which helps to reduce the Durgrahatva difficult to hold and Chanchalatva quickness or instability of Parada mercury 1. The term Parpati thin flake like medicine has been used in many context of Rasa Shastra. Parpati is a thin Flake like preparation consisting of Parada, Gandhaka sulphur and other drugs which are developed from Parada. This Preparation of Parada consist therapeutically effective minerals and metallic formulations which includes both Sagandha with sulphur and Nirgandha without sulphur Parada Murchita Yoga medicines prepared out of mercury . Parpati Rasayanas have high therapeutic value, potency, less toxicity and cost effective preparations. Many works have been done on Parpati related to its pharmaceutical, clinical and literary part but so far, there is no work on Parpati Kalpana. Considering detailed review on Pharmaceutical and Analytical Parameters applicable for Parpati preparations. So, in this paper an honest attempt has been made to have a systematic overview of Parpati Kalpanas. Dr. Prashant S. Nimbalkar | Prof. Vishal Shamrao Patil | Prof. Prafull Arjun Patil "Conceptual Study on Parpati Kalpana" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100174.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100174/conceptual-study-on-parpati-kalpana/dr-prashant-s-nimbalkar

Timely detection of Chronic Kidney Disease CKD is important to develop patient outcomes and reduce the burden of end stage renal failure. ‘Machine learning ML ’ techniques offer promising tools for early and accurate prediction of CKD by leveraging clinical, demographic, and lifestyle data. This research intended to identify the most relevant clinical, demographic, and lifestyle indicators of CKD, and assess the predictive precision of several machine learning models, and enhance model interpretability through explainable AI techniques. This study utilized a balanced dataset derived through the ‘Random Over Sampling Examples ROSE technique’, addressing the inherent class imbalance between CKD and non CKD cases. Feature selection was conducted using a hybrid approach combining ‘Recursive Feature Elimination RFE ’ and Random Forest importance metrics to detect the supreme influential predictors. Five machine learning models “Logistic Regression”, “Random Forest”, “Support Vector Machine SVM ”, “Decision Tree”, and “XGBoost” were instructed and assessed. Performance was assessed by means of “Accuracy”, “Sensitivity”, “Specificity”, “Kappa statistic”, and “Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve AUC ”. Model interpretability was further enriched through Shapley Additive Explanations SHAP analysis. Amongst the models tested, XGBoost attained the highest testing accuracy 97.79 and AUC 0.9979 , followed thoroughly by Random Forest. SHAP analysis revealed that clinical markers such as “Serum Creatinine”, “Glomerular Filtration Rate GFR ”, “Protein in Urine”, and “Fasting Blood Sugar” were the most significant contributors to model predictions. Interpretability assessments confirmed that model outputs were consistent with clinical knowledge of CKD risk factors. ‘Machine Learning Models’, particularly ensemble methods like XGBoost and Random Forest, can reliably predict chronic kidney disease when united with effective feature selection and data balancing approaches. Incorporating model interpretability techniques such as SHAP values ensures transparency and fosters trust in predictive analytics for clinical applications. To improve early CKD detection and management, future research should incorporate with clinical decision support systems and external validation. Deepti Rani Pattanaik | Monalisha Pattnaik "Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Data-Driven Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100179.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100179/comparative-analysis-of-machine-learning-models-for-datadriven-chronic-kidney-disease-prediction/deepti-rani-pattanaik

One of the main forces driving rural development is financial inclusion, which enables the poor to get access to fundamental financial services. This essay examines the complex relationship between financial inclusion and rural growth, emphasizing how microfinance, digital banking, and cooperative models help to create more economic chances for rural populations. Financial inclusion can boost general self sufficient means by investing in agriculture, starting small and medium sized businesses, and providing credit, savings, insurance, and payment systems. It also supports resilience against financial shocks and helps one more fully participate in the national and local economies. The research emphasizes how overcoming obstacles to rural financial service access depends on suitable financial products, community involvement, and supportive legal systems. Encouragement of financial inclusion will eventually lead to rural areas sustainable development, poverty reduction, and economic equality promotion. Mrs. Subhra Routray "Financial Inclusion for Rural Development in Angul District of Odisha" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100180.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100180/financial-inclusion-for-rural-development-in-angul-district-of-odisha/mrs-subhra-routray

Narikela Lavana is one among the formulation mentioned in Rasatarangini for the management of Amlapitta which is commonly encountered disease of Annavaha Srotas described in various classical Ayurvedic texts. It possesses the Pachana and Pitta Shamaka property. Due to in search of Saindhava Lavana substitute as Sauvarchala Lavana in the preparation of Narikela Lavana this study was planned. To compile information regarding ingredients in Narikela Lavana with its preparation as mentioned in Rasatarangini. To do a complete Analytical Study of Narikela Lavana by using Saindhava Lavana and Sauvarchala Lavana. To carry out a clinical study on the management of Amlapitta with Narikela Lavana by using Saindhava Lavana and Sauvarchala Lavana. Dr. Shreedhar Kalyanamath | Dr. Mahesh Madalageri | Dr. Poornima K Bellad "A Comparative Pharmaceutico Analytical Study of Narikela Lavana by Using Saindhava Lavana & Sauvarchala Lavana and Its Clinical Efficacy in Amlapitta" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100195.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/ayurvedic/100195/a-comparative-pharmaceutico-analytical-study-of-narikela-lavana-by-using-saindhava-lavana-and-sauvarchala-lavana-and-its-clinical-efficacy-in-amlapitta/dr-shreedhar-kalyanamath

Background Rheumatoid arthritis RA is a chronic, systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis, progressive joint destruction, and functional disability. Despite advances in conventional management, long term pharmacotherapy may be associated with adverse effects and incomplete remission. Homoeopathy emphasizes individualized treatment based on totality of symptoms and miasmatic understanding, as described in the Organon of Medicine. Case Presentation A 49 year old female presented with chronic bilateral knee joint pain of several years’ duration, associated with redness, swelling, heat, shifting nature of pain, and marked intolerance to touch and covering. Laboratory findings revealed elevated ESR 50 mm hr and positive Rheumatoid Factor 100 IU mL . The case was analyzed through complete repertorization, considering mental generals restlessness, overthinking , physical generals hot patient, reduced appetite , and characteristic particulars. Based on totality, Aconitum napellus 200 was prescribed. Intervention and Outcome The patient was followed for three months. Progressive clinical improvement was observed, including reduction in pain intensity, improved joint mobility, and better functional capacity. The RAPS score reduced from 10 at baseline to 5 at the third follow up, indicating significant symptomatic improvement. Conclusion This case demonstrates the potential role of individualized homoeopathic treatment selected through complete repertorization in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. The improvement observed suggests that constitutional and anti miasmatic prescribing based on totality may contribute to symptomatic relief and improved quality of life in chronic inflammatory conditions. Dr. Purvi Parmar | Dr. Vipul Shastri "Individualized Homoeopathic Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Complete Repertory: A Case Report" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100181.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/100181/individualized-homoeopathic-management-of-rheumatoid-arthritis-using-complete-repertory-a-case-report/dr-purvi-parmar

The COVID 19 pandemic significantly accelerated the adoption of digital payment platforms, transforming them from optional conveniences into essential tools for daily financial transactions. While the initial surge in usage was largely driven by health concerns and contactless payment preferences, sustained usage in the post pandemic period depends on deeper behavioural factors such as trust, satisfaction and habit formation. This study examines the transition from pandemic induced adoption to habit formation and its influence on digital payment continuance intention in Bengaluru. Primary data were collected from 300 digital payment users through a structured questionnaire. The study analyzed key variables including perceived security, system reliability, customer trust, user satisfaction and habit formation. Statistical tools such as descriptive analysis, reliability testing, correlation, multiple regression and Structural Equation Modeling SEM were employed to evaluate direct and indirect relationships among variables. The findings reveal that perceived security and system reliability significantly strengthen customer trust and satisfaction, which subsequently contribute to habit formation. Habit formation emerged as a strong predictor of continuance intention, indicating that repeated positive usage experiences during and after the pandemic have transformed digital payments into routine financial behaviour. The study highlights that trust acts as a critical mechanism in converting initial pandemic driven adoption into long term engagement. The research offers valuable insights for digital payment service providers, financial institutions and policymakers seeking to sustain digital payment growth by reinforcing trust, enhancing system performance and fostering habitual usage patterns in post pandemic digital ecosystems. Ms. Anusha Kalburgikar | Dr. Srinath T K "From Pandemic Adoption to Habit Formation: A Study on Digital Payment Continuance in Bengaluru" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100182.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100182/from-pandemic-adoption-to-habit-formation-a-study-on-digital-payment-continuance-in-bengaluru/ms-anusha-kalburgikar

In a culturally conservative society where women were traditionally confined within domestic boundaries, the Indian freedom movement opened new spaces for female participation in public life. In Odisha, one of the most remarkable yet under recognized figures of this transformation was Sarala Devi 1904–1986 . A freedom fighter, social reformer, legislator, and literary personality, she played a pioneering role in mobilizing women during the Gandhian era. This paper examines her contribution to the nationalist movement, her advocacy for women’s emancipation, her organizational leadership, and her literary engagement as instruments of social reform. The study argues that Sarala Devi represents a significant bridge between regional nationalism and early feminist consciousness in Odisha. Despite her immense contributions, she remains marginalized in mainstream historiography. Reassessing her legacy is essential for reconstructing a more inclusive narrative of India’s freedom struggle. Dr. Diptimayee Behera "Sarala Devi: The Forgotten Revolutionary Woman of Odisha" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100163.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100163/sarala-devi-the-forgotten-revolutionary-woman-of-odisha/dr-diptimayee-behera

Immersive technology is emerging as a game changer for businesses across industries and in human resources HR in particular. It is no longer a futuristic concept but a present day reality transforming the way we approach HR training and development. Immersive technology in HR aims to bridge the gap between the physical world and the digital, creating unique experiences that are easily accessible and highly engaging.Its ability to offer immersive, interactive, and personalized learning experiences presents a unique opportunity for organizations to enhance their training programs and elevate employee engagement. By leveraging this technology, we can create immersive modules intentionally crafted as alternative experiential learning methods that simulate the workplace. This paper seeks to explore the growing intersection between HR and immersive technologies. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Immersive Technologies in Human Resources" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100209.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100209/immersive-technologies-in-human-resources/matthew-n-o-sadiku

The formation of Odisha as a separate linguistic province in 1936 represents a significant milestone in Indian political and cultural history. At the center of this historic achievement was Madhusudan Das, popularly known as Madhubabu, whose visionary leadership laid the foundation for Odia linguistic nationalism. This paper examines his pioneering role in advocating linguistic reorganization, mobilizing Odia identity, and institutionalizing collective consciousness through organized movements such as the Utkal Sammilani. It further evaluates post independence legislative efforts to implement Odia as the official language and highlights the continuing challenges in fulfilling his linguistic vision. The study concludes that while political statehood was achieved, the complete institutional realization of Odia as a functional administrative language remains an ongoing responsibility. Dr. Diptimayee Behera "Madhubabu: The Linguistic Revolutionary and the Formation of Odisha" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100183.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/odia/100183/madhubabu-the-linguistic-revolutionary-and-the-formation-of-odisha/dr-diptimayee-behera

Vote buying, which is also called electoral clientelism or money for votes, refers to the practice where political actors offer money, goods, services, or benefits to voters in an election. The payment may be direct cash or indirect food, transport, goods which is intended to influence voting behavior. This tends to undermine autonomy of voters and compromises electoral integrity. Vote buying is as a result of several factors such as poverty and economic inequality to weak institutions and law enforcement, patron client political culture, low political awareness or trust, and cycle of corruption. The practice can be clandestine or public, depending on the legal risks and local political norms. Combatting vote buying would involve legal sanctions, electoral monitoring, civic education, campaign finance regulation, and institutional strengthening. The paper understudies the immediate remote causes, the effects of vote buying, and how it tends to undermine democracy as well as sustainable development. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Vote Buying" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100202.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100202/vote-buying/paul-a-adekunte

Influencer marketing relies extensively on data driven targeting mechanisms that collect, process, and monetize large volumes of user information, thereby raising significant concerns related to data privacy. This study undertakes a comparative and longitudinal assessment of relative data privacy exposure associated with influencer targeting practices across four major social media platforms Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, and Twitter X . Using six years 2020–2025 of aggregated secondary data drawn from platform transparency reports, privacy policy audits, regulatory disclosures, academic literature, and cybersecurity firm assessments, the study quantifies platform level privacy risks through the construction of a composite Privacy Exposure Index PEI . The PEI integrates indicators relating to data scope and sensitivity, third party data sharing, and the effectiveness of user privacy controls. The empirical results reveal statistically significant variation in PEI scores across platforms and over time p 0.001 , leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis. Platforms characterized by algorithmic content discovery and AI driven personalization exhibit consistently higher privacy exposure. TikTok records the highest average PEI across the study period, while YouTube demonstrates the steepest growth in exposure, indicating a rapid intensification of data intensive targeting practices. Twitter X maintains comparatively lower exposure levels, although its upward trend suggests gradual convergence toward more intrusive data usage. Instagram displays high but relatively stable exposure, reflecting mature and entrenched data monetization structures. Ms. Kavya. S | Dr. (Prof) T. K Srinath "Assessing Relative Data Privacy Exposure in Influencer Targeting: A Comparative Study of Social Media Platforms" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100194.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100194/assessing-relative-data-privacy-exposure-in-influencer-targeting-a-comparative-study-of-social-media-platforms/ms-kavya-s

Hinduism is the oldest religion still practiced today. Its same power has allowed it to endure for thousands of years despite years of harsh tolerance, apathy, rejection, and poor judgment from people all around the world, particularly the west. Despite being besieged by multiple invaders, Hinduism has persevered and even rejected its disintegration and chaos. Hinduism lacks a single founder or creed that its adherents consider essential to the faith, as well as a single sacred text that is widely acknowledged as being of fundamental significance. Hinduism does not have a single founder, a single holy book, or a fixed set of doctrines. Instead, it is a complex and diverse way of life that includes philosophy, spirituality, rituals, moral values, and social traditions. Despite its diversity, Hinduism is united by several core teachings that guide the spiritual and moral life. Hinduism presents a comprehensive moral vision that governs personal conduct, social responsibility, environmental harmony, and respect for life. Its ethical system is rooted in spiritual philosophy and emphasizes balance, duty, compassion, and reverence for all forms of existence. Hindu ethical, environmental, and bioethical principles are closely interconnected and arise from core concepts such as dharma, karma, ahimsa, and the belief in the unity of life. Neha Kumari | Archana Kumari Sah "Hinduism in the Postmodern Era: Core Teachings and Contemporary Ethical, Environmental, and Bioethical Perspectives" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100196.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/100196/hinduism-in-the-postmodern-era-core-teachings-and-contemporary-ethical-environmental-and-bioethical-perspectives/neha-kumari

Modern Kerala is the byproduct of long and intricate historical processes. Various historical epochs played a crucial role in the construction of contemporary Kerala society among them the society’s embrace of modernity and the renaissance movements which encompassed are vital ones. In these historical drives challenging caste was a central theme and the Dalit movements played a significant part in it. In the long history of Dalit movements in Kerala, the reform movements started during 19th century which had a great impact on the orthodox Kerala society. These movements were fundamentally well organized, powerful and systemic. This paper is an attempt to explore how these Dalit movements instigate Kerala society’s journey towards modernity, how it articulated the notion of equality in stratified Kerala, and how the luminaries from Dalit community contributed in it. Dr. Lijitha T Thampy "Kerala and Its Trajectory to Modernity: Historical Outlining of Role of Caste and Dalit Movements" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100188.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/100188/kerala-and-its-trajectory-to-modernity-historical-outlining-of-role-of-caste-and-dalit-movements/dr-lijitha-t-thampy

Prostitution, also known as “commercial sex work,” is the exchange of sexual acts for money payment or goods, which is often considered as one of the oldest professions but largely illegal or heavily restricted globally. Prostitution is most often driven by many factors such as poverty, unemployment, coercion, or peer pressure, and is associated with risks like sexual exploitation, trafficking, and sexually transmitted diseases STIs . It is recognized as a complex issue involving, in some cases, the trafficking of vulnerable individuals, particularly women, who may be coerced into the profession or industry. Prostitutes sex workers may be female or male or transgender, and may entail heterosexual or homosexual activity, but historically most prostitutes have been women and most clients are men. From religious perspective, prostitution is considered as a moral wrong in itself but individuals involved can obtain God’s redemption and mercy, as it is a violation of divine intent for sexuality, which is designed for the covenant of marriage. Our body is the “temple of the Holy Spirit,” not to be degraded by prostitution, viewed as sin. The paper looks into prostitution in a broader dimension and the social cost to the society at large. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Prostitution" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100201.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100201/prostitution/paul-a-adekunte

Introduction Anemia is one of the most frequent complications related to pregnancy. Normal physiologic changes in pregnancy affect the hemoglobin, and there is a relative or absolute reduction in Hb concentration. The most common true anemia during pregnancy are iron deficiency anemia approximately 75 and folate deficiency megaloblastic anemia, which are more common in women who have inadequate diets and who are not receiving prenatal iron and folate supplements. Severe anemia may have adverse effects on the mother and the fetus. Anemia with hemoglobin levels less than 6 gm dl is associated with poor pregnancy outcome. Prematurity, spontaneous abortions, low birth weight, and fetal deaths are complications of severe maternal anemia. Nevertheless, a mild to moderate iron deficiency does not appear to cause a significant effect on fetal hemoglobin concentration. An Hb level of 11 gm dl in the late first trimester and also of 10 gm dl in the second and third trimesters is suggested as lower limits for Hb concentration. In an iron deficient state, iron supplementation must be given and follow up is indicated to diagnose iron unresponsive anemia Aim of study The study aimed at assess the knowledge of anemia among antenatal mothers at civil hospitals in Jalalabad w Fazilka. Material and method Non experimental research approach and descriptive research design was used. Total 100 antenatal mothers were selected by convenience sampling technique from civil hospitals of Jalalabad w Fazilka. Structured knowledge questionnaire and self reporting checklist was used to assess the knowledge and incidences of anemia among antenatal mothers and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results The findings of the study revealed that the mean knowledge score of antenatal mothers was 11.38±3.38. Good knowledge regarding anemia 34 68 Excellent knowledge 07 14 Average knowledge regarding 09 185 . Conclusion It is concluded that mothers has good knowledge regarding anemia in pregnancy. Harpreet Kaur | Parminder Kaur "A Descriptive Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Anemia among Antenatal Mothers Attending Antenatal OPD at Civil Hospital, Jalalabad(W), Fazilka, Punjab" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100200.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100200/a-descriptive-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-regarding-anemia-among-antenatal-mothers-attending-antenatal-opd-at-civil-hospital-jalalabadw-fazilka-punjab/harpreet-kaur

The rapid proliferation of Generative Artificial Intelligence GenAI technologies in K–12 educational environments has generated significant pedagogical, ethical, and governance challenges. While policy advisories from organizations like UNESCO and national education ministries have emerged globally, empirical evidence supporting scalable institutional governance frameworks remains limited, particularly for large scale implementations. This study develops and validates a Responsible Generative AI Adoption Framework RGAIF implemented across 2,000 students Grades VI–XII and 120 educators over a full academic year 2024–2025 at Lancers Convent Senior Secondary School. Employing a quasi experimental stratified sampling design with control n=850 and intervention n=1,150 groups, the study evaluates four key outcomes AI dependency behavior, higher order cognitive engagement, academic integrity compliance, and AI literacy competency. Instruments included the AI Dependency Index ADI, a=0.86 , Higher Order Cognitive Engagement Score HOCES, a=0.83 , Academic Integrity Compliance Rate AICR , and AI Literacy Competency Scale AILCS . Statistical analyses one way ANOVA, ANCOVA with baseline covariates, hierarchical multiple regression, and Cohen’s d effect sizes demonstrate statistically significant improvements responsible AI behavior F 1,1998 =28.64, p 0.001, ²=0.21 , cognitive engagement F 1,1998 =24.11, p 0.001, ²=0.19 , and integrity compliance F 1,1998 =31.07, p 0.001, ²=0.23 . The hierarchical regression model explains 52 of variance in responsible AI engagement R²=0.52, R²=0.23 for RGAIF . Effect sizes range from moderate to large Cohen’s d=0.72–0.89 . Findings confirm that layered governance integrating institutional policy, technical safeguards, and pedagogical AI literacy significantly outperforms prohibition e.g., temporary bans or unregulated adoption strategies. Compared to smaller studies n 500 , this research provides robust external validity. The RGAIF offers a scalable blueprint for K–12 ecosystems worldwide, contributing empirically grounded insights to AI governance in education. Varsha Sharma "Responsible Generative AI Adoption Framework for K–12 Institutions: A Large-Scale Empirical Validation Study Across 2,000 Learners" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100178.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/100178/responsible-generative-ai-adoption-framework-for-k–12-institutions-a-largescale-empirical-validation-study-across-2000-learners/varsha-sharma

The Vishwakarma Yojana aims to enhance knowledge and contribute to the improvement of villages by providing sustainable solutions while preserving the soul of rural life. Under this scheme, villages are surveyed to identify existing infrastructure, basic facilities, and areas for improvement. The goal is to urbanize villages in a way that ensures peace of mind for residents by offering essential amenities without disrupting their traditional lifestyle. As part of this initiative, Sampa village in Godhra Taluka, Panchmahal District, Gujarat, was studied to assess its current situation and compare it to the vision of an ideal village. Through this project, technical knowledge was applied practically, enabling a deeper understanding of rural challenges and opportunities. Sampa village is located approximately 15 kilometers from the district headquarters, Godhra, and has a population of 11,235 as per the 2011 Census. The primary occupation of the residents includes agriculture and labor. The village has several basic facilities, such as primary and secondary schools, Anganwadi centers, and milk production businesses. About 70 80 of the roads are constructed with bitumen, while the remaining are gravel roads. Electricity is available 24 7, supplied by MGVCL Madhya Gujarat Vij Company LTD . However, there is a need for further development in terms of infrastructure and public facilities. Based on the survey and feedback from villagers, proposed developments for Sampa include the construction of an elevated water tank, a community hall, public toilets, a Sarpanch or Talati office, and a skill development center. These projects aim to improve living standards, reduce migration, and ensure the holistic development of the village while fostering a balance between modernization and cultural preservation. Rana Vraj H. | Rathod Sandip Kumar R. | Prof. D. J. Panchal | Prof. (Dr.) P. M. Shah "Vishwakarma Yojna: An Approach Towards Rurbanisation for Sampa Village Panchmahal, Gujarat" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100186.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/100186/vishwakarma-yojna-an-approach-towards-rurbanisation-for-sampa-village-panchmahal-gujarat/rana-vraj-h

Gamification is the application of game elements in a non game context, such as point systems, badges, leaderboards, and challenges, to make tasks more interesting and challenging. It has emerged as a compelling approach to enhancing employee engagement and workplace productivity. Gamification in HR refers to the strategic application of game design elements such as points, badges, levels, leaderboards, and challenges within HR processes to enhance engagement, motivation, and performance. It is a transformative concept encapsulating the integration of interactive elements into processes that traditionally lack game like features. It is how online games are used to engage employees in different activities throughout the employee journey. In this paper, we will explore how gamification in human resources fosters behavior change, strengthens company values, and improves talent retention. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "Gamification in Human Resources" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100210.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/100210/gamification-in-human-resources/matthew-n-o-sadiku

Modern business environment is becoming more complex due to competition, continuous technological advancements and changing in customer’s behaviours. As a result of these changes, business organizations have realized the significance of integrating risk management into their strategies. The research reviewed many Enterprice Risk Management ERM frameworks such as Casuality Actuarial Sociaty Framework CAS, 2003 , Committee of Sponsoring Organization COSO, 2004 , Assets Supervision and Administration Commission SASAC,2006 , Committee of Sponsoring Organization COSO,2017 , The International Risk Management Standard 2009 Framework, Global Association of Risk Professional GARP.2017 Framework, International Risk Management Standard ISO, 31 000 2018 Framework, Control Objectives for Information and related Technology COBIT 5 2018 Framework, Integrated ERM Practice Framework 2017 e.t.c to help practitioners to select the best risk management framework comparing the strength and weakness of their entities. The review reveal that the existing frameworks are little integrated with the corporate control systems, including strategic planning and management control. Isah, Bishir Malumfashi. | Usman, Yunusa Kofar-Sauri. | Abdulrazaq, Mustapha. | Musa-Haddary Y. G. | Ahmadu, A. Hassan. "An Enterprise Risk Management Frameworks: A Critical Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100167.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/100167/an-enterprise-risk-management-frameworks-a-critical-review/isah-bishir-malumfashi

Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs constitute significant portions of the economy in both developed and developing countries and SMEs are the biggest contributors to employment across countries and this contribution is greater in low income countries than the higher income ones., Most of the frameworks for managing risks focus on large scale businesses where well establish systems and processes are in place plus risk management expert on duty. The study adopted a quantitative approach to assess relevant ERM framework constructs and SMEs variables to develop conceptual ERM framework for SMEs. The research was conducted by examining literature followed by field survey. The aim of the study is to develop a Conceptual Enterprise Risk Management ERM framework for construction SMEs with the view to enhance their risk management effort. ERM framework constructs and SMEs organizational structure variables were identified through literature review. The data was collected using structured questionnaire. Similarly, the study employs Mean M , Standard Deviation SD , Factor Analysis FA and Structural Equation Modelling SEM methods of analysis was used to analyzed the collected data. A comprehensive list of 11,904 Construction Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs were obtained from Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria SMEDAN with a sample size of 371. The study identified sixteen 16 ERM framework variables and thirteen 13 SMEs organizational structure variables. The research provides an understanding of ERM framework constructs as ERM Process, ERM Control, ERM Context and construction SMEs organizational structure variables as Lower Management, Middle Management, Top Management The conceptual framework developed expressed the relationship between ERM framework constructs and SMEs Organizational Structure Constructs. Isah, Bishir Malumfashi. | Usman, Yunusa Kofar-Sauri. | Abdulrazaq, Mustapha. | Musa-Haddary Y. G. | Ahmadu, A. Hassan. "Conceptual Enterprise Risk Management Framework for Small and Medium Construction Enterprise" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100168.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/100168/conceptual-enterprise-risk-management-framework-for-small-and-medium-construction-enterprise/isah-bishir-malumfashi

Introduction Exclusive breastfeeding is a vital practice recommended by the WHO for the first six months of an infants life as it provides optimal nutrition and strengthen the immune system. A descriptive research design was employed. The main study was carried out among 100 primigravida mothers selected through a purposive sampling technique to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding exclusive EBF. Data collection was done using a structured tool divided into three sections Part 1 covered socio demographic data, Part 2 self structured interview schedule, Part 3 structured the low infant feeding attitude scale. Data collection is analysis with descriptive and inferential statistics. Result Findings of the study reveals that out of 100 mothers, 4 have good knowledge,29 have average and 67 have below average knowledge regarding EBF. The attitude score, 8 have unfavorable attitude, 89 have moderate and3 have favorable attitude towards EBF. Conclusion From the findings of the study concluded that more than average primigravida mothers have deficit knowledge and attitude regarding exclusive breastfeeding. Richa Sharma | Amandeep Kumar | Sukhwinder Kaur "A Study to Assess the Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Exclusive Breastfeeding among Primigravida Mothers at Selected Hospitals of Jalalabad, Punjab" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-10 | Issue-1 , February 2026, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd100220.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/100220/a-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-and-attitude-regarding-exclusive-breastfeeding-among-primigravida-mothers-at-selected-hospitals-of-jalalabad-punjab/richa-sharma