Humans are constantly exposed to chemicals from the environment through inhalation, some of which produce adverse health consequences. This research was done to evaluate the effect of formalin vapor inhalation on the cerebellum of male Wistar rats. Fourteen adult male Wister rats weighing 150-180g were divided into two groups of 7 rats each based on similarity of weight. Group A was the control group and received food and water. Groups B was exposed to 50ml of formalin for 5mins daily in an inhalation chamber for a period of 14 days. On day 15, the rats were weighed and subjected to neurobehavioral studies after which they were sacrificed. The cerebella of two rats from each group were fixed in Bouin’s fluid for histological studies. The brains of the remaining five rats were used for antioxidant studies. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and presented as Mean ± SD of 7 rats in each group. Values were significant at P=0.05. Percentage increases in weight of rats were also calculated. Our results reveal that the animals in the experimental group were under oxidative stress as MDA levels were significantly higher in the group B compared to the control. There was significant increase in weight of rats across the two groups. However, the percentage of increase was lower in the experimental group B compared to the control. Results of the neurobehavioral studies reveal that there was significant reduction in the muscular strength of rats in the experimental group compared to the control. From our result, we can conclude that formalin vapor inhalation has neurodegenerative effects on the cerebellum of adult male Wistar rats.

From the beginning, an important role of the soil microflora Observed ions in the recycling of organic matter and maintenance of its fertility. However, after the Green Revolution, new farming techniques Introduced, associated with new inputs reflected in unsustainable practices, with Increased energy consumption, soil degradation and reduced food quality. In this context, the present work sought to evaluate the use of effective microorganisms in lettuce and cherry tomatoes to the sustainable cultivation strategy without the use of fertilizers or pesticides. Initially, effective microorganisms Were Obtained from home-made fermented. Subsequently, the same was applied in cultures of smooth cherry tomato and lettuce in different types of soils and Concentrations. Bacterial species present with Identifications by mass spectrometry, dry weight and general aspect of the Evaluated cultivars for the different treatments, as well as soil quality, organic matter and chemical constituents concentration terms. Quantitative microbiological evaluation was determined by dilution of samples in saline soil in MH medium and plating. It is possible to observe que in addition Involving Both treatments of the fermented in the different Concentrations gave higher plant production and concentration of organic matter, as well as higher counts of CFU / mL Compared to the control treatments. This fact evidences the efficacy of the fermented product produced and Whose pH That Suggests it contains important organic acids present in the microorganisms. The microorganisms were found mostly identified the Bacillus sp, Reported by authors of the works being Several important inducers of plant growth.

The quality of irrigation water has the potential to significantly affect soil structural properties. The study was carried out at NARC Islamabad during August, 2017 to October, 2017 to investigate the effect of saline water on the soil characteristics as well as ionic concentrations in 4 olive varieties i.e. Uslo, Coratina, Carolea and Moraila having 3 months sprouted olive cuttings under different saline water treatments in tunnel. Six levels of saline water were artificially developed (ECw= 0,2,4,6,8,10 dSm-1). Completely randomized design was applied with three replications. Olive cuttings were irrigated with six saline water three times in a week. Results of this study indicated that soil pH was mentioned no differences with saline water irrigations among three olive varieties. However minute changes in soil pH were noted. Soil ECe was increased as well as the salinity of irrigation water was increased. Soil Na determined increasing trend as the salinity of irrigation water increased. Decreasing trend in soil K was noticed against the increasing of salinity levels by saline irrigation waters. Soil Ca+Mg described the increasing behaviour as the salinity of irrigation water increased. Na+ in leaf olive tissues showed increasing behaviour as the salinity of irrigation water increased. No difference was observed among three olive varieties. In leaf olive tissues showed increasing trend as the salinity of irrigation water increased. But the increasing trend is very minute as compared to the increase in Na+.

The research presented is a comparative evaluation applying finite element method (FEM) and control system of parameter distribution (CSPD) for predicting aluminum, potassium, arsenic, lead and manganese parameter of Tema Town in Sari-Toru, L.G.A of Rivers State, the simulation were carried out from distance 0-1.8km. The finite element method and control system of parameter distribution method revealed that as parameters dispersed from point zero distance, the concentrations is been reduced as results of soil filtration under homogenous porosity distribution processes within the aquiferous environment, both method developed a reliable order of migration of and , this conditions established indicates the purpose of investigation and monitoring of water quality parameters within water bearing deposition of Tema Town, both models proof a reasonable agreement as shown from the study. The investigation revealed that groundwater of Tema Town water parameters assessed are within World Health Organizational standard limit in terms of and .