(1960). The poem consists of six units with four lines for each. The theme is the hindering of the self’s desires due to individual and social reasons. In the units, the sweeping of the self’s desires into subconsciousness is told stage by stage in accordance with psychoanalitic data and the hindering factors are presented through their justifications. We hear the self (ego and super ego) speak to reveal the conflict experienced with an omniscient point of view and refer to the traditional morals of the society as the ultimate hinderer. The id (sub-self) is claimed to have been imprisoned in the “lower room”, through which the poem acquires a tangible aspect, and through scientific facts, the poem is positioned within a poetical frame. Containing some elements of harmony in a structural unity, the poem bears the traces of Necatigil from his intellectual background and linguistic style. In this context, it is possible to evaluate the poem Töre in line with other poems of Necatigil where the themes of loneliness, being introverted, being unable to realize individual and social desires are frequently told in an implied way.

At the end of each year, the British Ambassadors reported to the UK government a report on the developments that had taken place during that year. Sir Percy Loraine, who served as Turkey’s ambassador to Ankara between 1933-1937, also prepared reports on Turkey and presented it to the UK government. This study aims to examine how Turkish foreign policy is addressed in the Annual Reports of the Ankara Embassy of the United Kingdom of Turkey in 1933-1937 on Turkey.

In order to start with the demolition of civilization, which had an unrivaled institutionalization during the period of Roman Empire, XV. Many changes and transformations took place in Europe during the middle ages, including the time period until the end of the century. One of the most obvious changes has been experienced in European medical developments during this period. The papal institution was greatly influenced by the medical field, while under the pressure of every field to evaluate the void that occurred after Rome. The medieval medical mentality compared with the ancienty did not survive the entrance of the church on a single occasion, while this institution faced the danger of losing its gains due to its structure which suppressed the thought and perceived the secular foci as a threat. The medical world, which the church has oppressed and brought back to the state of horticulture, is XI. Up to hundredths of all dogma and superstition. However, after this date, the study of the works and progress of the ancient and Islamic civilizations, whether in secret or in secret, by a group of physicians consisting of minority - secular societies, has started a new era for European medicine. Especially the schooling that started with Salerno provided European medicine in this new period to take over the flag from the Islamic civilization and to be saved from church domination. This study assesses and concludes by combining the cultural values and thoughtfulness of western society with how it has progressed in the medieval period after reversing the reasons for decline in European medicine.

In our research we tried to inquire the place of women missionaries in the American Protestant missionary movement in the Arabian peninsula. We divided the subject as three periods according to the women missionaries who worked for the mission, their marital status and profession. In the first part, the role of missionary wives in Protestant missionary activities among indigenous women and girls of Arabia and the effort of formulating the mission structure and development in the peninsula. In the second part, it was debated that how and why single female missionaries started to join the mission and why these missionaries intensively improved mission’s health care service in the region and also turned their faces to the education of young girls. At the third part of the research, it was analyzed that way and with what kind of targets that the missionary organization decided to employ professional women missionaries and what is more, how oil investments changed the economic climate of the region and the impact of this oil richness on the missionary activities. Finally, the reasons that coursed the failure of the mission about conversion was taken into inquire and also the success of the mission on increasing the women’s statue in the Arabian society, culture and traditions.

History and memory studies are among the most controversial topics of our era. While the official history is made up of state discourse, personal history reaches the reader through the memories of the individuals. The events that leave traces in memory are passed on to future generations by oral history studies. The pasts of individuals whose individual experiences are unpacked by the oral historians give us more detailed information about the traumas individuals. Yiannis Karatzoglou also documents his past in order to pass the traumas of migration due to the Lausanne Convention signed in 1923 between Greece and Turkey. This study examines the impact of the social, cultural and political decisions of Turkey and Greece on individuals through the life story of Yiannis in the light of history and memory.

In our research we tried to inquire the place of women missionaries in the American Protestant missionary movement in the Arabian peninsula. We divided the subject as three periods according to the women missionaries who worked for the mission, their marital status and profession. In the first part, the role of missionary wives in Protestant missionary activities among indigenous women and girls of Arabia and the effort of formulating the mission structure and development in the peninsula. In the second part, it was debated that how and why single female missionaries started to join the mission and why these missionaries intensively improved mission’s health care service in the region and also turned their faces to the education of young girls. At the third part of the research, it was analyzed that way and with what kind of targets that the missionary organization decided to employ professional women missionaries and what is more, how oil investments changed the economic climate of the region and the impact of this oil richness on the missionary activities. Finally, the reasons that coursed the failure of the mission about conversion was taken into inquire and also the success of the mission on increasing the women’s statue in the Arabian society, culture and traditions.

This study enables to analyze power relationship and functioning in traditional concept by way of cinema. Cinematographic works bear the trace of social structure it is produced in. The movie in this study is considered as an indicator of traditional life. Current power relationships and being supplied of sustainability of conservative structure are very significant in rural areas. Therefore, any attempts which will transform power relationship by enabling social changing are rejected strictly. Davaro movie, whose main actor is Kemal Sunal, is a significant art of work which is fictionalised on custom and blood feud. It demonstrates power relationship in traditional concept and social order in an important realistic dose. Meanwhile, it is a significant example of “social realism” movement by showing events of real social structure. Ways of living, events and discourses have characteristics trying to protect order in general. In this sense, in this study sociological analysis of the movie is considered as part of “functionalist approach”.

Asli Erdogan is one of the significant authors of the recent period of Turkish literature. In Erdogan’s works which cover her novels, short stories and essays it is observable that she continuously endevours to question “the act of writing”. Although she has likened the act of writing to an aimless journey her works contain certain clues about the natüre of this journey. Furthermore if we analyze the topic from the point of psychoanalytical data we can obtain some opportunities to make conclusions about the nature of this journey. In this article we have primarily dealt with the psychodynamic essentials of the act of writing in the light of data put forward by psychoanalysts and researchers interested in this topic. We have subsequently attempted to expose the inner inclinations of the journey of writing which Erdogan likens to an aimless one.

Land which was the main element of human life prior to the industrial age, was important for every region and state. This importance of the land has given meaning to how and in which way its cultivation will be. Therefore, in the Middle Ages, the states attempted to cultivate the land and benefit from it in the best way possible. Horasan region was quite important in terms of its geographical location in the Middle Ages. Having a physical structure suitable for agriculture and with irrigation possibilities, made the land and the land cultivation here important. Islam dominated Khorasan region during the time of Caliph Uthman ibn Affan, a new order was established as the old order was demolished as of this date. Because of the role that land ownership had in administration and economy, the land system also affected by this change. With the Abbasids, an accumulation and change occurred in the land system. This study examines the understanding of the land system applied starting from the introduction of Islam to the region until domination of the Buwayhids in the region to the beginning of military Iqta.