Radon indoor concentrations and its relation with lung cancer has been an unknown problem for a long time. At present, because of the governmental agencies normatives, it has a place on public health agendas. There are several factors that influences in this problem, being the atmospheric pressure, the type of construction and, mainly, the geological substrate part of these factors. The target of the current work is establishing the relation of the harmful radon concentrations with the geologic substrate in the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. To achieve this, the Galicia Radon Laboratory (RADONGAL) has more than 4.000 measurements over one of the regions of the NW of the Iberian Peninsula, Galicia, which, combined with the geological shapefile can determinate, in an approximate way, this relation. Two cases with different geological setups, and different concentration values range, has been analysed to determinate which materials present the higher radon concentrations in the territory and which are the radon-prone areas where a priority actuation is required. Keywords: Cartography, GIS, Human Health, Natural Hazards, Radon-prone areas

The November 30, 2018 M 7.1 earthquake near Anchorage, Alaska was caused by a deep normal fault. It was limited to a Yakutat plate as based on a new proposed tectonic model which reflected the movement of a block of this west-southwest subducting plate into the Cook Inlet subduction zone. This movement was strongly influenced by a deeper and faster north-northwest subducting Pacific plate. It is evident that the Cook Inlet subduction zone has two distinct subducting plates in contrast to the Aleutian subduction zone to the immediate southwest which has just one. Similar normal fault events also exist for the region, but ones comparable to the November 30 size are unknown. However other deep to shallow M 7± earthquakes associated with large strike-slip faults in the Yakutat plate have been common and are called slice faults. In addition, varying types of megathrust earthquakes occur. The great 1964 Alaska earthquake reflected a sudden megathrust slip principally between the Pacific and the Yakutat plates for the offshore region of southcentral Alaska. Based on paleoseismic data a similar oceanic megathrust is expected in about 800 years. Paleoseismic evidence and the mechanics of the November 30 event indicate more continental megathrust earthquakes also occur along the bottom and top of the Yakutat plate with the Pacific and the North American plates, respectively. In fact, based on this paleoseismic data and on present crustal folding for the Cook Inlet region, a more continental megathrust earthquake is expected in about 230± years which would be due to west-southwest thrusting between the Yakutat and the North American plates. The November 30, 2018 earthquake would be small compared with such a predicted megathrust, but it is a very important precursor to it. The November 30 event also helps to confirm the existence of a Redoubt slice fault within the Yakutat plate by defining its boundaries and nature. Collectively these elements verify the existence of a west-southwest subducting Yakutat plate with its regional strike-slip slice faults which helps to explain the seismicity and some of the complex geology of southcentral Alaska. Key words: megathrust earthquake, new tectonic model, paleoseismic data, precursor earthquake, recurrence earthquake, slice fault, Yakutat plate

The hydrolysis is a process of the mixtures of sludge and protein kitchen waste in a mixing ratio of 1:1 could be enhanced by adding sodium hypochlorite, releasing much more organic matter -than only sludge. Lab-scale sequential groups were operated with various concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (1.00 mg/g Total Solids (TS)5.00 mg/g TS, 15.00 mg/g TS, 25.00 mg/g TS, 50.00 mg/g TS and contrast blank group of concentration 0.00 mg/g TS) during 7 days of reaction. With the sodium hypochlorite concentration of 50 mg/g TS, the maximum released quantities of organic matter such as Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (SCOD), Protein (SPN) and Soluble Polysaccharide (SPS) by the mixtures of sludge and protein kitchen waste were 4.7, 3.6 and 1.9 times, respectively, compared to the only sludge hydrolysis. At the same time, it was 1.4, 2.3 and 1.2 times more than the controlled blank group for Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand, Soluble Protein and Soluble Polysaccharide, respectively. However, sodium hypochlorite inhibited the release of Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) from the sludge and mixture of sludge and protein kitchen waste. Keyword:sludge, protein kitchen waste, sodium hypochlorite, organic matter

River ecosystems have been greatly impaired by negative human activities. It is important to understand the relationships among the river structure, microbial abundance and enzyme activity of natural rivers for the restoration of impaired river ecosystems. The repeatedly occurring rapid-pool-bench land system (RPBS) is deemed a basic unit of natural river structure. Microbial abundance and enzyme activity in sediments of the RPBS are key processes that regulate a variety of ecological functions. However, detailed studies relating to a RPBS are scarce. We selected nine RPBSs in the Duliu River in China and studied the microbial abundance, enzyme activity, nutrients and heavy metals as influencing factors in the sediments of these RPBSs using the plate counting method, colorimetric methods, and atomic absorption spectrometry. The RPBSs were significantly different in microbial abundance, enzyme activity, nutrients and heavy metals. Bacteria, ammonifiers, actinomycetes, fungi, and denitrifying bacteria in the sediments of the pools of these RPBSs showed the greatest abundances. The number of bacteria was significantly larger than that of four other microbial groups. Total nitrogen had significant effects on microbial abundance. Catalase in bench lands, as well as phosphatase, urease and dehydrogenase in pools, exhibited high levels of activity and were significantly correlated with microbial abundances. Enzyme activity was substantially affected by N, Pb and As. The habitat heterogeneity represented by RPBSs altered the microbial abundance and enzyme activity, which regulated different ecological functions. The restoration of degraded rivers to include RPBSs is beneficial to diverse ecosystem functions. Key words: The rapids-pool-bench land system, microbes, enzyme activity, nutrient, ecosystem function, natural river

Based on the WRF-CMAQ model, this paper simulates the data of the daily mass concentration of black carbon aerosol at 16 different height levels of Wuhan City, makes the analysis of trajectory clustering and height profile and the calculation of trajectory concentration by HYSPLIT-4 model, reveals the feature of the air trajectory from the perspective of the source, the directions, the channel area, the number of trajectory, the ratio of the mass concentration of the single trajectory of black carbon to all the trajectory and other aspects, and tries to find the special level from the vertical direction according to the difference. The result shows that the trajectory distribution in different height levels shows the homonymous direction and co-originality during the study phase; the mass concentration of black carbon in all kinds of trajectory at different height levels presents a tendency to decrease from low level to high level, and the trajectory of the high mass concentration of black carbon mainly comes from Hunan Province, Henan Province, Jiangxi Province and other directions, which shows that the peripheral sources within short transmission distance cast larger influence to the mass concentration of black carbon; the level of 300m and 2600m is the key saltation layer in vertical direction, thus, the pollution by black carbon in Wuhan area are mainly from close range; from the first layer to the thirteenth layer(from 500m to 1800m), the low air masses have much influence, and from fourteenth layer to the sixteenth layer(from 3000m to 6400m), the high air masses have much influence. Key words: the Middle Yangtze River, Black Carbon Aerosol, vertical sedimentation, trajectory clustering, analysis of the source area

This research was carried out to delineate zones of high likelihood of landslide occurrence in view of the fatal incidence of September 2013 that buried a building and 9 occupants in the city area of Edim Otop. Method involved field geotechnical boring and laboratory analysis; remote sensing analysis of SRTM-(DEM) and Landsat ETM imageries to extract slope and aspect; land use land cover, drainage and normalized vegetation index. The zonation of landslide susceptible areas was implemented using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in a multi criteria decision analysis of factors important in landslide occurrence. Results of the AHP depicts that the ground slope contributes 32% to the likelihood of landslide occurrence, while the orientation of the slope (aspect), soil type, cohesion, friction angle, hydraulic conductivity, drainage, land use land cover and normalized vegetation index’s causative abilities to slope instability, failure and landslide susceptibility were 22%, 16%, 9%, 7%, 6%, 3%, 3%, and 2% respectively. Three landslide susceptibility zones of low, high and very high landslide susceptibility have been delineated. The ten deep gully sites sampled during the field studies all fall under the zone of very high land slide susceptibility including Edim Otop, the site of the September 2013 fatal rainfall induced incidence. Recommendations for management include risk and hazard quantification considering human occupation on very high landslide susceptibility areas, slope protection methods including excavated sections, use of sites of previous landslide such as Edim Otop as pilot projects to characterize the mechanism of slope instability and back analysis of slope failure as reference. Keywords: Soil cohesion, friction, soil slope and slope direction, remote sensing, landslide, Calabar.

In this paper tectonics induced syndepositional tensile fracturing, faulting and block kinematics during structural evolution of this tertiary field has been reconstructed and the orientations of present-day horizontal stresses determined. Balanced cross-section using well coordinates and wireline logs correlation to portray the present-day architecture of the deformed geometry and stratigraphy has indicated two flank faults. The stratigraphic section depicts offlapping cyclic sedimentation in the middle to outer neritic environment during the Oligocene – Miocene epoch. Syndeposional shear displacement of the interconnected fractures in NE – SW and NW – SE fault trends indicate the directions of the maximum horizontal stress and present day maximum horizontal stress orientations determined from compressional shear failures in vertical wellbores depict NE – SW, NW – SE and ENE – WSW dominant directions consistent with the major fracture zones in the Gulf of Guinea along which triple-junction rifting into Nigeria’s Benue trough aulacogen had occurred. Recent increase of earth tremors in Nigeria occurring in the NE – SW, NW – SE and ENE – WSW directions when correlated with the two tectonic episodes, the Aptian/Albian epeirogenic tectonism and the late Miocene – Pliocene faulting together with the present-day stress orientations all align in the axes of the major fracture zones that separated South America from Africa indicates that intraplate tectonic reactivation due to migration of the African plate along the major fracture zones that cut into Nigeria is imminent. Keywords: Tectonic stresses, well correlation, deformed geometry, kinematic reconstruction, wellbore breakout.