The subject of research is models for constructing image classifiers in the description space as a set of descriptors of key points in the recognition of visual objects in computer vision systems. The goal is to create and study the properties of the image classifier based on the construction of an ensemble of distributions for the components of the structural description using various models of classification decisions, which provides effective classification. Tasks: construction of classification models in the synthesized space of images of probability distributions, analysis of parameters influencing their efficiency, experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of classifiers by means of software modeling based on the results of processing the experimental image base. The applied methods are: ORB detector for formation of keypoint descriptors, data mining, mathematical statistics, means of determining relevance for sets of data vectors, software modeling. The obtained results: The developed method of classification confirms its efficiency and effectiveness for image classification. The effectiveness of the method can be enhanced by the introduction of a variety of types of metrics and measures of similarity between centers and descriptors, by the choice of method of forming centers for reference etalon descriptions, by the introduction of logical processing and compression of the structural description. The best results of the classification were shown by the model using the most important class by the distribution vector for each descriptor corresponding to the mode parameter. The use of a concentrated part of the description data makes it possible to improve its distinction from other descriptions. The use of the median as the center of description has an advantage over the mean. Conclusions. Scientific novelty is the development of an effective method of image classification based on the introduction of a system of probability distributions for data components, which contributes to in-depth analysis in the data space and increases in classification effectiveness. The classifier is implemented in the variants of comparing the integrated representation of distributions by classes and on the basis of mode analysis for the distributions of individual components. The practical importance of the work is the construction of classification models in the modified data space, confirmation of the efficiency of the proposed modifications of data analysis on examples of images, development of software models for implementation of the proposed classification methods in computer vision systems.