In this study, the effect of growth microstructure on diffusion and intermetallic compound of Sn-58Bi/SAC305 solder joint with different of SAC305 size and reflow temperature had been studied. For effect of different size, it used 180°C reflow temperature and 5minute reflow time with the size of SAC305 solder ball was 800µm, 900µm and 1000µm. For the reflow temperature would reflow at 160°C,170°C, 180°C, and 190°C for 5minute reflow time. After the reflow process, a sample would go through a several processes such as molding, grinding and polishing before undergoing material characterization. The diffusion area had shown an inversely relationship with SAC305 size and linearly relationship with temperature and time reflow. Besides, the IMC thickness was thinner with increasing of SAC305 size. In this finding, the area of Sn-58Bi/SAC305 solder joint could be predicted to enhance the package on package technology.

In this study, the effect of growth microstructure on diffusion and intermetallic compound of Sn-58Bi/SAC305 solder joint with different of SAC305 size and reflow temperature had been studied. For effect of different size, it used 180°C reflow temperature and 5minute reflow time with the size of SAC305 solder ball was 800µm, 900µm and 1000µm. For the reflow temperature would reflow at 160°C,170°C, 180°C, and 190°C for 5minute reflow time. After the reflow process, a sample would go through a several processes such as molding, grinding and polishing before undergoing material characterization. The diffusion area had shown an inversely relationship with SAC305 size and linearly relationship with temperature and time reflow. Besides, the IMC thickness was thinner with increasing of SAC305 size. In this finding, the area of Sn-58Bi/SAC305 solder joint could be predicted to enhance the package on package technology.

This paper explores the corrosion behavior of matrix Ti750 alloy and its composites prepared using SiCp, B4C, SiCw, and GPLs particles as reinforcement. The consolidation of the metallic powders was by spark plasma sintering method. The study chose mixed molten salt of 25% NaCl + 75% Na2SO4 as the corrosive medium and the hot corrosion behavior of the solid-solution aging at 800 °C. The study found that at the same corrosion temperature, the rate of change of the weight gain curves of all the materials was similar. The corrosion weight gain of the base material was the highest (14.10 mg.cm-2), whiles the 5vol.% SiCp reinforced composite had the lowest weight gain of 5.1 mg.cm-2, which is 36.17% of the base alloy. The corrosion products of all the materials were mainly composed of TiO2, Al2O3, Na2TiO3, and Al2TiO5. The peak of SiO2 was enhanced when SiCp was added, and there was no distinct peeling off of the corrosion layers, unlike the base material, which had partial shedding, deep cracks, and holes. The 5vol.% SiCp reinforced composite therefore possessed the best corrosion performance.

There is a need for competitive techniques for the synthesis of nanomaterials in the materials science research industry. Nanomaterials have significant relevance in the emerging technologies and cobalt nanoparticle being a modern nanomaterial is in high demand in this regard. In this research, cobalt nanoparticles have been synthesised through a simplified combined chemical-plant based technique which is non-toxic to the environment and most importantly less time consuming. The obtained cobalt nanoparticles were crystalline with uniformly distributed sizes, spherical in shape with little pores along the particles. The technique was simple and it can be replicated in the synthesis of other metal nanoparticles.

In order to obtain automobiles that comply with the increasingly severe pollution standards, as well as to obtain some of them at low costs, a technical-economic approach to the flow of the fuel fluid through the flow holes of the injection nozzles is necessary. Through the effect of hydropolishing the geometric characteristics of the hydraulic flow path, the flow path is modeled, reducing cavitation and achieving high performance. The fluid used is a fluid that has properties close to diesel and has SiC microparticles in suspension (manufacturing costs in in this case they are reduced). The article contains an analysis of the influence of the abrasive flow on the geometric parameters of the nozzle and implicitly on the operation of thermal engines. The results provide a means of identifying parameters that can be compared and evaluated in order to achieve the desired level of hydrodynamic efficiency.

The readily availability of natural fibers have made them to be less expensive compared to the synthetic fibers. Hence, highest substitute for synthetic fibers in composites development today is natural fibers. In this research, banana fiber was extracted by dew retting and treated with alkaline for surface modification and possibly strengthening. Both treated and untreated fibers were tested with universal tensile testing machine and examined their surface morphology with scanning electron microscopy.

The article depicts the study that has been conducted in investigating the impact that the sewing patterns have in regard to the carbon footprint of a single garment unit. The research has been conducted by following a practical method of drafting Zero Waste sewing patterns, that can be applied in the conceptual apparel’s design, with the aim to prevent the generation of pre-consumer fabric waste throughout the manufacturing process, and thus preventing unnecessary CO2 emissions. The results provide valuable insight, which prove that by using geometric patterns, the CO2 footprint for a single garment unit can be reduced by 0.003 kg CO2.