Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a malignancy with high metastatic potential. Although the treatment has improved over the past few decades, the survival rate is still low, and there is a pressing need for targeted therapies. A variety of microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles and candidate genes have been studied in EC, which obviously supports the key role of miRNA in the pathogenesis of EC. In order to better understand the importance of miRNA in the development of EC, this article reviews the current information about many important miRNAs as they relate to the progression of EC.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the potency of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with core decompression and allogeneic fibula rod support for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH, Ficat stage II). Methods: This was a retrospective study of clinical data of patients who were admitted to our hospital for treatment of ONFH from July 2014 to June 2015. In PRP group, patients (9 cases) were treated with platelet-rich plasma combined with core decompression and allogeneic fibula rod support. In control group, patients (7 cases) were treated with core decompression and allogeneic fibula rod support only. The time from onset of symptoms to surgery was 3–6 months (mean: 4.5 months). Harris hip scores before and after surgery were recorded (> 90, excellent; 75–90, good; 60–74, poor; and < 60, bad). An imaging study was performed 1 and 3 months after surgery. Results: In the PRP group, the Harris scores increased from 67.82 ± 9.61 to 88.45 ± 6.02. In the control group, the Harris scores increased from 69.74 ± 8.26 to 87.36 ± 6.17. There were statistically significant differences in pretherapy and post-treatment scores (P < 0.05). Three months postsurgery, the shapes of the femoral heads in both groups were good, with no deformation or collapse. The location of the top of the allograft fibula was perfect (no fibula out). Additionally, the fibula rods began to combine with the surrounding bone after 3 months postsurgery, without infection. Conclusion: PRP can ease hip pain and improve joint function

Objectives: Multi-drug resistance (MDR) remains one of the major obstacles to successful chemotherapy in patients with cancer. BRAF-activated non-coding RNA (BANCR) has been reported to be regulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, the researchers investigated the effects of ultrasound on BANCR expression, and its possible mechanisms were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The Adriamycin-resistance of A549/ADM cells and the transplantation tumor model of A549/ADM in nude mice were established. Real-time PCR was used to quantify BANCR expression in cells and in mice examined with or without ultrasound. P-gp and MRP protein expression were measured by western blot. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Results: ANCR expression was significantly elevated by ultrasound in A549/ADM cells and tumor tissue from xenograft mice. In in vitro experiments, P-gp and MRP levels were markedly reduced by ultrasound. When the cancer cells up-regulated BANCR by transfection of pCDNA-BANCR, P-gp and MRP levels were inhibited. In addition, the down-regulation of BANCR by si-BANCR transfection elevated their expression. Conclusion: Ultrasound reversed adriamycin-resistance in A549/ADM cells by regulating BANCR expression, and P-gp and MRP regulation were involved in this process.

Background: Cervical cancer is estimated to be the second most common cancer among women worldwide. The discovery of new and effective therapeutic strategies targeting cervical cancer is urgently needed. Upregulation of lncRNA PVT-1 and its biological significance in several cancers has been studied. However, its role in cervical cancer remains poorly understood. This study was designed to investigate the expression, clinical significance, and biological role of PVT-1 in cervical cancer. Methods: Expression of PVT-1was analyzed in the sera of 120 cervical cancer patients and 118 normal control women by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The associations between PVT-1 and clinicopathological characteristics, as well as the survival probability of patients, were analyzed by statistical analysis. pcDNA3.1 and siRNAs were used to modulate PVT-1 expression in Hela and C33A cells. In vitro assays were performed to further explore the biological functions of PVT-1 in cervical cancer cells. Results: The qRT-PCR results revealed high levels of expression of PVT-1 in cervical cancer patients, and PVT-1 was significantly higher in patients at advanced tumor stages and in patients whose tumor size was =3 cm and whose lymphatic node metastasis was positive. In addition, cervical cancer patients with high PVT-1 expression tended to have shorter overall survival than those with low PVT-1 expression. Moreover, PVT-1 overexpression promoted proliferation of Hela and C33A cells, whereas knockdown of PVT-1 induced apoptosis of Hela and C33A cells. Conclusion: The findings of this study illustrate that increased circulating LncRNA PVT-1 is associated with poor prognosis and that PVT-1 stimulates proliferation of cervical cancer cells. These results identify an important role of PVT-1 in cervical cancer progression and a promising candidate for the prognosis and therapy of cervical cancer.

Background:Laparoscopic D3 lymphadenectomy is widely used in rectal cancer treatment. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the laparoscopic D3 lymphadenectomy combined with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation in treating rectal cancer. Methods:We enrolled 211 patients with rectal cancer who admitted to our hospital from 2012 to 2016. Randomly, 131 cases underwent laparoscopic D3 lymphadenectomy (laparoscope group) and 80 cases underwent open surgery (open group). The patients’ clinical data and statistical results were retroactively comparatively analyzed. Results:All the operations were completed successfully in 211 patients. No significant differences were found between the two groups in the number of removed lymph nodes and postoperative complications. The carminative time and time to get out of bed were shorter in the laparoscope group than that in the open group. The hospital stay was also shorter in the laparoscope group than in the open group, while the surgical duration was shorter in the open group. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in recurrence rates, mortality rates, or postoperative urinary and sexual dysfunction. Conclusion:The laparoscopic D3 lymphadenectomy combined with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation is feasible and safe for rectal cancer treatment. The advantages include being minimally invasive and a quicker postoperative recovery, which improves the patient’s quality of life.

Objective: To explore the imaging characteristics and clinical significance of multispectral cystoscopy. Methods: A total of 14 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 16 patients with bladder tumor were enrolled from May 2011 to May 2013; five patients with normal bladder were enrolled as a control group. After the patients were anesthetized, a resectoscope was inserted into the bladder through the urethra. White, ultraviolet (UV), blue, green, red, and near-infrared lights were used for cystoscopy. Results: When UV and near-infrared lights were used to irradiate the bladders, there were no images on the monitor. However, the bladder mucosa and submucosa blood vessels showed clearly and constituted a three-dimensional mesh when using green light; the density of blood vessels was increased but was less clear when using blue light (p < 0.05), and the mucosal surface was covered in red when using red light. After transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt) for T1 stage tumors was performed, the superficial muscle layer with integrity structure could be observed under white light, but blood vessels did not appear when using green light. Ta stage tumors were shown to be connected to the mucosal vasculature by only one small blood vessel when viewed under green light. Blood vessels were normal when usingwhite light. Structural disorders seen under green light should be highly suspected as Tis-stage tumors. Conclusions: Tumor blood vessels and bladder mucosal vasculature can be shown by green light without the use of photosensitizers or fluorescent dyes. Hemoglobin absorbs light at different wavelengths. Thus, according to the principles of imaging, small tumors and invasive tumor depth can be identified under green light. cystoscopy.

Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a malignancy with high metastatic potential. Although the treatment has improved over the past few decades, the survival rate is still low, and there is a pressing need for targeted therapies. A variety of microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles and candidate genes have been studied in EC, which obviously supports the key role of miRNA in the pathogenesis of EC. In order to better understand the importance of miRNA in the development of EC, this article reviews the current information about many important miRNAs as they relate to the progression of EC.