Abstract :Background: Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
(MIBC) is supported by level 1 evidence, however the optimal chemotherapy regimen remains to
be determined.
Objective: We report a five-year retrospective experience with preoperative Dose-Dense
Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Doxorubicin and Cisplatin (DD-MVAC) in patients with node-negative
and node-positive MIBC, with a focus on the importance of the number of chemotherapy cycles.
Methods: Patients were treated between 2011 and 2015 with preoperative DD-MVAC for nodenegative
or node-positive MIBC. The primary efficacy endpoint was Pathological Complete
Response (pCR) on cystectomy specimens. Secondary endpoints included overall survival, relapsefree-survival
and safety.
Results: Sixty-nine patients were treated with DD-MVAC, among which 14 were initially nodepositive.
The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 5. Fifty-five patients underwent
cystectomy, of which 52% achieved pCR. Patients who received more than 4 chemotherapy cycles
achieved pCR more often although this was not statistically significant (59% versus 33%, p =0.069).
There were non-significant trends toward better overall survival and relapse-free survival in patients
who received more than 4 chemotherapy cycles. The cumulative incidence of grade 3-4 adverse
events was 62%, mainly due to hematological toxicity. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 10% of
patients. No toxic death occurred.
Conclusions: DD-MVAC is an effective preoperative chemotherapy regimen for MIBC, albeit
responsible for frequent but manageable hematological toxicity. Pursuing chemotherapy up
to 6 cycles may result in better pathological response and better survival, although this call for
confirmation by larger trials.