Aims: to investigate the relationship between nursing workloads (first shift) and Healthcareassociated Infections (HAI) in two European Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Background: Critically ill patients may develop an infection, because of their clinical condition, and the invasive interventions received. Inadequate nursing workloads may increase the risk of HAIs. Design: observational study in two European ICUs (Spain and Italy) Methods: in the period February-June 2010 we assessed 60 patients per ICU using the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) and the Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Score (NEMS).

Background: Men and women are differently bodily, as well as have distinctive ways of thinking; consequently, their health care needs are not always the same. For some older adults who enter longterm care facilities, the impact of gender upon their care may not be recognized by staff.

In contemporary society, it’s important to prevent and minimize the impact of non-communicable disease [1]. Health behaviors, such as physical inactivity, smoking, obesity, poor diets, and alcohol misuse are among the most common causes of disease and premature deaths in the world [2,3]. With the development of the economy and the level of medical and health care, the proportion of the elderly population is becoming big, and the number of centenarians is increasing both in China and many other developing countries.

Introduction: Studies on methods of teaching informatics for graduate nursing programs are limited. This paper discusses the design and evaluation of an IT-related Business Process Reengineering (BPR) Project, one of the main assignments in an informatics course offered jointly for three graduate nursing programs. Challenges and lessons learned are also presented.

Background: Incitements to smoking cessation in patients hospitalized in mental health settings should be an ethical commitment for the mental health staff. However, worldwide studies have shown that the mental health staff is often reluctant to the implementation of smoking bans, and that the psychological attitude of the nursing staff may even sometimes wreck the efforts to ban smoking. No studies have been made in France investigating the psychological attitudes of mental health employees towards a complete smoking ban.