Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is defined as intermittent or persistent pain not associated with pregnancy, menstruation or coitus, which is localized in the abdomen or pelvis lasting at least three to six months. It is a common complaint with a prevalence ranging from 2.1% to 24% [1]. Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a syndrome associated with pelvic varices causing CPP and more frequently seen in women in the reproductive period. However, this syndrome should not be ignored in the diagnosis for women with pelvic pain in the postmenopausal period as in the patient presented herein.

Background: A case of “Near miss maternal” or severe obstetric condition is defined as the patient at risk of dying, which survives the complication that occurred during pregnancy, delivery or at the end of the puerperium; or women who have survived the risks that endanger their lives.

Aim: To evaluate the effi cacy and safety of vaginal specifi c lactobacilli strain in management of bacterial vaginosis. Method: A non-randomized, open labeled, non-comparative, multi-centric, study was conducted in total of 58 female patients suffering from bacterial vaginosis. Each patient was administered a combination of four strains of Lactobacilli. Vaginal pH, discharge, odor, itching and painful urination were performed at baseline, week 2 and week 4 as assessment parameters.

Introduction: Ensuring access to quality caesarean section (CS) care is a key millenium development strategy and the next sustainable development goal to reduce maternal and infant mortality. The WHO recommends that the caesarean section rate should not exceed 10-15%. The objective of our analysis is to document the variability of caesarean section rates in Sub- Saharan Africa.

The number of surgeries performed with robotic equipment has increased ever since its release by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2005 [1]. Robotic surgery is well accepted and seems to be as effective as laparoscopy in the treatment of endometrial and cervix cancers [2,3]. Some of the advantages of using this method over the traditional laparoscopic technique include 3D visualization, tremor filtration, greater dexterity, better ergonomics, lower blood loss and lower post-operative pain index [4].

The number of surgeries performed with robotic equipment has increased ever since its release by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2005 [1]. Robotic surgery is well accepted and seems to be as effective as laparoscopy in the treatment of endometrial and cervix cancers [2,3]. Some of the advantages of using this method over the traditional laparoscopic technique include 3D visualization, tremor filtration, greater dexterity, better ergonomics, lower blood loss and lower post-operative pain index [4].

The initiation of menstruation, called menarche, usually happens between the ages of 12 and 15 [1]. Menstrual cycles typically continue to age 45 to 55, when menopause occurs. Many women fi nd themselves reluctant to discuss the existence and normality of menstruation. The word menstruation has been replaced by a variety of euphemisms, such as the curse, my period, my monthly, my friend, the red fl ag, or on the rag. Most women experience deviations from the average menstrual cycle during their reproductive years. As a result, it is not uncommon for women to display certain preoccupations regarding their menstrual bleeding, not only in relation to the regularity of its occurrence, but also in regard to the characteristics of the fl ow, such as volume, duration, and associated signs and symptoms. Unfortunately, society has encouraged the notion that a woman’s normalcy is based on her ability to bear children. This misperception has understandably forced women to worry over the most miniscule changes in their menstrual cycles. Indeed, changes in menstruation are one of the most frequent reasons why women visit their clinician.

The female genital area is the fi rst site of malignant lymphoma; is a very rare localization.While most genital lymphomas occur in the vagina or cervix, uterine corpus is very rare [1]. Patients usually present with bleeding or pelvic, low back pain, but very rarely tumors are discovered through a routine examination. In the present case; When the radiological examination was performed for avascular femoral necrosis, it was thought that myoma was the incidental mass. However, the patient had no preoperative diagnosis and the pathology was high grade B-cell lymphoma located in the uterus. We were unable to make a preoperative diagnosis and we thought that it could be lyomyosarcoma. Here we report a case of primary lymphoma of the uterus, which is very rare among postmenopausal masses.

Contraceptive counselling is seen as a major part of public health care, maternal and child health care. Therefore, antenatal and postnatal periods are regarded as the appropriate opportunities for women to receive education on contraceptives. However, not much attention has been given to the contents, materials used and frequency of the contraceptive education women receive as this is critical in understanding the contraceptive behaviour of these women. Against this backdrop, this study explores the components of contraceptive counselling postpartum women receive when they attend antenatal and postnatal health care services in order to provide insights into the various contraceptive counselling given to postpartum women who attend antenatal and postnatal clinics.